second-generation current controlled conveyorkuntman/y_lisans/ele509e/... · 2011. 11. 20. ·...

Se

co

nd

-Ge

ne

ra

tio

nC

ur

re

nt

lld

()

Co

ntr

oll

ed

Co

nv

ey

or

(CC

CII

)

Ha

ka

nK

un

tma

n14

. 12

.20

09

Second GenerationCurrentControlled

Conveyor(CCCII)

•Severalcurrent modefiltersusingcurrent

conveyorshave

beenproposedin

!theliterature.!

•However,

mostof these

filterssufferfrom

the

lack

ofelectronicadjustability.

of electronic

adjustability.

•A!current mode!filtertheoretically!shouldexhibit!

hih

tti

dt

bl

high!output!im

pedance

!to!enable

!easy

!

cascadability

•to

!enable

!additionalfilterresponses!by!sim

ply

!

connecting!the!outputs.

gp


Conveyor(CCCII)

•By!using!the!second generation!current!

controlled!conveyor!(CCCII)!introducedbyFabre

!

et al.

(1995),

current conveyor applications can

be

extended

to

the

domainof!electronically!y

adjustable

!functions.

!

•Electronic

!adjustability!of!the!CCCII!is

!attributed

hd

dfh

ii

ito

!the!dependence

!of!the!parasitic!resistance

!at!

port

!x on

the

bias current of thecurrentconveyor.


Conveyor(CCCII)

Modelingofparasiticresistance

of!X!term

inal,!ideal

voltagebufferandseriesparasiticresistance

RX

I

VV

RY

XX

!

I X


Conveyor(CCCII)

•Theinputresistance

RXat!term

inal!x!is

!

proportional!to

!1/I

Ofor!BJT

realizations!

pp

il

fCMOS

lii

•proportional!to

!forCMOS!realizations!

•It!is!possible

!tocontrol!its!value!by!changing!

thbi

itI

the!biasing!currentIO.


Conveyor(CCCII)

Electrical symbol of the

CCCII.


Conveyor(CCCII)

hl

if

CCC

bh

id

•The!port

!relations!of!a!CCCII!can!becharacterized!

by

•where

thepositive

signdenotesapositive

current

•where

!the!positive

!sign!denotes!a!positive

!current!

controlled!conveyor!(CCCII+)!andthe!negative

!

signdenotesanegative

currentcontrolled

sign!denotes!a!negative

!current!controlled!

conveyor!(CCCII! ).


Conveyor(CCCII)

•The!conveyor!x input!im

pedance

!is!calculated!

asforbipolarCCCII!realization

p

2IV

I

VV

RT

YX

X!

!

•where

!VTis

the

therm

al voltage.

2I

Io

X

g

•The!x

input!im

pedance

!can!be!controlled!by

thbi

tI

thebiascurrentIo.


Conveyor(CCCII)

BipolarRealizationcircuitof!CCCII.


Conveyor(CCCII)

Fil

ter

Re

ali

za

tio

ne

mp

loy

ing

se

co

nd

-i

lld

ge

ne

ra

tio

nc

ur

re

nt-

co

ntr

oll

ed

co

nv

ey

or

s

S.M

ina

ei,

O.

Cic

eko

glu

,H.

Ku

ntm

an

, S

. T

ürk

öz,

“H

igh

ou

tpu

t im

ped

an

ce

Sa

e,

OC

ceo

gu

,u

ta

,S

üö

,g

ou

tpu

tp

eda

cecu

rren

t-m

od

e lo

wp

ass

, b

an

dp

ass

an

d h

igh

pa

ssfi

lter

su

sin

g c

urr

ent

con

tro

lled

co

nv

eyo

rs”,

IN

T.

J.

EL

EC

TR

ON

ICS

, 2

00

1, V

OL

. 8

8,

NO

. 8

, 9

15-

92

29


Conveyor(CCCII)

•Thecircuitof!Figure

(a) comprises one

CCCII+,

two

capacitors

and

one

resistor

p

•realizesbandpass

Filterat!high!output!

impedance

impedance.


