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The Seed Savers' HandbookMichel & Jude Fantonseed srvers'iletworkP.O.Box 975 Byron Bay - tlSW 2481, AustrallaTel/Fax! +61 (02) 6585 5624lnfo@seedEaver3,netwww,seedsavers.net

B npoAuxeHle Ha xnrrAo,leTl,tfl, cenaH{Te no cBera ca nporcEexAafi{,ceneKqxoH[pant, noAo6prBan{ l,t cb3aaBar},| cBotr co6cTEeHu copToBe oT nroaoBe u3ereH{yqn, $pHeHx, acnoaaiHl I TeXXn'{eCX[ pacTeH]4t. B HaqaloTo Ha rHarrt8ex pycKlrr 6oTaHtK Hnlona BaBxnoB [AeHTnolqxpa pa&oHlTe a cBeTa, xolTo capoAnHa Ha Kynrypxxre pacTeHxs. Tofi xapxqa Te3x paf,oHx nlpBllqHl4 qeHTpoBe Hanpox3xoa ll noc8eqaBa xrBola cu I cb6npaHe Ha reHelrgeH i4aTepla4 orpa3nuqHlle Ttx ii rexHlTe ahBx npeauecTBeHtqx. oqe Tora8a Ba8[noB oqeHrBaorpoMHoTo 3HaqeHlte Ha atpo6nopa3Hoo6pa3teTo n HetoBoTo ona3BaHe 3a 6hAeqeToHa cerc(oTo cTonaHcTBo I qOBeqecTBoTo. B OCHOBaTa Ha ao6uBa a cercKoTocfonaHcTBo, KaKIO e lt3BecrHo cTorr celleHaTa. KorKolo Io_eoeKTuBHa eTexHonoftirTa, k0rr0 t3noBBaIe, B TOn[OBa no-ronrMa cTeneH (pafiHug pe3yrTar ecBrp3aH c KaqecTBoTo tla r3xoAHtrr nocaatqeH l'lafepua,l. oTHocHO fiaqecraoro Ba3eneHgyt(oBxTe ce eHa $oral aa 6bAaT nocraBeHt oleaHlre u3[c(BaH]19 BC'KO OT(0l1To e eaHa[Bo SaxHo:

. Oep eptr rpr6Ba Aa pa3nonara cbc cei{eHa or coproBe, {ot{To noKO n,leKcHl,t npu3Haqn ca Haf,-noaxoAruln 3a oTrnexAaHe a cboTBeTHaTaTECTHOCT.

. Ceflexara rpr6Ba Aa 6rAar xrcHecnoco6H{, r.e. Aa ruar B[coKa[]nHrerocT I npopafisaqara eHeprrr.

. Ce eHara rproBa Aa 6bAar 3Apa8n, T.e. Aa He Hocrr B ce6e ctl.npn'{tHfie,lffie Ha pa3nlqHx 6oneflx..

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Ha ntpBo [rcro, [o,l(oro no 6nx3Ko e !4rcroro, KbAero ca npor3BeAeH[ ce eHara, orr,rrcToTo -t(bAeTo

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Eurapnr e ntpBri{eH I BTopuqeH qexrtp Ha npo]t3xoA 3a MHoro or Bl4toBere3ereH'{yKo8l.t rynryph, 14 AHec B r3onrpaxlre cencu pafiou npoAtnxa8ar aa cecpeqar rpaAxqnotHll coproBe, Kolt?o no cBorra npxcnoco6u ocr t(bl,,t Krll arlqHrreycnoB[r, ycrofi,u8ocr Ha 6onecff tl Ha speAurenr npeerlxox4ar I lai-cbBpeiiexHlfle coproBe x xl16pxAx. npll nol(anHoro ceflenpolt38oAcrBo c ro,{ll4Hl4re

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npl4 pacTeHugTa ce npe axBaT npBHaqure, l(oxro ca HenoAxoAfl{u 3a KoH(peTH Tenpupoao-xruxaTltr.tH[ ycnoBxg, x qoBeKa yqacrBa B flpoueca Ha noao6pgsaxe Hacopra, or6lpafil(l ceueHara or Hafi-aoopure erceMn,lrpr,r. I'lecrHrre coproBe ca qacror 6[ororxqHoro pa3Hoo6pa3ue Ha Peny6rxKa E]^rap[t u eAHoBpe]4eHXo c roBa {qacr or He lrolo rynTypHo-l.tcTopt4qec(o HacneasrBo.

BTopara npxqxHa, no (orro rpaAnHapure ce o6ptqar Kbx co6cTBeHoceitenpolt38oacTBo e lrKofioMlqecKa. AHec cefieHara ca c(bnr r rynyBai(l BeaHbxceMeHa qecTo npox3BoalrenuTe ce onl[BaT aa ar pasrHoxaBaT ca[ocTotTerHo. BHrKOt Cny'{au ToBa e BD3l,roxHo, a B apyru He. qecro roBa e cBlp3aHo c TexHlqecKlTpyaHocTl.r, cr6upaHero Ha cefieHa or eaHoroaxuflfie [ynrypn (Tu$oBL, Kaprooo8tlx 6o6oBt4) He npeacraBrrBa oco6eHHa lpyAHocr, Ho pacreHntra orrneAaH[ 0T TaKxBaceMeHa He Bl1Harl1 sana3aar npn3HaqlTe I csoficTBara Ha rcxoaHara Kyrrypa. HanbpBo MrcTo ToBa ce olHacr 3a xlr6pral{Te (MapKxpaHlr sa ona(oBl(xTe cbc 3HaKa F1).

F xttapr4frTe, (rbn t ottTo , qacrnocr ce orflactT ,tfloro of copToteTeqOEAflt t1 taprqaau4,), e ce tbtnPorrtexaan c>dtPenefo Ea ce e a 07xuapattttt pacfet ut E ue cflucDt - pecTanfltTe oTrtcaeHn o7 7a*t.eceneEa tte ttoctT npa3na4t47e Ee cuotfe poEtTett3a pa3nuKa or xx6praure, Hexlr6ptAHlre coproBe ce BBnpou3BexaaulecHo, Ao6pecereKquoHl.ipaHuTe copToBe 3ana3aaT cBoxTe xapaKTepxcTtllq HeonpeaeneHo AlrroBpefie. HanpuMep AxyIoHo(ara uqnKa u C]|rntHcKxq 606 ca coproBe Aoulrlu Ao Hacor flo-r4l|Han,l9 Be[. 3a cbxa,leHle H9l(oi no-HoEl4 coproBe he ca rorll(oEa cra6l,trHx IHe e prar(ocTr (oraro HrKo SoB copr ao6ue nonyrtpHocr, Tofi Aa e 3afloqHal aa3ary6Ba qeHrure {aqecrBa. BbnpeKx roBa, npl,l cna3BaHe Ha onpeAereHx flpaBllna(or6op, npocrpaHcrBeHa lr3onaql1t na pa3nuqHnre coproBer onrnManHl,l cpoKoBe Ha

oranexAaHe) nory'{aBaHero Ha [atlecTBeHr coproBl cefiexa a AorauHoro cronaHcrBoMOXe Aa 6bAe HanbnHo Eb3lloxxo. no cnoco6a Na cBoero onpaulBaHe 3eneHqyKoBurery.nryp!! ce arngl Ha ca[oonpauBaqx x KpbcrocaHoonpaulBaqx ce. Haf,-necxo eB!3MOXHO Aa 6lAaT nOry,{eHU KaqecT8eHl ceueHa npx cer.lenpou3BoacTBoTo Ha

eaHoroaxllHr,r cauoonpauBaqx ce BnAoBe (ao arx, nlnep, narraAxaB, rpax, oacyrl,cararl.).

Ona3BaHero qrcrorara Ha copra npl1 (pbcrocaHoonpauBaqure ce - or Btrbpa(qEexno, cnaHaK, qapeBrqa) x,lI pa3nlrqHI alAoBe HaceKoi{l,l( 3ene8}'t I rnKBoBx) e nocloxHo ti 3aroaa e Heo6xoal[a flpocrpaHcrBeHa r3oraqllt xnll l3lrycr8eHa 3a[l]ira.OcBeH roBa, rHoro or rplcrocaHoonpauBaqllre ce [ynrypl4 AaBar ceMeHa Ha ETopararoalHa of xr,rBoTa cr. ToBa ca Bcr,{Kx BllaoEe KopeHonnoal, ocBes penxqKaTa,acuqKl1 BnAoBe 3ereBr, ocBeH qBerHoro 3ene x x 6pol(orn.3a aa ce 3aHlHaBa cbcceMenpox3BoacrBo Ha aByroanlHu Kytrypu rpaAllxapt rpt6sa aa {Ma x ycno8lt 3aclxpaHtBaHe Ha aTot{HxTe pacreHl9 npe3 3l1llHl4Te fleceqr'

He ra nocneAio lltcTo npol3goacrgoro Ha ceueHa or rpaAlqtloHlll, Hexri6pnaHlcopro8e BbB Oepl.lara e or fieoqeHlt o 3HaqeHut 3a ro3l4, KofiTo ce 3aH[flaBa copraHx,{Ho (6[ororxgHo) 3exeAerue. l43xrllo,{Bafixl or 3eleAencKara cu npaKTrKaynorpe6ara Ha xxiruqec(ll TopoBe I necr[quan, Tofi ce Hyxaae or MHoxecTBo

pa3Hoo6pa3xn copToBe Ha ce.,rcKocroflaHcK[Te Kynrypu, Bce[[ or t(otro e nprroAeHxrr'r yHuxanHl{Te ycnoBxg Ha 6xoperuoHa B [ofiTo ce HaMlpa oepflara.

EAlloroeruHr, IByroAxutltt ryrryptEAHoroArurHr.!: EAHoroAxulHlrre pacreHrr ca re3l.t npH xoxro ttul(tna or 3acaxAaHe Aononyqa8aHe Ha peKotTaTa nplBbpursa E paMsTe Ha eahH BereraqtroHeH nepxoA,06xKHoBeHHo roBa rpae o(oro uecr receqa, mn eAHoroAlutHrre npe(apBar nonoBxHroalHa B no\BaTa, a apyraTa no.noBlHa Hre rr cbxpaHeaalle {aTo ceEeHa, npeal0TroB0 Aa ru 3aceem. EAHoroAxutHr ca 6o6osITe, nporerHala canara, cnaxara. Hqxoi(ynTypx B yoroBurTa Ha yiiepeHu, (nlt aT ca eaHoroA utHl,|, HanplMer Ao[aTa,aoKaTo B ycnoBxrTa Ha Tponl[a craBaT uHoaoroanurHl,|.

AsyroAxutH[: ToBa ca pacreHxr, KoxTo npe3 nrpBara roAriHa pa3BuBar cal'|oaererar[BHure cr qacrl (ropeH, crb6ro I nlcra). 14 creA nepnoA Ha npe3lr{yBaHe, HasTopara roAxHa Aa9ar cedeHa. TaK[Ba ca rrtnlqHrre 3a yMepeHx, norc l(ynrypn orceueficroo Ha 3erero, qenrnara r noBeqero t<opeHonroaHn. d6rxtoeeHro llrtira ganonyqaBaHe Ha cexeHa npx Ttx npoAurxaBa ocexHaAecer eceqa. Ilplt Hr(oi or rrx,flanpl ep KopeHonroaHxTe 3a 3 HBl' neploa ce rcBaxaaT noa3e HlTe qacTri, Iot4Tonp$[riyEaT I KoHTponxpyeux ycnoBxr l{ Ha cneaBaqa]a npoleT ce 3acaxaaT oTHOBO.

OnpauBade

6ora t qectaf oc4ortt tta

Xexanr rprr

Il8vrbno8 uBFr Ectmotog uBfrr

OpraHa 3a nonoBo pa3MHoxaBaHe npx pacreHugTa qBerbr. Toi ce cbcrol4 or qBerHaaprxKa, qBerHo nerno, o[onoqBeTHlr( - qaul(4, Tlql1HKl| - c aptxKa { flpauiHr,rK,HenapHx( 11 nnoAHrlK - c r qHuK, crbn6,{e u 6n!r3[aqe. Onpaureare e npoqecbf HanoroBo pa3MHoxaBaHe npl4 pacreHugTa. npx onpauJBaHero floreHtr or ttt]xKara qacrHa pacreHrero nonaAa BrB xeHcKara,racr. npx no8e.iero 3eneH.ryqr,r, q8err n 6[t([,Mtx(ara (T[,.]11HKare) x xeHcKa(nnoAHt4(a) ca cbbpaHu B eAlIH r.lBrr, xoiro ce naplllaABynonoB, l43(nlo'leHre npaBsr pacTeHurra or ceMefifiso Cucurbitaceae (ruKBl4,KpacTaBfqa, AuHg n Ap,L npu Kor,iro r'ttxKara H xeHc(ara qacr ca pa3noroxeHlr Ha

eAHo pacreHxe, Ho B pa3nrqHr qBeroBe, raKbB qatr ce Hap[la eaHononoB, Kotaro IMrxKl4Te r xeHcK'rre qBeroBe ca Ha eaHo pacreHxe ro ce Hap{qa eaHoAol1Ho, a(ofalo MlxKt4Te lt xeHcKl qBeroBe ca pa3noroxeH[ Ha pa3rxgHx pacreHxt r0 eAsyAoMHo (npxMep 3a raKoBa pacreHre e acnepxara). llpoqecbr Ha noroBopa3MHoxaBaHe npfi pacreHltra ce Hapxqa onpauiBaHe. npl Hero noneHtr orAerltHor r,rlxKara qacr Ha qBera nonaaa Btpxy 6nt13,lqero Ha nroAt4(a - xeHcrcTa qacr xcneA HeroBoro npopacrBaHe ce oqbqecrBgBa onnoxAaHero Ha giqeKnerKara.

