second agrarian reform communities development …

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECTAnalysis, Guidelines And Framework For Environmental Safeguard Policies

January 2002

E579

DEPARTMENT OF AGRARIAN REFORMGOVERNMENT OF THE P'HILIPPINES

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A. INTRODUCTION

B. STUDY FRAMEWORK

B.1 Study Approach

B.2 Organization of the Study Report

C. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

C.1 Conceptual Framework for Environmental Planning and Mbnagement

C.2 Philippine Environmental Framework

D. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES AND CONCERNS

D.1 Integration of Environmental Considerations in Project Cycle

D.2 Coverage under the Philippine EIS System (Issuance of CNC/ECC)

D.3 Preliminary Environmental Assessment

E. STRATEGIES AND APPROACHES

E.1 Strategic Environmental Planning for ARCDP II

E.2 Environmental Policies for ARCDP II

E.3 Environmental Management Systern for ARCDP II

Environmental GuidelinesComprehensive ARCD PlanContractor's Environmental Management GuidelinesIEC PlanCapability Building PlanInstitutional Plan

E.4 Implementation Requirements

Strategic Environmental Framework for ARCDP II

References

Interview conducted

Annexes

A Letter-Agreement of DENR-EMB with ARCDPB Memorandum of Agreement between DENR and DPWHC Preliminary Environmental Assessment, ARCDP IID Tentative Outline, Environnmental Guidelines (Operation Manual)

ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS

A. INTRODUCTION

The Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) is currently undertakingpreparation activities for Agrarian Reform Communities Development Project II(ARCDP II) for the consideration of World Bank (WB). ARCDP II is the successorproject of WB-funded ARCDP that is also currently being implemented by DAR.

In November 2000, a project preparation team was organized by DAR toprepare the necessary documents for the successor program. The TechnicalAssistant (TA) for environment was engaged 11 December 2000. The tasks of theTA are essentially to undertake environmental assessment of the project, determinepotential environmental effects of design alternatives and identify measures that willaddress/mitigate them. The TA was also tasked to undertake environmental analysisof subprojects and adopt mitigating measures to counter any adverse environmentalimpact.

B. STUDY FRAMEWORK

The overall objective of this study is to assess the potential environmentalimpacts of ARCDP II based on experiences from ARCDP I. Furthermore,appropriate measures shall be recommended to either mitigate the negative impactsor enhance the positive impacts.

In this context, the assessment was conducted using the study framework aspresented in Figure 1. The framework adopted a broad perspective of sustainabledevelopment (SD) principles. Specifically, the principles embodied in the OperationalFramework for Sustainable Developmente were used as the general premise. In thiscontext, assessment of environmental factors included institutional and technicalcapabilities. These were undertaken with the goal of defining issues, constraints andopportunities with regard to environmental factors.

Figure 1. Study Framework

Examine Examine ExamineInstitutional Technical OperationalCapabilities Capabilities Capabilities

Operational Framework for Sustainable Development. UNDP-funded IntegratedEnvironmental Management for Sustainable Development. Department of Environmentand Natural Resources. 1997/1999

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)INDIVIDUAL TA REPORT

Environmental Safeguards 1

B.1 Study Approach

Inasmuch as ARCDP l1 is the successor of an existing project, the projectimplementation scheme of ARCDP I was used as the basis of the assessment. Theinstitutional, technical and operational capabilities of the ARCDP projectimplementation system were assessed vis-a-vis potential environmental impacts andthe need for environmental protection.

On the institutional aspect, the assessment was conducted in terms ofavailability of any institutional system to monitor or assess environmental impacts.The assessment also covers the existence or non-existence of environmentalstandards or guidelines, the system of integrating environmental considerations inthe project operational scheme, the designation of responsible party to monitorenvironmental issues, and such related institutional element.

With regard to the technical aspect, the assessment was done to determine ifenvironmental concerns were incorporated in the design and implementation criteria.The review also covers the technical capability of personnel (in a general sense) toincorporate environmental elements into design and implementation schemes andtheir capability to conduct basic environmental assessment.

Finally, the assessment of the operational aspects was mainly in terms of theavailability of formal systems that actually monitor environmental impacts ofsubprojects implemented in the field, and the results of such monitoring if available.


Section A of this Report is the introduction while Section B deals with theStudy Framework or the methodology used in the Study. Section C discusses theConceptual Framework that serves as the scope and basis of the assessment.

Section D discusses the assessment of the institutional, technical andoperational schemes of ARCDP I. Finally, Section E recommends some Strategiesand Approaches through the development of a basic environmental managementsystem.

The annexes provide additional details such as the Letter-Agreementbetween DENR and ARCDP, Memorandum of A\greement between DENR andDPWH and the preliminary Environmental Assessment among others.


Sustainable development - the process of achieving economic developmentand environmental protection - is the core issue that affects the well-being of peopleand their natural habitat. Economic growth in the midst of growing poverty andcontinued environmental degradation will inevitably lead to disaster. In the context ofSD, poverty is both a cause and effect of environniental destruction. Poverty is anoverwhelming pressure on people who cannot meet their basic needs so that theycontinue exploiting an already degraded environmental resource/ecosystem.

The conceptual framework of ARC Develcpment calls for the reduction ofpoverty and the enhancement of the quality of life of target beneficiaries.2 This callsfor the empowerment of ARBs to improve their access to key support services and

2 Project Concept Document, ARCDP II. November 2000

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELDPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)INDIVIDUAL TA REPOR7


rural infrastructures so they can engage in econoriic activities that would increasetheir incomes. It also calls for an improved modality of land reform to speed up theimplementation of CARP.

The ARC Development approach requires a multi-sectoral approach toachieve sustainable rural development. The approach should insure the harmoniousintegration of a sound and viable economy, responsive government, social cohesionof the communities and ecological consideration in an integrated area developmentconceptual framework3 .

The significant accomplishments of ARCDF' provide the opportunity for theexpansion of its roles in area-based development. Consequently, ARCDP II can nowcontemplate on the environmental aspects of its activities. The framework forintegrated area development requires that environmental factors be taken intoaccount in economic and development planning.

The socio-economic benefits of ARCDP must not be negated by externalitiesdue to the environmental consequences of the project both durng construction andoperation phases. Proper design and planning can eliminate or reduce adverseenvironmental impacts to acceptable level, and enhance positive environmentalimpacts - thus optimizing overall project benefits.

Incorporation of appropriate environmental protection measures can best bedone through the EIA process. The EIA process must be seen as a complementaryactivity to the conventional FS regime. It should not be seen as a hindrance orobstacle to project implementation. EIA, if properly implemented, can enhance orenrich the project development activities.

C.1 Conceptual Framework for Environmentall Planning and Management

The planning and management of economic: development requires that thereis continuous flow of information to decision makers. EIA is as useful as a processand as a- format, for acquiring, analyzing and reporting information about the naturalenvironment. EIA complements and supplements the analysis and informationobtained from economic and engineering studies.

National needs and objectives are often mutually conflicting. The goal ofclean environment often competes with the need for economic development (e.g.,jobs, improved living standards, etc.). Conventional beliefs accept the fact that thereis a need to degrade environmental quality to achieve economic growth. Contrary tonegative (erroneous) conceptions like this, projects that were undertaken withoutconcern for environment often resulted in unacceptable damages to air quality, waterquality and other environmental resources including human health. In some cases,the extent of these damages led to the termination cr suspension of the project.

The conduct of EIA can provide a roadmap of potential dangers toenvironmental resources as well as of opportunities to maximize the utilization ofthese resources. Contrary to common perception, EIA is a constructive and pro-development tool that will improve sustainability and enhance the success potentialof any project.

Experiences have shown that the EIA undertaken as part of the FS process ishighly advantageous and cost effective. Close coordination and complementation

3 DAR MC-5, Series of 1999

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)INDIVIDUAL TA REPOR'T


between the FS and EIA team allow for the mutual integration/use of the findings byeach of the teams. This "exchange" of ideas during the study or project life removesthe need for expensive re-study, which usually happens when EIA is done after theFS so that some re-computation in the FS miglht be required to account forrecommended environmental measures. Furthermore, the findings of the EIA canhelp refine and enrich the criteria and specifications to be used in the detailedengineering phase.

In the context of integrated area development, consideration or incorporationof environmental requirements or measures at the outset of the planning cycle hadbeen found to be cost effective and have facilitated the EIA process for specificprojects or modules of the master (development) plan.

Environmental considerations can be integraled into either the project cycle orthe development planning process under the concept of project-EIA and strategicenvironmental assessment, respectively. For discussion purposes, the role of EIA inthe project cycle is presented in Figure 2.

Figure 2. EIA Inputs in the Project Cycle

--- '- --- -N Y l!

Pre- Feasibilityfeasibility D

Project Design andConcept Engineering

Monitoring& mEvaluation Implementation

The circle, representing the project cycle, had been the conventionalapproach since the 1960s. As an offshoot of the environmental movement,environmental considerations had been integrated into each major step of the projectcycle. This is why it is important that the EIA be undertaken simultaneously with FS.


The 1987 Philippine Constitution lays down the basic framework for nationalpolicy on the environment. Section 16, Article II states that 'The State shall protect andadvance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with therhythm and harmony of nature." Section 15 of the sam-re Article also mandates the State'to protect and promote the people's right to health."

Predating the constitution, Presidential Decree No. 1151 (otherwise known asthe "Philippine Environmental Policy") is the first policy issuance on EIS System in thePhilippines. Effective since 1977, section 4 thereof explicitly requires "all agencies andinstrumentalities of the national govemment, including govemment-owned andcontrolled corporations, as well as private corporations, firms and entUtUes to prepare anenvironmental impact system (EIS) for every action, project or undertaking whichsignificantly affects the quality of the environment."

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELO'MENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)INDIVIDUAL TA REPORT


The Philippine EIS System was formally established in 1978 by virtue of PD No.1586. Reiterating the policy statement under PD 1151, it declared environmentallycritical projects (ECPs) and projects within environmentally critical areas (ECAs) asprojects which require the submission of an environmental impact statement (EIS).Section 4 thereof provides that "no person, partnership or corporation shall undertake oroperate any in part such declared ECP orproject within an ECA without first securing anEnvironmental Compliance Certifcate (ECC)." PD 1586 also identified the lead agencyfor the implementation of the EIS System and provided sanctions for its violation.

The major categories of ECPs and ECAs were identified through PresidentialProclamation No. 2146, series of 1981. The categories were given technical definitionsby EMB's predecessor agency, the National Environmnental Protection Council (NEPC),through NEPC Office Circular No. 3, series of 1983.