Conveyor(CCCII)


Conveyor(CCCII)

•The!Filtershown!inFigure

3(b) uses one

CCCII+,

two

capacitorsand!one!resistor!for!realizing!

pg

lowpassFilterat!high!output!im

pedance.


Conveyor(CCCII)


Conveyor(CCCII)

•Thethirdcircuit!shown!

inFigure

(c) employs

g()

py

two

CCCII+, tw

o

capacitorsandone

capacitors

andone!

resistor,

hh

•produces!highpass

response

!at!high!

output!im

pedance.


Conveyor(CCCII)


Conveyor(CCCII)

hi

ii

i()

di

()

il•The!circuits!inFigure

(a) and

Figure

(c)can!easily

!

be!converted!to!voltage in!current out!circuits!

•Transadmittance

typefilterby!taking!the!

Theveninequivalent!of!the!signal!source.!

•The!m

odifiedconfigurationcan!be!used!to!

interface

!voltage!m

ode!filtersto

!current!mode!

ones.

!

•All!of!theproposed!filtersare

!attractive!for!

pp

integrated!circuit!implementation!for!sm

all!values

of!thecapacitors.

p


Conveyor(CCCII)

Sim

ulationresults


Conveyor(CCCII)

Th

filt

iltd

ithPSPICE

iit

ilti

•The!filtersare

!sim

ulated!with!PSPICE!circuit!sim

ulation!

program.!

•The!CCCII+!issimulated!using!the!bipolarim

plementation!

gp

pwith!symmetricalDC!supplyvoltages!of!2,5V.!

•The!PNP!and!the!NPN

!transistors

!in!CCCII+im

plementation!

are

simulatedusingtheparametersoftheNR100Nand

are

simulated!using!the!parameters

!of!the!NR100N

!and!

PR100N

!bipolar!transistorsgiven!in!table

!1.!

•The!bandpassfilteris

!designed!to!realize

!a!filterresponse

pg

pwith!a

!quality

!factor!of!Q

=2.19

and

natural frequency

of fo

=139.5

kHz.

•Thelowpassandhighpassfiltersare

designedto

realize

a•

Thelowpassand!highpassfiltersare

!designed!to!realize

!a!

Butterw

orth!type!filterresponse

(Q =0.707) with

a natural

frequency

of fo

=173.1

kHz.


Conveyor(CCCII)


Conveyor(CCCII)

Theoretical!and!sim

ulated!bandpassresponses.


Conveyor(CCCII)

Theoretical!and!sim

ulated!lowpassresponse.


Conveyor(CCCII)

Theoretical!and!sim

ulated!highpassresponse.


Conveyor(CCCII)

Variation!of!the!natural!frequency

!fowith

the

bias current Io

for the

bandpassfilter.


Conveyor(CCCII)

•The!variability!of!the!natural!frequency

!fowith

thebiascurrentIoforthebandpassfilter

the

bias currentIo

for the

bandpassfilter.

•It

can

be

seenthat!the!circuit!exhibits!a!large!

tuningrange

tuning!range.


Conveyor(CCCII)

Hig

hF

re

qu

en

cy

Ap

pli

ca

tio

ns

Hig

hF

re

qu

en

cy

Ap

pli

ca

tio

ns

Y L

k B

Gd

A F

b “

Cit

i

d E

td

Ci

ti P

t A

•

Y.

La

ky

s, B

. G

od

ara

, A

Fa

bre

, “C

og

nit

ive

an

d E

ncr

yp

ted

Co

mm

un

ica

tio

ns,

Pa

rt2

: A

N

ew A

pp

roa

chto

Act

iveF

req

uen

cy-A

gil

eF

ilte

rsa

nd

Va

lid

ati

on

Res

ult

sfo

ra

n A

gil

eB

an

dp

ass

To

po

log

yin

SiG

e-B

iCM

OS

”, P

roc.

of

EL

EC

O’2

00

9:

Th

e6

th I

nte

rna

tio

na

lC

on

fere

nce

on

Ele

ctri

cal

an

dE

lect

ron

ics

En

gin

eeri

ng

, V

ol.