Onpau BaBe

CaMoonpauBaHe

npl4 xr(oi ABynonoBx qBeroBe ce Ha6nloAaBa npoqec Ha ca oonpauBaHe. npxcafiarara, aolrara 11 6aMtra HanpuMep, KbAero Mlx(ara r xeBcKa qacT Ha qgera capa3nonoxe|[ TBlpae 6nr3o Bcrercraue aBxxeHltero Ha BBAyxa or Btr]pa ceocbqecrBrBa caMoonpauBaHe. npu rpaxa l1 6o6a, caMoonpauBaHero ce ochuecratBaoqe npearl qEeTlT aa ce e oTBopxn.

Kplcrocaro 6npaureaue

llpM Apyn4 BxaoBe c aBynonoBrl qBeroae flporl4qa (plcTocaHo onpausaHe. 3a aa ceocbqecTBx npoqeca e 3aAlnxurenHo ygacT{eTo Ha pa3nlltlHuTe BhaoBe HaceKoMl,l rltl'lsrrlpa 3a Aa ce nonyqar OeprxnHl4 ceMeHa, Hanpufiep npx HtKofi BrlAoBe, KaloHanplMep 3eneBx (grasicaceae) ca [3tpaAurlt4 xt4Mxqec(r 6ap[ep[, Korro He

aonycKal ocbulecrBrBaHero Ha caMoonpauBaHe. Te [3xo(Bar 3aAulxlrenHoroyqacTre Ha nqeru finx apyrt4 Hace{oMl{ 3a aa npeHecar norleH oT eAlH ao apyr qElT3a aa ce ocbqecra[ npoqeca. Tpr6Ba Aa ce uMa npeABxA qe 3a ycneuHo KplcrocaHoonpau8aHe e Heo6xoAllt{o aa MMare MUH|4l"lyt4 5 pacreHx9 or copr.

EcrecraeHo (prcrocgaHe

Ilpl4 HeKofi ca oonpaulBaql ce pacreHut, Karo AoMar, KpacraBHqa, 606 u rpax B

rpaalHcKl,t yc,]oBrtq BcneAcrBle xH3HeHara [eiHocr Ha HaceKo{rre ce ocbqecrBcBanpeHoc Ha noneH x Mexay oTAenH[Te qBeroBe r npoTl4'la KpbgrocaHo onpauBaHe.B[Har[ Tpc6Ba Aa ce hMa npeABrA ']e npoqeHra Ha cafioonpausaHe He e 100 9o $BapMpa B 3aBrlq4Mocr oT Bl4aoBere, MecrononoxeHuero, affirBHocrra Ha Hace(oMure llAp.

CtqecrBeH Oa{Top, KofiTo Tpr6Ba Aa tMare npeABltA, npou:eex4ail(l4 caur cer,rena, eqe noreHa or HrKofi coproBe e aorrlrHxpaq cnprro noneHa i" gpyrr, iunpr""pnoreHa 0T ItoTlatr nxnep AoHxHlpa Haa craa(xr.

::.".1: r1.1:190 y" caMoonpaurBaHe u ona3ui| x3xolqHMre (alecrBara Ha copra orKoofo npox38exAaMe ceHeHa e Heo6xoAxMo Aa oclulecrBt4M t3onaqxg MexAypacTeH{tTa oT pa3[xqHx copToBe.

Bererar{BHo pa3{HoxaBaHe

lql T:r" Ha pa3MHoxaBaHe nph pacreHhera e Bererarr8Ht4r, 3a pa3rxKa orIro,loBoTo pa3MHOXaEaHe npt HeTo HrMa nonyqaaaHe Ha c€MeHa, a au pua""o*u"ur"ce [3non3aar Beaerarr8] 4 qacrr or pacTeHnero. floryqeHxr'no ,oar-""rrn lio"op[aHM3lM e [AeHrlqeH reHernqec*y c rqaiqtroro pacrinte (roi " ""ror'ino"rrrl.3a BeterarlBHo Da3MHoxaBaHe nnM rpaauHcrlre rynrypu ie r3non3Bar Krry6eHr((apr.oou) nyKoBtlqx lvecux), xoienoet rpyArx (ronxHoM6yp), px3or4la (acnepxu),nacryHx (rroAa) x Ap.

Ona3EaHe Ha qrcrorara cereHara npll pa3 HoxaBafle

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"ua"*oMl,lpacreHre rpr6Ba Aa 6!Ae x3onripaHo or Apyrxre aopro"e npt na4n"xa,4, "u

.4rn ,111, tra ocBeH ro8a, aopx npx caMoonpauaaqrre ce, *arr" ,o " ".npr""pnxnepa, Moxe Aa Hacrbnu KpbcrocsaHe Mexay coproBere onrioaip""rr"

"u::Y9yt" ltolaqrrra MexAy pa3nrqHure coproBe Ha eAHa , ,",au *friylu "o*uaa ce ocbqecT8t4 flO Hr(O,r(O HaqUHa:

npocrpaHcrBeHa h3onaqus:

tlu-crl,l ceMeHa or eArH x cbull4 copr Moxe Aa ce noryqaT, (oraro pacrorHt4rra MexAyaBa pa3nxr{Hu copTa Ha eaHa t,l chqa KynTypa ca aocrarr9"o l'on""r, "" 4U "Hea!3MOXHO KpbcIOCBaHeTO MeXAy r9X.

EpefieBa u3otaqxri

T-o3x Tln r*onaqrlr e noAxoArqa, {oaaro orrrexAa'e coproBe c pa3,q[qHa no Bpei4e1lll9o.l1lpr*p aKo Hrr{aMe I rpaAhHara ,qocrarbqHo Mrcro 3a Aa r3onupaMepa3,['r'h coploBe or eaHa KynTypa, ule 3acaau' copToBe c pa3nrg'a sp"noql _

"arrlpafleH, eAxH cpeAsopaHe I eArH tGceH. qboTeiKx no pa3nrqHo BpeMe re HrMa AaMOrar aa ce KpbfiocaT.

,13rycrBeHa u3onaqxr.

Koraro |MaMe HyxAa of uanKfi (oll4,]ecrBa ceMeHa ,t ce HyxAaeM or a6conorHaqrcrora, oxeM Aa noKpfteM qaeroaere, Hanp[fiep np]1 Aoflara c xaprxeHr rop6r,l(ti

(r3non3BaHero Ha nor!fierrreHoBt4 He ce npenopb'lsa), ToBa e Bb3lloxHo eA]iHcrBeHonp!1 ca$oonpauBaqlre ce KyrlTyptl. lloxpneafixu qBeroaere Hlle 6noKxpaMe aosrbnaHa HaceKolr,r ao rsx no BpeMe Ha qloTexa x npeMaxBaMe rop6[Te Koraro 3anoqHeo0opMrHero Ha nnoAoBere.

l43oraq[oHHr,r ryHen[: 3a flMl{a u3orlaqlq or HaceKoMl4Te npu Kynryp[ c

npoAljtxlreneH qboTex x onpauBaHll oT HaceKoMl4, KaTO narraaxaH ll nllnep cenpurorBrt lr3o,laquoHHl4 TyHern. Te Morar Aa 6bAar HanpaBeH or npocra AbpBeHaKOHCTpyT(qlr noKpHTa c o6llKHoBeHHa Mpexa npoTl',tB Korapu. TyfienxTe no{pfiBarqenr4r peA pacreH[t, l-lefia e Aa 6bAe rcKnloqeH Aocrbnbr Ha HaceKoMll 14 Aa 6rAer43BlpuleHo pbqHo onpauBaHero c noMoqra Ha oxHHa qer(a. flpx eaporo cro{o8oceMenpo[3BoacTBo B TyHenure ce nocraBtT Marl(14 ceMe cTBa Ha 3e!!Htl nqefll(60M6ycx).

noa6op x cb61,lpaHe Ha ceMeHara

CpeA MHororo pacreHllt or eAllH copr, l(ol,lro uMa e B rpaAllHara, npeA Hac Bt3Hl4(sa

Bbnpoca, or Kor4 aa ch6t{paMe ceMeHa. 3a aa ce nonyqar KaqecrBeHll ceMeHa He e

aocTarrqfio aa noa6epeM caMo ra[uBa, Koxro ca oT ao6pe x3rnexaaqu nnoaoB€,neo6xonur.ro e Aa ce fla6nDAaBa qen[t B!HUeH BxA Ha pacreHrelo CBoegpeMeHHo

npe3 gpei4e Ha BereraqrgTa e Heo6xoal'11'!o aa ce orcTpaH9Bar HexetaHlre llHAllBl'lal4'

B Huxa(rg cryqafi He rpr6Ba Aa ce c!6hpar ceMeHa or pacreHu9 c tBHl4 npl,l3Haux Ha

3a60rrBaHrt.

flp[ KopeHonnoAHlre rynlyptl, Tpt6sa Aa ce floA6epar Ha -eapfie, 3ApaBu u

no(a38aqu xapaF€pl{l4re 3a copTa KopeHonnoau 3a cbxpaHeHle npe3 3llMHl4t nepuoa'

npx Aofiara, nrlrHocrra ia nnoAa I HeroBara paHHo3penocr, Kafio I3Apaaoclo_BHoTo cbcTorH[e u erepnit Ha qrnoTo pacleHxe ca oT nhpBocTeneHHasaxHocr. Ao6pe e Aa ce [Ma npeABxA I pacrorHlero MexAy orAetHure Jlucra, Kor4Tonpa6rT ctH(a Ha nnoAa npe3 topeuuTe neTHI 4Hl4 I He fly nO3BOrrBaT Aa ce Haty(Ba.

llpt4 ntneui h At4H9 roneMhHara Ha nnoAa He e ronKoBa aaxHa. nxncara Ha rr6Hr3a6onqaaHnt x apoMara Ha nnoAa ca BaxHhre Kpxreplx 3a noA6op,

Ilpx 6o6oBxre rynTyp, noA6xpafie Ha Ao6pe rr3 exAaqrre pacreH{, or Kor.trocbbxpaMe ceMeHa. He e rpeuKa Aa ce cb6xpaT ceMefla or pacle8{s, Ko}lTo AdBatrManKh no pa3Mep H0 l.lHoro Ha 6po n.no4oBe,

Ilptl pacreH{rra, rouro o6pa3yBar q8eroHocHh crb6na creA (aro e np[(nloqrnneploAa, s-KofiTo Tlt [3nor3Bafie 3a xpaHa, IaKTO e npr ca[aTaTa u geaero e "u*roaa ce noA6epar pacrelrr, (olrro aocrlrar Ao qrqrix ersuoxno "il_*i.ro. np,noA6op Ha paHHo qloTrulx l tAIBlrAu HacrbnBaHero Ha qroTex Moxe Aa 6!AecbKpaTeHo Oqe no-Beqe npx cIeaBaqfie noKoreHur.

Apyr Baxel ernpog roiro crox npeA rpaAxlapr, roiTo cau npor3BexAa ceueHarafl e (o.q(o pacreHlr Aa 6!Aar ocraBeHx 3a ceMeHa (onTlManHoro KontqeqrBoUHAUBUA 3a Aa uoraT aa 6!traT 3ana3eHu I no{o,leHtlgTa qeHHxTe Xi4 KaqeclEa).EcrecrBeHo e Aa s3eueM peue8xe Aa noA6epeM Hai_eAp[T"-, aoOp" ,rrn""gu,rl"pacreHle, (a{To I c ra[[Ba nnoAoBe, Ho e Ao6pe Aa cr6eper ceuena u o.t Apy 1,nporsrBaql r4HTepecHq Ka\]ecTBa uHArlBltAl4 or To3li copT. flo ro3r Haq[H qe {MaMeMa(cuuarHo Korl'{ecrBo BapralTx B reHoruna, (oero qe rapaHrrpi 4o6paaAanruBHocr npu He6naronpxrrHu ycnosl4g.

TexHr,recK[ notreAHaro np[ cafiooneauJBaqrre ce pacreHtr, Karo 606, rpax, AoMar eAocrarlqHo aa ocraBlre or eaHo pacTelre. Ho aKo roaxHa cnag ,o.qr"u ia?rpara"TI:f:

cauo or ron(oaa Man.o t^HAuBuau Moxe Aa npeA!3sr(are e picre"rmo ,.n.xMopeAHa Aenpecxr', - HaManrBaHe Ha x[3HeHara crra l,l 3ary6a Ha qeHHIfionaHcK14 (alecTBa.

llpr rr(BoBrlTe Kynrypx 3a npeAnoqlraHe e Aa oruexAare noHe norosrH Ay3rHapacTeHI9 oT BCe(U COpT.

npu qapeBxqa x nyKoBu e Baxflo Aa ce cb6epar cefleHa or a!3MoxHo Hai_MHoroTHAXBXAt. Tarc qe ce rapaHrnpa noruaapraHTHocT a reHoTrna.

llllllt BxAoBe, {aro 6po(on{ HanpxMep orAerrr xui,trqecKh Beu{ecrBa, {ol4ro Heno3BonraaT onpaul8aHe or noneH nplHaanexaq Ha cbuloTo pacTe|he. flo ro3l HaqIHno ecTecTseH ce noacxrypqEa I3B!pL!EaHeTO Ha (plCTOCaHO OnpauBaHe.

B 3a(4pqeHxe rpr6Ba Aa 3Haere, qe Non(oro x uan{a Aa e Bauara rpa}4hHd BueMoxere Aa cb6epere AocrarbqHo cer€Ha 3a ce6e cM. Tp[ a"n*, "0.u, A" ai, o*ono

1,5 Kr ceMeHa, a oT eAHa canaTa ce nonyqaBar o(ono 60000 6p.

8per4e Ha cb6xpaHe.

Bpefiero Ha cb6[paHe e Apyr BaxeH 0a(Top B ce!4enpou3BoacrBoro. npenopbqlrerHoe roBa aa ce [3B!pr!Ba cnea 10']aca cyTpx8ra, (oraTo pocaTa ce e BAxrHana.