Since the issuance of the foregoing, the EIS system has undergone severalrefinements to make it a more effective planning, management, and regulatory tool inaddressing environmental problems in the country. The DENR has consistentlyendeavored to strengthen and tighten the system, by continuously introducing newfeatures and requirements in response to changing economic realities and the growingenvironmental consciousness of the Philippine populace.

The latest of this effort is DENR Administrative Order (DAO) No. 37 series of1996 or DAO 96-37, which expressly supersedes DAO 21 series of 1992. DAO 96-37 is an attempt to further streamline the EIS system and to strengthen theprocesses for its implementation.


Of the three components under ARCDP I, it was deemed that the ruralinfrastructure component will have the most significant environmental impactcompared to the other components. Furthermore, l:he CD/TA and AED componentsare considered to have the potential to serve as vehicle to mitigate the negativeenvironmental impacts and enhance the positive ones. As such, the focus of theenvironmental assessment is the rural infrastructure component.

The scope of the rural infrastructure4 component includes the rehabilitationand construction of 810 km of roads and 810 meters of concrete bridges,rehabilitation and construction of communal irrigation facilities covering 10,000hectares, provision of potable water supply systems for 100 ARCs, and constructionof 80 units of multipurpose buildings.

As of November 20005, the accomplishments include 419.11 km of roadrehabilitation, 289.11 km of new road construction, irrigation facilities covering 4,850hectares, 2,422.28 lineal meter of bridge construction, 72 units of water systems and10 multipurpose buildings.


As implemented, there are three major pathways for integratingenvironmental considerations in the ARCDP project cycle. They are:

4 Progress Report for the World Bank Supervision Mission. November 2000Progress Report for the World Bank Supervision Mission. November 2000



* Preparation of individual subproject environmental assessmentdocument/s - the preparation of the IEEs or IEE Checklist (as per DENRrequirement for ECC issuances) is the most significant pathway orscheme for integrating environmental considerations.

As conceived by DENR 6, the EIA process is an opportunity whereenvironmental concerns can be weighed against economic ordevelopmental gains. It calls for the integration of sustainabledevelopment principles in project design and implementation.

* Design and Construction guidelines -- ARCDP has formulated andimplemented several guidelines covering the design, modes ofconstruction and other technical aspects of the project. Technicalguidelines, as a rule, can provide for a comprehensive list of optionsavailable for the design and construction aspects that can either enhancepositive environmental impacts or mitigate the negative impacts.

* Operation and Maintenance guidelines including M&E - ARCDP hadlikewise adopted several guidelines covering the operation andmaintenance phase including the M&E scheme. As a general rule, theM&E during the O&M phase is an effective mechanism to monitorenvironmental impacts of the project by observing or measuring theimprovement or deterioration of critical ecological systems affected by theproject (e.g., river system, forest ecosystem, swamp land or marsh land,agricultural ecosystem, etc.)

Based on a preliminary (very indicative) assessment as obtained from projectpersonnel, there are major gaps in and/or failures to effectively utilized thesepathways for environmental interventions.

The preparation of environmental assessment document/s is the most under-utilized of these pathways. It is generally perceived, both by the project staff andLGU-proponent as another bureaucratic requirement. It is not used as anintervention mechanism in the evaluation of environmental aspects of the project. Asa case in point, no environmental assessment was ever conducted on the use of thesoil stabilizers in road construction. The continued use of these soil stabilizers isbeing assessed purely on technical and economic bases.

In the aspect of design and construction, there are no formal systems thatmandate the inclusion of environmental considerations in the design andconstruction. For example, design and construction of irrigation facilities aregenerally based on adequacy of water resources and potential conflicts in waterrights (as based on the regime of NWRB water permits). There is no environmentalassessment in terms of a long-term adequacy or sustainability of water resources,more so with the issue of potential conflicts in terms of existing and future beneficialuses of the water sources to be tapped for the irrigation system. Water quality, ormore specifically, the impacts of agricultural practices on water quality downstreamhas never been a major consideration in the design or construction of the irrigationfacilities.

These systemic gaps or deficiencies are clearly demonstrated in the lack ofM&E criteria for the environment. Impact assessment for the project is essentiallylimited to the study of its economic and social impacts.

6 DENR Administrative Order No. 96-37 (IRR for Philippine EIS System)




There is a standing agreement with DENR on the coverage of the project under thePhilippine EIS System (Annex A). The only component covered is the ruralinfrastructure component at various levels (i.e., ECC or CNC requirements).

Under the DENR-DAR agreement, a CNC shall be obtained from DENRregional offices for road reconstruction/rehabilitation, irrigation facilities rehabilitation,drinking water system rehabilitation and multipurpose buildings. An ECC shall beobtained from DENR regional offices for extension of irrigation facilities andconstruction of drinking water systems. Although not included in the listing, it ispresumed that ECC had to be obtained for road construction in accordance with theprovisions of the MOA between DENR and DPWH (Annex B).

Existing guidelines7 requires the proponerit-LGU shall be responsible forprocuring the ECC from the appropriate DENR offices including other permits orlicenses from other government agencies. Reports from the field show significantlyweak accomplishments in terms of insuring that appropriate pre-developmentrequirements are fully complied with. In terms of compliance with the requirementsof the Philippine EIS System, reasons often cited lor failure to submit ECCs/CNCsare the following:

* Indifference or willful disregard by LGU concerned in obtaining ECC/CNC.* Lack of capability in preparing document/s that serves as basis for

obtaining the ECC/CNC.* Loss of interest in follow-up of ECC/CNC' applications due to red tapes or

bureaucratic obstacles/delays and/or alleged graft and corruptionssystemic to the DENR review process.

* Delay in processing of the ECC/CNC applications at the DENR RegionalOffices.

* Misunderstanding or misconception on the part of project staff with regardto the coverage of the Philippine EIS System.


There is a significant lack of environmental data, both baseline andmonitoring, that will allow a meaningful environmental assessment of the project.Neither DENR nor ARCDP was able to conduct environmental quality monitoringboth before and after project implementation. As such, the only possibleenvironmental assessment that can be done at this stage is indicative - reflectingtypical environmental impacts of similar or equivalent projects.

Except in rare cases, agricultural practices that are technically sound andsustainable are also environmentally sound and sustainable. However, certainaspects of commonly accepted practices must be carefully considered. Large-scaleconversion of ecologically important systems such as mangrove areas, marshlands,forestlands can bring about significant environmental impacts that may be adverse inthe long term. Adoption of appropriate agricultural practices may not be enough tooutweigh the negative impacts that may result from such conversion. Among thepotential adverse impacts are loss of soil fertility andl erosion.

7 Implementing Manual for Rural Infrastructure Components (pp 12)



In the pursuit of development, environrnental considerations must beintegrated into project planning and implementation. Potential adverse impacts fromcertain developmental projects can easily be mitigated by simple solutions. Annex Cdiscusses potential impacts, both positive and negative, that may be brought aboutthe Project.


The ARC Development framework embraces the concepts of sustainablerural development. Under this framework, DAR hopes to implement agrarian reformin order to attain social equity and promote sustainable development. Theaccomplishments under ARCDP I had a highly significant achievement in improvingthe economic outlooks of ARCs/ARBs. There is now a need for a paradigmadjustment in order to ensure that sustainability goes beyond the conventionalperspective (i.e., the activities and impacts of the Project will be sustained beyondproject life). The Project must also ensure that its activities shall be environmentallysustainable.

The basic strategy (Figure 3) through which ARCDP II shall try to attain suchobjective will be through the formulation and implementation of a basic environmentalmanagement system (EMS). The preliminary elements of such EMS are discussedin the succeeding sections.

E.A Strategic Environmental Planning for ARCDP II

Sustainable development can only be achieved with the active and informedparticipation of the community and other stakeholders. Under this concept, publicparticipation is a critical mode for achieving poverty alleviation and environmentalprotection. Development planners, in general, agree that public participation is anessential ingredient for the success of any project planning and developmentprocess. However, the elements that constitute public participation are morass ofcontradictions. The term "public" had always been confused or construed to meanthe local leader/s who may have no democratic legitimacy beyond being a member ofthe social or economic elite. And, "participation" had oftentimes been interpreted asthe role of the community to contribute manual labor to the project. Therefore,community empowerment is the key element of public participation. Finally, forcommunity participation to be effective, it must be informed.

Figure 3. Environmental Framework for Project Implementation

K]Environmental Project J__ ECC/ }i LAssessment j j Design I CNC

L;Env. Standards Project Environmenta| L.S&Criteria Implementation L Mgt. Plan f

M& E Prolect Env. Monitornn iL System L Operation I -Pl _



In this context, ARCDP II is at a crossroad of determining the direction of itsenvironmental strategic framework. It can continue its present path of emphasizingeconomic growth and devote most of its investment to activities that will increase theaverage incomes in an ARC/ARB. Or, it can start incorporating the principles ofsustainable development into the project process at a deeper, more meaningful level.

It is proposed that the ARC-beneficiary under ARCDP II be viewed at a higherlevel - in terms of its contribution and role in local development. Similarly,environmental considerations should now be viewed at a more sophisticated level.Instead of focusing on the environmental impacts of the activity at a project level, theentire milieu of environmental system must be integrated into the planning process.As a case in point, the formal system of environmental assessment must not onlyconsider the impact of an irrigation facility on water availability downstream, but alsothe impacts of watershed condition upstream of the project on the availability ofwater. Mitigation or enhancement measures to be implemented must not be limitedto those that can be undertaken by project beneficiary, but must also include thosewithin the purview of "higher" authorities (e.g., LGU, NIA, DENR, etc.). Thesemeasures will include such macro-efforts such as reforestation, watershedmanagement, etc.

Under this perspective, it is now imperative that a portion of project funds beinvested in empowering the community through training and other capability buildingexercises on environmental issues and concems. Environmental awareness mustnow be included in all capability-building activities to be undertaken by the project.For example, training on livestock raising must nlow include discussions on theenvironmental impacts including measures or techniques that will mitigate adverseimpacts.

E.2 Environmental Policies for ARCDP II

ARCDP II shall strive to achieve the mission8 of DAR in "implemenung CARPthrough the distribution of lands and provisions of support services in order to attainsocial equity and promote sustainable development'.

In order to achieve this basic objective, ARCDP 11 shall meaningfullyincorporate environmental consideration in its activities and subprojects. Therefore,ARCDP II adopts the following environmental goals as its guiding principles:

. Procedures to implement sound environmental management practicesthat allow for continued improvement within the EMS.

* Services that maximize the use of environment friendly materials or theuse of environmentally sound technologies that conserve the use of non-renewable resources.

* Methods to incorporate design and practice for environmentalconsciousness in the delivery of services.