2,

pp

.16

-29

, 5

-8

gg

,,

pp

9,

5N

ov

emb

er,

Bu

rsa

, T

urk

ey.


Conveyor(CCCII)

•T

he

circ

uit

s w

ere

inte

gra

ted

in

0.2

5

mS

iGe

BiC

MO

Ste

chn

olo

gy

fro

m

ST

Mi

lt

i

ST

Mic

oel

ectr

on

ics.

•T

he

tra

nsi

tio

n f

req

uen

cy o

f th

e N

PN

tra

nsi

sto

rs i

n t

his

tech

no

log

y i

s 5

5

GH

z; t

he

ver

tica

l P

NP

tra

nsi

sto

rs h

av

e fT

Po

f 6

GH

zG

Hz;

th

e v

erti

cal

PN

P t

ran

sist

ors

ha

ve

fTP

of

6 G

Hz.


Conveyor(CCCII)


Conveyor(CCCII)

•T

he

circ

uit

in

clu

des

th

ree

curr

ent

con

tro

lled

co

nv

eyo

rsw

ith

po

siti

ve

curr

ent

tra

nsf

er f

rom

X t

o Z

(C

CC

II+

).•T

he

sect

ion

co

nv

eyo

r (1

, 2

), c

ap

aci

tor

C1

an

d c

ap

aci

tor

C2

is

equ

iva

len

t to

a s

hu

nt

RL

C c

ircu

it.

Th

(

Q)

d

i

ill

i

f

hli

•T

he

con

vey

or

(Q),

con

nec

ted

as

a n

ega

tiv

e re

sist

an

ce;

all

ow

s tu

nin

g o

f th

eq

ua

lity

fa

cto

r o

f th

e fi

lter

th

rou

gh

th

e b

ias

curr

ent

IQ.


Conveyor(CCCII)

hi

lF

urt

her

Bip

ola

rS

tru

ctu

res

Neg

ati

ve

(in

ver

tin

g)c

urr

ent

con

tro

lled

curr

ent

con

vey

or


Conveyor(CCCII)

Fh

Bi

lS

Fu

rth

erB

ipo

lar

Str

uct

ure

s

Neg

ati

ve

(in

ver

tin

g)c

urr

ent

con

tro

lled

curr

ent

con

vey

or

wit

hco

mp

ensa

ted

Neg

ati

ve

(in

ver

tin

g)c

urr

ent

con

tro

lled

curr

ent

con

vey

or

wit

hco

mp

ensa

ted

ba

secu

rren

t


Conveyor(CCCII)

Fh

Bi

lS

Fu

rth

erB

ipo

lar

Str

uct

ure

s

Po

siti

ve

an

dn

ega

tiv

eco

nv

eyo

rsem

plo

yin

gca

sco

de

curr

ent-

mir

rors

Po

siti

ve

an

dn

ega

tiv

eco

nv

eyo

rsem

plo

yin

gca

sco

de

curr

ent-

mir

rors


Conveyor(CCCII)

CM

OS

SC

MO

S S

tru

ctu

res

Rx=

(gm102+

gm104+

gmbs102+

gmbs104)!1

(g

102+g

104)!1

(g

m102+

gm104)

)1

(//

)1

(//

rr

R!

!)

I (

//

)I

(//

rr

RO

PO

N

24

d34

O!

!

CM

OS

po

siti

ve

(no

nin

ver

tin

g)

co

nv

eyo

rC

MO

S p

osi

tiv

e(n

on

inv

erti

ng

) c

on

vey

or

Second

!GenerationCurrentControlled

Conveyor(CCCII)

CM

OS

St

tC

MO

S S

tru

ctu

res

CM

OS

ti

(iti

)

CM

OS

neg

ati

ve

(in

ver

tin

g)

co

nv

eyo

r

Second


Conveyor(CCCII)

CM

OS

Str

uct

ure

s

Rx=

(gm102+

gm104+

gmbs102+

gmbs104)!1

(g

m102+

gm104)!1

).r

.rg(

)//

.r.r

g(R

ds3

4ds3

3m

3ds2

4ds2

3m

3O!