ETo figKorKo ocHoBHr.r npaBuna n0 r03[ Btnpoc:

. [hoAoBe, (oxro cbAbpxar ceMeHara B cotrHr norAoBe, Karo AoMar Ina aaxaH e ao6pe aa ce np[6xpar 3a ceMeHa, KoraTo lrroalT e neKo npeMllHar.

. CeMeHa or pacreHug, tott4To uoAoBe ce KoHclMupar 3penu, {aro rt4KBa, ArHt l4rll,lqepBeH nxnep e ao6pe aa ce 6epar eaHa ceaMrqa creA npeMxHaBaHero Ha ntoaa,

. nnoAo8€re or pacreHur, Kol,rro KoHcyMl4pare cypoBx, Karo KpacraBltqa, 6aMt,cttaaKa qapeBlqa ce ocTaBgT Ha pacreH[eTo ao HacTlnBaHe Ha nlllHa 3pr.[ocT,KOTTO HaCTbnAa O(O/IO TpH CeAM!lqX CneA neplOAa B (oXTo rl,| KoHcyMrpaTe.

. PacreH[c npr KorlTo 14 a onacHcr ceMeHara aa onaaar Ha 3eMflTa (carlara, ny{,xopKoB), Ao6pe e Aa ce npx6{pa [ocreneHHo c y3pflBaHero Ha ceMeHara.

Cn€ABaqug BaxeH MoMeHT c,'leA npu6rpaHe Ha ceMeHara e ao6para 3atoroBKa '1clxpaHeH!1e To rM 3a creABaqHl ce30H.

llogr,rcrBaHe Ha ce eflara

Ao6poro no,rxcrBaHe Ha ceMeHara e oa(Top, [o fo 6l,1 AonpuHecbn 3a rtxHoronpeana3BaHe or 6oflecTfi u Henprgrerl{. l4Ma ABa HaqllHa 3a oqllcraaHe Ha ceMerara:

. Koraro ceMeHara ca B colHl4 nnoAoBe, (a[To e npx AoMar, (pacTaBuqa h AhH9,ru(sa. og[creH[Te oT MececTllre qac ceMeHa ce nocTaBtT B cla c Boaa I ao6pece pa36bb(Bar. CreA ToBa re'lHocrra ce npeqexAa np€ qeAKa, a nolllcreHMTeceMeHa ce lr3cyuaBaT Ha cnlHqe I ce nocraBtT B xapTueHu rop6ll, Kol4ro ceHaanrcEaT.

. Koraro ceMeHara ca s cyxt't rBtpAu 06819(1,1 - Kancynl4, ulyuiynK[ ll ap., Ka[To e

npx 606, rpax, nyK, ptna, canara nnoAoBere ce cb6upar, Aon3cyuaBar ce Ha

clt,Hqe 3a o(ojlo eIHa ceaMuqa I ce opoHBaT npeMax8a]tero Ha ocrarLqlfe oTnnoaa cTaBa '{pe3 oTBgBaHe flflu cuTa c pa3nl4qeH auaMeTbp Ha orBoplTe. Ta{llBac[Ta Morar necHo aa 6!aaT lBpa6or€Hx B aoMauHll ycroBl,lc or noap]qHrli4 pexecTrl Mareplaul,|,

143cyuaBaHe fl a ce?'leHaia

TpebBa MHoro cepl.ro3Ho aa ce orHacere xbM ll3cyuaaaHero Ha ceMeHara. He Ao6pex3cyueHMTe ceMeHa recHo ry69r cBolre KaqecTBa npll chxpaHeHxe. flpx HcKoiceMeHa e Heo6xoA[Mo Aa ce [3stpuJ8a AByKpalflo l43cyuJasaHe. BeaHlx, BeaHa[acnea npx6upaHero Ha nnoAa, c qer Aoy3ptBaHe !l BTopl nlr cn€A o'{l4crBaHero MM'

Hai-o6uto (a3aHo eApure ceMeHa ce HyxAagT or no A!r!!r neplloa 3a [3cyLxaBaHecnpeMo Ape6Hxre. [!pu noBe'.]ero KynrypHx pacreHxt ll3cyuaBailero ce u3BbpuBa Ha

ctHKa, Karo u3cKnloqeH!4e npaBqr npeAcraBxrenhre Ha cefieficrBo 5060Bl1.

Ona3Bafle or 6orecrx x fienptrre,tx no ceMetara.

Ona3BaHero or 6onecln x Henprtrenr no cefteHara e or h3v oq[ferHo 3HaqeHxe,LtqecTByBaT Hq(on(o npocrx Ho MHoto ycneulHI MeToau 3a npeana3BdHe HaCeMeHaTa, npl4,loxl,ttr,tI I AOMaUHI yCnOBXt.

TperfipaHero c ropeqa soAa e recHo nprlox]f4o x eor(acho 3a npeAna3BarHe orqepHo r(openo'o Ttreie, qepH, ,l4crH! nerHa no 3efle, kor4To c" pai"reu, np,noBxueHa arfioooepHa BraxHocr, a cbqo ra{a x nprr 6aKTepxarHx:aOol,"ear,rr np,tAoMar u 6paulHecra MaHa npla cnaHaK:

. 9:1:::]j .:,1.1^Bar BlB BoAa npeaBapt4rerHo noarprra Ao 50 rpaAyca 3a o(ono.t vtliHyrv, ysepeTe ce qe leMnepaTypara He e no_Blico(a.. LreA rperxpaHe Ao6pe orqeAeHure ceueHa ce r3cyuaBar Ha cnhHqe npeAxc{naaltpaHe.

O_epxeHTaqxe - noAxoArqa 3a npeAna38aHe Ha ceMeHa or AoMar h (pacraBxqa cpeqybaKTepranHI u Fb6uqfl u 3a6ontBaHHc.

. OTAenere ceMeHara I Mececrara nnoAHa aca c noMou{a Ha ttxltqa r rl4 cMecerec Man(o BoAa B cbA npu cratHa rei{neparypa.

. CneA xgKonKo. AHx Ha noalpxHocTTa Ha cMecra ce o6pa3y8a nrHa, {oeTo eltHAlKaql4r ,{e oepfieHTaqxrra e npoTeKna,

. Ja Aa noqucrrre qHcr{ ceMeHa npoMqtTe cMecra npe3 qeA(a. 6Hl4MarenHo pacretere ceHeHara srpxy otnrbpHa xapru, t4 cyurere Ha cJItHqe.

CbrpaHrBaHe Ha cerefla

Blojrt no BaxHoqr 0afiop onpeAertq KaqecrBara Ha noty.tenure ceueHa e rrxHorocbxpaneHxe. [lo-Be\]ero ceMela or 3errelqyqu, 6uarll u qoerr ainir"ui ."o"ru(hnHreuocl,,oT Tplt Ao neT rcAult4 npu HopManHo Htlc(tl TeMnepaTypx n Hxc(aBraxHocr. O6u{HoBeHHo no-e4pxre ceMeHa ht,tar no_A!n!r x14Bor oi apeerilre. npuBcl4,.rkl4 cnyqau Bue rp96sa Aa oc[ryptre nocrorrHa reMneparypa, uru*roa, np,cbxpaHeHre, npxapyxeHa c MrHl4fiareH ragoo6uen ocragenr'r" or*pri "r.4y,ceMeHaTa qe noeua1 Bflara I xpaHlTeIHXTe EeqecTsa I Trx u]e 3anoqHar aapearrpar c ([cnopoAo or B]3Ayxa. npx

'|e{o no{aqBaHe Ha reflneparypara, ceueHaraurc noq'ar aa oraenrr BlrnepoaeH aByoKxc r,r qe reHeplpar oqe no:ee.ri ronnrna,Koero qe 3arpyAH,t ra3oo6MeHa. TonnuHara e or aaxHo 3HaqeHre 3a cbxpaHeBaHero

Ha ceMeHaTa. npenoprqBa ce cbxpaHeHreTo Ha ce{eHara Aa craaa a xaprLe"l t"ct$,,ILI'IHO OqBeteHI CTLK,IeHI OnaKOS(u 'nt (apToHeH{ [yTrt ,

BraxHocr, lt3rxuiHara BnaxHocr xoxe Aa AoBeAe Ao no8xuaBafie Ha re neparyparaI npouec[ HanoAo6rBaqx KoMnocr]1paHero. no-se,lero 3eneHqy(oBr ceMeHa cecbxpaHrBaT npu 10% BraxHocr (5o/o e onTfiuyl'|a), a Te3l4 c Bt4coKo uacreHocbAlpxaHue npu 15 %. AKo Be cre c{rypHr Aanx ceMeHara Br ca Ao6pe x3cyuehu 3anpeanoqhraHe e aa rx cbxpaHrBare B xaprueHu rop6r,r npn craira ieunejarypa. ellt0

cTr(neHlle cbAoBe $oxe aa npu6aB{re MaIKo cunttKoHoB ren B ropHaTa '{acr Hacbaa, (aTo ro oTAeIrTe oT ceMeHaTa c nnacT na y(. LlBeTbT Ha rena e [HA[KaTop 3aTOBa KO'IKO Brara Ce a6cop6l1pa oT ceMeHaTa - cl,|H ltBtT aKo ceMeHaTa ca cyxll 11

po3og (oraro ca BIaxH[. A{o He roxeTe aa cl1 Ha6aBure cuJll4l(oHoB rerl Moxe aaI3nOn3BaTe FanKO CyXO MrltKO CbC Cbllll4t eoeKr.

TeMneparypa Ha cbxpaHeHue. 3a no-Eeqero ceMeHa xAeanHara re$neparypa Ha

cbxpaHeHxe e 5 rpaayca no Uen3l4i. npx Aul-ocpoqHo cbxpaHeHle e Heo6xoal4l4oceMeHara aa 6raaT 3aflpa3eHH. KoraTo ce HyxAaere or KpaT(ocpoqHo chxpaHeHre eaocrar-brlHo aa nocraBule ceMeHaTa B cra9 aaneq oT npcKa crltHqeBa cBefruHa'

Henpxqrerh no cbxpaBtBaHure ceMeHa. 3a Aa yHxLqoxfiTe napB[Te x tiqara Ha

eBeHTyarH[ HaceKoMHl,l HenpltTejll no Ttx, crlea KaTo cTe fl4 u3cyuunr ru nocTaBereB cla 3a Aaa AHI B (aMepara Ha xtaaunHtxa. clya]T qe rll yHl4u.loxt4 eoel(TrBHocneA u3BaxaaHe ol xaMepara lgqaraite uggectto BpeMe 3a Aa ce x3paBHtrTeMnepaTypxTe oT ABeTe clpaHl! Ha cbaa npear aa ro oTBop[Te c qen npeana3BaHe oT

o6pa3ysaHero Ha KoHAeH3Ha Brara.

AHanx3 Ha KuHceMogna. qpe3 ao6po cbxpaHgBaHe 8a EauJure ceMeHa at4e Moxe aayAlnxxre xrBora lrM HtKont(o n!Tx. Ao6pe e npM AlnrorcAllllJHo chxpaHtBaHe AaTecrBare ceMeHara clt 3a K![Hte!4ocT. ToBa Moxe Aa craHe rlecHo I Aol'{auHxycnoBhg. OlAerere or 10 Ao 100 ceMeHa B 3aB[cl4Mocr or pa3Mepa HM foqHocrra Ba

xHoopMau[tra (otro rl3[are Aa nony'{t,lre. B3e$ere (BaAparHo napqe OxrlrbpHaxapTl{r? Koero pas,iepraire Ha (BaAparqera. HaEraxHere xaprltra. nocraBereceMeHara B KBaAparqerara ll xaaufire xaprunra Ha pyro. flocraBere ra(a HaBrraraxaprus crc ceMeHara I nnacr acoBa kyrl4e 3a eAHa ceaMxqa npll reMneparypa 20-25rpalyca. creA ceaMxqa n4 u3Barere, pa3Er re pynoro !l Ha 6a3a noK-b'lHa,l[T€ceMeHa Moxere aa cx 43qtlcn re npoqeHTa Ha KbtlHgefiocr HanpxMep a[o crenocraBunl4 50 ceMeHa, a ca no(bnHarlH 45, npoqeHTa Ha (brHterocr qe 6bAe 90.npor{eHT Ha (lnHgeMocr noa 60 e rHAx(arop 3a Hfic(a oepr[nHocr ]i Ble3aAtnxMTenHo rpt6Ba aa npepa3flHoxlTe re3r 3eMeHa 3a Aa onasure cbxpaHtBaHl9copr.

Ce enpoutRoAct?o np, rPaAattcKt re rytrypn

6arra - vicia faba

EaMara e eaHoroAlllHo pacreHre or ceM. 6o6oBx. Ilpox3xoxaa or paioHa Ha

CpeAx3eMBor|opxero, Hafi-noAxoAtu.lolo epeue aa le loro:acaxAaHe e or HaqanoroHa Mai Ao lonu. Ao6pe e Aa ce 3aceBar no ABe pacreH[c B rHe3Ao 3a Aa cenoTA],pxar g3auMHo.3a aa ce pasBlttl crpaHuqHu pa3MoHeH{t no crb6noro Ha

pacreHxero e Heo6xoA!1Mo Aa ce npeKlcHe BereraquoHHl49 Bplx B cpeAara Ha ce3oHa.

CeMenpo3uEoAcrEo.

