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Selected Endangered Animals

Mammals

Species Status Range Reasons for decline

Ass, African wild (Equusafricanus)

CR Somalia, Sudan, Ethiopia Habitat destruction, poaching,interbreeding with domestic donkeys

Bat, Indiana (Myotis sodalis) EN Eastern and MidwesternU.S.

Habitat destruction (commercializationof caves)

Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) VU Africa to India Habitat destruction, fur trade

Dugong (Dugong dugon) VU Western Pacific, IndianOcean

Hunting (for food and hide)

Elephant, Asian (Elephasmaximus)

EN South central andsoutheast Asia

Habitat destruction (agriculturaldevelopment)

Ferret, Black-footed (Mustelanigripes)

EW Known only in captivity Poisoning of food source

Gazelle, Mountain (Gazellagazella)

VU Arabian peninsula, Egypt,Israel, Syria, Jordan

Poaching, habitat destruction

Gibbon, Silvery (Hylobates

moloch)

CR Indonesia Habitat destruction

Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) EN Central and western Africa Habitat destruction, poaching

Leopard, Snow (Uncia uncia) EN Central Asia Fur trade

Lion, Asiatic (Panthera leopersica)

CR India Habitat destruction, over hunting forsport

Mouse, Saltmarsh harvest(Reithrodontomys raviventris)

VU California Drainage and filling of salt marshes

Orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) EN Borneo, Sumatra Habitat destruction, over collection of young for zoos

Panda, Giant (Ailuropodamelanoleuca)

EN China Habitat destruction

Prairie Dog, Utah (Cynomysparvidens)

LR Western U.S. Habitat destruction, poisoning

Rhinoceros, Black (Dicerosbicornis)

CR South of Sahara in Africa Habitat destruction, poaching for horn

Tiger (Panthera tigris) EN Temperate and tropicalAsia

Habitat destruction, hunting for sport

Whale, Blue (Balaenopteramusculus)

EN Oceans Commercial hunting

Whale, Fin (Balaenopteraphysalus)

EN Oceans Commercial hunting

Wolf, Red (Canis rufus) CR Southeastern U.S. tocentral Texas

Habitat destruction, hunting, trapping,and poisoning

Extinct (EX): No reasonable doubt that the last individual of the species has died.

Extinct in the Wild (EW): Species only survives in cultivation, captivity, or as a naturalized population well outsideof its native range.

Critically Endangered (CR): Species faces extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future.

Endangered (EN): Species faces very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future.

Vulnerable (VU): Species faces high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future.

Lower Risk (LR): Species does not satisfy criteria for above categories, but may be near threatened or dependenton conservation activities for survival.

Source: 2004 World Conservation Union (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species.

Birds

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Secies Status Range Reasons for Decline

Akepa (Loxops coccineus) EN Hawaiian Islands Habitat destruction, infectionfrom disease-carrying prey

Amazon, Imperial(Amazona imperialis)

EN West Indies, Dominica Habitat destruction, illegalcollection for pet market

Amazon, Puerto Rican(Amazona vittata)

CR Puerto Rico Habitat destruction, predators,nest destruction by rats

Condor, California(Gymnogyps californianus)

CR California Habitat destruction, loss of foodsource, low reproductive rates

Crane, Whooping(Grus americana)

EN Central U.S.,Canada

Habitat destruction, lowreproductive rates

Macaw, indigo(Anodorhynchus leari)

CR Brazil Habitat destruction, collectionfor pet market

Parrot, orange-bellied(Neophema chrysogaster)

CR Australia Collection for pet market

Scrub-bird, noisy(Atrichornis clamosus)

VU Australia Habitat destruction, introductionof predators (cats), drought

Warbler, Kirtland's

(Dendroica kirtlandii)

VU U.S., Canada, West Indies,

The Bahamas

Habitat destruction (for fire

control)Woodpecker, red-cockaded(Picoides borealis)

VU South central andsoutheastern U.S.

Nesting habitat destruction(logging)

Extinct (EX): No reasonable doubt that the last individual of the species has died.

Extinct in the Wild (EW): Species only survives in cultivation, captivity, or as a naturalized population well outsideof its native range.

Critically Endangered (CR): Species faces extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future.

Endangered (EN): Species faces very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future.

Vulnerable (VU): Species faces high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future.

Lower Risk (LR): Species does not satisfy criteria for above categories, but may be near threatened or dependenton conservation activities for survival.

Source: 2004 World Conservation Union (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species.

