section 32 92 00 turf and grasses part 1 –...

TURF AND GRASSES 32 92 00-1

SECTION 32 92 00

TURF AND GRASSES PART 1 – GENERAL

1.01 RELATED SECTIONS

A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specifications Sections, apply to this section.

B. ODOT Item 651 Topsoil Stockpiled

C. ODOT Item 652 Placing Stockpiled Topsoil

D. ODOT Item 653 Topsoil Furnished and Placed

E. ODOT Item 659 Seeding and Mulching

F. ODOT Item 660 Sodding

1.02 SCOPE A. Provide sodded lawns and seed mixes as shown and specified. The work includes: 1. Sodded lawns

2. Seed Mixes: a. Forested Wetland Mix

b. Upland Woodland Mix 3. Soil installation and preparation 4. Maintenance

1.03 SUBMITTALS A. Submit the following material certifications:

1. Seed vendor's certification indicating percentage by weight, percentages of purity, germination and weed seed content for each type of species.

2. Sod vendor's certification of each seed mixture for turfgrass sod, indicating percentage of grass species, and purity. Include identification of source, and name and phone number of supplier.

B. Submit schedule of seeding operations including seeding methods for lawns that will be

employed.

1.04 QUALITY ASSURANCE

A. Coordinate with work of other trades and activities, particularly with sequencing of finish grading and planting.

B. Installer Qualifications: Engage an experienced Installer who has completed seeding work

similar in material, design, and extent to that indicated for this Project and with a record of successful seed establishment. Installer shall maintain an experienced full-time supervisor on

TURF AND GRASSES 32 92 00-2 DECEMBER 2010

the Project site during times that the seeding operations are in progress.

C. Obtain seed mixes only from sources specializing in native seeds and prairies. All seeds shall be collected from plants grown within 100 miles of Cincinnati, Ohio.

D. The CONTRACTOR shall prepare and submit for CITY approval a watering plan that

addresses how the CONTRACTOR intends to furnish and apply potable water as required in this Specification.

1.05 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING A. Seed: All seed materials shall be handled and delivered to the site in a manner, which protects

seed against moisture, incompatible temperature and weather until utilized in seeding operations.

B. Sod: Temporary storage of sod shall be permitted only as approved by the CITY. Sod is to be handled and transported in a manner, which will prevent drying, or damage to the material. When temporary storage of sod is permitted, the sod shall be placed in layers with grass to grass and roots to roots. To prevent the stack from drying out, the stack shall be sprayed with water and covered with moist burlap as directed. Sod will be rejected when permitted to decay or dry so that, in the judgment of the CITY, its survival is doubtful. Rejected sod shall be disposed off-site at no cost to the CITY. Lay sod within 24 hours of harvesting.

1.06 PROJECT CONDITIONS A. Work notification: Notify CITY at least 7 working days prior to start of seeding. B. Protect existing utilities, paving, walkways, and other facilities from damage caused by seeding

operations. C. Perform work only after finish grading and planting and any other work affecting ground

surface is completed and has received approval from the CITY. D. Restrict traffic from seeded areas until plants are established. Erect signs and barriers as

required. E. Provide hoses and lawn-watering equipment as required.

F. Seeding Periods: 1. Seeding for Mixes shall be per the recommendation of the seed supplier.

G. Sodding Periods: Sodding of permanent lawns to occur from March 15 through November 30.

Sodding operations at other times shall be only with the approval of the CITY and at the CONTRACTOR's risk.

1.07 WARRANTY A. Provide a uniform stand of grasses, sedges, and forbs by maintaining seeded areas until 12-


months following Final Acceptance of the project. Re-sod or re-seed areas, with specified materials, which fail to provide a uniform stand until all affected areas are accepted by the CITY. Re-sodded or Re-seeded areas may extend the warranty period for 12-months beyond the date of re-sodding or re-seeding.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.01 MATERIALS

A. The CONTRACTOR should be aware that the specified seed mixes are native, and may require the CONTRACTOR to secure arrangements with a local seed supplier to contract grow the required amount of seed for the project. The CONTRACTOR is responsible for procuring enough seed for the work shown on the drawings.

B. Sod: Sod shall be well-rooted, containing a growth of not more than 3 percent of other undesirable grass species and not more than 3 weed species such as clover, wild mustard, thistles, quack grass, Johnson grass, and dandelions per 50 square yards. The turf shall be of sufficient density so that no surface soil is visible when mowed to a height of 1.5 inches. Maximum mowing height shall be 2.5 inches. The thickness of the soil portion of the sod shall not exceed 0.60 inch. Species: To match existing lawn areas.

C. Forested Wetland Mix: Shall be certified grass seed blend, fresh, clean, weed seed free and

new crop seed, composed of the following varieties, mixed to the specified proportions by weight and tested to minimum percentages of purity and germination.

1. Seed Mix as follows. Include seed for temporary cover: Botanical Name Common Name Rate Carex frankii Franks Sedge 2 oz./acre Carex grayi Burr Sedge 2 oz./acre Carex lupulina Common Hip Sedge 2 oz./acre Carex muskingumensis Palm Sedge 1 oz./acre Carex normalis Spreading Oval Sedge 1 oz./acre Carex tribuloides Pointed Oval Sedge 1 oz./acre Carex vulpinoidea Fox Sedge 2 oz./acre Elymus riparius Riverbank Wild Rye 16 oz./acre Elymus virginicus Virginia Wild Rye 64 oz./acre Glyceria striata Fowl Manna Grass 2 oz./acre Hystrix patula Bottlebrush Grass 3 oz./acre Actinomeris alternifolia Wingstem 2 oz./acre Aster lateriflorus Side-Flowering Aster 2 oz./acre Aster puniceus Swamp Aster 1 oz./acre Aster simplex Panicled Aster 2 oz./acre Blephilia hirsuta Hairy Wood Mint 0.5 oz./acre Helenium autumnale Autumn Sneezeweed 2 oz./acre Heliopsis helianthoides False Sunflower 2 oz./acre Lobelia siphiltica Great Blue Lobelia 0.5 oz./acre Lycopus americanus Water Horehound 1.5 oz./acre Mimulus ringens Monkey Flower 0.5 oz./acre Penstemon calysosum Smooth Penstemon 1 oz./acre Rudbeckia laciniata Green-Headed Conflower 2 oz./acre


Silphium perfoliatum Cupplant 3 oz./acre Solidago gigantea Late Goldenrod 1.5 oz./acre Veronicastrum virgincum Culver’s Root 0.5 oz./acre Zizia aurea Golden Alexanders 2 oz./acre Temporary Cover: Lolium multiflorum Annual Rye 120 oz./acre

D. Upland Woodland Mix: Shall be certified grass seed blend, fresh, clean, weed seed free and new crop seed, composed of the following varieties, mixed to the specified proportions by weight and tested to minimum percentages of purity and germination.

1. Seed Mix as follows. Include seed for temporary cover: Botanical Name Common Name Rate Carex cephalophora Short Bracted Sedge 1 oz./acre Carex gracillima Graceful Wood Sedge 1 oz./acre Carex sparganioides Burreed Sedge 1 oz./acre Diarrhena americana Beak Grass 8 oz./acre Elymus riparius Riverbank Wild Rye 3 oz./acre Elymus villosus Silky Wild Rye 2 oz./acre Elymus virginicus Virginia Wild Rye 64 oz./acre Hystrix patula Bottlebrush Grass 16 oz./acre Aquilegia canadensis Wild Columbine 1 oz./acre Aster cordifolius Blue Wood Aster 2 oz./acre Aster lateriflorus Side-Flowering Aster 1 oz./acre Aster shortii Shorts Aster 2 oz./acre Eupatorium purpureum Sweet Joe-Pye Weed 2 oz./acre Eupatorium rugosum White Snakeroot 2 oz./acre Heliopsis helianthoides False Sunflower 3 oz./acre Penstemon calycosus Smooth Penstemon 2 oz./acre Solidago caesis Blue-Stemmed Goldenrod 1 oz./acre Temporary Cover: Lolium multiflorum Annual Rye 120 oz./acre

E. Planting Soils

1. Existing Topsoil: Existing, in-place surface soil. Verify suitability of existing surface soil per ODOT Item 659.02. Remove stones, roots, plants, sod, clods, clay lumps, pockets of coarse sand, concrete slurry, concrete layers or chunks, cement, plaster, building debris, and other extraneous materials harmful to plant growth.

2. Imported Topsoil: Imported topsoil or manufactured topsoil from off-site

sources. Obtain topsoil displaced from naturally well-drained construction or mining sites where topsoil occurs at least 4 inches deep; do not obtain from bogs or marshes.

Additional Properties of Imported Topsoil or Manufactured Topsoil: Screened and free of stones 1 inch or larger in any dimension; free of roots, plants, sod, clods, clay lumps, pockets of coarse sand, paint, paint washout, concrete slurry, concrete layers or chunks, cement, plaster, building debris, oils, gasoline, diesel fuel, paint thinner,


turpentine, tar, roofing compound, acid, and other extraneous materials harmful to plant growth; free of obnoxious weeds and invasive plants including quackgrass, Johnsongrass, poison ivy, nutsedge, nimblewill, Canada thistle, bindweed, bentgrass, wild garlic, ground ivy, perennial sorrel, and bromegrass; not infested with nematodes, grubs, other pests, pest eggs, or other undesirable organisms and disease-causing plant pathogens; friable and with sufficient structure to give good tilth and aeration. Continuous, air-filled, pore-space content on a volume/volume basis shall be at least 15 percent when moisture is present at field capacity. Soil shall have a field capacity of at least 15 percent on a dry weight basis.