::ITII " qacrltqHo cauoonpaur.aqo ce pacreHre, npr (oero e B!3MoxHo(phcrocaHo onpaulBaHe c noroqa Ha HaceKoMr4, ToBa "o*e 4" a" ,aoulnu ,rp",npocTpaHcTBeHa {3onaqnr Na pacTeHxrTa oT pa3rx!Ht, aop_"" nu

-pua_o"rr"Hr(olKo crol4H Merpa xr,r r3non3saiKn 3aqrrHx no(pl4lx9 1"p"*ry." n"p"r.,a::9TI*", nroaose ca naiao6pr :a ceu-enpor:eo4creo. ocraeire nno4o"ere gax3cbxHar Ha -pacreHuero h HanpaBere nog6op on rafi_xulr""rr" , 4o6!l-pu."rrnxHAxaxau. [3cyuere ceMeHara 3a eAHa ceaM{qa Ha cflbHqe. nJpiir r""""ruecrecrBeHa rore'xHa oqrcrBaHero or myLryr(ara e recro , a" ,ir.prJu li poau.

CtxpaHeHlle Ha ceMeHaTa.

CeMeHara 3ana3Bat caorra x[3HeHocr B npoArnxeHle Ha ulecr roAltHt4. Ao6pe e Aace crxpaflrsar Ha rblrHo lr xnaAHo B crbKneHn cbaoBe. EaHo au"" o, &*nu ,"*,oKorio eArH rpaM. 3a npeana3Ba'e or rapBu ,r ,;,ii "a

,#*o"r'.u,ip.J"i" .yrr."ceneHa 3a Aaa AHU BbB opt3ep hnx {aMepa Ha xraa}1nH|4{.

Eaitr - Hibiscus esculentus

Eaurra _e eAHoroAultHo xpacroBhAHo pacteHne, Aocrxtaqo Ha Bt3cor]rHa Ao ABa$erpa, Ilpou3xoxAa ot ETrontr. 3acaxAaHero craBa.ape3 (DcHara nporer, qpe3AhpeffiHa cexA6a I noqBara. pacreHrero e cyxoycroi,{r.rso. r-il4;; ;';;;*"._"0xbtro .qsereHr q.eroBe 3a Alnbr nepuoA o,

"p!"d. nronoaira-;;;;r;d;;"".CeMenpox3BoAcrBo.

EaM'Ta e caroonpau8aqo ce pacreHle, Ho e Bh3HoxHo r(phcrocaHo onpaujBaHe crelqll:::11il"_-:] HaceKoM,r. Tlpoqelra Ha (plcrocBaHe

".prpu oi 6i" -ii

ag"n.vr3orrBaHer' Ha xpbcrocBaHe Mexay pa3[nqHrre copro.e craBa rrp"a np*p!i.,u"rux3oraqrr - or 30 ao 500 Merpa unu qpe3 no(pxBaHe ," qr"ro""i" a iipirli, *".r,Manro npealr_Ttxroro orBaprHe. Kecrrre ce caanrr BeAHara aaea o6pa:v"ate na:l9llerara.3a cefteHa ce noA6xpar nlpBr,,re qBeroae, Ha 3ApaBruioop"

"bop""r,lrHAr.rBl,tAr4, AeuoHcrpxpaqli xapakrepHure 3a coDTa 6ere3r. nnr6unr!annoaoBere craBa (oraro re ca *jo""r"* uuri, s;;.;;;;:# ,'yrffiXt""Jil.::oTBapgT. CeMeHaTa recHo ce oTAengT o.t nnoAHlire ocraTtqI.ClxpaHeHre Ha ceueHara.

3€na3Bar x[3HeHocna cl1 B npoA]rxeiue Ha rpx roA[Hl. C]xpaHrBaf ce Ha t6MHo,cyxo Mrcro, Hai-ao6pe I crlueH cba. a e4r.u ipau.u-[oip*ur'li'i""ur..TperupaiTe,lpe3 3aMpa3rBaHe 3a ABa AHr cpeqy napBtl l4,iqa Ha HaceKoMt4.

BocxreK - Oclmum basilicum, O. gratissimum, O, sanctum & O. .anumCbulecr8yBar Ht(on{o BrAa 6ocxteK. kc

t :l-;ii! i;iffi ;ffi il:il;t'[".;lii3f;iff ":iliT;1il::,:;ffi

","#lBlraoae ce pa3lHoxaBar BererarloHo. a enhoroarulllre ceuerr"o, po4r"iii ,y elOxHa A3ur.

l1

Ce!,4enpon3BoAcrBo.

l-lseroBere Ha 6ocureKa ca oqBereH[ or 69r]0 Ao nypnypHo. Eorarx ca Ha He{Tap x cenoceqaBT or pa3ntlq8r Hac€(oMu, l(ouro rll onpauBar. npu oTlflexaaHe Ha pa3nuqHri

copro8e e Heo6xoAxl4a npocrpaHcrBeHa [3onaqllt or 50-100 uerpa. AnrepHar[8a e

no(puBaHero c npeana3Hr Mpexl Ha pacTeH[9Ta of pa3n]iqHll copToBe. Mpexlre ceMaxar no rpaoux x copT 3a aa oraf pacrefilrtTa Aa 6baaT onpaueHx oT HaceKoMure'CeMeHara y3ptBar no eranHo, or rope Ha Aotly no q8eroHocHoro crb6no. L$ortqurefi!6ta ce npt{6[pa1, Konro AonHxre ceMeHHll (ancynl 3anoqBar Aa craBar Kao9Bu

Ha qBrT. crb6naTa c qEeToB€Te ce r3cyuaBar Ha ceHqecTo, cyxo t'l npoBerprBo Mecro

Cnea r3cyujaBaHe ce opoHBar x npecqBar npe3 curo 3a ao[3ql4cTBaHe.

CrxpaHeHle Ha ceMeHara.

3ana3Bar xr3HeHocrta cl4 B npoAbrxeHre Ha ner toAl4Hl'|. CbxpaHqgar ce Ha rtllHo,xnaaHo 14 cyxo l"ltcTo B xaprueHr lop6u mu cr!(neH[ cbaoBe. B eA{H rpaM ce

clalpxar 600 ce eHa.

fpax - Pisum sativum

B ce[A6oo6opora rpaxa e oco6eHHo noAxoAtul Aa 3ae$e gcroro ocTaaeHo or3enes[Te Kynryp[. 3aciBa ce npe3 npor]erra qpe3 allpeKTHa ceua6a' rpaxlr e

eaoloar,ruHa ry,lrypa or ceMeicr8o Eo6oB[. n]pBl'l'lHrltr My qeHTtp Ha npo[3xoa e

Oro-3anaAHa A3u9. He noHact Bl,tco{l4Te rlerHx reMneparypl4.

CeMenpouiBoAcrBo..

fpaxlr e caMoonpaulBaqa ce Kynrypa, Ho e B-b3Moxtlo Aa ce KplcToca c apytl'lcoproBe oT Bl4aa c noMoqa Ha Hace(oMl'|. 3a aa x36erueTe roBa Bo'll4paiTenpeacraBxreruTe Ha pa3nuqHll copToBe qpe3 npocTpaHcrBeHa u3orau[t llnu[snbrseafixu 3aqxrHx l4pex!l. 3a cb6xpaHe Ha ce$ena noa6epere ao6pe pa38[TnpacreHus, (ouro o6pa3yBar MatlKo n[fia. Koraro nloAoBere AocrurHar 0a3a Ha

bpu"" t" *o"ay"",lr", uapxupafire re3[ or l(ol4ro qe cb6fipare cefleHa oTrlcHerennoaoBere (oraTo 3anoqHaT Aa nolbl'lh!8aT. l43cyuieTe r[ 3a eaHa ceafihqa Ha cnlHue3a Aa Aoy3petr ceMeHara. O'll4cTere cereHara or nnoAHara o6BlBKa Ha pt(a !l rlorBeiTe 3a npeMaxgaHe Ha ocrarlqhTe or tllyuyn(aTa. 3a npeana3BaHe oT napBu l'l

qfiua Ha HaceKofil SaMpa3ere cyxlre ceMeHa 3a aBa AHl, nocraB'lKt rl'i B

nnacTflacoBa (yTxt B xnaAhnHIK.

CrxpaHeHue Ha ceMeHara.

fpaxoBxre ce$eHa 3ana3Bar xll3HeHocr B npoAbnxeHlle Ha rpx roAHHx, cbxpaHtBaHu

Ha xnaaHo l,l cyxo Mtcro 3a npeanoquraHe B crbKreHr chaoBe B ealH rpal,l ce

cb,qlpxaT 5 ceMeHa.

Ax}lr - Citrulus lanatusl4

EAHoroAuutHo pacreHue or ceMeicrBo Tx(BoBu, npo[3xoxAaqo of AOpu(a.

CeMenpol,|3BoAcrBo.

AxHrra e eAHoAoMho? KptcrocaHo onpaujBaqo ce pacreHne (o6pa3yBa oraenHoMtxKrl Ir xeHcKt4 uBero8e), OpauBaHero ce ocbtqecrBrBa or nqent.3a Aa ce r36erHeKplcrocKara fiexAy pa3rxqB{ coproBe e Heo6xoAr4t,to Aa ce ocuryplt npocrpaHcrBeHafi3onaqut or 400 r.lerpa MexAy rex, AnrepHaru8a Ha roBa e plqHoro onpauJBaHe. Toce ocbqecrBrBa no cbt{l4r HaqlH, Kafio I npu KpacraBlqara. f]poqeHra HaonpaurBaHe ce ABl,|xll B rpdHHqara Ha 50 _ 75 o/o. 3a o rypr8aHe reHerri,]Hopa3Hoo6pa3xe B ceMeHala e Heo6xoA[ o Aa ce pa6orx c 12 - 20 pacreHx, or copr.CeMeHara ca y,pen'n, (oraro onaurqfiqara B AonHara qacr Ha AlHrra craHe (a(pe'a ,t3acbxHe. CneA orKbc8aHe ocraBere nroAa 3a Aoy3prBaHe B npoArnxeHle Ha eaHaceAMxqa, CreA pa3pr3BaHero My ceMeHara ce r3BaxAar lecHo c p!(a. llpoMllBar ce cqi4cra BoAa r ce cyujar 3a oKoro eAHa ceAMrqa Ha crHKa Blpxy OxnrbpHa xaprlr.

ClxpaHgaaHe Ha ceMe8ara.

3ana38ar xt3HeHocna fi B npoAlrxeHr4e Ha ner ro,qlHfi. CbxpaHr8ar ce Ha cyxo,xraAHo r,trcro I xaprueH, Top6t. B eAuH rpaM ce chArpxar 6 ceMeHa.

Ao}lar - Lycopersicon lycopersicum

AoJ4arbr e norelqllarBo MHo[oroiq]1ujHo pacTeuxe 3a pafionfiTe c rpon[qen rrtrluar,(!ero ce orrnexaa (aro eAHoroArLrHo B yfiepeH,'r norc. I]pxHaarexu Ha ceueicraoKaproooB{. flpor.t3xoxAa ot loxHa AMepu(a.

Cefienpo[3BoAcrso,

loyll " ca oonpausaqo ce pacreHre. np[ crapure, rpaAull{oHHl4 coDToae e::::^"y.1::"T:l npoqeHr Ha rpbcrocBaHe. npu rrx 6rn3bnqero lxercxrr oprar,KOXTO nplelra noneHa) e no-Atnbr oT Tl4qIHKaTa (rrxrtn oprat, (orTo orAaBanoneHa). 3a Aa ce [36erHe KplcTocaHoro onpauBaHe norpuaaite pacreHhrra cnpeAna3lr Mpexl. 3a cerenpolt3BoAcrBo. ocrasrire caMo 3Apjefi, ao6pe nrrnex4aqrapacreHuc, MapKxpaile rr ,1 Ha6noAasaire 3a HanaAeHla, dr Ooneari ,

""nprr.un,npe3 Beleraqfir. Cnoxere npeAna3Hara l4pexa B neploAa Ha qlorexa. OrxrcterennoAoBere Koraro ca Ao6pe y3penx, O6eiere (oxxqara r npecoeaiie uececrara vacr3aeAHo cbc ceMeHara. llocrasere cMefia s cr.bKreH slA lr Aoleire MarKo BoAa.oc-raBere 3a Hr(orr(o aHli aa OepMeHThpa. fo.aro no noarpxxocni ,u a"uarrru a"oopa3y8a nrHa rosa e [HA[(aqur, qe npoqecbr e npeMxHan. npoMxile ceMefldra c

l5

g[CTa BOAa, KarO rU U3ClneTe B qeAKa, nOrUCTeHl|Te CeMeHa nOCTaBere Ha cr8Ka,Btpxy ounrapHa xapr[r aa cbxHaT 3a o(oro eaHa ceaMrlqa. A(o cb6[pare ceMexa oTHe(onKo copTa eaHoBpeMeHHo, rapKfipafire ru 3a Aa He ce o6rpKare.

ClxpaHeHue Ha cefi eHara,

3ana3Bar xx3fleHocfia cl,| B npoA]rxeHne Ha qerupr roAlHlt. C]xpaHtBafiTe Ha cyxo,xnaaHo Mgcro a xaprl1eHll Top6u. B eaxH rpa ce cbarpxar 400 ce eHa.

3ere - Brassica oleracea var, capitata

PoaxHa Ha 3enelo e loroxcroqHa EBpona, To e AByroauujHo pacreHlle or ceMeficrBo3eneBh.

CeMenpor3BoAcrBo.

