section 19 - the nucleus and nuclear energy€¢••• calculating nuclear binding energy from...

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SECTION 19 - THE NUCLEUS AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY 19-1 -- The Nucleus • Protons and Neutrons • The Relative Size and Density of the Nucleus • The Energies Associated with Nuclear Reactions 19-2 -- Some Nuclear Definitions • Nucleons • Atomic Number (Z) and Mass Number (A) • Isotopes and Nuclides 19-2 -- Nuclear Stability and Radioactive Decay • A Typical Radioactive Decay Process 19-3 -- Types of Radioactive Decay Reactions • Alpha-Particle Production (α-particles) • Spontaneous Fission • Beta-Particle Production (β-particles) • Gamma Ray Production (γ-rays: photons) • Electron Capture • Positron Production (β + -particles) 19-5 -- Writing and Balancing Nuclear Reactions 19-5 -- Radioactive Decay Series 19-6 -- Half-Life (t ½ ) • Half-lives of Radioactive Nuclides • First-Order Decay Processes 19-6 -- Detection of Radioactivity • The Geiger Counter and Ar + (g) Detection 19-7 -- Carbon-14 Dating • Radioactive Decay and First-Order Kinetics 19-10 -- Nuclear Fission • Uranium-235 • Self-Sustaining Chain Reactions (subcritical, supercritical, and critical reactions) • Critical State and “Critical Mass” 19-12 -- Nuclear Fusion • Fusion Reactions in the Sun and in Stars • Fusion of Protons (H + ) to Form Helium (He) 19-13 -- Stability of the Nucleus 19-13 -- Mass Defect (Δm) • Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect

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Page 1: Section 19 - The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy€¢••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect ... Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must ... 19 - The Nucleus

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SECTION 19 - THE NUCLEUS AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY

19-1 -- The Nucleus

•••• Protons and Neutrons

•••• The Relative Size and Density of the Nucleus

•••• The Energies Associated with Nuclear Reactions

19-2 -- Some Nuclear Definitions

•••• Nucleons

•••• Atomic Number (Z) and Mass Number (A)

•••• Isotopes and Nuclides

19-2 -- Nuclear Stability and Radioactive Decay

•••• A Typical Radioactive Decay Process

19-3 -- Types of Radioactive Decay Reactions

•••• Alpha-Particle Production (α-particles)

•••• Spontaneous Fission

•••• Beta-Particle Production (β-particles)

•••• Gamma Ray Production (γ-rays: photons)

•••• Electron Capture

•••• Positron Production (β+-particles)

19-5 -- Writing and Balancing Nuclear Reactions

19-5 -- Radioactive Decay Series

19-6 -- Half-Life (t½)

•••• Half-lives of Radioactive Nuclides

•••• First-Order Decay Processes

19-6 -- Detection of Radioactivity

•••• The Geiger Counter and Ar+(g) Detection

19-7 -- Carbon-14 Dating

•••• Radioactive Decay and First-Order Kinetics

19-10 -- Nuclear Fission

•••• Uranium-235

•••• Self-Sustaining Chain Reactions (subcritical, supercritical, and critical

reactions)

•••• Critical State and “Critical Mass”

19-12 -- Nuclear Fusion

•••• Fusion Reactions in the Sun and in Stars

•••• Fusion of Protons (H+) to Form Helium (He)

19-13 -- Stability of the Nucleus

19-13 -- Mass Defect (∆∆∆∆m)

•••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect

Page 2: Section 19 - The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy€¢••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect ... Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must ... 19 - The Nucleus

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19-15 -- Thermodynamic Stability of the Nucleus (∆∆∆∆E)

•••• Units: “J/nucleon” vs. “MeV/nucleon”

•••• Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must be Taken into Account �

Page 3: Section 19 - The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy€¢••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect ... Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must ... 19 - The Nucleus

Page 4: Section 19 - The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy€¢••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect ... Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must ... 19 - The Nucleus

Page 5: Section 19 - The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy€¢••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect ... Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must ... 19 - The Nucleus

Page 6: Section 19 - The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy€¢••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect ... Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must ... 19 - The Nucleus

Page 7: Section 19 - The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy€¢••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect ... Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must ... 19 - The Nucleus

Page 8: Section 19 - The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy€¢••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect ... Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must ... 19 - The Nucleus

Page 9: Section 19 - The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy€¢••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect ... Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must ... 19 - The Nucleus

Page 10: Section 19 - The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy€¢••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect ... Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must ... 19 - The Nucleus

Page 11: Section 19 - The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy€¢••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect ... Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must ... 19 - The Nucleus

Page 12: Section 19 - The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy€¢••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect ... Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must ... 19 - The Nucleus

Page 13: Section 19 - The Nucleus and Nuclear Energy€¢••• Calculating Nuclear Binding Energy from Mass Defect ... Binding Energy Problems where Electron Mass Must ... 19 - The Nucleus

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