8 DAR MC - 05 Series of 1999



* Identification of relevant environmental and safety requirements to meetgoals, objectives and targets formulated and defined throughintemal/external assessments and review.

E.3 Environmental Management System for ARCDP II

In order to ensure that the environmental management system for ARCDP IIis properly implemented, the following guidelines shall be adopted. The detailedmechanisms shall be incorporated in the Operation Manual that will be formulated forARCDP II (see Annex D for the tentative outline of the environmental section/s forthe Operational Manual).

Environmental Guidelines

Environmental considerations shall be integrated in all aspects of theimplementation scheme for ARCDP II activities in the following manner:

* All projects shall comply with relevant rules and regulations including butnot limited to PD 1586 (Philippine EIS System) and the WB Safeguardson Environment.

* All LGU-beneficiary shall demonstrate commitment and capability tointegrate environmental considerations ir its program of activities or actionplans.

* All stakeholders (e.g., contractor, NGO-partners, etc.) shall comply withrelevant environmental laws.

* No activities/subprojects shall be approved without the submission of aCNC or ECC as the case may be.

Comprehensive ARCD Plan

As screening or selection criteria, the proponent will be required to prepare acomprehensive ARCD Plan. The incorporation of environmental considerations inthe Plan shall be mandatory on a graduated scale. The requirements shall bediscussed in detail in the Operation Manual.

Contractor's Environmental Manaqement Guidelines

In the selection of contractors for the implementation of any/all ruralinfrastructure component, the following guidelines shall apply:

* Contractors shall demonstrate a good track record in terms ofenvironmental management systems/plans before they shall be allowed toparticipate. Such instruments shall be in the form of ISO certifications orcertification from DENR Regional OfficeXs concemed that they have notbeen cited for violations of any environmental laws.

. All contractors, upon qualification, shall submit written commitment tocomply with all environmental laws.

• All contractors shall comply with the guidelines and standards set forth inthe environmental management system of ARCDP II.

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)INDIVIDUAL TA REPORT _


IEC Plan

ARCDP 11 shall ensure that environmental issues and concerns related to itsactivities are adequately covered in its IEC activities. In this regard, it isrecommended that an IEC Framework shall be formulated to support and serve asthe basis in the implementation all IEC activities including the production of IECmaterals.

Capability Building Plan

ARCDP 11 shall ensure that environmental issues and concems areincorporated in the appropriate training activities. Furthermore, all frontlineimplementor of ARCDP 11 shall undergo basic orientation on the Philippineenvironmental legislative framework.

In this regard, it is recommended that a Capability Building Framework shallbe formulated b support and serve as the basis in the implementation of all trainingactivities.

Institutional Plan

In order to enhance the implementation mode of the EMS for ARCDP 11, thefollowing institutional measures are recommended for implementation:

* An environmental unit (EU) shall be created for ARCDP 11. DAR mayinstitutionalize such EU within a specified timeframe in compliance withE.O. 291 (Series of 1996) that mandated the creation of EU in allgovernment agencies.

. As an interim measures, ARCDP 11 shall designate the Sub-ProiectAppraisal Unit (SAU) as the technical secretariat of the EU. Suchsecretariat shall perform the functions of the EU until such time as it hasbeen formalized or created.

At the operational level, the various units of ARCDP shall implement thenecessary measures to insure the achievement of environmental goals. The RIUshall ensure that the screening criteria, contractor's qualification criteria, designstandards and other environmental standards/'criteria are complied with. Ifnecessary, the RIU shall extend technical assistance to the LGUs or beneficiaries incoordination with IDCB. The IDCB shall insure that environmental considerations areintegrated into its activities (e.g., EPM is incorporated in institutional developmenttrainings, environmental issues is integrated in IPM training, etc.) The AED shallinsure that entrepreneurial activities shall fully considered environmental factors.Specifically, AED shall consider the environmental impacts of individual agri-businessactivities (e.g., piggery, poultry, etc.) and the cumulative effects of all AEDinterventions as a whole.

At the supra management level, the SAU shall exercise oversight and overallmanagement on environmental issues. SAU shall insure that the various units ofARCDP 11 comply with environmental criteria/standards and guidelines. As a case inpoint, it shall insure that the various Comprehensive ARCD Plans contain thenecessary sections on environment. It should also verify that the appropriateenvironmental assessment has been undertaken and that the appropriate indicatorsare incorporated in the M&E System.




At the pre-implementation stage, ARCDP shall insure that proponents fullycomplied with environmental requirements. If necessary, the appropriate technicalassistance shall be extended (e.g., on the use of IEE checklist/s, conduct of EA,inclusion of environmental sections in the Comprehensive ARCD Plans, etc.).

It is estimated that the total budgetary requirement for implementing the EMSof ARCDP II is PhP 40.200,000 over six years.

Estimated Budgetary Requirement

Environmental Specialist 72 months c PhP 30,000/month2,160,000 (to be detailed at SAU)

Environmental 1,440,000 24 person-months @ PhPConsultants , , 60,000/month (as need arises)Preparation of Training Preparation and reproduction ofMaterials training materials:

l Module on EPM (600 copies)l Module on Philippine EIS

2,600,000 System (300 copies). Module on IEE Checklist

Preparation (300 copies)I Other modules (1,000 copies)

l ~~~~~~~~~~~(Module preparation: P 300,000 x! ~~~~~~~~~~~5 modules; repro: P 500/copy)

Conduct of Training Conduct of training: -Activities . ARCDP/DAR personnel (10

training-days, 200 pax)l .~~~~~~~~~~~ ARCs/ARBs (4 training-days,

200 pax per ARC)34,000,000 Estimates:

P 900/day/pax (ARCDPIDAR)I P 200/day/pax (ARCs/ARBs)l P 20,000/tng-day (resource

l _ persons, travel, etc.)TOTAL 40,200,000

Estimated Budgetary Requirement (Annual Allocation)f - j~~~~~~~~~M-

Environmental Specialist 360,000[Environmental Consultant/s (6 person-months) 360,000

1 Preparation of Training Materials 2,600,000iConduct of Training Activities (40% of total est.) 13,600,000

I________ |Total 16,920,000Environmental Specialist 360,000

2 Environmental Consultant/s (6 person-months) 360,000! ~~~Conduct of Training Activities (30' Yo of total est.) 10,200,000

l______ Total 10,920,0003 Environmental Specialist 360,000

__________ Environmental Consultant/s (4 person-months) 240,000

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVEILOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)INDIVIDUAL TA REPORT


Conduct of Training Activities ( 10°, of total est) 3,400,000| ________ ITotal 4,000,000

Environmental Specialist 360,000Environmental Consultant/s (4 person-months) 240,000Conduct of Training Activities (10% of total est.) 3,400,000

Total 4,000,000Environmental Specialist 360,000

5 Environmental Consultant/s (4 person-months) 240,000Conduct of Training Activities (1 0% of total est.) 3,400,000

l_________ Total 4,000,0006 Environmental Specialist 360,0006 I_________ Total 360,000

GRAND TOTAL 40,200,000

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)INDIVIDUAL TA REPORT'


Strategic Environmental Framework for ARCDP [II

Institutional weakness in Adopt integrated areaintegrating environmental development approachconsiderations

. Strengthen the ARCD . OM with environmental. Lack of mechanisms to Planning process elements adopted

integrate environmental . Incorporate env elements . Comprehensive ARCDconsiderations in the ARCD Plan Plan adopted as a pre-

. Lack of provisions for an qualification requirementEU Integration of environmental

. Lack of environmental consideration in the entireguidelines/standards ARCDP II project cycle

. Incorporate env agenda . Enhanced IECin IEC framework/plain framework/plan adopted

. Incorporate env agenda . Enhanced CAPBin CapB framework/plan framework/plan adopted

. Incorporate env criteria in . Enhanced M&E SystemM&E System adopted

Weakness/deficiencies in Strict implementation ofcomplying with requirements CNC/ECC requirementof the Philippine EIS System

. Conduct EA at the FS. Indifference or willful stage

disregard by LGU . Internal review of EA. . Incorporation of EA in FS. Lack of technical simultaneous with FS adopted as requirement

capability in EA review* Loss of interest due to . Submission of ECC a Incorporation of

alleged graft and application simultaneous evaluation systemcorruption with approval/evaluation included in OM

. Delay in DENR processprocessing * Final endorsement to be * CNC/ECC submitted

• Differing interpretation or accompanied by CNC/ before approval ofunderstanding ECC subproject/s

Strengthen technicalcapability at field level

. Preparation of orientation . Orientation manual onmanual for field environmental issuespersonnel prepared

. Conduct of training or . Training activities onorientation activities for environment conductedfield personnel

. Preparation of IEE I lEE checklist/s preparedchecklist/s

Strengthen institutionallinkages on EIS requiremnentsand processes

. Linkage/coordination with . Letters/agreementEMB on scope of EIS signed by EMB Directorrequirement

. Formulate quantrtative . Criteria of scope/criteria for determination coverage adopted asof coverage or scope of agreement or issued asEIS requirement MC by EMB



Lack of formal system for Formulate/develop anenvironmental considerations environmental managementin project implementation system (EMS) for ARCDP 11

. Lack of formal system for . Formulate environmental . Environmental policyincorporating env pol icy/s adoptedconcerns . Formulate environmental . EMS operationalized

. Lack of formal system for guidelinesrequiring environmental Develop mechanisms to . EAs conducted (e.g., soilstandards in design conduct internal environrnen- stabilizer, etc.)criteria and O&M tal assessment or studies on . Environmental screeningguidelines project elements with project criteria adopted (e.g.,

wide implications design criteria for RIB,CIF, etc.)

Lack of institutional Inculcate environmental . Awareness andmechanism for environmental values in institutional culture advocacy activities forissues and concerns of ARCDP II, and eventually environmental/SD issues

in DAR conducted. Lack of institutional Strengthen institutional . CapB activities on EPM

mechanisms to capacity on EPM conductedincorporate env concerns Create an EU for ARCDP 11, . EU createdand SD principles which may eventually be

. Absence of an EU adopted/absorbed by DAR I



REFERENCES

Environmental Assessment Sourcebook Volumes I, II and III (World Bank TechnicalPaper Number 139). Environment Department, World Bank. 1991

Environmental Guidelines for Selected Industrial and Power Development Projects.Office of the Environment, Asian Development Bank. 1988/1990/1993

How to Assess Environmental Impacts on Tropical Islands and Coastal Areas.Richard A. Carpenter and James E, Maragos. South Pacific Regional EnvironmentProgramme Training Manual, sponsored by Asian Development Bank. October 1989

Introduction to Environmental Engineering, 3ed. ML Davis and DA Cornwell. WCBMcGraw-Hill. 1998

Operational Framework for Sustainable Development. UNDP-funded IntegratedEnvironmental Management for Sustainable Development, Department ofEnvironmental and Natural Resources. 1997/1999

State of the Environment in Asia and the Pacific 1995. UN Economic and SocialCommission for Asia and the Pacific and Asian Development Bank. 1995

Various ARCDP, DAR, DENR and WB documents

INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED

ARCDP personnel

DAR personnel

DENR Personnel: DENR-EMB, DENR Region 6, DENR Region 7

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)INDIVIDUAL TA REPOIRT


Second Agrarian Reform Communities Development Project (ARCDP 2)Environmental Safeguards Operations Manual

Annex BIllustrative Guide for the Environmental Assessment,

Comprehensive ARC Development Plan

As a pre-qualification requirement, the preparalion of the Comprehensive ARCDevelopment Plan is mandatory. The CARCD Plan is not only useful fordevelopmental planning but will also greatly assis,t in the conduct of environmentalassessment.