3enero e (prcrocaHoonpaur8aulo ce pacreHfie, OnpauBaHero ce r3BtpuBa 0rHaceKoMx. KplcTocBa ce c apyrMTe npeacraBllrero Ha Euaa Brassica oleracea(6poKonfi, 6ppKcencKo 3ere, ana6aui, Kapofior).3a aa He ce noty'rl Kp-bcrocBaHeTpc6Ba aa ce ocxryplr npocrpaHqrBeHa r3otaqr9 Mexay Ttx x oTAenH[Te copToBe oTH!(OIKO CTOTrls eTpa (700 - 800). AnTepHar[8a Ha ToBa e u3nor]3BaHeTo Ha

l13onauuoHH( Mpex!!. LlBeToBere Ha 3eneTo oTAentT xl,lM{qecKl BeqecTBa, (ol|To He

no3BongBaT noreH or cbr4oTo pacreHue aa x3Bbplll{ onnoxaaHero 3a ToBa Tpt6Ba aapa3nonalaTe c MhHr4MyM uecl pacreH[t 3a ceMenpou3soaclgo. l436epere 3apaB[,Ao6pe u3rnexAaqlr pacTeH[r. B paioHlt cbc cryAeHu 3l1l.,ll1 rfi noKpl4iTe cbc c,lafia.AKo 3rMara e Hexa l4Ha onacHocr qBeroHocHl,lre crb6na aa ce notBtBar oule roraga'Tlpt4 raKlB cryqai ru orcrpaHere. Xx3HeHr, Ao6pe pa3slrl1 c€Me8a ce nonyqaBarcaMo oT nonyqeHure npe3 nponerta qBeroBe, ao6pe e aa pa3pexeTe Ha (p!croclaBeHrTe 3a ceMeHa 3erKl4 3a aa yttecHrTe npopacrBaHeTo Ha qBeroHocHl4te cTb6na.cneA npeqlorrBa}]e u ooopMeHe Ha nnoAa (uyuryr(a) ce orKlcBar qBToaere cuaeToHocHl4Te grb6ua. He ce '{aKa n}rHoTo y3ptBaHe Ha ceMeHaTa 3auloTo l,ll'laonacHoT oT o(anBaHelo rM, ocraBtr ce 8a cyxo ceHqecro l,ltcTo 3a aoy3ptBaHe IcyueHe. nnoaoBere ce HarpouaBal Ha p!(a. ceM€HaTa ce noqxcrBaT qpe3 oTBtBaHerrlt4 flpecrBaHe np€ cl.lTo, no cbl4xl HaquH ce ochqecrB8tBa ceMenpor3EoacTEoro !lnpI apyrxre npeacTaBlrrenx Ha slaa (6poKon!, ana6aul,6po(cercxo 3efle, Kapoxon).

ClxpaHeHue Ha ceueHara.

3ana3Bar xu3HeHocrra clt B npoalnxeHue Ha qerllpr roAllHx. ClxpaHtgar ce Ha cyxo,xnaaHo MrcTo B xapT[eHH rop6x. B eaxH rpaM ce cbAtpxaT 250 ce eHa'

Konrp - Anethum graveolens

Konlpbr e ealroroArlLuHo pacreHxe or ceMeficrBo CeHHxKoLlBerHu. llpox3xoxAa 0TCpeAHa A3xt u ly'HAur.3acx{a ce paHo Ha nponer, {oralo onacHocna 0T craHh llu3Mp!3BaHe e npeMl1Ha,la. ceMeHaTa recHo ce oTpoHBar x Konlpa ce caMGacaxaa

I

,l

CeMenpol43soAcroo,

Konlptr e KptcrocHoonpauBHo or Hace{oMl.4 pacreHhe. Ao(onKoro HtMapa3Hoo6pa3re or coproBe npx He.o, a r ro He uoxe aa ce (pbcToca c apyrxnpeaclaExTen{ Ha Heroaoro ceMe crBo HgMa onacHocr or 3ary6a Ha Kaqecrsara My'OTlGcaaHero 8a cbqBerrttra crala nocrefleHHo c HacrtnBaHe Ha y3plBaHero xM({oraro npxAo6[rr cBerno Ka09B qBtr). l43cyuaBaHero craBa Ha c9Hxa. CneA!43CbXBaHe CeMeHaTa Ce OTAe[tr necHo qpe3 xcrplcKgaHe. noqlcrBaHeTo I craBaqpe3 c[Ta,

CtxpaHeHle Ha ceMeHara,

CereHala 3ana3Bar xr3HeHocrra cll B llpoAlnxeHxe Ba rprl roatlHl4. ClxpaHtBar ceHa cyxo l{ xnaaHo Mrcro B xapTneHx rop6l. B eallH rpaM ce cbatpxaT 900 ceMeHa

KpacraBxqa - Cucumis sativum

Kpacragxqara e eaoroaxtilHo paacreHle or ceMefrcrBo TxKBoBl4 npou3xoxAa orce8epHxre paioHx Ha l4HAr.{e.

CeMenpoh3BoacrBo,

KpacraBuqan e KpbcrocaHoonpauBaqo ce pacreHxe, (oero o6pa3y8a eAHonoroBl4qBeroBe (MrxK{ r xeHcKx), pa3nonoxeHu Blpxy eaHo x cbl.qo pacTeHxe.3a ona3BaHecopTo8aTa q[fiora e Heo6xoax a npocTpaHcT8eHa ll3oraq!|9 oT MxHl4MyM 500 MeTpaMexAy pa3n['J8xTe coproBe. AnTepHaTxBa l{a ToBa e pLqHoro onpauJBaHe 8aq8eToBere. tlpl4 Hero ce [enu KollTponupaHoro npeHactHe Ha noreHa x u36trBaHeKplcToc8aHero Mexay pa3nuqHu copToBe. ocbqecrBtBa ce necHo I crleaHaranocneaoBare,lH0cr:

. PaHo cyrpr'rH ce noA6[par i|lxt(rre I xeHcKl4 qBeroBe c Kol,lro qe ce pa6or[. TeTpr6Ba Aa ca 3arBopeHx. nprBtp3Bar ce c noMoqa Ha KoHeq lltl'l rlacruK B ropHaraqacT,

. Ha c eAsaqara c).rpxH 3anortHere c MlxKrre uBeroBe. OrBlpxeie qBera uorKlcHere cftn6qero c l, tnHKl4Te. OTBlpxere cnea roBa noa6paH xeHcxll tlBtr.OrbpKafiTe B 6nx3aflqero Ha qBera orKbcHaroro crlnoqe c r[ql4H(ure. 3a AaynoAo6[re nprpoAara xsnott3BaiTe H9(onKo !l!xl(l'l LlBgla or pa3nxr']Hlt pacreHul3a onpauBaHeTo Ha eallH xeHcKx.

. CneA npul(nto'rBaHe Ha MaHxnynaql!fia orHoBo npxBlpxefe xeHcKxt qBtr.MapKlpaiTe ro c ra6et(a, nplBrp3aHa Ha Aptxxara.

llpoqecbr Ha pbq8o onpauBaHe ce npruara npr Bcl4'{Kl4 npeAcraBxrenx Ha ce eicr8oTx(BoBq (KpacraBrqa, TuKBa, ArHt u nueu).3a aa ce nory'lar ceMeHa c 6oraroreHerlqecKo pa3Hoo6pa3xe 3a ceMenpor3BoacrBo rpt6Ea aa pa3nonarare c 12 - 20pacreHtt 0T copr.

I

I

l6

CeMehara ce-npMoxpar Kolaro nnoA]T npxAoblle xbnreHx(a8o_KaorB qB9r. CneAoTKrcBaHe o6ereTe {opara, CMaqKaire MececTara,.tacT 3aeAHo cbc ;;MeHaTa.CMecere t c MarKo aoAa 8 crLKteH cbA l,t , ocTaEere Aa OepMeHTupa. Crea flrKo.flKoaHt,l no noBlpxHocrTa Ha cMecTTa ce o6pa3yBa nrHa, (orTo e rHAxKaTop qg npoqecbTe npeH[Han. flpofixiTe ceMeHaTa c qtcTa 8oAa. BHuMaTenHo ar, pacren"re, o'aru""r"Aa chxHar Brpxy OhnrapHa xaprus 3a oKono 10 gtl. Oepuetiaqurra ute ynrrqoxteBeHlyatHure Henp{tTefl[ no ceMeNaTa.

CtxpaHeHIe Ha celteHara.

3ana3Bar x[3HeHocna cr B npoAtrxeHle Ha qerrptl roAtiHl.t. CtxpaHsBar ce Ha cyxox xralHo Mrcro B xaprreHh rop6l'. g eAxH rpaM ce cr,Arpxar 40 ceueHa.

tyx - Allium cepa

tlyftT e AByroAxutHo pacreHre or ceMeicrBo ,lfftxeBu. flpou3xoxAa or loxHrre,lacrrHa Pyctns v ApaH,

Ceuenpol,|3BoAcrBo.

nyKbT qlotu Ha BTopara roalHa or pa3Blrrrero cH. npe3 nlp8ara roArHa Ha eAHo Icbr{o MrcTo MoraT aa 6.baaT oTr4exaaHt Hfl(olt(o pa3rllqHx copra. 3a aa e crrypHacoprooara q,ncrora Ha Bropara roaxHa npocrpancrBerara rcoriqrr "ex4ypa3nuqH[re coproBe rpr6Ba Aa e Hax-rarKo 400 rerpa, ArlrepHarlBa Ha roBa e

i:?iill*. c noMoqa Ha Mpexecrl r{oHcrpyKrlru. 3a :anaseaHe Ha coproBere eHeooxoAt4Mo Aa ce orrlexAar MlHuMyia 20 pacreri[, or copr. ny{!T o6pa3yBaaBynonoBx qBeToBe, HO np[ Hero He i{oxe aa nporege cauoonpaureane, :aqoroTltgt4HKrre r nnoAHl4{a ce pa3BrBar no pa3n[liHo BpeMe, OnpaueaHero c" r:ropr"uoT HaceKoMl,| l4rlt p}'lHo, c noMoqa Ha Me(a qeT[a ce npe"ua, none" o,,1"", ti q"rr.3a- cefierpor3Boasroo ce u36!1par 3apaBx, ao6pe obop""", nv*o"r,li, *orro

""3acrBar npe3 nponerra 8a Bropara roAxHa, l-lBeroBere Ha ny*a ce paj"raar "opryBllcol(r,t Ao ABa Merpa qaeroHocHl4 crb6na. LlBeroBere y3prBar'HepaaHoMepHo r 3a AaHe ce !13poHtr ceMeHara ce Hanara aa 6rAar npu6[paHx nepxoar;Ho, [oraronpxAo6xrr (aQeHh{aoa orpacxa. Ilpx6paH[re qaero"e ce ,aayriu":i

"a-'arn*u ,npoAr,lxeHre Ha eaHa ceaMuqa, crea Koefo ce opoHBaT p!9HO I npecrear npes curo.

ClxpaHeHue Ha ceMeHara.

_c-"I:r-?.lj ny-(a ca Ape6Hr, qepH[ Ha qBrr. 3ana3Bar x[3HeHocrra c{ ca{o Aser0ar4Hr4. Hat-aoope e Aa ce cbxpaHrBar Ha cyxo, xnaAHo M'CTO B CTbt(JleHU CbaoBeln[ xapr{eHx rop6u. B eAxH rpaM ce cbAlpxar 250 ceueHa.

MarAaH03 - Petroselinum crispum

Ma[AaHo3]T e AByroAuluHo pacreHre No Moxe Aa o6pa3yBa qBeroHocHo crb6no ou{eHa nrpBara [oAUHa. CeMeHara My ce 3acaxAar Ha nporrer, 143[cKBar oKo.Qo AsaAecer

aH[ 3a npopacTaaHe. [lpeanoqxTa 6oraTx Ha xpaHxTenH{ BeqecrBa no'rBu. PoauHaraMy e CpeAu3eilfloMoPuero.

CeMenpoll3BoAcrBo.

OnpausaHelo e KplcrocaHo c nofioqa Ha HaceKoMl'i. Pa3'll'l'lHxre coproBe(orrnexaasr 3a KopeH lnu rlqra) rlecHo ce KplcrocBar.3a Aa ce v36erHe roBa He

rpr6Ba Aa ce olrnexAal pa3nuqHl,l coproBe Ha eAHo 14 cbulo Mtcro' 3a Aa noAo6pllrecopra, (o To orrnexaaTe noa6upaf,re ceMeHa oT Hafi-ao6pe pa3Butlne ce pacTeHllc'l-lseroBere Ha MarAaso3a ca Ape6Hu, 6en[ 14 o6pa3yBar cbqgerlc rur ceHH]'l('pa3nonoxefill Ha qBeroHocHo crh6ro aocruraqo sucoquHa ealH Merbp oTAerH{Tea"qr"rr" ," yap""aa apyxHo. 3a roBa rx cb6xpafire nepfioan'lHo' (oraro nptlao6ntrKaOeHx(aB qBtr, l&cyuere l-t,l 3a eAHa ceAMuqa Ha ctHKa. CeMeHara ce orAercrnecHo 'rpe3 oTplcKBaHe M ce aooq14crsaT qp€ npeccBaHe chc cllTa unx oTBtsaHe_

CrxpaHeHxe Ba ce$eHara.

3ana3Bar xti3HeHocrra cH B npoAlnxeHMe Ha eAHa Ao rpM roAMHl'|, cbxpaHtBaH't Ha

cyxo 14 xnaaHo Mtcro B xaprueHtl rop6i4 B earlH rpaM ce cbarpxar 200 cefieHa'

Mopl(oa - Daucus carota

Mop(oslT e pacreHle or ce e crso CeHHx(oqBerHu. nprcxoxaa or EBpona u CpeAHa

A3u9, KbAero ce cpeqar HeloBll Al'18t, oop}|u.

CeMenpo[3BoAcrBo.

