semester 1, day 15
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Semester 1, Day 15. Immune System Continued. Agenda. Review for Quiz Take Quiz Lecture on Immune System Continued Turn in Homework Packet Presentations Reading/Work Time. Review for Quiz. Definitions Pathogens and Diseases they cause Categorize pathogens as pro, eu , or neither - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Semester 1, Day 15
Immune System Continued
Agenda Review for Quiz Take Quiz Lecture on Immune System Continued Turn in Homework Packet Presentations Reading/Work Time
Review for Quiz Definitions Pathogens and Diseases they cause Categorize pathogens as pro, eu, or neither Types of transmission Definition and example of vector Three ways pathogens cause disease Secondary infection vs. primary infection Two types of nonspecific defenses. What is
nonspecific? Relate antibodies to vaccinations Antibiotic vs. Antiviral
Take Quiz
RecallWhite Blood Cells (Leukocytes):
Protect against disease
Phagocytes:Engulf harmful
invaders, general
Lymphocytes:Immune response
cells, specific
Neutrophils:Main
phagocyte
Macrophage:Large
phagocyteHelper T-Cell:
Activate B-cellsB-Cell:
Produce antibodies
Immune System 2 Systems
Innate Immune Response (Nonspecific): rapid and broad
Adaptive Immune Response (Specific): slow but more effective Vaccinations use AIR Dead pathogens cause AIR to “learn” so it can have a
faster response for live pathogens
Immune System Leukocytes: White blood cells
Leukemia is cancer in which white blood cells are not properly formed and results in poor immunity
Two Categories: phagocytes (innate) & lymphocytes (adaptive) Phagocytes = ingesting
Neutrophils, Monocytes, Macrophages, Dendritic Cells, and Mast Cells
Lymphocytes = learning T-Cells, B-Cells, and natural killer cells
Immune System Neutrophils: Most common white blood cell,
first line of defense, INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM Three steps:
1. Chemotaxis2. Phagocytosis3. Apoptosis
Immune System
1. Chemotaxis
A. Pathogen makes chems.
B. Cells respond: produce proteins called chemokines
C. Chemokines recruit neutrophils
Check For Understanding If a cell produces high levels of chemokines,
then…1. No neutrophils be recruited2. Few neutrophils be recruited3. A moderate amount of neutrophils be recruited4. Many neutrophils be recruited
Immune System2. Phagocytosis
A. Neutrophil IDs pathogenB. Neu. ingests (swallows) path.C. Neu.kills path. w/ toxic chems.
Immune System3. Apoptosis
A. Neutrophil does “programmed cell death”: Safely disposes of dead neu. w/ dead path, prevents more damage
Vocabulary Antigen: proteins on surface of paths. Processed Antigen: prepared antigen Antibody: a protein that fights a specific antigen Activated B-Cell: “antibody factories” Memory B-Cell: remember previous antigen interaction Macrophage: a large phagocytic cell Helper T-Cell: activates B-cells
Immune System Antibody Mediated Response http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hQmaPwP0
KRI
Immune System
• Antibody Mediated Response
1. Macrophage “eats” & processes
antigen.
2. Gives PA to Helper T-Cell
3. HT-C gives PA to B-Cell to
activate B-C
4. Activated B-Cs divide
• Some make antibodies for now
• Some stay as memory B-Cs for later
Immune System Passive Immunity:
Temp. protection Antibodies from
others Ex. breast milk, blood
Active Immunity: Through AMR OR through
vaccination Deliberately expose
body to dead pathogens
Primary versus Secondary Response Draw graph:
Vaccinations effective due to secondary immune response More rapid response
(steeper curve) Greater response
(larger hill)
Using this information Edit your story / skit using what you have learned
about neutrophils Chemotaxis: “recruitment” Phagocytosis: “the fight” Apoptosis: “sacrifice”
We will present tomorrow
Use immunity packet; will be collected at end of period
Work/Reading Time Read Section 39.2 Section 39.2 #1-5 Chapter 39 Review #8, 12, 13, 17-19
Homework Due Immune System Packet