This Illustrative Guide is intended to assist proponent in the collection and thepreparation of information that will be used for environmental assessment. ThisGuide is not intended to replace the data format presented elsewhere in theOperation Manual, but rather to supplement and complement those format and datarequirement.

Notes and instructions that are intended to guide the preparation and presentabon ofdata accompany each of the sample table, figure or matrix presented in this Guide.They should be followed to the fullest extent possible. The evaluation of thedocument/s will be principally based on the completeness of information presentedand the assessment done. This Guide also contains the checklists and formsneeded to evaluate the documents. These checklists and forms may be used asreference in the preparation of the environmental chapters of the CARCD Plan.

SAMPLE TABLE 1. MUNICIPAL AND ARC LAND AREA

BARANGAY TOTAL LAND CARP LANDAREA (hectarei AREA (hectare)

TOTAL

TOTAL LAND AREA (MUNICIPALITY)

NOTESIINSTRUCTIONS:

* Column 1 BARANGAY refers to the name of the barangays included in the ARC• Column 2 TOTAL LAND AREA refers to the total land area of the barangays expressed in

hectares* Column 3 CARP LAND AREA refers to the lancl area of the barangays that is covered by

CARP expressed in hectares* Last Row TOTAL LAND AREA (Municipality) refers to the total land area of the municipality

expressed in hectares

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)Draft Operations Manl al

Environmental Safeguards Annex B Page 2

SAMPLE TABLE 2. LAND USE CLASSIFICATIONMUNICIPALITY ARC BRGY

LAND USE (hectare) (hectare)

Agricultural areas

Forested areasProtected areas

Built up areas

Special use (mining/quarry)

Special use (tourism)

Special use (grassland/open) _

Special use (pasture/grazing) _

Others

TOTAL _

NOTES/INSTRUCTIONS:

* Column 1 LAND USE refers to classification or land use of a specific area* Column 2 MUNICIPALITY to the land area of 1he municipality for a particular land use

expressed in hectares* Column 3 ARC BARANGAY refers to the total land area of ALL barangays in the ARC for a

particular land use expressed in hectares* Row 2 AGRICULTURAL AREAS refers to the total land area utilized for agricultural

production. Examples are ricelands, coconut lands, sugarcane and othercroplands.

* Row 3 FORESTED AREAS refers to existing forest areas either by virtue of landclassification or actual cover. These lands usually occur in slopes below 50%and are predominantly under second growth dipterocarps with grass and brushundergrowth. Protected forest areas should be excluded from this category (seebelow).

* Row 4 PROTECTED AREAS refers to forest lands which have been reserved for forestpurposes. Existing national laws and policies may cover these areas or they maybe protected by local ordinances and community actions. Non-forestal protectedareas (e.g., protected seascapes, geological landmarks, military reservations,etc.) that are not covered under SPECIAL USE should be listed in separatecategories - additional row/s may be added for this purpose.

• Row 5 BUILT UP AREAS refers to areas designated for settlements/residential,commercial activities, industry, institutions, support infrastructures (e.g., roads,power, etc.) and other similar activities.

* Row 6 SPECIAL USE (mining/quarry) refers to areas reserved for exploitation orpresently exploited for mineral production (including land rendered unproductiveby deposites of extraction waste materials) and those which are positive for orereserves in sufficient quantities and grades to justify their extraction. Thiscategory includes proclaimed mineral reservations.

• Row 7 SPECIAL USE (tourism) refers to areas designated as tourism areas or havepotential tourism values due to their atesthetic value. This category may includeareas proclaimed as special tourism zones.

* Row 8 SPECIAL USE (grassland/open) refers to areas designated or classified asgrassland, open land or brushland. These areas are covered dominantly byshrubby vegetation or grass, devoid of trees or with very few isolated trees,denuded forests, abandoned croplands, or non-productive areas.

* Row 9 SPECIAL USE (pasture/grazing) refers to areas, in view of their terrain andvegetation, for the raising of livestocks. They are also known as rangelands.

* Row 10 OTHERS refers to other areas whose classification or land use does not fallwithin any of the categories mentionecl above.

* Last Row TOTAL refers to the sum of the figures in columns 2 and 3. It should be notedthat these figures should tally with the figures of Sample Table 1.

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)Draft Operations Manual


SAMPLE TABLE 3. LAND AREA CLASSIFIED AS TO SLOPE

SLOPE CATEGORIES MUNICIPALITY (hectare

0-3%

3 -8%

8 - 18%

18 -30%

30 -50%

50% and above

TOTAL _

NOTESIINSTRUCTIONS:

* Column 1 SLOPE CATEGORIES refers to the slcipe of the area in contrast to the elevationwhich is represented in the topographic map.

* Column 2 MUNICIPALITY to the land area of the municipality for a particular slope categoryexpressed in hectares

* Column 3 ARC BARANGAY refers to the total land area of ALL barangays in the ARC for aparticular slope category expressed in hectares

* Row 2 - 7 refers to the slope categories as defined in the OM.* Last Row TOTAL refers to the sum of the figures in columns 2 and 3. It should be noted

that these figures should tally with the figures of Sample Table 1.

SAMPLE TABLE 4. WATER RESOURCESNAME DENR FLOW RATE

CLASSIFICATION (Ips)

NOTES/INSTRUCTIONS:

• Column 1 NAME refers to the name of ALL water bodies in the area (e.g., rivers, creeks,lakes, etc.)

* Column 2 DENR CLASSIFICATION refers to the classification of the water bodies as DENRAdministrative Order No. 34. These data may be obtained from the concemedDENR Regional Office/s.

* Column 3 FLOW RATE (applicable only to river, stream and spring) refers to averageannual flow rate expressed in liter per second.



SAMPLE TABLE 5. AMBIENT WATER QUALITY _

PARAMETERS UNITS DENR RESULTSSTANDARD __ ___

Temperature °c none

pH

BOD mg/L

DO mg/L

Nitrate as Nitrogen mg/LPhosphate as Phosphorus mg/LToxic and other deleterioussubstancesTotal coliforms MPN/100 mL

Fecal coliforms MPNI100 mL

Total Suspended Solids mg/L

Total Dissolved Solids mg/L

Surfactants (MBAS) mg/L

Arsenic mg/L

Cadmium mg/L

Chromium mg/L

Lead mg/L

Total Mercury mg/L

NOTES/INSTRUCTIONS:

* PREPARATION One table shall be prepared for each water body to be tapped for drinking orirrigation purposes.

* Column 1 Parameters refer to the criteria listed in DENR Administrative Order No. 34. Atthe minimum, the following criteria shall be reported: temperature, pH, BOD, DO,nitrates, phosphates and presence of pesticides (Rows 2 to 8). The rest of theparameters are optional. Coliform assessment (Rows 9 - 10) shall be mandatoryif the water body shall be or is being tapped for drinking purposes.

* Column 2 UNITS refers to the units of measurernents usually used for reporting the resultsor criteria.

* Column 3 DENR STANDARDS refer to allowable limits established under DAO 34 based onthe classification of the water body.

* Column 4 RESULTS refer to results of the water sampling and analysis.



(Sample figure 1: longitudinal profile)



SAMPLE MATRIX 1 Impact Assessment and Mitigation/Enhancement Measures

PHASES PARAMETER IMPACTS ENHANCEMENT COST REMARKSMEASURES

Land

Pre- Airconstruction/ConstructionPhase

Water

People

Land

AirOperationalPhase

Water

People

NOTESIINSTRUCTIONS:

* Column 1 PHASES refers to the project stage when the impacts will be felt.* Column 2 PARAMETERS refers to the sector that will be affected.* Column 3 IMPACTS refers to specific activities and their impacts. Additional rows may be added as necessary. The following are illustrative entries:

For land: Top soil removal due to earthmoving activitiesErosion from exposed cutsLoss of vegetation due to land clearing

For water: Water pollution due to improper waste disposalIncreased silation

For people: Access through the area hampered by construction activitiesBetter or more employment opportunities

For air: Increased pollution from heavy equipment used during construction activities.Increased dusts

* Column 4 MITIGATING/ ENHANCEMENT MEASURES refers to environmental measures that will be undertaken to either mitigate negative environmental impactsor enhance positive one. Examples:

Erosion: Cover excavated or exposed cutsProvide siltation pond or silt traps

Dust: Regularly water exposed cutsWater pollution: Implement proper waste disposal system

Provisions for temporary sanitation facilitiesEmployment: Give priority to barangay residents

At least 80% of labor force will be sourced from local tesidernts* Column 5 ESTIMATED COST refers to cost or amount needed to implement the environmental measures - this is especially applicable for environmental

measures that are outside the scope of the WORK PROGRAM or CONTRACT.* Column 6 REMARKS refers to any clarification or qualificatory statements. Examples:

Impacts: Impacts are short term and reversibleImpacts are irreversibleImpacts are long term

Env measures: Mitigation measures incorporated in structural designEnhancement measures will be implemented by ABC, an NGO based in XYZ City

Estimated cost: Cost of mitigation measures already incorporated in contract amountMitigation measures will be funded by the Municipality of LMN from its regular budgetMitigation measures is part of the regular operation expenses of the project

SAMPLE MATRIX 2 Environmental Management Plan

ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM ACTIVITIES INSTITUTIONAL GUARANTEEARRANGEMENTSGURNE

Construction ContractorsEnvironmental Plan

Impact Monitoring Plan

Institutional Plan

Social Development Plan

Local Employment Plan

FC Plan

Watershed Management Plan

Water Quality Management Plan

Air Quality Management Plan

Solid Waste Management Plan

co

NOTES/INSTRUCTIONS:

* Column 1 ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM refers to activities or environmental measures that will be implemented. Additional rows may be added as necessary.* Column 2 ACTIVITIES refers to the activities that will be undertaken for a particular ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM. Examples:

IEC Plan: Info campaign to encourage waste segregationInfo campaign before the implementation of the project to minimize inconveniences to residents in the area

Institutional Creation of a Barangay Monitoring Team* Column 3 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS will provide details on who will implement the activities and who shall monitor such implementation.* Column 4 GUARANTEE refers to the instrument or systems that will insure the implementation of these activities. A MOA is a good example of such guarantee.