MopKoBlr o6pa3yBa ABynonos[ qBerose, Ho rt4ilHHKl'lTe u nnoAHuKa y3ptBar nopa3nr'lHo BpeMe 3a roBa caMoonpaulBaHeTo e HeB!3lloxHo. KplcrocaHoTo onpauBaHece l13B!pl!Ba c noMoqa Ha HaceKoil[.3a ona3aaHe r]rcTorara Ba coproBeTe' Kouro ce

ormexaal e Heo6xoallMa npocTpaHcrBeHa l€onaqllt or eahH Kllnoflerlp'ArrepHarrBa e ochryptBaHero Ha [3onaqrc irexAy pa3nxqHnre coproBe qpe3

MpexoBa (oHopyKtlllt. llopKoBlr e AByroa|'llllHo pacTeHlle, (oero qloTx Ha EropararoauHa oT pa3s[TreTo Cl4.3a Ceflenpox3goAcr8o npe3 npolerra Ba BTopara roarHa,c|eA npeMlHaBaHe onacHocrra oT [3Mp!3BaHe ce 3actBal 3apaBx, ao6pe pa3Bxrl4

KOpeHOnnoAti nony'leHI npe3 ntpBara roaxHa. Te ca cbxpaH€Hu npe3 3nuara B ntcbK'npu reMneparypa eaxH rpaayc t4 BsaxHocr 90-95 o/0. l'lpe3 'ltroro

pacreHucrao6pa3yBar no Ht(olll(o qBeroHocHll crb6na. ClqBerxero e ceHHr( 14 Ka{To npuqetuHara TyK xMafie chqgeTre oT nlpBti l1 Eropu noptabK l_lBeroBere ca ape6Hu I6enu Ha qsqr. 3a npeanoqlraHe e aa ce cb6xpar ceMeHa or cbqBertlt or nlpBllnoprarK? (ohTo ca c no-El,lcoKo Ka'lecrBo. llph ao6pa roarHa eaHo pacreHlle $oxe aa

AaAe Ao 120 rpaMa ceMeHa. [lpu nltHo y3ptsaHe uMa onacnocr ceMeHara Aa 3anoqHar

Aa ce opoHgaT,3a TOBa ClqBeTrqra ce npx6xpar (oraTo apbxKrre llM ca oqe 3eneHu

a Te 3anoqBar aa craBar KaoeB!|. npi46t4paHeTo craBa no eranHo chc y3ptBaHelo !{M'

l43cyuaBar ce 3a ABe ceAMllLlt4 Ha npoBerpxBo/ ceHqefio lltcro, npe3 Koero BpeMe

ce eHara aoy3ptBaT, opoHBar ce Ha pb(a u ce npectBaf npe3 cxTo 3a aoorll4crBaHe'

l8t9

ClxpaHeHhe Ha ceMeHara,

3ana3aar xx3HeHocrra cx B npoAltxeHre H a rph roAu u np[ cbxpaHeHhe Ha x[aAHo,rluno h cyxo Mrcro B xaprxelh rop6h. B egxl rpau * *aip*_ iooo i""anu,narraAxaH - Solanum melongena, S. macrocarpum & S, aethiopicumnarnaAxarlT e MHoroToAt4ujHo pacreHue!T ceMeicrBo KaproooBn, (oero B yMepeHrrnorc ce orrrex4a (aro eAoroAr.llHo. npor3xoxAa or'f,lrar" 'gi--pu-a;r,;r"ro

a,M3r4c(Ba ronlr Knrillar h npoabrxhrerHo Jrrro 3a aa y3pee , oop""yra -a",ur".

crn"oqyBcrarfieneH e Klu x3r,lp!3'aHe. orrnexaa ce,ipej npelsap,ire;Hi nolioio"*u "upa3caA, KoiTo ce t3Hacr HaglH (olaro rer{neparypara gocrurr.re 4aun"aaiipugvaa.

CeMenpo[3BoAcrBo.

l-"::1ry:l- e caMoonpaurBaulo ce pacreHue, Ho 6naroApeHre Ha HaceKoMrre ce:::l:l:lt n3BecreH npoqeHr Ha (plcroco-aHe. :a aa ce uaoerne io"i-rJnrpulr"lill-rlr]" coproBe c npeana3Hx Mpexx. Apyr

"avn" r',u ,:onaqrr'e i.nii.r"".roHa xapTueH! KeCHI, |(OTO Ce nocTaarT

npeMaxBar . oopu.y.u"".o,a nil;. T,i,ltdff::.i:"fl :,:;Ti".'il"'SrTj#""J.i:I3OnaqIr, M14HrManHoTo pacTofl HUe M(orae c!o' Merpa. 3a ;;;# ;;fi ;:TJi:,13XT#jJ"T:T#;iei|."UffiXT,i:pacreHxr, cneA Karo ca npe3penl u ca HeroaHr4 3a (oncyMaaqlr. npeiapalrennoaoBere npe3 npeca urr MaurHKa 3a Meco. cefieHara i" 6in"n'ri oi l,".u"r.ruqacT qpe3 npoMnBKa c BoAa. l43cyujecsxpa,raea;re a x-prr"* i"oor."'*"" ru Ha ctHKa Btpxy Qt4nrbpHa xaprrt I rr

ClxpaHtBafle Ha ce eHala.

Xx3HeHocrra Ha ceMeHara ce 3ana3Ba B npoAtnxeHue Ha ner roAoHr Ha cyxo 14xnaAHo r4tcTo,3a no npoatnxxTenHo cbxpaHrBaHe ce Na4ata t3non3BaHe Ha HXCK,!reHneparypx. I eAuH rpaM ce cbArpxar 200 ceMeHa.

Ilrlnep - Capsicum arnum

nrneprr e- eAHoroArulHo pacreHne or ce'eicr,o Kaprooo'r,. 'por43xoxAa

orIvleKcr(o I lOxHa AMepxka,

CeMenpox3BoAcrso.

nxneprr o6pa3ysa _6enx ABynono8[ q8eroBe. OcooeHHo e qyBcrBxreneH Ha pe3(uTeuneparypHr4 Kore6aHrr. A(o reunepaTypxre npe3 Hoqa ca isrpae Bxco,([ i,iaa zgrpaAyca) h'l,r rBlpAe Hrcrx (noa 5 rpaayca) q""ro""r" o*#r.r. hrni,pr,

"ca$oonpauBa.4o ce pacre're, Ho e B!3MoxHo 14 {prcrocaHo onpauJBaHe, *Jeio "o*uAa aocrr4rue ao 80 yo. floneHbr or nortlBrre

_coploae e AoMxHup"q , ,a*rri *yrur.3a Aa ce-ona3rn coproBara qucTora e Heo6xoarMa ";".;p;;;;;; -;;;;;r"

",l4l.rHr4MyM 200 Merpa. AnrepHar{BHo pacreHrrra uorar 4a ce rconrpar c no"o,au ,u20

noKpuBHa r4pexecTa KoHcrpy(u{9. AKo ce pa6orx c Man(o ua 6poi pacellr lorar 4a6bAar u3non3BaBu xaprxeH[ Top6t{ c (ollTo ce noKpl4Bar qlort0lfie lacrll 3a o(o/loeAHa ceAMxqa. He rpt6Ba Aa ce 3a6pa8t Aa 6t4ar uaprlpaxu ntoAoBere o6pa3yBaHtlnpe3 To3[ nepxoa, cavo re ce npM6upar 3a ceMeHa. l43onaqut Ha oTAenHx pacTeHulMoxe Aa ce ocbqecr8rl 14 c noMoqa Ha napqela npeana3Ha Mpexa Ct6upaHero Ha

ceMeHa e necHo. Koraro nloAosere y3pe9T Te ce onGcBar u c noMoqa Ha Hoxrqa cecpq3Ba ropHara qacT [bM aplxKara, KotTo ce u3aaxaa 3aeaHo cbc ceMeHaTa. Koraroce pa6ortl c nlornBx coproBe roBa Aa craBa B npoBerpuBt no$eqeHut 3a Aa ce

rc6erHe Apa3HeHero Ha oqfie. CeueHara Ha nunepa ca ouBereHu B KpeMaBo. xurrol,rrl4 qepHo, cyuaT ce 3a oKo4o 24,{aca.

ClxpaHeH{e Ha ceMe8ara.

3ana3Bat xu3HeHocrra cu B npoAlnxeHlie Ha 'lerhpr_ner roAl4Hll fia cyxo, TbMHo xxraaHo r{icro. C}xpaHeBar ce B xapr[eHu rop6[. B eal4H rpaM ce cbalpxar 150-200ceMeHa I3aBxcl4MOCT OT Copra.

npa3 - Allium ampwloprasum var. porum

npa3lr e aByroAlutHo pacreHlle or ceMeficrBo nxnxeBu. npo[3xoxaa or loxHaEBpona u 3anaAHa A3xt, ClqecrByBar ABe OopMfi Ha npa3a llpx eaHara B (pat Ha

sereraqrr ce o6pa3yBar MHoxecrBo Man{u rly(oBl1Llll x npl Heg pa3MHOXaBaHerO eBereraruBHo. npu Apytara ce o6pa3Bar qBeroBe I pa3MHoxaBaHero e norloB0.

Ce enpou3BoAcrBo,

npa$T o6pa3yBa ABynoro8tl qBeroBe, pa3flonoxeH[ 8!pxy BllcoKl4 ao 1,2 $erpaqBeroHoo{'r crb6na, (ol,|ro ce o6pa3yBar npe3 Blopara roAxHa or Bereraqlltra !4y.

Pa3MHoxaBa ce 'tpe3 (plcrocaHo onpaugaHe. l-FOTexa npoabnxga oKojlo '{erupl'{ceAMxrtx. Onpa[Eaxero ce r3BbpuBa c FoMoqa Ha HaceKoMl't. CaMoonpauBaHero elt3loloqeHo, nopaa[ roga, qe nrloaHl4Ka u noneHa ce pa3BrBaT no pa3n{qHo Bpe$e.Pa3n{qflrre copro8e npa3 ce KplctocBar x 3a Aa ce u36erHe roBa e Heo6xoanManpocrpaHcrBeHa x3onaqxt Mexny rtx or 400-1000 r'{erpa. AnrepHart4Ba enoKp{BaHero c Mpexx? a onpauiBaHeTo ce r3BlplllBa plqHo, qpe3 npeHac9He llanoneH oT uBtr Ha qEtT c noMoua Ha ileKa qerKa. Heo6xoal'll'10 e aa ce olrrlexaarut4Hl,lrlyll ABaaeceT pacTeHtlg oT copT 3a nory'{aBaH€ Ha raqecrBeH[ ceMeHa'ceMeflara Ha npa3a ca ape6H!t, qepHu Ha qBtr. tlpt46xpar ce flpu nlttHo orBapeHe Ha

qBeroBefe, Koraro ce Bllxaar Bege ooopMeHure ceMeHa. clqBerugra ce r3clulaBar 3a

eAHa ceaMxqa Ha ctHxa. cnea ToBa ceMeHara ce oTalBar l,ljll4 ce npectBar npe3 cl4To

3a aoolt[crBaHe. [lp[tll{qaf ra ceMeHaTa or ny(, Ho ca no-ape6Hu !l br,loBaru.

CbxpaHeHxe Ha ceMeHara.

3ana3Bar xx3HeHocrra cn B npoAlnxeHle Ha rpll roAtlHl4. CbxpaHsBar ce Ha xnaAHo,

cyxo rlrcTo, B xaprxeHx rop6x. B eAl4H rpaM ce cbalpxar 400 cefieHa.

nDneu - Cucumis melon2t

nlneulr e eAHoroAnuHo pacreHxe or ceMeficrBo Tu(BoBl4. npot3xoxla orLleHrpanHa A3hr.

CeMenpou3Boacr8o.

flbneuilr e eAHoAo$Ho, Kprfioca|oonpauBaulo ce pacreH{e (o6pa3ysa orAenHoMbxrl4,| xeHcKt4 qBeIoBe). onpaulBa ce oI nqenl4. B!3MoxeH e u [3BecTeH npoqeHraHa coMoonpaujEaHe. 3a l436tIAaHe xprcTocBaHe1o Mexay pa3n[qH[Te copToBe eHeo6xoAr4i4a npocrpaHcrBeHa l3oraqrr or 400 _ 100d r,lerpa, Anreplirraa eocbqecrgt8aHero Ha plqHo onpauBaHe, raKa KaKTo e oflrcaH npl KpacraBrqara. 3anotyqaBaHe Ha ce$eHa c 6oraro reHerh.lHo pa3Hoo6pa3xe e Heo6xoAnMo Aa cepa6oTu c 10 - 12 pagreHtt or copr. OfKlcHere nnoAa npu y3prBaHe. OcraBe1e ro 3aoqe eAHa ceAfir{a 3a Aa Aoy3perr cereHara. pa3pexete nnoAa u u3BaAere ceMeHarac pua, tl3MxiTe [u c itucra SoAa I ru ocrasere Aa cbxHar Ha npoBerpltBo x ceHliecror{rcro Brpxy ol,lnrhpHa xaprrn 3a eAHa ceAMrua.

CbxpaHeHxe Ha ceMeHala.

3ana3Bar xu3HeHocrra ch B npoAlrxeH{e Ha ner [oA{Ht4. C}xpaHsBar ce Ha cyxo ,txnaAHo Mrcro B xapTxeHu Top6x_ B eAuH rpaM ce cbAlpxar 30 - 40 ceMeHa.

Prna - Raghanus sativus

llT-t1ll"]:"r" orpoMHo pa3Hoo6pa3xe no orHoueHl,le Ha roneMrHa, qBrTl, OopMa.LbuleflByBar eAHotoAt4ulHx (penxq(x) ll AByroAll!Hx $opr,ll (sraftra prna).PacreHr4ero e npeAcraBfien Ha ceMeicrBo Kpbcroq8er8li, l4t4a 4- q""a"pu

"unpou:xb4 lOxla EBpona x l4fioqHa A3xr_

CeMenpor3aoacrao.