E. Ground limestone: ASTM C 602, Class T, agricultural limestone containing a minimum 80%

calcium carbonate equivalent, with a minimum 99% passing a No. 8 (2.36 mm) sieve and a minimum 75% passing a No. 6 (250 micrometer) sieve. Provide lime in the form of dolomitic limestone.

F. Sulfur: Granulated agricultural sulfur. G. Hydraulic seed application: this method will not be approved for native seed application. I. Water: Free from harmful materials. All hoses and other irrigation equipment required for the

work shall be furnished by the CONTRACTOR. Failures in the water distribution system shall not relieve the CONTRACTOR from applying water as required.

J. Erosion control blanket: Biodegradable wood excelsior, straw, or coconut-fiber mat enclosed in

a photodegradable plastic mesh. Include manufacturer’s recommended staples. K. All other items per ODOT Item 659. PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 INSPECTION A. Examine finish graded surfaces, grades, topsoil quality and depth. Seeded areas shall be free of

brush piles, construction debris and other deleterious materials. Do not start topsoil and seeding work until unsatisfactory conditions are corrected and after finish grading, planting and any other work affecting ground surface is completed and has received approval from the CITY.

3.02 SOIL EROSION CONTROL A. Provide erosion control measures to prevent erosion or displacement of soils and discharge of

soil-bearing water runoff or airborne dust to adjacent properties and walkways, as required under applicable permits and regulations, meeting performance standards provided in the construction documents, and as defined specifically in the storm water pollution prevention plan prepared by the Contractor under Section 01 14 00.

B. Provide temporary seeding to stabilize soils when permanent seeding is prohibitive due to

inappropriate planting season or limitations from project sequencing. C. Provide erosion control blanket on all slopes of 3:1 or greater.


3.03 PLANTING PREPARATION A. Soil Preparation:

1. Limit preparation to areas which will be immediately seeded. 2. Spread topsoil to a uniform depth of 3” over entire area to be seeded/sodded. Install

per ODOT Items 651, 652, 653, 659.10, and 659.11. 3. Remove sticks, roots, and stones over 1" in any dimension and other extraneous

matter. Grade seeded areas to a smooth, free-draining even surface with a loose, moderately coarse texture. Roll and rake, remove ridges, and fill depressions as required to drain.

4. Restore prepared areas to specified condition if compacted, eroded, settled, or otherwise disturbed after fine grading and prior to seeding operations.

3.04 INSTALLATION A. Sod:

1. Lifting sod: The sod shall be recently mowed to a height of not more than 2.5". It shall be cut into strips of not over 2' x 8' with a uniform width of 12" or more. Sod shall be delivered to the job and installed within 24 hours after being cut.

2. Sod shall not be placed when the temperature is below 32 degrees Fahrenheit, or when the sod or sod bed is frozen or during other weather or soil conditions detrimental to the work.

3. Placing sod: Place first row of sod in a straight line, with subsequent rows placed parallel to and tightly against each other. Lateral joints shall be staggered to promote more uniform growth and strength. Exercise care to insure that the pieces are not stretched or overlapped and that all joints are butted tightly to prevent voids.

4. The sod, after it is placed, shall be lightly rolled or tamped sufficiently to incorporate the roots into the soil bed and to ensure tight joints between the sections or strips.

5. All other activities shall be per ODOT Item 659 and 660. B. Seed Mixes: 1. Perform seeding operations when the soil is not saturated and when winds do not

exceed 5 miles per hour velocity. Apply seed at rates specified with each seed mixture. Spread evenly sowing equal quantities in 2 directions, at right angles to each other, at a rate to obtain specified seed-sowing rate.

C. Watering: The CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for furnishing and applying potable

water to keep seeded and sodded areas uniformly moist to a depth of 4 inches. Schedule watering to prevent wilting, puddling, erosion, and displacement of seed or mulch. Lay out any temporary watering system to avoid walking over muddy or newly planted areas.

1. Sodded lawns: Water sod until final acceptance, at such frequency, as weather conditions require, maintaining appropriate moisture for the healthy establishment of sod.

2. Seed mixes: The area should receive at a minimum the equivalent of 1” of water per week for the first 6 to 8 weeks, either via rainfall or irrigation. Watering methods and equipment, which may cause erosion and / or compaction of the surface, will not be permitted.

3. All other activities shall be per ODOT Item 659.


3.05 MAINTENANCE A. Begin maintenance of sod and seed mixes immediately after each area is planted and continue

until acceptable sod or seeded area are established, but for not less than the following period: 1. Sodded lawn: 12-months after date of Final Acceptance of the project, except when

full maintenance period has not elapsed before end of fall planting season, or if lawn has not fully established at that time, then maintenance period shall continue into spring planting season. The CITY may elect to provide mowing of sodded areas along with mowing of adjacent, undisturbed areas; this option is solely up to the CITY.

2. Seeded Upland Woodland Mix and Forested Wetland Mix: 12-months after Final Acceptance of the project.

B. Maintenance to including watering, spot weeding, mowing, applications of herbicides,

fungicides, insecticides, and re-seeding until a full, uniform stand of grass free of weeds, undesirable grass species, disease, and insects is achieved and accepted by the ENGINEER.

C. Mowing of sodded lawn: Mow lawn areas as soon as lawn top growth reaches a 3 1/2" height.

Cut back to 2 1/2" in height. Remove no more that 40 percent of grass-leaf growth in initial or subsequent mowing. Do not delay mowing until grass blades bend over and become matted. Do not mow when grass is wet. Repeat mowing as required to maintain specified height.

3.06 FINAL ACCEPTANCE A. Inspection to determine final acceptance of sod and seed mix areas will be made by the CITY,

upon CONTRACTOR’S request. Provide notification at least 10 working days before requested inspection date.

1. Seeded areas will be acceptable provided all requirements, including maintenance, have been complied with and a healthy, uniform, close stand of grass, sedges, and forbes is established free of weeds, undesirable weeds, disease and insects. No single area shall have bare spots or unacceptable cover exceeding 6" dimension in any direction.

3.07 CLEANING A. Perform cleaning during installation of the work and upon completion of the work. Remove

from site all excess materials, debris, and equipment. Repair damage resulting from seeding operations.

END OF SECTION 32 92 00


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TURF AND GRASSES 32 92 00-1

SECTION 32 92 00

TURF AND GRASSES PART 1 – GENERAL


A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specifications Sections, apply to this section.

B. ODOT Item 651 Topsoil Stockpiled

C. ODOT Item 652 Placing Stockpiled Topsoil

D. ODOT Item 653 Topsoil Furnished and Placed

E. ODOT Item 659 Seeding and Mulching

F. ODOT Item 660 Sodding

1.02 SCOPE A. Provide sodded lawns and seed mixes as shown and specified. The work includes: 1. Sodded lawns

2. Seed Mixes: a. Forested Wetland Mix

b. Upland Woodland Mix 3. Soil installation and preparation 4. Maintenance

1.03 SUBMITTALS A. Submit the following material certifications:

1. Seed vendor's certification indicating percentage by weight, percentages of purity, germination and weed seed content for each type of species.

2. Sod vendor's certification of each seed mixture for turfgrass sod, indicating percentage of grass species, and purity. Include identification of source, and name and phone number of supplier.

B. Submit schedule of seeding operations including seeding methods for lawns that will be

employed.


A. Coordinate with work of other trades and activities, particularly with sequencing of finish grading and planting.

B. Installer Qualifications: Engage an experienced Installer who has completed seeding work

similar in material, design, and extent to that indicated for this Project and with a record of successful seed establishment. Installer shall maintain an experienced full-time supervisor on


the Project site during times that the seeding operations are in progress.

C. Obtain seed mixes only from sources specializing in native seeds and prairies. All seeds shall be collected from plants grown within 100 miles of Cincinnati, Ohio.

D. The CONTRACTOR shall prepare and submit for CITY approval a watering plan that

addresses how the CONTRACTOR intends to furnish and apply potable water as required in this Specification.

1.05 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING A. Seed: All seed materials shall be handled and delivered to the site in a manner, which protects

seed against moisture, incompatible temperature and weather until utilized in seeding operations.

B. Sod: Temporary storage of sod shall be permitted only as approved by the CITY. Sod is to be handled and transported in a manner, which will prevent drying, or damage to the material. When temporary storage of sod is permitted, the sod shall be placed in layers with grass to grass and roots to roots. To prevent the stack from drying out, the stack shall be sprayed with water and covered with moist burlap as directed. Sod will be rejected when permitted to decay or dry so that, in the judgment of the CITY, its survival is doubtful. Rejected sod shall be disposed off-site at no cost to the CITY. Lay sod within 24 hours of harvesting.

1.06 PROJECT CONDITIONS A. Work notification: Notify CITY at least 7 working days prior to start of seeding. B. Protect existing utilities, paving, walkways, and other facilities from damage caused by seeding

operations. C. Perform work only after finish grading and planting and any other work affecting ground

surface is completed and has received approval from the CITY. D. Restrict traffic from seeded areas until plants are established. Erect signs and barriers as

required. E. Provide hoses and lawn-watering equipment as required.