Surety or performance bonds and insurances are alternative instruments for guarantee.* Row 2 CCEP refers to the environmental plan of the contractor. It will include such elements as provisions for temporary sanitary facilities for workers, local

employment program (see below), construction spoils disposal plan, emergency plan, etc.* Row 3 IMPACT MONITORING PLAN refers to the scheme of monitoring the impacts of the project. In most cases, a Multi-partite Monitoring Team (MMT) does

this. Or, a barangay monitoring team may be organized to perform this function.* Row 4 INSTITUTIONAL PLAN refers to institutional changes that will be implemented by the proponent. The formation of an Environmental Unit would be a

good example.* Row 5 SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN is required if significant numbers of stakeholders will be affected. For example, an infrastructure project that will

displace a significant number of residents will be required to prepare an SDP.* Row 6 LOCAL EMPLOYMENT PLAN is required if there is a need to insure that the labor requirements will be sourced from the area.• Row 7 IEC PLAN is required if there is a need to undertake IEC campaign in order to ensure that environmental impacts are mitigated/enhanced.* Row 8 - 11 PLANS are only required if there is a need for such management scheme to ensure the environmental sustainability of the project. For example, a

watershed management plan may be needed for an irrigation system. Or, a water quality management plan may be needed if a major river is tappedeither for irrigation or drinking purposes.

SAMPLE MATRIX 3 Environmental Monitoring PlanPARAMETERS LOCATION FREQUENCY RESPONSIBILITY

NOTES/INSTRUCTIONS:

* Column 1 PARAMETERS refers to environmental parameters that will be monitored. For example: BOD, temperature, noise levels, streamflow, etc.* Column 2 LOCATION refers to the location where a particular environmental parameter will be monitored (sampling location/site)* Column 3 FREQUENCY refers to the frequency of monitoring or sampling (e.g., once a month, annual, every 6 months. etc.)* Column 4 RESPONSIBILITY refers to the office/unit/person who will be responsible for the conduct of the monitoring. In cases where the responsibility will fall on

a unit/office/person outside the control of the proponent, a written commitment from such party will be required. (For example, the LGU will specify thatDENR will do the water quality monitoring for XXX and YYY parameters, then the LGU should present a certification from DENR that it will conduct suchmonitoring.)

ARCDP 11 ENFORM NO. 1 PROCEDURAL REVIEWEnvironmental Section, Comprehensive ARC Development Plan

PROPONENT:ARC:

REVIEWCRITERIA REMARKS

PASS FAILECOLOGICAL PROFILELand resourcesWater resourcesClimateDevelopment settingsEnvironmental projectsTable on land areaTable on land use classificationTable on slope categoriesTable on water resources .Table/s on Water QualityMap, topographicMap, land useMap, slope_Map, erosionMap, flood prone areaMap, water resourcesFigure, longitudinal profile of water useENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTFuture condition without the project l_l_ _ _

Impact assessment and mitigationEnvironmental management plan _

Environmental monitoring planEnvironmental programMatrix 1, impact and mitigationMatrix 2, environmental mgt planMatrix 3, environmental monitoring planANNEXESIEE ChecklisV/sWater Permit/s=Other Permit/s

ACTION TAKEN: (Please check to indicate corresponding action taken)

El Document/s accepted D1 Document/s not accepted

Date: Evaluator:



INSTRUCTION FOR PROCEDURAL REV'IEWARCDP II ENFORM I

1. Using ARCDP II ENFORM 1, the Screening Officer (Evaluator) shall assessthe submitted documents in terms of the following:

* Completeness - the presence or absence of the required information

* Format - the information are presentecl in the required format or the mapsare of the right scale

2. The Screening Officer shall indicate, through a check/tick mark, under thePASS/FAIL column, if the document/s has fully complied with therequirements/criteria.

* It should be noted that the procedural r eview does not calls for evaluationof the adequacy or other substantive assessment of the document.

* If the criterion is not applicable, indicate "NOT APPLICABLE" under theREMARKS column.

* The REMARKS column shall be used to indicate the reason or basis forthe FAIL mark of a criterion.

3. If the documents have complied with all the requirements prescribed in thechecklist, which means PASS marks in all, it shall be forwarded to ---------------------------------------------- for substantivie evaluation.

4. If, however, the procedural evaluation of the documents results into even oneFAIL mark, then the documents are returned to the proponent for revision orsubmission of the missing requirement.



ARCDP 11 ENFORM NO. 2 SUBSTANTIVE REVIEWEnvironmental Section, Comprehensive ARC Development Plan

PROPONENT:ARC:

REVIEWCRITERIA PASS FAIL REMARKS

ECOLOGICAL PROFILELand resources, land areaLand resources, topography/elevationLand resources, slope rangesLand resources, erosion potentialLand resources, land use/classificationWater resources, baseline/potentialWater resources, water qualityWater resources, water useClimateDevelopment settingsEnvironmental projectsENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTFuture condition without the projectImpact assessment and mitigationEnvironmental management planEnvironmental monitoring planEnvironmental programMatrix 1, impact and mitigationMatrix 2, environmental mgt planMatrix 3, environmental monitoring plan__ANINEXESIEE Checklistts=Water Permit/s_Other Permit/s


O IEE Checklist/s are satisfactorily accomplished. Proponent may submit IEEChecklist/s to DENR Regional Office

D2 IEE Checklist/s are not satisfactorily accomplished, needs improvements orrefinements on:



H Document/s meets requirements: recommnend issuance of EnvironmentalClearance with the following recommended improvements/refinements:

O Document does not meet requirements on the following criteria:

Recommended improvements/refinements:

Date: Env Specialist:

ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCEH Environmental Clearance APPROVED.

HI Environmental Clearance DISAPPROVED on the followng grounds:

Date: Head of SAU:



INSTRUCTION FOR SUBSTANTIVE REVIEWARCDP 11 ENFORM 2

1. Using ARCDP 11 ENFORM 2, the Environmental Specialist shall assess thedocuments in terms of the following:

* Completeness of information - The document should furnish the requiredlevel of detail in accordance with the requirement of the OperationManual.

* Clarity of Presentation - the reviewers should easily understand thedocument, and the document should be comprehensive enough fordecision-making.

* Appropriateness - This will be measured in terms of conformance toprofessional and technical standards.

* Accuracy and Precision in Information/Assessment - This will be gaugedin terms of the adherence of the document to the standard method of datagathering, modelling, and analysis applied.

2. The Environmental Specialist shall indicate, through a check/tick mark, underthe PASS/FAIL column, if the documents has fully complied with therequirements/criteria.

3. The recommendabon/s of the Environmental Specialist shall be of two parts:

* IEE Checklist/s readiness for submission to DENR

/ IEE Checklist/s are satisfactorily accomplished. Proponent maysubmit IEE Checklist/s to DENR Regional Office

/ IEE Checklist/s are not satisfactorily accomplished, needsimprovements or refinements before the IEE Checklist/s can besubmitted to DENR Regional Office

* Issuance of Environmental Clearance

Documents meets requirements, Environmental Clearance may beissued with or without the need for minor improvements/refinements:

v Document/s does not meet requirements. Document/s to be returnedto proponent for improvements/refinements:

4. Based on the recommendation/s of the Environmental Specialist, the Head ofSAU may APPROVED/DISAPPROVED the issuance of the environmentalclearance. The Head of SAU, however, may set aside therecommendation/s of the environmental specialist provided the basis forsuch decision is clearly indicated.



ARCDP 11 ENFORM NO. 3 ENVIRONMENTAL COMPLIANCE REPORT

PROPONENT:

ARC:

Details of Contract:

ELEMENTS OF CONTRACTOR COMPLIANCE REMARKSENVIRONMENTAL PLAN PASS| FAIL

CONSTRUCTION METHODSStockpiling of materialsDisposal of construction spoilsMaintenance of equipment (pollution)Maintenance of equipment (noise)Dust suppression activitiesNoise suppression activitiesSilt/erosion prevention measuresSite/land clearing _

OVERALL SITE MANAGEMENT

Project site cleanliness/sanitationLaborers bunkhousesTemporary sanitation facilitiesSolid waste managementWater supply/disposal systems _ __

OTHERS


I Environmental compliance SATISFACTORY

D Environmental compliance NOT SATISFACTORY, recommending followingremedial actions/measures:

Date: Evaluator:SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DE'/ELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)

Draft Operations Manual


Annex CPRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMEN[T REPORTAgrarian Reform Communities Development Project II

A. INTRODUCTION

1.0 Classified as a "Category B" Project, there are no major environmental issuesanticipated under the Project. Nevertheless, steps should be taken toanticipate and deal with any environmental issues that may arise. In thisregard, a more limited environmental anallysis is appropriate as the projectmay have specific environmental impacts.

2.0 This report is the results of a preliminary environmental assessment ofselected (potental) ARCDP II sites. The assessment was based on data andinformation contained in the submitted FS Reports.

B. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF STUDY

3.0 The scope of the study are the potential ARCDP II sites which have submittedtheir FS Report:

* Asir ARC, Molave Zamboanga del Sur* Bulawen ARC, Palauig, Zambales* Bulihan ARC, San Antonio, Quezon I* Cambarus ARC, Pontevedra, Negros C)ccidental* Casiguran ARC, Casiguran, Sorsogon* Gubang ARC, Pagadian City, Zamboanga del Sur* Guimariz ARC, Buenavista, Agusan del Norte* Igang ARC, Masbate City* Jaybanga ARC, Lobo, Batangas* Limay ARC, Limay, Bataan* Magsimula ARC, San Jose, Mindoro Occidental* Mantilba ARC, Dumingag, Zamboanga del Sur* Pindangan II ARC, Camiling, Tarlac* Upig ARC, San Ildefonso, Bulacan

4.0 Inasmuch as the data and information were based on secondary sources (FSReports), the environmental assessment is preliminary in nature. The resultsare indicative of environmental impacts that may be caused by variousintervention measures (i.e., subproject activities). It is strongly recommendedthat caution be applied in using the results as the only basis to formulate orimplement site-specific environmental measures.

C. BASELINE INFORMATION

5.0 The average ARC covers about 4 barangays. In terms of land area, theaverage land area of an ARC is about 2,500 hectares. Of which, about 60%of the total land area is devoted to agriculture.