Ptnara e KplgrocaHoonpauBaqo ce pacreHHe npl4 {oero cauoonpauBaHero eHeBr3MoxHo, nopaAlt orAenrHero Ha x!lMrqecKll BeL{ecrBa 6noKupaqh pa3Brrlero HanoreHa or eAHo x cbt{o pacreHle. 3a noryqaBaHe ha ceMeHa e Heo6xoAxMoHanrquero Ha floaeqe or eAHo pacreHxe. OnpauBaHero ce l,l3a!puBa or HaceKoM14.3aona3BaHe Ha coproBara {}1fiora e Heo6xoAxHa npocrpaHcr8eHa rj3onaqra or noHe700 Merpa, Moxe Aa ce r3non3Ba BpeueBa x3onaq[r, Hanpxt4ep orrlexAaH€ Ha eAllHcopr eAHoroAxutHa x eAxH copr AByroAxuHa prna, EAHoroAxulHu, copr qe qloHe xAaAe ceHeHa, Ao Karo AsyroAxlllHlig ule o6pa3yBa KopeHonnoA, xofiTo qe 6bAe3acaAeH orHoB0 Ha cneABaqara nponer. rqpyra Bt3t4oxHocr e r3onaq[rara c nouoqaHa fipex[- 3a ceMenpo]!3BoAcrao e Heo6xoA|Mo Aa ce ocraBtr noHe 20 pacreHl, orcopr. Ha ntp8ara roA[Ha npx eAoroAllltHtiTe x BTopaTa npr AByroAuuHuTe penaTao6pa3y8a q8eroHocHo crb6no, (oero Aocrura Ha Bucoqt4Ha Ao eAHH Merbp, LlBeroBereca xllTr, 6enr l,lnr nypnypil. firoAoBeTe ca Abrlrl4, TecH[ lllyuynKx c no HrKoIKoceMeHa BlB BcrKa, OTtGcBaf ce Koraro qBerbr rM e craHan nepneHo KaOrB.Aor.r3cyujaBar ce Ha npoBerplt8o r ce|qecro xrcto. 3a orAenrHe Ha ceMeHara

uryLlynKxre rpc6Ba Aa ce Ha'rynsr I npecetr npe3 clro. c'leA roBa orAeneHllreceMeHa ce cyuraT oqe ceaM[qa.

CrxpaHeHle Ha cefieHara.

3ana3Bar xx3HeBocna cx B npoabJlxeHue Ha 'lerxpl roauHl. AKo He ca Ao6perl3cyueH[ ceMeHara ry6er [tnBreMocr oqe nbpBara roAuHa. ClxpaHtBar ce Ha

TrMHo, xlaAHo t1 npoBerp[Bo Mqcro B xaprueHx rop6u. B eAtlH rpaM ce cbAlpxar 100ceMeHa.

Carara - Lactuca sativa

Canarara e eAHoroA[ulHo pacreH]le or ceileficrBo CnoxSoqBerHu. Pa3[r!]Hrre tlpa3HoBuAHocTl.r npoh3xoxAar or 3anaAHa H OxHa EBpona, turt I Aopx(a.orrlexAana ce e olqe no Bperero Ha ApeBHxe Erxner'

CeMenpou3soAcrBo.

CeMenpo{3Boaosoro nph canarara e recHo !l e 3a npenoplqBaHe npu Hat{r|aeqllrpaalHapx. canaTaTa e caMoonpauBaqo ce pacTeHue, Ho BreacrBxe aefiHocrra Ha

Hace(oMl,1Te ce Ha6npaaBa (prclocaHo onpauBaHe (B cborHoueHue 1-5 Vo), a(o aBacopra ce ormexaar 6n[3o, eAxH Ao Apyr. 3a ceMefla ce ofiastr 3ApaBx, ao6pe[3 exAaqlr pacreH[9. Pa3nu,rHure coproB€ xMar pa3nlqHl qlKr]l4 Ha pa3Burle. Ta(aHanpxMep 3rlMHara canaTa e aByroauulHo pacreH[e I aaBa ce efa Ha BTopara roal4HaoT pa3Brrxelo c1,1, ao Karo tlgTHaTa e eAHotoal,ltllHa I aaBa ceMeHa x q!orl,| npe3nlpBara roAxHa. Or Sa3ara B Kotro canara ce (oHcyMl{pa Ao nory'laBHero Ha ceMeHaM[fiaBal oKono aBa Meceqa. o6pa3yBar MHoxecrBo q8eloHocHl4 crb6na. Pa3BxrleroHa qBeroltocHoro crb6ro Moxe Aa 6rae crrHo 3arpyaHeHo or crbcreHure rllcra,3aroBa e Heo6xoa[Mo rtxHoro npopexAaHe B qeHTtpa. l-lBerosere ca Ape6Hu, xlnrooqeereuu. o6paayaar MHoxecrBo, ape6riu nnoAoBe, 3aBlpuiBaq c xsapqrnKa'CeMeHara y3ptBar nocreneHHo,3a roBa ce np[6[par Kolaro ABe rperl or l]BeroBereca craHaru 6eru. nlpBxre q8eroBe ca Ha -noAxoAtl4l'l 3a ceMenpo!13BoAcrBo.Aor43cyuta8ar ce 3a ABe ceAMttqx Ha npoBerpuBo, cexqecro Mtcro Cyxfie ceMeHa ceoTcTpaHrBal pulHo x ce npecrBar npe3 ape6Ho curo

ClxpaHeHxe Ha ceMeHara.

3ana3gar xx3HeHogna cli ao ner roAllHu. ClxpaHgBar ce Ha cbxo, xnaaHo Mtclo B

xapfueHu rop6x. B eAxH rpaM ce cbAlpxar 1000 ceMeHa.

CnaHafi - Spinacia oleracea€

cnaHaGT e eAHoroAtrrlHa rynrypa or ceMeicrBo no6oAoBM, orrnexAaHa 3a nllcra.npo[3xoxAa or tlpaH.

CeMenpoM3BoAcrBo.

CniHaKbr o6pa3yBa MlxKh, xeHcK[ { xepr4aopoAt4rHn qBeroBe 14 e(ptfiocaHoonpau8aqo ce pacreH[e. OnpauBaHero craaa c noMot4a Ha Brr]pa.noneHlT My e r3KrroqurenHo reK u Moxe aa 6rae orHece" ," iruurr"i"r'plarorrr",3a ona3gaHe Ha coproBara qrcrota e leo6xoalllra npoarp"rar""ra ,aonaui_ o, soo_199!_::]l. r,l4 x3non3BaBe-Ha nperna3Hr Mpexu. ripea, qr$rex M"xxrrr; ;acreHr"oopa3y8ar- ManKo Ha 6po , Ape6Hu nxcra, a xeHcxxre o6pa:ysar roneut uMHoro6pofiHu nrcra. l-lBeroHocHrre crb6ra ce o6pa3yBar o, ap"a'uii'"u p"J""ruro.3aBtpuBar c qBeroBe, Koxro ca 6e3 qBeToHocflu ntcqeTa. CefleHara He y3prBareAHoBpeMeHHo,3a ToBa rp96Ba Aa ce npu6xpar nep[oAt4qHo a,lan npuAnaa"un" o,opoHBaHe. Te ce oTKhcBaT (OraTO aplxKuTe IH Ca BCe Oqe :elenl, a qeeroeure ca(a(prsx u rBbpAl.l. CneA npx6xpaHe ce Aolt3cyuaBar 3a eAHa ceAM!flla Ha cyxo,ceHqecTo x npoBeTp[Bo l4rcro. OpoHeHlTe plqHo ceMeHa ce npeKapBar npe3 crTo 3aaoh3{}1cTBaHe.

ClxpaHeHte ra ceMeHara.

3ana3aar xr3HeHocrTa cx a npoAtnxeHre Ha neT ToAxHI. CbxpaHr8ar ce B xapTleHlrop6x Ha cyxo xnaAHo r{rcro. B eArH rpaM ce cbAlpxar 70-1OO ceMeHa.

TxxBa - Cucurbita maxima, C, mixta. C, pepo, C, moschata

EAHoroA[r.uHx paqeHrr or ceMeioBo TlKBoBl4. poA]r TuKB! ctAtpxa 27 x3secrHxBrAa. npol3xoxAar or Me(o.tKo, UeHTpanHa I lOxHa AMep]i(a.

CeMenpox3BoAcrso,

BlAoBere ca eAHoAoHHh, KpbcrocaHoonpauJBaqt ce pacreHlr (o6pa3yBar orAenHoMrxr(r u x€Hctc4 qBeroBe). np, cyxo x ropeqo epeue ce o6pasyeai no-Beqe brxKrlqBeroBe. MlxKrTe qBeroBe oTAentT no,ieH r HeFap, a xeHcKltTe caMo HeKTap.PafieH,trra ce onpaLjjBar or HaceKo'r{. 3a ja ce riderne b;;;;.;;;;o ;"*aypa3nrqHrre copro8e e Heo6xoAhMa npocrpaHcr8eBa t3onaqm or 1000 xerpa.AtrepfiarlBa Ha roaa e plq8oro onpaurBaHe, Koero ce ocbu{ecraq8a ra(a, KaKTo eonrcaHo nplt KpacraBluara. 3a ceMenpor3BoAcrao ce ocraBrr rnpae{, ao6pe1::::IA:_,rrl- ?:g""ri. 3a Aa ce ocxrypli reHerrqHoro pasroo6parre npr ceuerararproBa aa ce paooru c MxHrMyi4 urecr pacreHm or copr, npn yrpraare ia nno4a rofiCe

-OTKltBa u Ce Alpxri fil.tHl4r4yM eAXH Heceq 3a Aa MOraT CeMeHaTa 4, goyupeff

Ao6pe, CneA pa3pr3BaHe Ha nrroAa, ceMeHara ce x3BaxAar c plKa, l13MrBar ce c ![craBoAa I ce ocraB9T Aa cbxHar 3a HrKorr(o AHt4, Ha crHKa Brpxy OtfirbpHa xapr[r.CbxpaHeHIe Ha ceMeHaTa.

3ana3sar xr3HeHoc[a c]t B npoAtnxeH[e Ha u]ecr roAuHt4. CtxpaHrBar ce HaxnaAHo, npoBerpr.lBo l4rcro B xaprxeHri rop6h. B eAxH rpait ce clArpxaT 6_g ceueHa.

Oacyr - Phaseolus vulgaris

Oacynbf e eAHoroAllltHo pacreHle or ceMeficrEo 6060814' Koero ce orrnexAa 3a(oHcylraqxt a 3ereHo ctcrotHre xnh KaTo y3penH ceMeHa. npoH3xoxaa oT LleHTpanHau DxHa AHepll(a. C]qecrByBar xpacroB[AHl4 r nraHoBt'lAHl4 QopMl,| Ha oacyna'3acaxaa ce npe3 nponerra qpe3 altpeKrHa celq6a B noqBara.

CeMeflpol.l3BoAcrBo,

UBeroBTe Ha oac"yna ca aBToraMHl4 (onpauBafiero HacrbnBa npeAll Aa ca cepacrBoprrrl qBerosere). Ha qBtr ca 6en[, KpeMaBu rnl po3oBl1. [loHtKora eB}3MOXHO C yqacTllero Ha HaceKoMr aa ce [3BtpLtlx l{plcTocaHo onpauBaHe fiexaypa3.[[qHure coproBe, Kot4To ce orrflexaar B rpaaxHara. 3a roBa e Ao6pe re Aa He capa3noroxeHu eauH Ao Apyr. Ilp[ xpacroBl4aHxre oopMl roxe Aa ce ocuryplBonaqur qpe3 o3nor3BaHe Ha npeAna3H{ Mpexx, a npx

'l{aHoBl'lABl'lTe OopMx ce

Lt3flOJt3BaT nap'{era oT Mpexa c Koqro ce o6BHBaT qBeToBere.3a ceMenpotl3BoacrBoce noa6xpar Hai Ao6pe pa3Burl4Te,3ApaB[ pasret]ll9, l(otlro ce MapKllpar npeAllHaqanolo Ha uroTexa. CeMeHara ce cb6rpar (oraro nloAHara o6BuBKa e 3ano'lHanaaa cbxHe. aot3cyuaBaf ce 3a eaHa ceaurqa Ha cnlHqe, cnea roero ulyulynxara ceorcrpaHgBa, plqHo (npu fiarKlt Kottlqecrga) u,l14 oBapuaEa (npt roneMu). cefleHarace aoxc'rucTBaT 'rpe3 ogcBaHe.

ClxpaHeH{e Ha ceMeHara.

3ana3Bar xu3HeHogna cu s npoAuxeHue Ha rpu roA[Hl4. ClxpaHqBar ce Ha cyxoxraAHo Mrcro, Hai-ao6pe B crb(neHll chaoEe cnea u3cbxBaHe ce nocTaB9T 3a aBaaHu B xnaalltlHl.tK 3a yH[lqoxaBaHe Ha eEeHlyanHx rapBu I't tfiqa oT HaceKoMx. B eAlHrpa ce cbarpxar 5-10 cefieHa.

qapeB1lqa - zea mays

l-lapeBuqara e qteH Ha ceMeficrBo xurHr. ltporl3xoxAa or OxHa AMepuka B

npoAlrxeHxe !a xttnqaoner[9 e orrnexaaHa Karo ocHoBHa ryfiypa or l4H([Te,AqreKlre I CeBepoaMepuKaHo(xre HHAuaHqll

CeMenpor3BoagrBo,

qapeBuqara e eAHoAoMHo pacreHxe, (oero o6pa3yBa MbxK'l 14 xeHc(l'l cbuBerllg'M!xl([Te ca pa3nonoxeHx Ha Blpxa 8a crb6noro, a xeHcKHTe ce 3ararar B na3BtlreHa rucrara. OnpauBa ce (plcrocaHo c noMoqa Ha Btrbpa. noneHtr Moxe Aa 6rAepa3HeceH Ha Ht(onko (xIoMeTpa, 3a ToBa npocTpaHcBeHaTa l3oraq!19 npl Hetipc6ea Aa 6hae 1000-3000 rerpa uexay orAe[Hl[e coproBe. KoTaro roBa He eBT3MOXHO Ce nptllataT cneaHlfle anTepHaTxBHl{ MeroAu:

BpeMeBa {3onaq[t, 3acaxAar ce coprose, (ol'|ro qloTtr no pa3nrqHo BpeMe Tpt6Baaa cTe cxrypHu '{e notleHlr B MbxKl4Te qaeroBe Ha no-paHo qboTguloro pacTeHue ce eoraerlr,l npeau pacrBapgHeTo Ha xeHc(ure qBeroBe Ha (!cHl'49 copr.