F. Seeding Periods: 1. Seeding for Mixes shall be per the recommendation of the seed supplier.

G. Sodding Periods: Sodding of permanent lawns to occur from March 15 through November 30.

Sodding operations at other times shall be only with the approval of the CITY and at the CONTRACTOR's risk.

1.07 WARRANTY A. Provide a uniform stand of grasses, sedges, and forbs by maintaining seeded areas until 12-


months following Final Acceptance of the project. Re-sod or re-seed areas, with specified materials, which fail to provide a uniform stand until all affected areas are accepted by the CITY. Re-sodded or Re-seeded areas may extend the warranty period for 12-months beyond the date of re-sodding or re-seeding.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.01 MATERIALS

A. The CONTRACTOR should be aware that the specified seed mixes are native, and may require the CONTRACTOR to secure arrangements with a local seed supplier to contract grow the required amount of seed for the project. The CONTRACTOR is responsible for procuring enough seed for the work shown on the drawings.

B. Sod: Sod shall be well-rooted, containing a growth of not more than 3 percent of other undesirable grass species and not more than 3 weed species such as clover, wild mustard, thistles, quack grass, Johnson grass, and dandelions per 50 square yards. The turf shall be of sufficient density so that no surface soil is visible when mowed to a height of 1.5 inches. Maximum mowing height shall be 2.5 inches. The thickness of the soil portion of the sod shall not exceed 0.60 inch. Species: To match existing lawn areas.

C. Forested Wetland Mix: Shall be certified grass seed blend, fresh, clean, weed seed free and

new crop seed, composed of the following varieties, mixed to the specified proportions by weight and tested to minimum percentages of purity and germination.

1. Seed Mix as follows. Include seed for temporary cover: Botanical Name Common Name Rate Carex frankii Franks Sedge 2 oz./acre Carex grayi Burr Sedge 2 oz./acre Carex lupulina Common Hip Sedge 2 oz./acre Carex muskingumensis Palm Sedge 1 oz./acre Carex normalis Spreading Oval Sedge 1 oz./acre Carex tribuloides Pointed Oval Sedge 1 oz./acre Carex vulpinoidea Fox Sedge 2 oz./acre Elymus riparius Riverbank Wild Rye 16 oz./acre Elymus virginicus Virginia Wild Rye 64 oz./acre Glyceria striata Fowl Manna Grass 2 oz./acre Hystrix patula Bottlebrush Grass 3 oz./acre Actinomeris alternifolia Wingstem 2 oz./acre Aster lateriflorus Side-Flowering Aster 2 oz./acre Aster puniceus Swamp Aster 1 oz./acre Aster simplex Panicled Aster 2 oz./acre Blephilia hirsuta Hairy Wood Mint 0.5 oz./acre Helenium autumnale Autumn Sneezeweed 2 oz./acre Heliopsis helianthoides False Sunflower 2 oz./acre Lobelia siphiltica Great Blue Lobelia 0.5 oz./acre Lycopus americanus Water Horehound 1.5 oz./acre Mimulus ringens Monkey Flower 0.5 oz./acre Penstemon calysosum Smooth Penstemon 1 oz./acre Rudbeckia laciniata Green-Headed Conflower 2 oz./acre


Silphium perfoliatum Cupplant 3 oz./acre Solidago gigantea Late Goldenrod 1.5 oz./acre Veronicastrum virgincum Culver’s Root 0.5 oz./acre Zizia aurea Golden Alexanders 2 oz./acre Temporary Cover: Lolium multiflorum Annual Rye 120 oz./acre

D. Upland Woodland Mix: Shall be certified grass seed blend, fresh, clean, weed seed free and new crop seed, composed of the following varieties, mixed to the specified proportions by weight and tested to minimum percentages of purity and germination.

1. Seed Mix as follows. Include seed for temporary cover: Botanical Name Common Name Rate Carex cephalophora Short Bracted Sedge 1 oz./acre Carex gracillima Graceful Wood Sedge 1 oz./acre Carex sparganioides Burreed Sedge 1 oz./acre Diarrhena americana Beak Grass 8 oz./acre Elymus riparius Riverbank Wild Rye 3 oz./acre Elymus villosus Silky Wild Rye 2 oz./acre Elymus virginicus Virginia Wild Rye 64 oz./acre Hystrix patula Bottlebrush Grass 16 oz./acre Aquilegia canadensis Wild Columbine 1 oz./acre Aster cordifolius Blue Wood Aster 2 oz./acre Aster lateriflorus Side-Flowering Aster 1 oz./acre Aster shortii Shorts Aster 2 oz./acre Eupatorium purpureum Sweet Joe-Pye Weed 2 oz./acre Eupatorium rugosum White Snakeroot 2 oz./acre Heliopsis helianthoides False Sunflower 3 oz./acre Penstemon calycosus Smooth Penstemon 2 oz./acre Solidago caesis Blue-Stemmed Goldenrod 1 oz./acre Temporary Cover: Lolium multiflorum Annual Rye 120 oz./acre

E. Planting Soils

1. Existing Topsoil: Existing, in-place surface soil. Verify suitability of existing surface soil per ODOT Item 659.02. Remove stones, roots, plants, sod, clods, clay lumps, pockets of coarse sand, concrete slurry, concrete layers or chunks, cement, plaster, building debris, and other extraneous materials harmful to plant growth.

2. Imported Topsoil: Imported topsoil or manufactured topsoil from off-site

sources. Obtain topsoil displaced from naturally well-drained construction or mining sites where topsoil occurs at least 4 inches deep; do not obtain from bogs or marshes.

Additional Properties of Imported Topsoil or Manufactured Topsoil: Screened and free of stones 1 inch or larger in any dimension; free of roots, plants, sod, clods, clay lumps, pockets of coarse sand, paint, paint washout, concrete slurry, concrete layers or chunks, cement, plaster, building debris, oils, gasoline, diesel fuel, paint thinner,


turpentine, tar, roofing compound, acid, and other extraneous materials harmful to plant growth; free of obnoxious weeds and invasive plants including quackgrass, Johnsongrass, poison ivy, nutsedge, nimblewill, Canada thistle, bindweed, bentgrass, wild garlic, ground ivy, perennial sorrel, and bromegrass; not infested with nematodes, grubs, other pests, pest eggs, or other undesirable organisms and disease-causing plant pathogens; friable and with sufficient structure to give good tilth and aeration. Continuous, air-filled, pore-space content on a volume/volume basis shall be at least 15 percent when moisture is present at field capacity. Soil shall have a field capacity of at least 15 percent on a dry weight basis.

E. Ground limestone: ASTM C 602, Class T, agricultural limestone containing a minimum 80%

calcium carbonate equivalent, with a minimum 99% passing a No. 8 (2.36 mm) sieve and a minimum 75% passing a No. 6 (250 micrometer) sieve. Provide lime in the form of dolomitic limestone.

F. Sulfur: Granulated agricultural sulfur. G. Hydraulic seed application: this method will not be approved for native seed application. I. Water: Free from harmful materials. All hoses and other irrigation equipment required for the

work shall be furnished by the CONTRACTOR. Failures in the water distribution system shall not relieve the CONTRACTOR from applying water as required.

J. Erosion control blanket: Biodegradable wood excelsior, straw, or coconut-fiber mat enclosed in

a photodegradable plastic mesh. Include manufacturer’s recommended staples. K. All other items per ODOT Item 659. PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.01 INSPECTION A. Examine finish graded surfaces, grades, topsoil quality and depth. Seeded areas shall be free of

brush piles, construction debris and other deleterious materials. Do not start topsoil and seeding work until unsatisfactory conditions are corrected and after finish grading, planting and any other work affecting ground surface is completed and has received approval from the CITY.

3.02 SOIL EROSION CONTROL A. Provide erosion control measures to prevent erosion or displacement of soils and discharge of

soil-bearing water runoff or airborne dust to adjacent properties and walkways, as required under applicable permits and regulations, meeting performance standards provided in the construction documents, and as defined specifically in the storm water pollution prevention plan prepared by the Contractor under Section 01 14 00.

B. Provide temporary seeding to stabilize soils when permanent seeding is prohibitive due to

inappropriate planting season or limitations from project sequencing. C. Provide erosion control blanket on all slopes of 3:1 or greater.


3.03 PLANTING PREPARATION A. Soil Preparation:

1. Limit preparation to areas which will be immediately seeded. 2. Spread topsoil to a uniform depth of 3” over entire area to be seeded/sodded. Install

per ODOT Items 651, 652, 653, 659.10, and 659.11. 3. Remove sticks, roots, and stones over 1" in any dimension and other extraneous

matter. Grade seeded areas to a smooth, free-draining even surface with a loose, moderately coarse texture. Roll and rake, remove ridges, and fill depressions as required to drain.

4. Restore prepared areas to specified condition if compacted, eroded, settled, or otherwise disturbed after fine grading and prior to seeding operations.

3.04 INSTALLATION A. Sod:

1. Lifting sod: The sod shall be recently mowed to a height of not more than 2.5". It shall be cut into strips of not over 2' x 8' with a uniform width of 12" or more. Sod shall be delivered to the job and installed within 24 hours after being cut.

2. Sod shall not be placed when the temperature is below 32 degrees Fahrenheit, or when the sod or sod bed is frozen or during other weather or soil conditions detrimental to the work.

