Konstruktiotekniikka

Mechatronics Components and Instrumentation(MSc Course: EDE-31206)

Selection of Sensors

Mithun ChowdhuryTomáš Spáčil

16/11/2013

Konstruktiotekniikka

DESIGN PROCESS

Distinguish into 6 major phases• Conceptual design• Preliminary design• Detail design and development• Construction• Operation use• Retirement

Sensors are necessarily part of almost all phases

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REQUIREMENTS Summarizing possible future application of the system

Measurement principles• Environment• Size, weight

Sensing method• Resolution, range, frequency,...• Output• Cost

Best compromise

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SENSOR x TRANSDUCER

Sensor produce a signal relating to the physical quantity being measured.

Transducer converts one type of energy to another form of energy.• Transducer consists of a sensor and electronic circuit.• Output from of a transducer is normally voltage (V) or current (A).

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ROTATIONAL• Potentiometer• Resolvers• Magnetic / optical encoders• Capacitive encoders• Inductive encoders

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TEMPERATURE

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MAGNETIC• Hall sensor• Magnetoresistive sensor• Magnetodiode• Induction coil• SQUID

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Sensor Topology

Sensitivity Range Precision Resolution Accuracy Offset Linearity Hysteresis Response Time Dynamic Linearity

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Sensitivity• defined as the input parameter change required to produce a

standardized output change

Range• is the maximum and minimum values of applied parameter that can be

measured

Precision• refers to the degree of reproducibility of a measurement

Resolution• is the smallest detectable incremental change of input parameter that

can be detected in the output signal.

Sensor Topology

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Accuracy• maximum difference that will exist between the actual value (which

must be measured by a primary or good secondary standard) and the indicated value at the output of the sensor

Linearity• is an expression of the extent to which the actual measured curve of a

sensor departs from the ideal curve.

Response Time• Sensors do not change output state immediately when an input

parameter change occurs. Rather, it will change to the new state over a period of time, called the response time.

Sensor Topology

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Choose the Right Sensor for an Measurement System

Depend on Temperature Strain Sound Vibration Position and Displacement Pressure Force

Konstruktiotekniikka

Mechatronics Components and Instrumentation(MSc Course: EDE-31206)

Thanks for your attention!

Mithun ChowdhuryTomáš Spáčil

16/11/2013