6.0 The average topographyis flat to gently rolling.7.0 Rivers are the principle source of water for most ARC except for the

Magsimula ARC that intends to use shallow tube wells. Except for two ARCs(Casiguran and Mantilba), there are no available estimated streamflowmeasurements.

Table Cl. Description of ARC in terms of Barangay Covered and Accessibility

ARC BRGY ACCESSIBILITY

Asir ARC

Bulawen ARC 2 8 km from town centerBulawen__________ _ ARC 222 km from Iba (prov capitol)

Bulihan ARC 7 km from town centeran____________ 54 km from Lucena City

Cambarus ARC 1 12 km from town center

Casiguran ARC 4 7 - 11 km from town center

Gubang ARC 6 14 km from Pagadian City

Guimriz C3 4 km from town centerGuimariz ARC 3 20 km from Butuan City

Jayag AC 724 km from town centerJaybanga ARC 7 sitios 50 km from Batangas City

Limay ARC 2 2.5 km from town centerLimay ARC 2 ~~~~~15 km from Balanga

Magsimula ARC 4 15 km from town center

Mantilba ARC 7 12 km from town center1.5 to 2 hrs from Pagadian City

Pindangan II ARC 13 km from town center

Upig ARC 13 purok/2 sitios 12 km from town center

Table C2. Description of ARC in terms of Land Area and TopographyARC | AREA (hectaresj TOPOGRAPHYARC ~~~TOTAL AGRI TPGAH

Asir ARC 3,207.67 1,515.19 Rolling to undulatingBulawen ARC 405.03 Level to nearly levelBulihan ARC 852.54 842.54 Flat to undulatingCambarus ARC 816.97 74% level / 26% gently slopingCasiguran ARC 1,950.44 1,156.54 Plain with some rugged areaGubang ARC 3,362.15 3,219.70 Gently sloping to moderately slopingGuimariz ARC 4,377.18 4,157.71 PlainJaybanga ARC 1,205.13 1,199.08 Rolling to hillyLimay ARC 4,710.98 3,412 Flat to hilly to mountainousMagsimula ARC 8,324.60 4,860.14 Generally flat to slightly rollingMantilba ARC 3,893.86 60% rugged & 40% lowland/rolling

Pindangan II ARC 618.16 597.16 Relatively flatUpig ARC 1,046.00 961.00

2

Table C3. Description of ARC in terms of Water SourcesARC SOURCE OF WATER REMARKS

Asir ARC Salug and Simata RiverBulawen ARC Salaza and Bagsit RiverBulihan ARC Ananzi and Bulihan Rivers + 7 deepwellsCambarus ARC

6 rivers (not named in 3 of 6 rivers have an estimatedCasiguran ARC report) stream flow of 1,767 - 2,505 IpsGubang ARC Lower Sibatang RiverGuimariz ARC Guihao-an River

Jaybanga ARC Jaybanga and LuksuhinJaybanga ARC RiversLimay Alangan River, Biga and

Leoco SpringsMagsimula ARC Shallow tube well

Mantilba ARC Timonan River Est stream flow: 459.9 - 643.86 lpsMantilba ARC Dipolo River Est stream flow: 1,335 - 1,869 IpsPindangan II ARC Camiling RiverUpig ARC Akle River

D. PRELIMINARY ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT

8.0 There is a significant lack of environmental data, both baseline andmonitoring, that will allow a meaningful environmental assessment of theproject. As such, the only possible environmental assessment that can bedone at this stage is indicative - reflecting typical environmental impacts ofsimilar or equivalent projects.

9.0 Except in rare cases, agricultural practices that are technically sound andsustainable are also environmentally sound and sustainable. However,certain aspects of commonly accepted practices must be carefullyconsidered. Large-scale conversion of ecologically important systems suchas mangrove areas, marshlands, forestlands can bring about significantenvironmental impacts that may be adverse in the long term. Adoption ofappropriate agricultural practices may not be enough to outweigh the negativeimpacts that may result from such conversion. Among the potential adverseimpacts are loss of soil fertility and erosion.

10.0 In the pursuit of development, envirc,nmental considerations must beintegrated into project planning and implementation. Potental adverseimpacts from certain developmental projects can easily be mitigated bysimple solutions. The following sections discuss potential impacts, bothpositive and negative, that may be brought about the Project.

D.1 Potential impacts due to construction of roads and bridges

11.0 At the design stage, the study should include analysis of soil conditions,slopes and grades, water drainage characteristics and adequacy, andneighboring ecosystems. Steep slopes and fragile soil conditons combinedwith heavy rainfall will result to significant increase in erosion and landinstability. Engineering design should include measures for erosion controland reduction of soil disturbance among others.

3

12.0 One significant consideration in the construction of roads and bridges ispotential impairment in the hydrology of the area due to inadequate culvertcapacity or blocking of natural drainage channells. Impacts may range fromlocalized flooding to slow recession of floodwater.

13.0 Another aspect that has to be carefully assessed is the amount of silt runoffsduring construction and after construction of roads. Inasmuch as most of theroads are not cemented, soil erosion is a major concern.

14.0 For construction of new roads requiring land clearing, land productivity willdefinitely be affected depending on initial soil conditons and the clearingmethods used. Among the various clearing or construction methods thathave the most impact is the mechanical method, which is also the mostwidely practiced. Potential of the new rc,ad to facilitate encroachment intosensitive ecosystems (e.g., forestland, swamp, marsh, etc.) must also becarefully assessed.

Proposed EnhancementMitigation Measures

15.0 An effective mitigation measure to reduce erosion during the constructionstage is to properly schedule construction activities. As much as possible,construction should be undertaken during dry season. Likewise, areasadjacent to the roads must be immediately re-vegetated after construction.Other mitigation measures include the careful planning of cut-and-fillactivities, provisions of silt traps (dike or ponds) to allow settling of solidparticles in runoffs.

16.0 To avoid drastically altering hydrology in the area, drainage measures (e.g.,bridges and culverts) must be appropriately and adequately spaced.

17.0 During actual construction, appropriate safety measures must be undertakento insure safety of workers from accident. Inasmuch as labor is the usualcounterpart of ARCs/ARBs, there's a need to inculcate the appropriate safetycultures among local laborers. Disease vectors which are common inconstruction projects (e.g., laborers' housing) can be adequately managed byprovisions for decent housing facilities, adequate water supply and properexcreta/solid waste management. Other nuisance impacts of constructionactivities (e.g., noise, dust) can also be mitigated by proper constructionactivities such as scheduling, regular watering, appropriate stockpilingschemes for construction materials and spoils, and other measures.

D.2 Potential impacts due to implementation of irrigation projects

18.0 One major impact associated with irrigation projects is disruption in hydrology.Modifications in local hydrology through water diversions for the irrigatonsystem may cause localized flooding or affect existing ecology (especiallyfisheries). Disturbance to ecology may also include impediments orobstruction to movement of wildlife, livestock or people in the area.

19.0 Changes in hydrology may also exacerbate the existing problem ofsedimentation or siltation that may either lead to reduced water supply for theirrigaton system or require higher maintenanoe costs due to excessive canalsiltation. Related to this concern is the potential for scouring in areas wherewater is actually diverted. Scouring can also occur in control structures,

4

culverts and other system infrastructure. On the other hand, sedimentabonover the long run may raise land levels and thereby impairing irrigationoperabon.

20.0 Another consideration in irrigation system implementation is the possibility ofoccurrence of water-oriented diseases. ODf particular concern here is theexistence of insect vector/s in area with incidents of malaria andschistosomiasis.

21.0 Inasmuch as irrigation project involves the use of water, cOnflict among usersand competition on water demands are potential problems. The issue mightbe rooted in the drainage system - in the siense that the drainage area for thewater source may not be adequate for the various uses or demands for water.A potential conflict may also arise if the downstream portion of the river isused for aquaculture. A reduction in water supply or significant changes inwater quality may adversely affect the aquaculture industry locateddownstream of the irrigation projects.

22.0 Diversion of water from the river system may also lead to problems in waterquality. Reduction in stream flow may lead to increased concentration ofpollutants in the downstream portion of the river. It is also possible thatpollutants especially from the use of agro-chemicals may results from returnirrigation flow or runoffs.

23.0 Other potential impacts of irrigaton system are the possibility of water loggingof soils, salinization of soil, soil alkalinization, and/or acid sulphate soilcontamination. Inevitably, abundance of water may also cause depletion ofsoil macronutrients, leaching of nutrients from the soil, and/or weedproliferation and eutrophication in drainage channels.

Pronosed Enhancement/Mitigation Measures

24.0 Prior to any approval of subproject proposal for irrigation projects, adequatestudies of the hydrological system must be undertaken. At the minimum, thestudy should consider the drainage characteristics and capacity, stream flowadequacy, sedimentation/siltation trends and flooding hazards. Existing andfuture beneficial uses of the river system, especially downstream of theirrigaton project, must also be assessed.

25.0 At the minimum, the implementation of any irrigation projects must be linkedto the procurement of the appropriate permits and licenses such as ECC/CNCand water permit.

26.0 During construction, adequate erosion control measures must beimplemented (e.g., proper rehabilitation of exposed cut-and-fill areas). Properdisposal of construction spoils or any clearing activities must be included aspart of the construction plan.

27.0 In areas where incidents of malaria or schistosomiasis have been reported,the assistance of DOH must be solicited for the conduct of an EHIA. TheEHIA must also study the health impacts of the use of agro-chemicals on thefarmers-beneficiaries.

28.0 In terms of water quality, measures to insure that agro-chemicals (e.g.,fertilizers and pesticides) are appropriately used must be instituted. As ageneral rule, only environmentally acceptable (degradable) pesticides mustbe used to avoid possible build-up or accumulation in the soils or streamsediment. Potentfal impacts on water quality can be mitigated with adequatetraining for farmers to adopt sustainable agricultural practices such as IPM,use of organic fertilizers or composts, and other environmentally soundfarming technologies. These mitigation measures can also reduce thepotential for eutrophication in down stream areas. In river systems used assource for drinking water, especially downstream of the irrigation projects,LGU (or, the water district) should undertake (at the minimum) a semi-annualtest of water for the presence of agro-chemicals.

29.0 The procedural (operational) scheme must include adequate provisions forcanal maintenance - especially in terms of weed growth. Excessive weedgrowth can seriously impair canal capacity and flushing capability. Weedgrowth control measures shall be applicable for both lined and unlined canalbanks. Farmers should be taught efficient water application and regularconduct of flushing to avoid salinization.