Po

siti

ve

con

vey

or

emp

loy

ing

casc

od

e cu

rren

t-m

irro

rs

Second


Conveyor(CCCII)

CM

OS

Str

uct

ure

s

Neg

ati

ve

con

vey

or

emp

loy

ing

casc

od

e cu

rren

t-m

irro

rs

Second


Conveyor(CCCII)

Re

fer

en

ce

sR

efe

re

nc

es

•S

.Min

aei

, O

. C

icek

og

lu,H

. K

un

tma

n,

S.

Tü

rkö

z, “

Hig

h o

utp

ut

imp

eda

nce

cu

rren

t-m

od

e lo

wp

ass

, b

an

dp

ass

an

d h

igh

pa

ssfi

lter

su

sin

g c

urr

ent

con

tro

lled

co

nv

eyo

rs”,

In

tern

ati

on

al

Jo

urn

al

of

Ele

ctro

nic

s, 2

00

1, V

ol.

88

, N

o.

8,

915

-92

2•

S M

ina

ei O

Cic

eko

glu

H K

un

tma

na

nd

S T

ürk

öz

“E

lect

ron

ica

lly

Tu

na

ble

Act

ive

On

ly F

loa

tin

g

•S

. M

ina

ei,

O.

Cic

eko

glu

, H

. K

un

tma

na

nd

S.

Tü

rkö

z,

Ele

ctro

nic

all

y T

un

ab

le A

ctiv

e O

nly

Flo

ati

ng

In

du

cta

nce

sim

ula

tio

n”,

In

tern

ati

on

al

Jo

urn

al

of

Ele

ctro

nic

s, 2

00

3,

Vo

l.8

9,

No

. 12

, p

p.

90

5-9

12.

•D

.Y.

Ka

ym

ak

, K

on

tro

llu

akõm

ta õ

yõcõl

ard

a p

erfo

rma

ns

iyil

e t

irm

e ça

lõ m

ala

rõ,

M.S

c. T

hes

is,

!sta

nb

ul

Tec

hn

ica

lU

niv

ersi

ty,

Inst

itu

teo

f S

cien

cea

nd

Tec

hn

olo

gy

, 2

00

1.

•Y

. L

ak

ys,

B.

Go

da

ra,

A F

ab

re,

“Co

gn

itiv

e a

nd

En

cry

pte

d C

om

mu

nic

ati

on

s, P

art

2:

A N

ew

hi

ilil

dli

di

lf

ild

lA

pp

roa

chto

Act

iveF

req

uen

cy-A

gil

eF

ilte

rsa

nd

Va

lid

ati

on

Res

ult

sfo

ra

n A

gil

eB

an

dp

ass

To

po

log

yin

SiG

e-B

iCM

OS

”, P

roc.

of

EL

EC

O’2

00

9:

Th

e6

th I

nte

rna

tio

na

lC

on

fere

nce

on

Ele

ctri

cal

an

dE

lect

ron

ics

En

gin

eeri

ng

, V

ol.

2,

pp

.16

-29

, 5

-8 N

ov

emb

er,

Bu

rsa

, T

urk

ey.

•A

bu

elm

a’a

tti,

M.

T.,

an

d T

asa

dd

uq

, N

. A

., 1

99

8,

“A n

ov

el s

ing

le-i

np

ut

mu

ltip

le-o

utp

ut

curr

ent-

mo

de

curr

ent-

con

tro

lled

un

iver

sal

filt

er”,

Mic

roel

ectr

on

ics

Jo

urn

al,

29

,9

01-

90

5.

,,

9,

99

5•

Ab

uel

ma

’att

i, M

. T

., a

nd

Ta

sad

du

q,

N.