Invertebrates

Species Status Range Reasons for Decline

Amphipod, Hay's spring(Stygobromus hayi)

EN District of Columbia Very limiteddistribution

Isopod, Madison cave(Antrolana lira)

VU Virginia Water pollution,human traffic incave

Mussel, Ring pink(Obovaria retusa)

CR Kentucky, Tennessee Habitat alteration-damming, waterpollution, dredging

Peacock, Luzon(Papilio chikae)

EN Philippines Over collection

Pearlshell, Louisiana(Margaritifera hembeli)

CR Louisiana Dam construction,water diversion,polluted runoff

Shrimp, Alabama cave(Palaemonias alabamae)

EN Alabama Habitat destruction

Swallowtail, Corsican(Papilio hospiton)

EN Corsica (France), Sardinia (Italy) Habitat destruction

Tiger beetle, Columbia River(Cicindela columbica)

VU Idaho Habitat destruction(dam construction)

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Extinct (EX): No reasonable doubt that the last individual of the species has died.

Extinct in the Wild (EW): Species only survives in cultivation, captivity, or as a naturalized population well outsideof its native range.

Critically Endangered (CR): Species faces extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future.

Endangered (EN): Species faces very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future.

Vulnerable (VU): Species faces high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future.

Lower Risk (LR): Species does not satisfy criteria for above categories, but may be near threatened or dependenton conservation activities for survival.

Source: 2004 World Conservation Union (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species.

Reptiles and Amphibians

Species Status Range Reasons for Decline

Crocodile, American(Crocodylus acutus)

VU Florida, Mexico, Central andSouth America, Caribbean Islands

Killing for hides, habitatdestruction

Komodo Dragon

(Varanus komodoensis)

VU Indonesia Competition for food supply

Lizard, Hierro giant(Gallotia simonyi)

CR Hierro Island (Spain) Introduced predators (cats anddogs)

Olm (Proteus anguinus) VU Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,France, Italy, Slovenia

Overcollection, water pollution

Platanna, Cape(Xenopus gilli)

EN South Africa Precise habitat preferences,hybridization

Salamander, Texas blind(Eurycea rathbuni)

VU Texas Habitat destruction (drainage of wetlands)

Toad, Houston(Bufo houstonensis)

EN Texas Habitat destruction, drought

Turtle, Kemp's Ridley sea(Lepidochelys kempii)

CR Tropical and temperate Atlanticocean

Over hunting for leather, overcollection of eggs for food

Turtle, Leatherback(Dermochelys coriacea)

CR Tropical and temperate seas andoceans

Killing, collection of eggs for food

Viper, Cyclades blunt-nosed(Macrovipera schweizeri)

CR Cyclades Islands (Greece) Collection for trade, mining

Extinct (EX): No reasonable doubt that the last individual of the species has died.

Extinct in the Wild (EW): Species only survives in cultivation, captivity, or as a naturalized population well outsideof its native range.

Critically Endangered (CR): Species faces extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future.

Endangered (EN): Species faces very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future.

Vulnerable (VU): Species faces high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future.

Lower Risk (LR): Species does not satisfy criteria for above categories, but may be near threatened or dependenton conservation activities for survival.

Source: 2004 World Conservation Union (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species.

Fish

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Species Status Range Reasons for Decline

Catfish, Giant(Pangasianodon gigas)

CR China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand,Cambodia, Vietnam

Dam construction, fishing

Cod, Clarence River(Maccullochella ikei)

EN Northeast New South Wales(Australia)

Habitat destruction, water pollution

Cui-ui (Chasmistescujus)

CR Nevada Habitat destruction

Darter, Fountain(Etheostoma fonticola)

VU Texas Depletion of underground aquifer,habitat alteration

Galaxias, Swan(Galaxias fontanus)

CR Tasmania Introduced competitor species,logging

Minnow, Maluti(Pseudobarbusquathlambae)

CR Lesotho Habitat destruction (road and damconstruction)

Pupfish, Devils Hole(Cyprinodon diabolis)

VU Nevada Habitat destruction

Sculpin, Pygmy (Cottuspygmaeus)

CR Alabama Restricted range, contamination of underground aquifer

Sucker, Shortnose(Chasmistesbrevirostris)

EN California, Oregon Habitat destruction (damconstruction)

Totoaba (Totoabamacdonaldi)

CR Gulf of California (Mexico) Overfishing, habitat alteration

Extinct (EX): No reasonable doubt that the last individual of the species has died.

Extinct in the Wild (EW): Species only survives in cultivation, captivity, or as a naturalized population well outsideof its native range.

Critically Endangered (CR): Species faces extremely high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future.

Endangered (EN): Species faces very high risk of extinction in the wild in the near future.

Vulnerable (VU): Species faces high risk of extinction in the wild in the medium-term future.

Lower Risk (LR): Species does not satisfy criteria for above categories, but may be near threatened or dependent

on conservation activities for survival.

Source: 2004 World Conservation Union (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species.