D.3 Potential impacts due to agricultural practices (e.g., agro-chemicals)

30.0 As a general rule, agricultural practices have significant environrmentalimpacts that are often overlook. One of the most overlooked aspects is thepotential to facilitate encroachment to sensitive ecosystems. This is mostoften the case in upland plantations or agriculture. Due to congestion inlowland (in terms of land availability for agriculture), development pressuretend to go upland - thereby encroaching on forestlands which are most oftenalready under pressure from logging activities. Another effect of this upwardpressure is the proliferation of kaingin practices. Inhabitants involved inupland agriculture are also inclined to encroach into the forest for their fueland food requirements.

31.0 Another consideration in upland agricultire is the adoption of appropriateplanting regime that will provide effective protection against soil erosion. Inmore marginal areas or lands with steep slopes, selection of tree species andintra-tree vegetation/crop must also consider its erosion control capabilityaside from its wildlife enhancement characteristics.

32.0 Erosion potential is not limited to upland agricultural plantations.Inappropriate lowland agricultural practices can also lead to sedimentation orsiltation problems downstream of the areai. The problem may also extend tocause deterioration in water quality, not only in terms of sediments, but alsodue to contamination by agro-chemicals.

33.0 The impacts on public health must also be considered - especially in terms ofwater quality and inappropriate use of agrochemicals. Health impacts fromtoxic materials (e.g., pesticides) may affect dealers/suppliers, thefarmers/applicators and the consumers. Pathways for such impacts may bethrough contamination of drinking water supplies, bioaccumulation throughthe food chain, and residues in agricultural products. The impacts of toxicsubstances will also affect the biota (e.g., flora and fauna). The effects mayrange from disruptions of the food chain to long-term negative effects on thereproductive processes of animals.

6

Proposed Enhancement/Mitigation Measures

34.0 The most effective management scheme for sustainable agriculture in anarea is the formulation and implementation of a sustainable land use plan. Awell-formulated plan will be able to balance the needs for food security andeconomic growth with environmental considerations. Encroachment tosensitive ecosystem can be easily mitigatedl with the proper implementation ofthe land use plan and other regulatons (ea.g., on protected area systems).Providing adequate economic activities and opportunities in the lowland mayalso reduce pressure on upland areas. The use of appropriate agriculturaltechnology can increase productivity thereby decreasing potentials for kainginpractices.

35.0 As discussed in previous sections, appropriate road and irrigation design andmaintenance schemes can mitigate the effects of intensified agriculturalpractices such as erosion and sedimentation. Likewise, effective use offertilizer may retard soil erosion due to increased vegetative covering.Effective education, training and information campaigns can help farmersavoid the use of banned pesticides or herbicides. Technical assistance in theform of advisory services in choosing the appropriate agrochemicals asassessed against the agro-ecosystem will also be able to reduce toxic runoffsto river systems.

36.0 IEC activities for farmers should also include basic safety systems. Such IECshould include awareness building and discussions on biodegradabilty andtoxicity of agrochemicals as well as the appropriate application methods.

E. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT STRATEGY

37.0 The environmental management strategy for ARCDP 11 was formulated withdue consideration of both the WB safeguards on environment and therequirements of the Philippine EIS System. Figure Cl illustrates theenvironmental framework for project implementation.

Figure Cl. Environmental Framework lfor Project Implementation

WB Safeguards on | hilippine EIS lEnvironment System

EnvirODnmental Project ECCIAssessment Design CNC

Env Standards Project Environmental | Cn?erna Implementation Mgt Plan

_ M & E i Projeclt l,_ Env. MonitoringSyste Operation I Plan

H}}'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ '

__ _ g _ _~~~~~~~~~~~~

38.0 It should be noted that no single mechanism could be aftributed ascompliance to either WB or GOP requirements exclusively. Each element(e.g., environmental assessment, formulation of environmental managementplan, etc.) is undertaken or implemented in compliance with the requirementsof both systems.

39.0 In the regulatory context, the Philippine EIS System requires that theproponent whether public or private entity, should acquire either a Certificateof Non-Coverage (CNC) or an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC)before any development takes place. In cooperation with DENR-EMB, a setof screening criteria is being developed for the determination of scope andcoverage of the regulatory system vis-a-vis ARCDP 11 project activites. Thedraft criteria are presented in Table C4.

40.0 A Memorandum of Agreement between A.RCDP 11 and DENR-EMB shall beexecuted to formalize the adoption of these criteria. Likewise, several sets ofInitial Environmental Examination (IEE) Clhecklist will be officially adopted byDENR-EMB for the use of ARCDP 11 and other proponents of similaractivities. ARCDP 11 will be assisting DE14R-EMB in the finalization of theselEE Checklists.

Scope and Covera e of the Philippine EIS Systlem (as drafted for ARCDP 11)COMPONENT ACTIVITIES CRITERIA REQUIREMENT

Institutional Devt and Training and Not covered under theCapability Building institutional none Philippine EIS SystemComponent assistanceAgri Enterprise Devt Training and Not covered under theComponent institutional none Philippine EIS System

assistanceLivelihood Rice/corn mill not exceeding

Activities 1.0 ton/houN input capacity

Backyard airimal farms not

exceeding 5,000 heads of Not covered under the

birds or 2 sews with 20 pigs Philippine EIS System

Sari-sari (or coop) store CNC may be issued

. . ~~upon request ofOrganic compost/fertilizer proponentproduction not exceeding

10,000 (50 kg) bags per

annum capacity

Cottage industries

Livelihood activities with Submission of duly

capacities in excess of the accomplished IEE

threshold Checklist/s as

application for ECC

Rural Infrastructure Rehabilitation of

Component roads & bridges Not covered under the

Philippine EIS System

Rehabilitation of

irrigation system none CNC may be issued

upon request of

Rehab of other proponent

I support systems I

8

COMPONENT ACTIVITIES CRITERIA REQUIREMENT

Construction of Roads with length in excessroads of 5 km that will traverse an

area with critical slope(>50%) Submission of EIS as

application for ECCRoads with length in excessof 20 km il not traversingan area with critical slopeRoads with length in excessof 3 km but less than orequal to 5 km that willtraverse an iirea with criticalslope (>50%) Submission of IEE as

Roads with length in excess application for ECCof 10 km but less than orequal to 20 km if nottraversing an area withcritical slopeRoads with length less thanor equal to 3 km that willtraverse an area with critical Submission of dulyslope (>50%) accomplished IEE

Checklist as applicationRoads with length less than for ECCor equal to 10 km if nottraversing an area withcritical slope

Rural Infrastructure Construction of 2 lanes with length in Submission of EIS asComponent bridges excess of 200 meters application for ECC(continuation) 2 lanes with length in

excess of 100 meters but Submission of IEE asless than or equal to 200 application for ECCmeters2 lanes with length in Submission of dulyexcess of 50 meters but accomplished IEEless than or equal to 100 Checklist as applicationmeters for ECC2 lanes with length of less Not covered under thethan or equal to 50 meters Philippine EIS System

CNC may be issuedupon request ofproponent

Construction of With service area in excessIrrigation System of 1 ,000 hectares

Reservoir storage capacity Submission of EIS asin excess of 25 million cubic application for ECCmeters

Reservoir area (flooded area)in excess of 25 hectaresWith servicia area in excess Submission of IEE asof 700 hectares but less application for ECCthan or equal to 1,000

Submission of EGGARWith servica area in excess Submission of dulyof 300 hectares but less accomplished IEEthan or equal to 700 Checklist as application

for ECC

9


With service area of less Not covered under thethan or equal to 300 Philippine EIS System


Construction of Level IlIl water systems with Submission of EIS aswater systems infiltration gallery application for ECC

Level IlIl water systems Submission of IEE asapplication for ECC

Level II water systems Submission of dulyaccomplished IEEChecklist as application

______ ______ _____ for ECC

Level I water systems Not covered under thePhilippine EIS System


Construction of Farmers' Exchange Centersinfrastructure Multi-purposa pavementsSupport Health centers Not covered under the

Classrooms/School buildings Philippine EIS System

(with lot area of less than CNC may be issued1.0 hectares in a rural area upon request offor 1,000 sqluare meters in proponenturban areas] and structuredoes not exceed 3 storeysin height)

41.0 In the milieu of project implementation, the environmental framework ishighlighted by the following elements:

* As a screening or selection criterion, a proponent shall submit aComprehensive ARCD Plan that will include environmental section/s.

* An environmental assessment (in the form of preparation of theappropriate IEE ChecklistVs) shall be undertaken simultaneous with theconduct of the FS.

* The evaluabon of the FS shall entail the simultaneous review of the EAboth internally and by the appropriate [)ENR Regional Office/s.

* The finalization of intervention measures, both infrastructure andentrepreneurial activities, shall consider the individual and cumulativeenvironmental impacts. Likewise, thie design of infrastructure systemsshall be in compliance with applicable environmental criteria andstandards.

* Proponents shall submit an ECC or a CNC before any subproject shall beapproved. Therefore, no fund releases shall be approved/albwed withoutthe submission of the CNC/ECC and other relevantpermits/clearances.

* Relevant and appropriate environmental indicators shall be taken intoconsideration during project supervision and monitoring. Likewise, the

10

formal M&E System of ARCDP 11 shall include adequate environmentalindicators.

42.0 The adoption of these measures is deemed adequate to insure that negativeenvironmental impacts are mitigated and that positive environmental impactsare enhanced. Hence, the requirement of both WB and GOP are fullycomplied with.

11

Second Agrarian Reform Communities Development Project (ARCDP 2)Environmental Safeguards Operations Manual

Annex CIEE Checklists

In coordination with DENR, Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Checklists havebeen developed tr selected ARCDP II projects:

* IEE Checklist for Irrigation Project - applicable for irrigation systems withservice area in excess of 300 hectares but less than or equal to 700hectares

* IEE Checklist for Road and Bridges Project - applicable for the followingprojects:

Roads - with length of less than or equal to 3 km if traversing an areawith critical slope (50%) OR roads with length exceeding 10 km but lesthan or equal to 15 km if not traversing an area with critical slopeBridges - applicable to 1 or 2 lanes bridges with length in excess of 50meters but less than or equal to 80 meters

* IEE Checklist for Water Supply (Level II) Project - applicable for ALLLevel II water supply system

Guidelines on Compliance with the Philippine EIS System

Presidential Decree No. 1151 (otherviise known as the "PhilippineEnvironmental Policy") is the first policy issuance on EIS System in the Philippines.Effective since 1977, section 4 thereof explicitly requires "all agencies andinstrumentalities of the national govemment, including govemment-owned andcontrolled corporations, as well as private corporations, finns and entities to prepare anenvironmental impact system (EIS) for every action, project or undertaking whichsignificantly affects the quality of the environment."