3. Placing sod: Place first row of sod in a straight line, with subsequent rows placed parallel to and tightly against each other. Lateral joints shall be staggered to promote more uniform growth and strength. Exercise care to insure that the pieces are not stretched or overlapped and that all joints are butted tightly to prevent voids.

4. The sod, after it is placed, shall be lightly rolled or tamped sufficiently to incorporate the roots into the soil bed and to ensure tight joints between the sections or strips.

5. All other activities shall be per ODOT Item 659 and 660. B. Seed Mixes: 1. Perform seeding operations when the soil is not saturated and when winds do not

exceed 5 miles per hour velocity. Apply seed at rates specified with each seed mixture. Spread evenly sowing equal quantities in 2 directions, at right angles to each other, at a rate to obtain specified seed-sowing rate.

C. Watering: The CONTRACTOR shall be responsible for furnishing and applying potable

water to keep seeded and sodded areas uniformly moist to a depth of 4 inches. Schedule watering to prevent wilting, puddling, erosion, and displacement of seed or mulch. Lay out any temporary watering system to avoid walking over muddy or newly planted areas.

1. Sodded lawns: Water sod until final acceptance, at such frequency, as weather conditions require, maintaining appropriate moisture for the healthy establishment of sod.

2. Seed mixes: The area should receive at a minimum the equivalent of 1” of water per week for the first 6 to 8 weeks, either via rainfall or irrigation. Watering methods and equipment, which may cause erosion and / or compaction of the surface, will not be permitted.

3. All other activities shall be per ODOT Item 659.


3.05 MAINTENANCE A. Begin maintenance of sod and seed mixes immediately after each area is planted and continue

until acceptable sod or seeded area are established, but for not less than the following period: 1. Sodded lawn: 12-months after date of Final Acceptance of the project, except when

full maintenance period has not elapsed before end of fall planting season, or if lawn has not fully established at that time, then maintenance period shall continue into spring planting season. The CITY may elect to provide mowing of sodded areas along with mowing of adjacent, undisturbed areas; this option is solely up to the CITY.

2. Seeded Upland Woodland Mix and Forested Wetland Mix: 12-months after Final Acceptance of the project.

B. Maintenance to including watering, spot weeding, mowing, applications of herbicides,

fungicides, insecticides, and re-seeding until a full, uniform stand of grass free of weeds, undesirable grass species, disease, and insects is achieved and accepted by the ENGINEER.

C. Mowing of sodded lawn: Mow lawn areas as soon as lawn top growth reaches a 3 1/2" height.

Cut back to 2 1/2" in height. Remove no more that 40 percent of grass-leaf growth in initial or subsequent mowing. Do not delay mowing until grass blades bend over and become matted. Do not mow when grass is wet. Repeat mowing as required to maintain specified height.

3.06 FINAL ACCEPTANCE A. Inspection to determine final acceptance of sod and seed mix areas will be made by the CITY,

upon CONTRACTOR’S request. Provide notification at least 10 working days before requested inspection date.

1. Seeded areas will be acceptable provided all requirements, including maintenance, have been complied with and a healthy, uniform, close stand of grass, sedges, and forbes is established free of weeds, undesirable weeds, disease and insects. No single area shall have bare spots or unacceptable cover exceeding 6" dimension in any direction.

3.07 CLEANING A. Perform cleaning during installation of the work and upon completion of the work. Remove

from site all excess materials, debris, and equipment. Repair damage resulting from seeding operations.



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EXTERIOR PLANTS 32 93 00-1

EXTERIOR PLANTS

32 93 00

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.01 SECTION INCLUDES

A. Plants, including Live Stakes.

B. Planting soils.

C. Mulches.

D. Fertilizers.

E. Jute Mesh.

F. Slow-Release Tree Watering Bags

G. Plant Maintenance.

H. Deer Barrier.


A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

B. Section 01 56 39 – Landscape and Vegetation Protection

C. Section 32 92 00 – Turf and Grasses

D. Section 35 01 50 – Stream Excavation and Fill

E. Section 35 42 37 – Boulders, Rip Rap, and Bedding

F. ODOT Item 659 – Seeding and Mulching

G. ODOT Item 660 – Sodding

H. ODOT Item 661 – Planting Trees, Shrubs, and Vines

I. ODOT Item 659

1.03 SCOPE

A. (NOT USED)


1.04 DEFINITIONS

A. Backfill: The earth used to replace or the act of replacing earth in an excavation.

B. Balled and Burlapped Stock: Plants dug with firm, natural balls of earth in which they were grown, with ball size not less than diameter and depth recommended by ANSI Z60.1 for type and size of plant required; wrapped with burlap, tied, rigidly supported, and drum laced with twine with the root flare visible at the surface of the ball as recommended by ANSI Z60.1.

C. Container-Grown Stock: Healthy, vigorous, well-rooted plants grown in a container, with a well-established root system reaching sides of container and maintaining a firm ball when removed from container. Container shall be rigid enough to hold ball shape and protect root mass during shipping and be sized according to ANSI Z60.1 for type and size of plant required.

D. Finish Grade: Elevation of finished surface of planting soil.

E. Live Stake: A stake or pole fashioned from live woody material.

F. Pesticide: A substance or mixture intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating a pest. This includes insecticides, miticides, herbicides, fungicides, rodenticides, and molluscicides. It also includes substances or mixtures intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant.

G. Pests: Living organisms that occur where they are not desired, or that cause damage to plants, animals, or people. These include insects, mites, grubs, mollusks (snails and slugs), rodents (gophers, moles, and mice), unwanted plants (weeds), fungi, bacteria, and viruses.

H. Planting Area: Areas to be planted.

I. Planting Soil: Standardized topsoil; existing, native surface topsoil; existing, in-place surface soil; imported topsoil; or manufactured topsoil that is modified with soil amendments and perhaps fertilizers to produce a soil mixture best for plant growth.

J. Plant; Plants; Plant Material: These terms refer to vegetation in general, including trees, shrubs, vines, ground covers, ornamental grasses, perennials, bulbs, corms, tubers, or herbaceous vegetation.

K. Root Flare: Also called "trunk flare." The area at the base of the plant's stem or trunk where the stem or trunk broadens to form roots; the area of transition between the root system and the stem or trunk.

L. Stem Girdling Roots: Roots that encircle the stems (trunks) of trees below the soil surface.

M. Subgrade: Surface or elevation of subsoil remaining after excavation is complete, or the top surface of a fill or backfill before planting soil is placed.

N. Subsoil: All soil beneath the topsoil layer of the soil profile, and typified by the lack of organic matter and soil organisms.


O. Surface Soil: Soil that is present at the top layer of the existing soil profile at the Project site. In undisturbed areas, the surface soil is typically topsoil; but in disturbed areas such as urban environments, the surface soil can be subsoil.

1.05 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of product indicated, including soils. 1. Pesticides and Herbicides: Include product label and manufacturer's application

instructions specific to the Project. 2. Fertilizers: Include product label and manufacturer’s application instructions specific to

the Project.

B. Qualification Data: For qualified landscape Installer. Include list of similar projects completed by Installer demonstrating Installer's capabilities and experience. Include project names, addresses, and year completed, and include names and addresses of contact persons.

C. Product Certificates: For each type of manufactured product, from manufacturer, and complying with the following: 1. Manufacturer's certified analysis of standard products. 2. Analysis of other materials by a recognized laboratory made according to methods

established by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, where applicable.

D. Material Test Reports: For imported topsoil.


A. Installer Qualifications: A qualified landscape Installer whose work has resulted in successful establishment of plants. 1. Experience: Five years experience in landscape installation in addition to requirements in

00 43 10 Contractor’s Qualification Statement. 2. Installer's Field Supervision: Require Installer to maintain an experienced full-time

supervisor on Project site when planting work is in progress. 3. Pesticide Applicator: State licensed, commercial.

B. Soil-Testing Laboratory Qualifications: An independent or university laboratory, recognized by the State Department of Agriculture, with the experience and capability to conduct the testing indicated and that specializes in types of tests to be performed.

C. Soil Analysis: For each unamended soil type, furnish a written report about the soil analysis per ODOT Item 659.

D. Provide quality, size, genus, species, and variety of plants indicated, complying with applicable requirements in ANSI Z60.1.

E. Measurements: Measure according to ANSI Z60.1. Do not prune to obtain required sizes.

1. Trees and Shrubs: Measure with branches and trunks or canes in their normal position. Take height measurements from or near the top of the root flare for field-grown stock and container grown stock. Measure main body of tree or shrub for height and spread; do not


measure branches or roots tip to tip. Take caliper measurements 6 inches above the root flare for trees up to 4-inch.

2. Other Plants: Measure with stems, petioles, and foliage in their normal position.

F. Plant Material Observation: CITY may observe plant material either at place of growth or at site before planting for compliance with requirements for genus, species, variety, cultivar, size, and quality. CITY retains right to observe trees and shrubs further for size and condition of balls and root systems, pests, disease symptoms, injuries, and latent defects and to reject unsatisfactory or defective material at any time during progress of work. Remove rejected trees or shrubs immediately from Project site. 1. Notify CITY of sources of planting materials seven days in advance of delivery to site.

