Sedimentary RocksSedimentary Rocks

From Sediment to Rock.From Sediment to Rock.

SedimentSediment

Small solid pieces of Small solid pieces of material that come from material that come from rocks or living things rocks or living things

May include shells bones May include shells bones leaves stems and leaves stems and remains of other living remains of other living thingsthings

From Sediment to Rock.From Sediment to Rock.

Most sedimentary rocks Most sedimentary rocks are formed through a are formed through a series of processes : series of processes :

Erosion, deposition, Erosion, deposition, Compaction, and Compaction, and CementationCementation

From Sediment to Rock.From Sediment to Rock.

ErosionErosion

Running water wind or ice Running water wind or ice loosen and carry away loosen and carry away fragments of rockfragments of rock

From Sediment to Rock.From Sediment to Rock.

DepositionDeposition

Process by which Process by which sediment settles out of sediment settles out of the water or wind the water or wind carrying itcarrying it

From Sediment to Rock.From Sediment to Rock.

CompactionCompaction

The process that presses The process that presses sediment together in sediment together in thick layers that build thick layers that build up gradually over timeup gradually over time

From Sediment to Rock.From Sediment to Rock.

CementationCementation

The process in which The process in which dissolved minerals dissolved minerals crystallize and glue crystallize and glue particles of sediment particles of sediment togethertogether

Types of sedimentary RockTypes of sedimentary Rock

There are three main There are three main types of sedimentary types of sedimentary rocks. rocks.

Clastic Rocks, Organic Clastic Rocks, Organic Rocks, and Chemical Rocks, and Chemical RocksRocks

Types of sedimentary RockTypes of sedimentary Rock

Clastic RocksClastic Rocks

Sedimentary rock that Sedimentary rock that forms when rock forms when rock fragments are squeezed fragments are squeezed togethertogether

Shale, Sandstone, Shale, Sandstone, Conglomerate, and Conglomerate, and

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Types of sedimentary RockTypes of sedimentary Rock

Organic rocksOrganic rocksThese types of rocks form These types of rocks form

when the remains of when the remains of plants and animals are plants and animals are deposited in thick deposited in thick layers.layers.

Coal Coal (swamp plants) (swamp plants) andand

Limestone Limestone (sea creatures)(sea creatures)

Types of sedimentary RockTypes of sedimentary Rock

Chemical RocksChemical Rocks

When minerals that are When minerals that are dissolved in solution dissolved in solution crystallizecrystallize

Uses of Sedimentary RocksUses of Sedimentary Rocks

People have used People have used sedimentary rocks sedimentary rocks throughout history for many throughout history for many different purposes, different purposes, including building materials including building materials and tools.and tools.

Example Example flint for arrowheadsflint for arrowheads Limestone for cement and Limestone for cement and

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