A.,

19

98

, “N

ew c

urr

ent-

mo

de

curr

ent-

con

tro

lled

filt

ers

usi

ng

th

e cu

rren

t-co

ntr

oll

ed c

on

vey

or”

,In

tern

ati

on

al

Jo

urn

al

of

Ele

ctro

nic

s, 8

5,

48

3±

48

8.

•A

lam

i, M

., a

nd

Fa

bre

, A

., 1

99

1, “

Inse

nsi

tiv

e cu

rren

t-m

od

e b

an

dp

ass

filt

erim

ple

men

ted

fro

mtw

o

curr

ent

con

vey

ors

”,E

lect

ron

ics

Let

ters

, 2

7,

89

7-

89

9.

Ah

i P

Nl

D

d A

d C

“

Ali

i

f f

ii

•

Aro

nh

ime,

P.,

Nel

son

, D

., a

nd

Ad

am

s, C

., 1

99

0,

“Ap

pli

cati

on

s o

f a

fir

st-g

ener

ati

on

cu

rren

tco

nv

eyo

rin

cu

rren

tm

od

eci

rcu

its”

, E

lect

ron

ics

Let

ters

, 2

6,

145

6-

145

7.

•C

ha

ng

, C

. M

., 1

99

1, “

Cu

rren

t m

od

e a

llp

ass

/no

tch

an

d b

an

dp

ass

filt

eru

sin

g s

ing

le C

CII

”,

Ele

ctro

nic

s L

ette

rs.

27

, 18

12-1

813

.•

Ch

an

g C

M 1

99

3 “

Cu

rren

t m

od

e lo

wp

ass

ba

nd

pa

ssa

nd

hig

hp

ass

biq

ua

ds

usi

ng

tw

oC

CII

s”

Ch

an

g,

C.

M.,

19

93

, C

urr

ent

mo

de

low

pa

ss,

ba

nd

pa

ssa

nd

hig

hp

ass

biq

ua

ds

usi

ng

tw

oC

CII

s,

Ele

ctro

nic

sL

ette

rs,

29

, 2

02

0-

20

21.

Second


Conveyor(CCCII)

Ch

C M

Ch

i C

C

d W

H Y

“

Ui

l ti

t

filt

ii

l

•C

ha

ng

, C

. M

., C

hie

n,

C.

C.,

an

d W

an

g,

H.

Y.,

19

93

, “U

niv

ersa

l a

ctiv

e cu

rren

t fi

lter

su

sin

gsi

ng

le

seco

nd

-gen

era

tio

n c

urr

ent

con

vey

or

”,E

lect

ron

ics

Let

ters

, 2

9,

115

9-1

160

.

•F

ab

re,

A.,

Ma

rtin

, F

., a

nd

Ha

na

fi,

M.,

19

90

, “C

urr

ent

mo

de

all

pa

ss/n

otc

h a

nd

ba

nd

pa

ssfi

lter

sw

ith

red

uce

d s

ensi

tiv

itie

s”,

Ele

ctro

nic

s L

ette

rs,

26

, 14

95

-14

96

.

•F

ab

re,

A.,

Sa

aid

, O

., a

nd

Ba

rth

elem

y,H

., 1

99

5,

“On

th

e fr

equ

ency

lim

ita

tio

n o

f th

e ci

rcu

its

ba

sed

o

n s

eco

nd

gen

era

tio

n c

urr

ent

con

vey

ors

”,A

na

log

In

teg

rate

d C

ircu

its

an

d S

ign

al

Pro

cess

ing

, 7

, 11

3-

129

.

•F

ab

re,

A.,

Sa

aid

, O

., W

iest

, F

., a

nd

Bo

uch

ero

n,

C.,

19

95

, “C

urr

ent

con

tro

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., a

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Za

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M.

H.,

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, “M

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., a

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, 7

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, 7

59

76

.

second-generation current controlled conveyorkuntman/y_lisans/ele509e/... · 2011. 11. 20. ·...

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