G. All trees and shrubs to be grown in nurseries located within 300 miles of Cincinnati, Ohio.

1.07 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Packaged Materials: Deliver packaged materials in original, unopened containers showing weight, certified analysis, name and address of manufacturer, and indication of conformance with state and federal laws if applicable.

B. Bulk Materials: 1. Do not dump or store bulk materials near structures, utilities, walkways and pavements,

or on existing turf areas or plants. 2. Provide erosion-control measures to prevent erosion or displacement of bulk materials,

discharge of soil-bearing water runoff, and airborne dust reaching adjacent properties, water conveyance systems, or walkways.

3. Accompany each delivery of bulk fertilizers and soil amendments with appropriate certificates.

C. Do not prune trees and shrubs before delivery. Protect bark, branches, and root systems from sunscald, drying, windburn, sweating, whipping, and other handling and tying damage. Do not bend or bind-tie trees or shrubs in such a manner as to destroy their natural shape. Provide protective covering of plants during shipping and delivery. Do not drop plants during delivery and handling.

D. Handle planting stock by root ball.

E. Deliver plants after preparations for planting have been completed, and install immediately. If planting is delayed more than six hours after delivery, set plants and trees in their appropriate aspect (sun, filtered sun, or shade), protect from weather and mechanical damage, and keep roots moist. 1. Set balled stock on ground and cover ball with soil, peat moss, sawdust, or other

acceptable material. 2. Do not remove container-grown stock from containers before time of planting. 3. Water root systems of plants stored on-site deeply and thoroughly with a fine-mist spray.

Water as often as necessary to maintain root systems in a moist, but not overly wet condition.

F. Live Stakes shall be maintained in a continuously cool, covered and moist state prior to use and be in good condition when installed.


1.08 PROJECT CONDITIONS

A. Field Measurements: Verify actual grade elevations, service and utility locations, irrigation system components, and dimensions of plantings and construction contiguous with new plantings by field measurements before proceeding with planting work.

B. Interruption of Existing Services or Utilities: Do not interrupt services or utilities to facilities occupied by CITY or others unless permitted under the following conditions and then only after arranging to provide temporary services or utilities according to requirements indicated: 1. Notify CITY no fewer than two days in advance of proposed interruption of each service

or utility. 2. Do not proceed with interruption of services or utilities without CITY's written

permission.

C. Planting Restrictions: Plant during one of the following periods. Coordinate planting periods with maintenance periods to provide required maintenance from date of Substantial Completion. 1. Spring Planting: March 15 and June 15. 2. Fall Planting: September 15 and November 15.

D. Weather Limitations: Proceed with planting only when existing and forecasted weather conditions permit planting to be performed when beneficial and optimum results may be obtained. Apply products during favorable weather conditions according to manufacturer's written instructions and warranty requirements. Do not plant when the ground is frozen.

1.09 WARRANTY

A. Installer agrees to repair or replace plantings and accessories that fail in materials, workmanship, or growth within specified warranty period. 1. Failures include, but are not limited to, the following:

a. Death and unsatisfactory growth, except for defects resulting from abuse, lack of adequate maintenance, or neglect by CITY, or incidents that are beyond Contractor's control.

b. Structural failures including plantings falling or blowing over. c. Deterioration of metals, metal finishes, and other materials beyond normal

weathering. 2. Warranty Periods from Date of Substantial Completion:

a. Trees, Shrubs, Perennials, Ornamental Grasses, ground cover, sod, and Live Stakes: 12-months.

3. Include the following remedial actions as a minimum: a. Immediately remove dead plants and replace unless required to plant in the

succeeding planting season. b. Replace plants that are more than 25 percent dead or in an unhealthy condition at

end of warranty period. c. A limit of one replacement of each plant will be required except for losses or

replacements due to failure to comply with requirements. d. Provide extended warranty for period equal to original warranty period, for

replaced plant material. Refer to Part 3 for additional plant replacement information.

4. Success Ratio


a. The Contractor shall meet an 85% survivability ratio for all landscaping following the 12-month warranty.

b. Should project overall survivability following completion of the 12-month warranty be less than 85%, as determined by the CITY, the Contractor shall provide additional plants sufficient to reach the 85% ratio.

c. For each plant installed within or following the 12-month warranty period, the 12-month warranty for those plants shall be extended one growing season from the date of planting.

d. The success ratio evaluation, and subsequent additional plantings and maintenance period extensions, shall be repeated until 85% of the original plant quantities have been established.

1.10 MAINTENANCE SERVICE

A. Initial Maintenance Service for Trees, Shrubs, Perennials and Ornamental Grasses: Provide maintenance by skilled employees of landscape Installer. Maintain as required in Part 3. Begin maintenance immediately after plants are installed and continue until plantings are acceptably healthy and well established but for not less than maintenance period below. 1. Maintenance Period: 12-months from date of Substantial Completion.

PART 2 - PRODUCTS

2.1 PLANT MATERIAL

A. General: Furnish nursery-grown plants true to genus, species, variety, cultivar, stem form, shearing, and other features indicated in Plant Schedule or Plant Legend shown on Drawings and complying with ANSI Z60.1; and with healthy root systems developed by transplanting or root pruning. Provide well-shaped, fully branched, healthy, vigorous stock, densely foliated when in leaf and free of disease, pests, eggs, larvae, and defects such as knots, sun scald, injuries, abrasions, and disfigurement. 1. Trees with damaged, crooked, or multiple leaders; tight vertical branches where bark is

squeezed between two branches or between branch and trunk ("included bark"); crossing trunks; cut-off limbs more than 3/4 inch in diameter; or with stem girdling roots will be rejected.

2. Collected Stock: Do not use plants harvested from the wild, from native stands, from an established landscape planting, or not grown in a nursery unless otherwise indicated.

B. Provide plants of sizes, grades, and ball or container sizes complying with ANSI Z60.1 for types and form of plants required. Plants of a larger size may be used if acceptable to CITY, with a proportionate increase in size of roots or balls.

C. Root-Ball Depth: Furnish trees and shrubs with root balls measured from top of root ball, which shall begin at root flare according to ANSI Z60.1. Root flare shall be visible before planting.

D. Labeling: Label each plant of each variety, size, and caliper with a securely attached, waterproof tag bearing legible designation of common name and full scientific name, including


genus and species. Include nomenclature for hybrid, variety, or cultivar, if applicable for the plant as shown on Drawings.

E. If formal arrangements or consecutive order of plants is shown on Drawings, select stock for uniform height and spread, and number the labels to assure symmetry in planting.

F. Live Stakes 1. Live Stakes shall be ½”-1½” in diameter and 24”-36” in length. 2. No leaf buds shall have initiated growth beyond ¼” and the cambium layer shall be

moist, green, and healthy.

2.2 INORGANIC SOIL AMENDMENTS

A. Sulfur: Granular, biodegradable, and containing a minimum of 90 percent sulfur, with a minimum of 99 percent passing through No. 6 sieve and a maximum of 10 percent passing through No. 40 sieve.

B. Aluminum Sulfate: Commercial grade, unadulterated.

C. Perlite: Horticultural perlite, soil amendment grade.

D. Sand: Clean, washed, natural or manufactured, and free of toxic materials.

2.3 ORGANIC SOIL AMENDMENTS

A. Leaf Compost: Well-composted, stable, and weed-free organic matter, humus rich type derived from the decomposition of leaves and yard wastes. Animal or poultry manure, at any stage of decomposition, shall not be acceptable. Texture shall be similar to a shredded peat; pH range of 5.5 to 8; moisture content 35 to 55 percent by weight; soluble salt content of 10 decisiemens/m, maximum; not exceeding 0.5 percent inert contaminants and free of substances toxic to plantings; and as follows: 1. Organic Matter Content: 30 percent, minimum, of dry weight.

B. Manure: Well-rotted, unbleached, stable or cattle manure containing not more than 25 percent by volume of straw, sawdust, or other bedding materials; free of toxic substances, stones, sticks, soil, weed seed, debris, and material harmful to plant growth.

C. Peat Moss: Coarse, fibrous texture, medium-divided sphagnum moss peat or reed-sedge peat with a pH range of 3.2 to 4.5.

2.4 FERTILIZERS

A. Bonemeal: Commercial, raw or steamed, finely ground; a minimum of 4 percent nitrogen and 20 percent phosphoric acid.

B. Superphosphate: Commercial, phosphate mixture, soluble; a minimum of 20 percent available phosphoric acid


C. Commercial Fertilizer: Commercial-grade complete fertilizer of neutral character, consisting of fast- and slow-release nitrogen, 50 percent derived from natural organic sources of urea formaldehyde, phosphorous, and potassium in the following composition: 1. Composition: Nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in amounts recommended in soil

reports from a qualified soil-testing laboratory.

D. Slow-Release Fertilizer: Granular or pelleted fertilizer consisting of 50 percent water-insoluble nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the following composition: 1. Composition: Nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium in amounts recommended in soil

reports from a qualified soil-testing laboratory.

2.5 PLANTING SOILS

A. Planting Soil: As indicated on the drawings. obtain topsoil displaced from naturally well-drained construction or mining sites where topsoil occurs at least 4 inches deep; do not obtain from agricultural lands, bogs, or marshes. 1. Topsoil: per ODOT Item 659 and 661.

2.6 MULCHES

A. Mulch: Chipped wood mulch. Natural color reminiscent of natural forest debris. Chipped wood mulch may be used from on site clearing. Provide sample and obtain approval from CITY.

