secondary sector
TRANSCRIPT
THE SECONDARY SECTOR: INDUSTRY María Jesús Campos Fernández. learningfromgeography.wikispaces.com
Secondary Sector
Industry
Construction
Industry
Industry Definition Historical development of industry Elements of the Industrial Process Types of Industry:
Base industry Capital goods industries Consumer goods industries Volume of raw materials: Light /Heavy Industry Number of employees: small, medium, large
Factors for industry location Traditional factors Current factors
Industrial Areas: Original, Modern, New Industrial Areas Environmental Problems Spain
Historical Development of Industry
First In
dustrial Revolution
• 18th century
• Energy: Coal
• Types of Industries: Metal and Textile
• Countries: United Kingdom; USA; France; Germany
Second In
dustrial Revolution
• 1870-1970• Energy: Oil and
electricity• Types of
Industries: Automobile, Chemicals, Iron and Steel, Household Appliance Industries.
• Innovations: Combustion Engine; Assembly Line Production
• Countries: Japan and Russia
Informati
on and Aut
omation Rev
olution
• 20th-21st century
• Energy: Oil, Nuclear Energy, New Reneawable Energy.
• Industries: Electronics, Information, Technology, Biotechnology
• Innovations: Automation, Telecommunications, the Internet.
First Industrial Revolution
Second Industrial Revolution
Third Industrial Revolution
Elements of Industry
•Natural resources or intermediate products are the raw materials that industry transforms into usable productsRaw materials and sources of
energy
•Labour is required to produce goods. Employees earn a salary in return for their work.Workforce
•Equipment, materials needed and skills required to manufacture a productTechnology
•Financing and investment. The retail price of a product has to be higher than production costs in order to generate profits and cover investment.Capital
Investment
•To guarantee that these elements function efficiently and ensure that high-quality goods are produced that can be sold at competitive prices
Management
Raw Materials and Sources of Energy
Workforce Unskilled Semiskilled Highskilled
Technology
Capital Investment
Management
Types of Industry: According to the origin of materials and the end user of a product
Base Industries:- Raw materials
into energy- Raw materials into half-finished
products for other industries
Capital Goods
Industries:- Second changes
to prepare products to supply
tools to other industries
(machinery, electrical
equipment, electronics, information
technology…)
Consumer Goods
Industries:- Products to be
sold directly to the consumer
(pharmaceutical, textile, footwear, food industries…)
Base Industries
Capital Goods Industries
Consumer Goods Industries
Types of Industry: According to the volume of raw materials
Heavy Industries:- Large quatities of
resources (raw materials, labour, captial and space)
Iron, Steel and Cement Industries
Light Industries:- The size of the
production sites tends to be relatively small.
Types of Industry: According to the number of employees
Small Industries:- Less than 50 employees
Medium Industries:- From 50 to 100 employees.
Large Industries:- More than 1000 employees
Factors for Industry Location Traditional factors:
Proximity to raw materials and energy sources
Proximity to market centres and consumption
Proximity to ports and transport routes
Abundance of low-skilled labour
Availability of capital to finance the infrastructure for industry (factores, equipment, motorways, railways, canals…)
Current factors: Access to raw materials
and energy sources Aboundance of cheap
labour but also of high-skilled workers
Availability of good communications: transport routes but also the Inernet
Access to a global market Support from the
govenrments to ease and foster the conditions for location, financing, acces to innovation, taxes…
Evolution of Industrial Areas Original industrial
areas: Mining areas Ports and rivers Urban areas
Modern industrial areas
New Industrial Areas:
Centres for advanced technology
Automated and high tecnology industries
Chinese industry
Environmental Impact
The Industrialisation Crisis Deindustrialisation Industrial Relocation:
Traditional Industries have relocated to cheaper areas: Developing Countries Industrial estates in the
outskirts of cities Innovative and High-
Technology Industries: Established in Science
Parks in economically flourishing cities to have acces to qualified workers, infrastructures and advanced services
Developed by María Jesús Camposlearningfromgeography.wikispaces.comChusteacherWikiteacher
Sources: rocio Bautista Slidehare ppt