,l3onaql,|r c xaprreHu rop6[ [3l4cKBaqa pbqHo onpausaHe. Aa ce u3non38ar rop6{ycroiL$rBx Ha Bnara. npoqecbr Ha onpauBaHe npoAlnxaBa ABa,Tpri AH[. nporxqa Ic'leaHaTa n0cJIeaoBaTenHocT:

. OTpexere c Hoxuqa o(o,lo eArH caHTxMerlp or n[crara Koxro npeAna3BarropHaTa qacr Ha KoqaHa (xeHc(oTo cbqBeTxe). Aa ce BHlMaBa aa He ce cpexecaM[r KoqaH. cneA ToBa no(p{fire c xapTxeHa Top6a qiloTo c}qBeTIe lt I3aBlpxeTe oT aony.

. Cb6epeTe noneH oT Hrl(oIKo MlxKl4 qBgTa otptcKBai(l rr B Apyra xaprBeHarop6a. floreH-bT 3ana3Ba x[3HeBocTTa cu caMo 3a eAltH AeH npx rope!]o Bpefie.3aTOBa e Hai-,qo6pe MaHInynaqltTa aa ce l438]pl!Ba paHo cyTp]tH.

. tt3crnere c!6paH[r noneH (rofi e ctc 3naThcT LlBrr) Blpxy x36paHx, Ko,{aH. 14oTHOBO 3a8rTe C XapTreHa Top6a KolaHa. Ta3t1 npoqeaypa $oxe aa ce noBropt4aBa-Tpl4 n]Tn 3a aa cTe cllrypHx B onpaujaaHeTo. AKo onpauBaTe no-8eqe oT earHcopr B eAtH 11 chutl aeH, MxiTe ptqeTe cl4 cneA Bcr(a npoqeaypa.

3a,Aa ce 3ana3rr qeHHlre xapaKTepufil4Kll Ha copra np[ qapeBxqa rps6Ba Aapa6oT[re c no-Beqe xHAxBl4A].1. Cb6xpaHeTo Ha ceMeHa oT orpaHxqeHo KonlqecT8oIHAIBI4AX MOXe Aa npeAh3Bl4{a rBneHueTo .'l{H6peaHa aenpecHg" _ HaMangBaHexh3HeHocTTa Ha pacTeH[rTa a cneaBau{tTe noKoleHrr. Ao6pe e aa ce cb6epaTKO']aHr OT Mr.rsl4MyM 15 pacreHrr, Ao6pe e re aa He ca onnoxAaHr c noneH cauo oreaHo pacTeHle. KoqaHlTe ocraBeHu 3a ceMeHa ce cb6upal o{ono Heceq cjl€a oa3aTaM.neqHo-BocbqBa 3pflnocr, Koraro noKpl,tBHuTe uM nrcTa ca graHanlt 6en cyx[, cneAnpu6upaHe nrcTaTa ce oTcTpaHtsar I ceMeHala ce opoHBar qpe3 rpfeHe ia ABaKOqaHa eaIH B Apyr.3bpHaTa ce aolcyulaBaT Ha cnrHqe. KofaTo ca a6conoTHo cyxxce nocTaBrr 3a aBa aH[ B xnaahnHuK 3a yH t4oxasaHe Ha eBeHTyanHI t qa I nap8HHa HaceKoMlt.

CtxpaHeHle Ha ceMeHara,26

3ana3Bar xx3HeHocrfa ctt B npoAlnxeHre Ha ABe roAt4Hl4. CbxpaHqaar ce B cyxxnoMeqeHrr I nocTorHH!4 reMnepaTyprl (3a npeano,]uTaHe o(ono 5 rpaayca), B

crbKreHlt cbaoBe. B ealH rpaM ce cbatpxar 3-8 cefleHa.

UerrHa - Apium graveol€ns

qer{Hara e pacreHre or ceMeficr8o CeHHllKouBerHl'|. PoA Hara eCpeA[3eMHoMoprero. IlpeAno']fia A!n6o[HTe, nnoAopoAHll noqBx. Hafi Ao6pe cepa3BxBa npr reMneparypx MexAy 12y 24 fpaayca,

CeMenpol13BoAcrBo.

UenuHara e KplcrocaHoonpaulEaqo ce pacreHue. Pa3nr,lHl,tTe coproBe ce KplcrocBarnecHo 11 3a roB e Heo6xoa] .ro oclrypeBaHero Ha flpocrpaHsrBeHa u3onaq[r or 500-1000 Merpa Mexay rrx, Karo arrepHarlBa floxe aa ce x3non3Bar npeAna3Hx l4pex'l.l.lenxHara e aByroauluHo pacTeHue u ce HyxAae or cryaeH ce3o8 npeA[ qlorex. 3aceMenpou3BoacTBo ce x36upaT 3apaB{, ao6pe x3lrexaaqu pacreHxe. Ha BTopararoaxHa oT pa38[Tlero or qeHT]pa Ha pacreH[e1o ce pa3BlBaT MHoxecTBoqBeloHocHt4 cfb6na, (olro Ha Bbpxa cl4 o6pa3yBaT cbqBerlle Trn ceHHt1K Pa3BhBar cecbqBerHg or nlpBt4 l,r BTopr4 noptabK. LlBeroBere ca $anKl4 x 6e^u. 3aceMenpolr3BoacTBo ce npeano'.1rla aa 6!Aar ch6l1paHx cbqBerutra oT n]pBl,t noptalK,(oltTo aaBar no-(aqecrBeHI ceMeHa. ceMeHaTa 3anoqBar aa 3petl ot(otlo eAllH Meceqcnea HagarroTo Ha qtoTexa. flp[6[paHeTo 3anoqBa (olaro pacTeHreTo 3ano']Ba aa!43X!IT9Ba, a CbLlBeTUtra npuao6[qT KaoeHllKtB oTTeHlK. cefieHaTa o(anaaT recHo 14

3a roBa e ao6pe aa ce np[6xpar npeall nlnHoro uM y3p98aHe. OcraBeHl4 Ha ceHqecroI npoBeTplBo Mrcro 3a oKorlo ABe ceaM]lqu Te Aoy3ptBaI I ll3cbxBaT. oTAentr ce oTcbqBeT{tTa Ha pr(a x ce Ao[3'lxcrsar i]pe3 npectBaH€ cbc cl4To.

ClxpaBeHle Ha ceMeHara.

3ana3Baf xrcHeBocna cr B npoalnxeHre Ha ner roaulll,l. CtxpaHtBar ce Ha cyxo xrraaHo Mrcro B xapT[eHh rop6r. B eal4H rpaM ce c]abpxaT 2000 ceMeHa.

qecbH - Allium sativum

qe$Hrr e eAHoroAxurHo pacreHlle or ceMeicrBo Ill4nheBl4. l]po[3xoxAa orn'laHuHlrre Ha LleHTpanHa A3rt,

Pa3MHoxaBaHe.

tlecbHlT ce pa3HHoxaBa BeterarlBHo, qpe3 pa3aerlgHe Ha ny(oBl.lqure. noryqaBaHeroHa xr3HeHu cefieHa e pra(ocT. noA6{par ce 3apaBx, ao6pe [3rrlexaaqM pacreHfie.tl3Baxaar ce {oraro HaA3e Hara [M qacr e craHana KaogBa l,| 3anoqBa Aa lt3chx8a.,lyKoBr4qqre ce noq!4crBar or ocrarlqlre or ntlcrara. CrxpaHtBar ce Ha cyxo 14

xnaaHo MtcTo. oT earl!l (lllorpaM ny(oBtlul.l Morar Aa ce noryqar ao 250 pacreHlt'

T

qySp1lqa - Saturea hortense, S, montana

qy6p[r{ara e pacreHre or ceMeicrBo ycroqBeftx, npo[3xoxAa or paioHa HaCpeAu3eMHoMopuero.

CeMenpox3BoAcrBo.

tly6phqara o6pa3yBa ABynonoBu qBeroBe, Kolro ca 6oTarr Ha HeKTap. ToBa nprBrr4qanqeIITe I Te t!3BlpuiaaT (p-bcTocaHo onpau]BaHe exay pacleHxtTa. oTrnexaar ceABa BlAa qy6prqa: fpaAuHcKa (S. hortense), KorTo e eAoroArL!Ha o i4HororoAruHaTa,flnaHuHcKa '{y6prqa (S, montana). np[ MHororoAlurara qy6pxqa ocaeH no nonos n]rpa3MHOXaBaHerO nOXe Aa Ce OCbqeCTEt4 14 EereTaT[BHO (t{pe3 B(OpeHgBaHe Nape3Hrqn ffx ll3ArH{x), nopaAl HaqxHa Ha OnpauBaHe rpe6Ba Aa Ce ocxrypl4npocTpaHcTseHa rl3onaq[9 oT 100-200 Merpa3a aa ce r436erHe KprcrocBaHero Mexaypa3nr'{Hr,4 pa3HoauaHocT[ Ha eAHo x chulo M9cro. ArTepHaTuBHo ce [3noI3BaTnoKpt4BHn Mpexu I ce ocqryptBa no eTanHo AocTbn Ha Sace[oMll 3a onpau]BaHe, qpe3olrplqaHe Ha pa3IUqHuIe pa3HoBxaHog[l,!. y3ptBaHeTo Ha ceMeHaTa 3anoqaa orBlpxa Ha qlor9qoTo crb6no I npoArnxaBa Ba Aony. 3a CeMeHa ce npr6rpa [oraroKancynxTe o6BxBaq[ ceMeHara ca cTaHan[ (aorBlr Ha qB9T. Aor,r3cyuaBa ce 3a eaHaceaMlqa Ha ctHKa, cnea Koelo ceMeHaTa ce opoHBaT t,l npectBar npe3 cl4T0.

CtxpaHeHue Ha ceHeHara.

3ana3Bar xr3HeHocFa cx B npoAllxeHue Ha rplt l-oAHHtl npx tpaAhBc(ara !t ner npl4n'laHtHcKaTa qy6puqa. CeMeHeHaTa ce clxpaHtEaT !a cyxo, xnaaHo MgcTo I xapTIeHllTop6x. B eAlH rpafl ce crAbpxaT 1500 ceMeHa or [paAxHcKa qy6pxqa x 2500 oTnnaHlHcKa qy6plrqa.

npl{roxeHxei OcHoBHx xapaKrepxcrt{t(r ra pa3rreaaHtre pacreHxt

KptcrocanoonpauiBaHe rpaM

E H

atR H 5E c 3E c 40!E K H 6ll It H 250

K H 000t( H 4-10 a0

ll ta HclK H 5K HK H 1c H

AIU H 400H

EIA H 100100070

l-10 4-S5-10

l-10 3-a2000

Bt( H 3 1500/2500

T

I

CrArpxaBne

Bb aeAe t e.,.. ............,..,..,..,.... 1 c'p.

aorafl tt.tecrn oc ot, rra cefl enpousgoAcraoro....... . 3 cf p

EAHoioAr.rurH14, AByroAxurHx Kynrypx..............., 3 crp.

OnpauBaHe...........,......,.....,.... 4 crp,

Ona3BaHe fla '{ficlorara ceMeHara npx pa3 HoxaBaHe...... 5 cTp.

noA6op n cb6hpaHe Ha ceMeHara....,....,. .,..... 6 crp.

no,{r4crBaHe Ha ceMeHara,..................,... 8 fi p,

,l3cyuJaBaHe Ha ceMeHara..,....,.,.....,...... I crp.

Ona3BaHe or 6orecr, I Henprrrenfi no cefleHara......... 8 cTp.

CeraeflpouEsoActaonpt rpaAtEcrurexyrrrypu...,... 10crp.

6a(na..,...,.. ......,...,.....,.......10fip.

8aut,.........,....,...,.,........... 11 crp.

60ctneK............,...,.,.........,.. 11 fip.f pax.........,....................... 12 crp.

Al48r,.,......,.........,,.,.,....... 12 crp.

4oMar.....,...,,.,.,,,.....,...... .,. 13 crp.

3ene,,....,.......................... 14 crp.

Konbp....,...,.........,..,...,...,.. 14 crp.

Kpacra8nqa.,......,.,..........,....... 15 crp.

t|yK...,.,............................ 16 crp.

MarAaH03......,.........,.....,....,.. 16 crp.

Mop{oB..........................,.,.. 17 crp.

narnatrxaH..,,.,,..,..,,..,..,.,....... 18 crp.

nxnep....,.........,.............,.. 18 crp.

npa3.,.....,..,..,.....,.,........... 19 crp.

n1neur..,.,...,..,...,...,..,.......,, 19 crp.

Prna....,...,.,..,..,,....

Canara........,....................... 21 fip.

cnanaK...,..,.............,..,........ 21 crp.

Tul(8a.....................,..,,...... 22 c't p.

oacyn..,,.....,...........,,,,.,,..,. 22 c'tp,

Uape81qa..............,...,..,....... 23 crp,

UerxH...................,.,,,,..,,.,. 24 crp,

tleclH.......,.,..............,....,,. 25 crp,.

tly6p{qa................................ 25 fip.

11prroxeHre.,..,,....,........,......,. 27 fip,

CbArpxarlrc Ha 1l,llocrpaq]l]lre B KH]lrata!

ycrpoicrBo Ha ABynoroB r eAHonoroB qBrr.......,..,.3 cff't4crrysrseHa x3oraqur npt4 cerenpou3BoAcrBo.....,,,,.. 6

PbqHo onpaujBaHe npu qapeBuqa.......,,.,.,.,, 24 cTp,

..........20 srp,