2.7 WEED-CONTROL BARRIERS

A. Nonwoven Geotextile Filter Fabric: Polypropylene or polyester fabric, 3 oz./sq. yd. minimum, composed of fibers formed into a stable network so that fibers retain their relative position. Fabric shall be inert to biological degradation and resist naturally-encountered chemicals, alkalis, and acids.

2.8 PESTICIDES

A. General: Pesticide registered and approved by EPA, acceptable to authorities having jurisdiction, and of type recommended by manufacturer for each specific problem and as required for Project conditions and application. Do not use restricted pesticides unless authorized in writing by authorities having jurisdiction.

B. Pre-Emergent Herbicide (Selective and Non-Selective): Effective for controlling the germination or growth of weeds within planted areas at the soil level directly below the mulch layer.

C. Post-Emergent Herbicide (Selective and Non-Selective): Effective for controlling weed growth that has already germinated.


2.9 JUTE MESH

A. Jute mesh shall be a uniform, open, plain weave cloth of undyed and unbleached single jute yarn. The yarn shall be of a loosely twisted construction and it shall not vary in thickness more than one-half inch normal diameter. Jute mesh shall be furnished in rolled strips and shall meet the following requirements: 1. Width- 48 inches, plus or minus one inch 2. 78 warp - ends per width of cloth (minimum) 3. 41 weft – ends per yard (minimum) 4. Weight shall average 1.22 pounds per linear yard with a tolerance of plus or minus 5%

B. Staples shall be U-shaped and shall be approximately six inches long and one inch wide. Staples shall machine made and be of No. 11 gauge or heavier steel wire.

2.10 SLOW-RELEASE WATERING BAGS

A. All newly planted trees shall be equipped with a 20-gallon capacity (minimum) slow-release watering bag. Basis of design for 20-gallon tree-watering bags is King 20-Gallon Tree Watering Bag as manufactured by King Bag and Manufacturing Co., (513) 541-5440.

B. 20-Gallon watering bags shall: 1. Fit 1-4” caliper trees. 2. Hold 20 gallons of water (minimum). 3. Continuously water for 5 hours (minimum). 4. Be constructed of UV-stabilized green polyethylene plastic with nylon webbing. 5. Be used only on trees with branches at least 30” above grade. 6. Be equipped with a fill opening up to 3” diameter hose. 7. Be warranted by the manufacturer for one year from the date of purchase against defects

in materials and workmanship.

2.11 DEER BARRIER GALVANIZED WIRE MESH

A. Galvanized after welding wire mesh barrier. 5’ width. ½” square mesh. 0.041 (19 ga.) wire.

2.12 DEER BARRIER J-HOOK GROUND STAKES

A. Basis of Design: Heavy-Duty 12” J-Hook Rebar Ground Stakes by Deer Busters, (888) 422-3337.

2.13 DEER BARRIER FENCE TIES

A. Basis of Design: 8” Self-Locking Heavy-Duty Stainless Steel Ties by Deer Busters, (888) 422-3337.


2.14 MISCELLANEOUS PRODUCTS

A. Antidesiccant: Water-insoluble emulsion, permeable moisture retarder, film forming, for trees and shrubs. Deliver in original, sealed, and fully labeled containers and mix according to manufacturer's written instructions.

B. Burlap: Non-synthetic, biodegradable.

C. Mycorrhizal Fungi: Dry, granular inoculant containing at least 5300 spores per lb of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and 95 million spores per lb of ectomycorrhizal fungi, 33 percent hydrogel, and a maximum of 5.5 percent inert material.

PART 3 - EXECUTION

3.1 EXAMINATION

A. Examine areas to receive plants for compliance with requirements and conditions affecting installation and performance. 1. Verify that no foreign or deleterious material or liquid such as paint, paint washout,

concrete slurry, concrete layers or chunks, cement, plaster, oils, gasoline, diesel fuel, paint thinner, turpentine, tar, roofing compound, or acid has been deposited in soil within a planting area.

2. Do not mix or place soils and soil amendments in frozen, wet, or muddy conditions. 3. Suspend soil spreading, grading, and tilling operations during periods of excessive soil

moisture until the moisture content reaches acceptable levels to attain the required results. 4. Uniformly moisten excessively dry soil that is not workable and which is too dusty.

B. Proceed with installation only after unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.

C. If contamination by foreign or deleterious material or liquid is present in soil within a planting area, remove the soil and contamination as directed by CITY and replace with new planting soil.

3.2 PREPARATION

A. Protect structures, utilities, sidewalks, pavements, and other facilities and turf areas and existing plants from damage caused by planting operations.

B. Install planting soil to specified depth in areas indicated on Drawings.

C. Install erosion-control measures to prevent erosion or displacement of soils and discharge of soil-bearing water runoff or airborne dust to adjacent properties and walkways.

D. Lay out plants at locations indicated on Drawings. Stake locations of individual trees and shrubs and outline areas for multiple plantings, and obtain CITY’s acceptance of layout before excavation or planting. Make minor adjustments as required.


E. Apply antidesiccant to trees and shrubs using power spray to provide an adequate film over trunks (before wrapping), branches, stems, twigs, and foliage to protect during digging, handling, and transportation. 1. If deciduous trees or shrubs are moved in full leaf, spray with antidesiccant at nursery

before moving and again two weeks after planting.

F. Wrap trees and shrubs with burlap fabric over trunks, branches, stems, twigs, and foliage to protect from wind and other damage during digging, handling, and transportation.

3.3 PLANTING AREA ESTABLISHMENT

A. Loosen existing subgrade of planting areas to a minimum depth of 4 inches. Remove stones larger than 2 inch in any dimension and sticks, roots, rubbish, and other extraneous matter and legally dispose of them off CITY's property.

B. Spread planting soil to a minimum depth of 12 inches for planting beds, and a minimum depth of 4 inches for the wildflower plant plugs areas as indicated on Drawings, but not less than required to meet finish grades after natural settlement. Do not spread if planting soil or subgrade is frozen, muddy, or excessively wet.

C. Soil Amendments: 1. Apply inorganic soil amendments as required to meet the acceptable pH range. 2. Apply fertilizers as recommended by the soil analysis report. 3. Install 1-inch depth compost and 1-inch depth manure on top of the planting soil. 4. Distribute evenly and incorporate thoroughly into planting soil.

D. Finish Grading: Grade planting areas to a smooth, uniform surface plane with loose, uniformly fine texture. Roll and rake, remove ridges, and fill depressions to meet finish grades. Finish grade to 1 inch higher than elevations indicated on the Drawings to allow settlement.

E. Before planting, obtain CITY’s acceptance of finish grading; restore planting areas if eroded or otherwise disturbed after finish grading.

F. Coordinate all planting operations with installation of proposed drainage structures. Refer to Drawings for more information.

3.4 EXCAVATION FOR TREES AND SHRUBS

A. Planting Pits and Trenches: Excavate circular planting pits with sides sloping inward at a 45-degree angle. Excavations with vertical sides are not acceptable. Trim perimeter of bottom leaving center area of bottom raised slightly to support root ball and assist in drainage away from center. Do not further disturb base. Ensure that root ball will sit on undisturbed base soil to prevent settling. Scarify sides of planting pit smeared or smoothed during excavation. 1. Excavate approximately three times as wide as ball diameter for balled and burlapped and

container-grown stock. 2. Do not excavate deeper than depth of the root ball, measured from the root flare to the

bottom of the root ball.


3. If area under the plant was initially dug too deep, add soil to raise it to the correct level and thoroughly tamp the added soil to prevent settling.

4. Maintain required angles of repose of adjacent materials as shown on the Drawings. Do not excavate subgrades of adjacent paving, structures, hardscapes, or other new or existing improvements.

5. Maintain supervision of excavations during working hours. 6. Keep excavations covered or otherwise protected when unattended by Installer's

personnel. 7. If drain tile is shown on Drawings or required under planting areas, excavate to top of

porous backfill over tile.

B. Existing planting soil removed from excavations may be used as planting soil backfill. Subsoil removed from excavations must be discarded.

C. Obstructions: Notify CITY if unexpected rock or obstructions detrimental to trees or shrubs are encountered in excavations. 1. Hardpan Layer: Drill 6-inch- (150-mm-) diameter holes, 24 inches (600 mm) apart, into

free-draining strata or to a depth of 10 feet (3 m), whichever is less, and backfill with free-draining material.

D. Drainage: Notify CITY if subsoil conditions evidence unexpected water seepage or retention in tree or shrub planting pits.

E. Fill excavations with water and allow to percolate away before positioning trees and shrubs.

3.5 INSTALLATION OF JUTE MESH

A. Jute mesh shall be placed in all landscape planting beds that exceed 3:1 slope. 1. Jute mesh shall be installed after installation of trees, but before installation of shrubs and

ornamental grasses.

B. Jute mesh and all plant materials shall be installed prior to installation of mulch.

C. Jute mesh shall be placed within 48 hours after finish grading or topsoiling of an area is completed. The jute mesh shall be placed in a manner that will minimize disturbance of the underlying soil. All equipment and application processes shall be approved by the CITY prior to use.

D. The surface shall be smoothed and all gullies and potholes backfilled prior to applying jute mesh. All rocks or clods larger than one inch in size and all sticks and other foreign material that will prevent contact of the jute mesh with the surface shall be removed. If the surface is extremely dry, the CITY may require watering prior to placement.

E. Jute mesh shall be placed uniformly, in contact with the underlying soil, in all landscape planting beds that exceed 3:1 slope. The top edge of each strip shall be anchored by placing a tight fold of mesh vertically in a six-inch deep slot or trench in the soil and tamping and stapling in place. Edges of adjacent strips shall be lapped six inches with a row of staples at a maximum interval of three feet in the lapped area. Bottom edges shall be lapped 12 inches over the next lower strip, if applicable, or buried as specified for top edges.


F. Edges of jute mesh shall be buried around the edges of catch basins and other structures.

G. Jute mesh shall be held in place by wire staples driven vertically into the soil. The mesh shall be fastened at intervals not more than three feet apart in three rows for each strip of mesh, with one row along each edge and one row alternately spaced in the middle. All ends of the mesh shall be fastened at six-inch intervals across their width.

3.6 INSTALLATION OF GALVANIZED WIRE MESH DEER BARRIER

A. All newly planted trees shall be encircled with a 5’ height x 18” diameter minimum loop of welded wire mesh tree protection barrier to prevent damage caused by deer and other animals.

B. Loop 5’x18”minimum wire mesh barrier panel around newly planted tree.

C. Close wire mesh barrier loop and secure vertical edges to one another with a minimum of three self-locking heavy duty stainless steel fence ties per loop.

D. Secure wire mesh barrier loop to ground by driving heavy-duty 12” J-hook rebar ground stakes vertically into the soil. Install three equally spaced stakes per loop. Center the loop on the trunk of the tree. Do not drive stakes into rootball.

3.7 TREE AND SHRUB PLANTING

A. Before planting, verify that root flare is visible at top of root ball according to ANSI Z60.1. If root flare is not visible, remove soil in a level manner from the root ball to where the top-most root emerges from the trunk. After soil removal to expose the root flare, verify that root ball still meets size requirements.

B. If container grown stock, break rootball apart before placing in the planting pit. If the plant is root bound, make vertical cut through the lower ¼ of the soil mass (do not cut major roots), pull out and straighten large, circulating roots.

C. Remove stem girdling roots and kinked roots. Remove injured roots by cutting cleanly; do not break.

D. Set balled and burlapped stock plumb and in center of planting pit or trench with root flare 2 inches above adjacent finish grades. 1. Use amended planting soil for backfill around the root balls, consisting of 3 parts

excavated material, 3 parts topsoil, 1 part manure, and 1 part leaf compost for each cu. yd. of backfill.

2. After placing some backfill around root ball to stabilize plant, carefully cut and remove burlap, rope, and wire baskets from tops of root balls and from sides, but do not remove from under root balls. Remove pallets, if any, before setting. Do not use planting stock if root ball is cracked or broken before or during planting operation.

3. Backfill around root ball in layers, tamping to settle soil and eliminate voids and air pockets. When planting pit is approximately one-half filled, water thoroughly before placing remainder of backfill. Repeat watering until no more water is absorbed.

4. Continue backfilling process. Water again after placing and tamping final layer of soil.


E. Set container-grown stock plumb and in center of planting pit or trench with root flare 1 inch above adjacent finish grades. 1. Use amended planting soil for backfill. 2. Carefully remove root ball from container without damaging root ball or plant. 3. Backfill around root ball in layers, tamping to settle soil and eliminate voids and air

pockets. When planting pit is approximately one-half filled, water thoroughly before placing remainder of backfill. Repeat watering until no more water is absorbed.

4. Continue backfilling process. Water again after placing and tamping final layer of soil.

3.8 LIVE STAKE INSTALLATION

A. Live stakes installed through riprap shall extend through the surface of the stone fill. At least half the length shall be inserted into the soil below the stone fill.

B. Minimum 2”-4” and two live buds of the live stake shall be exposed above the stone filling.

C. Live stakes shall be cut to a point on the basal end for insertion into the ground.

D. Use a dead blow hammer to drive stakes into the ground. The hammer head should be filled with shot or sand. A dibble, iron bar, or similar tool shall be used to make a pilot hole to prevent damaging the material during installation.

E. Tamp planting soil around the stakes.

F. Care shall be taken not to damage the live stakes during installation. Those damaged at the top during installation shall be trimmed back to undamaged condition.

3.9 TREE AND SHRUB PRUNING

A. Prune, thin, and shape trees and shrubs according to standard professional horticultural and arboricultural practices. Unless otherwise indicated by CITY, do not cut tree leaders; remove only injured, dying, or dead branches from trees and shrubs; and prune to retain natural character.

B. Do not apply pruning paint to wounds.

3.10 TREE STABILIZATION

A. Install trunk stabilization if site and plant material conditions warrant staking. 1. Upright Staking and Tying: Stake trees of 2- through 5-inch (50- through 125-mm)

caliper. Stake trees of less than 2-inch (50-mm) caliper only as required to prevent wind tip out. Use a minimum of two stakes of length required to penetrate at least 18 inches (450 mm) below bottom of backfilled excavation and to extend 60 inches above grade. Set vertical stakes and space to avoid penetrating root balls or root masses.

2. Use two stakes for trees up to 12 feet (3.6 m) high and 2-1/2 inches (63 mm) or less in caliper; three stakes for trees less than 14 feet (4.2 m) high and up to 4 inches (100 mm) in caliper. Space stakes equally around trees.


3. Support trees with bands of flexible ties at contact points with tree trunk. Allow enough slack to avoid rigid restraint of tree.

4. Support trees with two strands of tie wire, connected to the brass grommets of tree-tie webbing at contact points with tree trunk. Allow enough slack to avoid rigid restraint of tree.

3.11 PERENNIALS AND ORNAMENTAL GRASSES PLANTING

A. Set out and space plants other than trees and shrubs as indicated in even rows with triangular spacing, unless indicated otherwise on the drawings.

B. Use amended planting soil for backfill.

C. Dig holes large enough to allow spreading of roots.

D. For rooted cutting plants supplied in flats or plugs, plant each in a manner that will minimally disturb the root system but to a depth not less than two nodes.

E. Work soil around roots to eliminate air pockets and leave a slight saucer indentation around plants to hold water.

F. Water thoroughly after planting, taking care not to cover plant crowns with wet soil.

G. Protect plants from hot sun and wind; remove protection if plants show evidence of recovery from transplanting shock.

3.12 MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS

A. After planting is complete and written notification has been received of the acceptance of the plantings, the plant establishment and maintenance activities discussed below will occur. The plant establishment activities discussed below will occur for a period of 12-months following final acceptance of the work.

B. Watering: Installed plants will be watered using a portable water source. A water supply line is not available within the project area. Post planting watering will occur twice a week during June through September of the first year of establishment. Provide adequate water as required to supplement natural rainfall to establish healthy, viable plantings. Provide tree plantings with a slow release of water through the use of tree bags.

C. Inspections and Maintenance 1. Inspections and Maintenance will be conducted on a monthly basis, jointly with the CITY

on the working day closest to the first of every month. Maintenance will include the following activities, as necessary: a. Litter and debris removal. b. Pruning of broken or damaged twigs and/or branches. c. Insect and disease control as identified by the CITY. d. Replacement of non-surviving plants, including live stakes. e. Removal of noxious weeds. f. Removal of dead foliage from perennials.


2. If an inspection indicates that other corrective actions applicable to planting area conditions are needed (other than plant replacement), these will be completed within 10 working days of the inspection.

D. Plant Replacement: If, during the monthly inspections, a plant is identified as dead or worthy of replacement, the plant will be replaced during the next inspection/maintenance visit as long as it is within the approved planting window; if not, the plants will be replaced during the first regularly scheduled monthly inspection within the planting window. Replacements will be of the same species and quality as the plants they replace. Provide extended warranty for period equal to original warranty period, for replaced plant material. Refer to Part 1 for additional warranty information.

E. Early Spring Plant Maintenance: Prior to new spring growth perform the following: 1. Cut the previous year’s growth on perennials back to 3” above the ground. 2. Prune shrubs minimally only to remove dead, diseased, damaged or crossing branches

that are causing damage via rubbing. 3. Limb up trees to provide minimum 7' clearance above paths.

F. Noxious Weed Control 1. Public safety is a critical issue in regards to application of the mentioned products.

Warning signs notifying public of any chemical application will be conspicuously placed in areas to be sprayed 24 hours prior to any spraying activities. For liquid applications (as approved for aquatic use), the method of herbicide application shall be with a backpack sprayer. Pre-emergent applications will be applied with rotary hand spreaders. Appropriate Department of Agriculture forms will be completed and submitted to the CITY following each day that a herbicide is applied. Once initial planting is completed, plant establishment shall include the below listed application for the first year of establishment: a. October: Apply a pre-emergent application to all planting areas three feet above

high water mark. Also, spot spray application of non-selective, non-residual broad leaf herbicide (such as Rodeo / Liberate / Turf Trax) to control any existing weeds.

b. November - January: Spot spray application of non-selective, non-residual broad leaf herbicide (such as Rodeo / Liberate / Turf Trax) applied once monthly to control existing undesirable vegetation.

c. February: Apply a pre-emergent application to all planting areas three feet above high water mark. Spot spray application of non-selective, non-residual broad leaf herbicide (such as Rodeo / Liberate / Turf Trax) applied once monthly to control existing weeds.

d. March - September: Spot spray application of non-selective, non-residual broad leaf herbicide (such as Rodeo / Liberate / Turf Trax) applied once monthly to control existing undesirable vegetation.

2. As the site matures, there will be progressively less herbicide required in order to control weeds. Attention on a regular basis will be made to address the specific amounts of herbicides necessary in order to achieve weed free plantings.

G. Fill in as necessary soil subsidence that may occur because of settling or other processes. Replace mulch materials damaged or lost in areas of subsidence.

H. Apply treatments as required to keep plant materials, planted areas, and soils free of pests and pathogens or disease. Use integrated pest management practices whenever possible to minimize


the use of pesticides and reduce hazards. Treatments include physical controls such as hosing off foliage, mechanical controls such as traps, and biological control agents.

3.13 INSPECTION FOR SUBSTANTIAL COMPLETION

A. The CITY shall make an inspection for Substantial Completion of the Work of this Section upon the Contractor’s request. 1. Submit a written request for inspection at least one (1) week prior to the day on which the

inspection is requested. 2. The CONTRACTOR shall furnish a full and complete written program for maintenance

of the planting for review by the CITY at the time of the request for Substantial Completion inspection.

3. All planting shall be alive, healthy, and installed as specified to be accepted. 4. The maintenance period and warranty period shall commence after the inspection is

conducted and Substantial Completion is received in writing from the CITY.

3.14 FINAL ACCEPTANCE

A. Inspection to determine Final Acceptance of planted areas will be made by the CITY after completion of the initial maintenance period and upon the CONTRACTOR's request. Provide notification at least 7 working days before requested inspection date. 1. Planted areas will be accepted provided all requirements, including maintenance, have

been complied with and plant materials are alive and in a healthy, vigorous condition.

B. Upon final acceptance, CITY will assume plant maintenance.

3.15 CLEANUP AND PROTECTION

A. During planting, keep adjacent paving and construction clean and work area in an orderly condition.

B. Protect plants from damage due to landscape operations and operations of other contractors and trades. Maintain protection during installation and maintenance periods. Treat, repair, or replace damaged plantings.

C. After installation and before Substantial Completion, remove nursery stakes, tie tape, wire, burlap, and other debris from plant material, planting areas, and Project site.

D. Remove nursery tags from plants after final acceptance.

3.16 DISPOSAL

A. Remove surplus soil and waste material including excess subsoil, unsuitable soil, trash, and debris and legally dispose of them off CITY's property.



EXTERIOR PLANTS

32 93 00

PART 1 - GENERAL

1.01 SECTION INCLUDES

A. Plants, including Live Stakes.

B. Planting soils.

C. Mulches.

D. Fertilizers.

E. Jute Mesh.

F. Slow-Release Tree Watering Bags

G. Plant Maintenance.

H. Deer Barrier.


A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract, including General and Supplementary Conditions and Division 01 Specification Sections, apply to this Section.

B. Section 01 56 39 – Landscape and Vegetation Protection

C. Section 32 92 00 – Turf and Grasses

D. Section 35 01 50 – Stream Excavation and Fill

E. Section 35 42 37 – Boulders, Rip Rap, and Bedding

F. ODOT Item 659 – Seeding and Mulching

G. ODOT Item 660 – Sodding

H. ODOT Item 661 – Planting Trees, Shrubs, and Vines

I. ODOT Item 659

1.03 SCOPE

A. (NOT USED)


1.04 DEFINITIONS

A. Backfill: The earth used to replace or the act of replacing earth in an excavation.

B. Balled and Burlapped Stock: Plants dug with firm, natural balls of earth in which they were grown, with ball size not less than diameter and depth recommended by ANSI Z60.1 for type and size of plant required; wrapped with burlap, tied, rigidly supported, and drum laced with twine with the root flare visible at the surface of the ball as recommended by ANSI Z60.1.

C. Container-Grown Stock: Healthy, vigorous, well-rooted plants grown in a container, with a well-established root system reaching sides of container and maintaining a firm ball when removed from container. Container shall be rigid enough to hold ball shape and protect root mass during shipping and be sized according to ANSI Z60.1 for type and size of plant required.

D. Finish Grade: Elevation of finished surface of planting soil.

E. Live Stake: A stake or pole fashioned from live woody material.

F. Pesticide: A substance or mixture intended for preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating a pest. This includes insecticides, miticides, herbicides, fungicides, rodenticides, and molluscicides. It also includes substances or mixtures intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant.

G. Pests: Living organisms that occur where they are not desired, or that cause damage to plants, animals, or people. These include insects, mites, grubs, mollusks (snails and slugs), rodents (gophers, moles, and mice), unwanted plants (weeds), fungi, bacteria, and viruses.

H. Planting Area: Areas to be planted.

I. Planting Soil: Standardized topsoil; existing, native surface topsoil; existing, in-place surface soil; imported topsoil; or manufactured topsoil that is modified with soil amendments and perhaps fertilizers to produce a soil mixture best for plant growth.

J. Plant; Plants; Plant Material: These terms refer to vegetation in general, including trees, shrubs, vines, ground covers, ornamental grasses, perennials, bulbs, corms, tubers, or herbaceous vegetation.

K. Root Flare: Also called "trunk flare." The area at the base of the plant's stem or trunk where the stem or trunk broadens to form roots; the area of transition between the root system and the stem or trunk.

L. Stem Girdling Roots: Roots that encircle the stems (trunks) of trees below the soil surface.

M. Subgrade: Surface or elevation of subsoil remaining after excavation is complete, or the top surface of a fill or backfill before planting soil is placed.

N. Subsoil: All soil beneath the topsoil layer of the soil profile, and typified by the lack of organic matter and soil organisms.


O. Surface Soil: Soil that is present at the top layer of the existing soil profile at the Project site. In undisturbed areas, the surface soil is typically topsoil; but in disturbed areas such as urban environments, the surface soil can be subsoil.

1.05 SUBMITTALS

A. Product Data: For each type of product indicated, including soils. 1. Pesticides and Herbicides: Include product label and manufacturer's application

instructions specific to the Project. 2. Fertilizers: Include product label and manufacturer’s application instructions specific to

the Project.

B. Qualification Data: For qualified landscape Installer. Include list of similar projects completed by Installer demonstrating Installer's capabilities and experience. Include project names, addresses, and year completed, and include names and addresses of contact persons.

C. Product Certificates: For each type of manufactured product, from manufacturer, and complying with the following: 1. Manufacturer's certified analysis of standard products. 2. Analysis of other materials by a recognized laboratory made according to methods

established by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, where applicable.

D. Material Test Reports: For imported topsoil.


A. Installer Qualifications: A qualified landscape Installer whose work has resulted in successful establishment of plants. 1. Experience: Five years experience in landscape installation in addition to requirements in

00 43 10 Contractor’s Qualification Statement. 2. Installer's Field Supervision: Require Installer to maintain an experienced full-time

supervisor on Project site when planting work is in progress. 3. Pesticide Applicator: State licensed, commercial.

B. Soil-Testing Laboratory Qualifications: An independent or university laboratory, recognized by the State Department of Agriculture, with the experience and capability to conduct the testing indicated and that specializes in types of tests to be performed.

C. Soil Analysis: For each unamended soil type, furnish a written report about the soil analysis per ODOT Item 659.

D. Provide quality, size, genus, species, and variety of plants indicated, complying with applicable requirements in ANSI Z60.1.

E. Measurements: Measure according to ANSI Z60.1. Do not prune to obtain required sizes.

1. Trees and Shrubs: Measure with branches and trunks or canes in their normal position. Take height measurements from or near the top of the root flare for field-grown stock and container grown stock. Measure main body of tree or shrub for height and spread; do not


measure branches or roots tip to tip. Take caliper measurements 6 inches above the root flare for trees up to 4-inch.

2. Other Plants: Measure with stems, petioles, and foliage in their normal position.

F. Plant Material Observation: CITY may observe plant material either at place of growth or at site before planting for compliance with requirements for genus, species, variety, cultivar, size, and quality. CITY retains right to observe trees and shrubs further for size and condition of balls and root systems, pests, disease symptoms, injuries, and latent defects and to reject unsatisfactory or defective material at any time during progress of work. Remove rejected trees or shrubs immediately from Project site. 1. Notify CITY of sources of planting materials seven days in advance of delivery to site.

G. All trees and shrubs to be grown in nurseries located within 300 miles of Cincinnati, Ohio.

1.07 DELIVERY, STORAGE, AND HANDLING

A. Packaged Materials: Deliver packaged materials in original, unopened containers showing weight, certified analysis, name and address of manufacturer, and indication of conformance with state and federal laws if applicable.

B. Bulk Materials: 1. Do not dump or store bulk materials near structures, utilities, walkways and pavements,

or on existing turf areas or plants. 2. Provide erosion-control measures to prevent erosion or displacement of bulk materials,

discharge of soil-bearing water runoff, and airborne dust reaching adjacent properties, water conveyance systems, or walkways.

3. Accompany each delivery of bulk fertilizers and soil amendments with appropriate certificates.

C. Do not prune trees and shrubs before delivery. Protect bark, branches, and root systems from sunscald, drying, windburn, sweating, whipping, and other handling and tying damage. Do not bend or bind-tie trees or shrubs in such a manner as to destroy their nat

section 32 92 00 turf and grasses part 1 –...

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