The Philippine EIS System was formally established in 1978 by virtue of PD No.1586. Reiterating the policy statement under PD 1151, it declared environmentallycntical projects (ECPs) and projects within environmentally critical areas (ECAs) asprojects which require the submission of an envwronmental impact statement (EIS).Section 4 thereof provides that "no person, partnership or corporation shall undertake oroperate any in part such declared ECP or project within an ECA without first securing anEnvironmental Compliance Certificate (ECC)."

The major categories of ECPs and ECAs were identified through PresidentialProclamation No. 2146, series of 1981. The categories were given technical definitionsby EMB's predecessor agency, the National Environmental Protection Council (NEPC),through NEPC Office Circular No. 3, series of 1983.

Since then, the EIS system has undergone several refinements to make it amore effective planning, management, and regulatory tool in addressing environmentalproblems in the country. The DENR has consistently endeavored to strengthen andtighten the system, by continuously introducing new features and requirements inresponse to changing economic realities and the growing environmental consciousnessof the Philippine populace.


DAO 96-37 is elaborated further in the Frocedural Manual for DAO 96-37,which is intended to provide a comprehensive guide for proponents and regulatorsalike. The Revised Second Edition is the latest version of the manual.

Scope and Coverage of the Philippine EIS SystemCOMPONENT ACTIVITIES CRITERIA REQUIREMENT

Institutional Devt and Training and Not covered under theCapability Building institutional none Philippine EIS SystemComponent assistanceAgri Enterprise Devt Training and Not covered under theComponent institutional none Philippine EIS System

assistanceLivelihood Rice/corn mill not exceedingActivities 1.0 ton/hour input capacity

Backyard animal farms notexceeding 5,000 heads of Not covered under thebirds or 2 sows with 20 pigs Philippine EIS System

Sari-sari (or coop) store CNC may be issued

Organic compost/fertilizer proponentproduction not exceeding10,000 (50 kg) bags perannum capacity

Cottage industriesLivelihood activities with Submission of dulycapacities in excess of the accomplished IEEthreshold Checklist/s as

application for ECCRural Infrastructure Rehabilitation ofComponent roads & bridges Not covered under the

Philippine EIS SystemRehabilitation ofirrigation system none CNC may be issued

upon request ofRehab of other proponentsupport systemsConstruction of Roads with ength in excessroads of 5 km thal will traverse an

area with critical slope(> 50%) Submission of EIS as

application for ECCRoads with length in excessof 20 km if not traversingan area with critical slopeRoads with length in excessof 3 km but less than orequal to 5 km that willtraverse an area with criticalslope (>50%) Submission of IEE as

Roads with length in excess application for ECCof 10 km b,ut less than orequal to 20 km if nottraversing an area withcritical slopeRoads with length less thanor equal to 3 km that willtraverse an area with critical Submission of dulyslope (>50%) accomplished IEE

Checklist as applicationRoads with length less than for ECCor equal to 10 km if nottraversing an area withcritical slope


Construction of 2 lanes with length in Submission of EIS asbridges excess of 200 meters application for ECC

2 lanes with length inexcess of 100 meters but Submission of lEE asless than or equal to 200 application for ECCmeters

Rural Infrastructure Construction of 2 lanes with length in Submission of dulyComponent bridges excess of 50 meters but accomplished IEE(continuation) (continuation) less than oi equal to 100 Checklist as application

meters for ECC2 lanes with length of less Not covered under thethan or equal to 50 meters Philippine EIS System


Construction of With servicE! area in excessIrrigation System of 1,000 hectares

Reservoir storage capacity Submission of EIS asin excess of 25 million cubic application for ECCmeters

Reservoir area (flooded area)in excess of 25 hectaresWith service area in excess Submission of IEE asof 700 hectares but less application for ECCthan or equal to 1,000

Submission of EGGARWith service area in excess Submission of dulyof 300 hectares but less accomplished IEEthan or equal to 700 Checklist as application

for ECCWith service area of less Not covered under thethan or equzal to 300 Philippine EIS System


Construction of Level IIl waler systems with Submission of EIS aswater systems infiltration gallery application for ECC

Level III water systems Submission of lEE asapplication for ECC

Level 11 water systems Submission of dulyaccomplished IEEChecklist as applicationfor ECC



COMPONENT ACTIVITIES CRIITERIA REQUIREMENT

Construction of Farmers' Exchange Centersinfrastructure Multi-purpose pavementsSupport Health centers

Classrooms/School buildings Not covered under thePhilippine EIS System

(with lot aria of less than CNC may be issued1 .0 hectares in a rural area upon request of[or 1,000 square meters in proponenturban areas] and structuredoes not e:ceed 3 storeysin height)

ENVIRONMENTAL SAFEGUARDS

A. INTRODUCTION

The Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR) is currently undertakingpreparation activities for Agrarian Reform Communities Development Project II(ARCDP II) for the consideration of World Bank ('WB). ARCDP II is the successorproject of WB-funded ARCDP that is also currently being implemented by DAR.

In November 2000, a project preparation team was organized by DAR toprepare the necessary documents for the successor program. The TechnicalAssistant (TA) for environment was engaged 11 December 2000. The tasks of theTA are essentially to undertake environmental asisessment of the project, determinepotential environmental effects of design alternatives and identify measures that willaddress/mitigate them. The TA was also tasked to undertake environmental analysisof subprojects and adopt mitigating measures to counter any adverse environmentalimpact.

B. STUDY FRAMEWORK

The overall objective of this study is to assess the potential environmentalimpacts of ARCDP II based on experiences from ARCDP I. Furthermore,appropriate measures shall be recommended to either mitigate the negative impactsor enhance the positive impacts.

In this context, the assessment was condLicted using the study framework aspresented in Figure 1. The framework adopted a broad perspective of sustainabledevelopment (SD) principles. Specifically, the principles embodied in the OperationalFramework for Sustainable Developmente were used as the general premise. In thiscontext, assessment of environmental factors included institutional and technicalcapabilities. These were undertaken with the goal of defining issues, constraints andopportunities with regard to environmental factors.

Figure 1. Study Framework

SD PrinciplesARCD Framework

Examine Examine ExamineInsfitutional Technical OperationalCapabilities Capabilities Capabilities

Operational Framework for Sustainable Development. UNDP-funded IntegratedEnvironmental Management for Sustainable Development. Department of Environmentand Natural Resources. 1997/1999



B.1 Study Approach

Inasmuch as ARCDP 11 is the successor of an existing project, the projectimplementation scheme of ARCDP I was used as the basis of the assessment. Theinstitutional, technical and operational capabilities of the ARCDP projectimplementation system were assessed vis-a-vis potential environmental impacts andthe need for environmental protection.

On the institutional aspect, the assessrnent was conducted in terms ofavailability of any institutional system to monitor or assess environmental impacts.The assessment also covers the existence or non-existence of environmentalstandards or guidelines, the system of integrating environmental considerations inthe project operational scheme, the designation of responsible party to monitorenvironmental issues, and such related institutional element.

With regard to the technical aspect, the assessment was done to determine ifenvironmental concerns were incorporated in the design and implementation criteria.The review also covers the technical capability of personnel (in a general sense) toincorporate environmental elements into design and implementation schemes andtheir capability to conduct basic environmental assessment.

Finally, the assessment of the operational aspects was mainly in terms of theavailability of formal systems that actually monitor environmental impacts ofsubprojects implemented in the field, and the results of such monitoring if available.


Section A of this Report is the introduction while Section B deals with theStudy Framework or the methodology used in the Study. Section C discusses theConceptual Framework that serves as the scope and basis of the assessment.

Section D discusses the assessment of the institutional, technical andoperational schemes of ARCDP 1. Finally, Section E recommends some Strategiesand Approaches through the development of a basic environmental managementsystem.

The annexes provide additional details such as the Letter-Agreementbetween DENR and ARCDP, Memorandum of Agreement between DENR andDPWH and the preliminary Environmental Assessment among others.


Sustainable development - the process caf achieving economic developmentand environmental protection - is the core issue that affects the well-being of peopleand their natural habitat. Economic growth in the midst of growing poverty andcontinued environmental degradation will inevitably lead to disaster. In the context ofSD, poverty is both a cause and effect of environmental destruction. Poverty is anoverwhelming pressure on people who cannot meet their basic needs so that theycontinue exploiting an already degraded envirormiental resource/ecosystem.

The conceptual framework of ARC Development calls for the reduction ofpoverty and the enhancement of the quality of life of target beneficiaries.2 This callsfor the empowerment of ARBs to improve their access to key support services and

2 Project Concept Document, ARCDP 11. November 2000



rural infrastructures so they can engage in economic activities that would increasetheir incomes. It also calls for an improved modality of land reform to speed up theimplementation of CARP.

The ARC Development approach requires a multi-sectoral approach toachieve sustainable rural development. The approach should insure the harmoniousintegration of a sound and viable economy, responsive government, social cohesionof the communities and ecological consideration in an integrated area developmentconceptual framework3 .

The significant accomplishments of ARCDP provide the opportunity for theexpansion of its roles in area-based development. Consequently, ARCDP II can nowcontemplate on the environmental aspects of its activities. The framework forintegrated area development requires that environmental factors be taken intoaccount in economic and development planning.

The socio-economic benefits of ARCDP must not be negated by externalitiesdue to the environmental consequences of the piroject both during construction andoperation phases. Proper design and planning can eliminate or reduce adverseenvironmental impacts to acceptable level, and enhance positive environmentalimpacts - thus optimizing overall project benefits.

Incorporation of appropriate environmental protection measures can best bedone through the EIA process. The EIA process must be seen as a complementaryactivity to the conventional FS regime. It should not be seen as a hindrance orobstacle to project implementation. EIA, if properly implemented, can enhance orenrich the project development activities.

C.1 Conceptual Framework for Environmental Planning and Management

The planning and management of economic development requires that thereis continuous flow of information to decision makers. EIA is as useful as a processand as a format, for acquiring, analyzing and reporting information about the naturalenvironment. EIA complements and supplements the analysis and informationobtained from economic and engineering studies.

Nabonal needs and objectives are often mutually conflicting. The goal ofclean environment often competes with the neeid for economic development (e.g.,jobs, improved living standards, etc.). Conventional beliefs accept the fact that thereis a need to degrade environmental quality to achieve economic growth. Contrary tonegative (erroneous) conceptions like this, projects that were undertaken withoutconcern for environment often resulted in unacceptable damages to air quality, waterquality and other environmental resources including human health. In some cases,the extent of these damages led to the termination or suspension of the project.

The conduct of EIA can provide a roadmap of potential dangers toenvironmental resources as well as of opportunities to maximize the utilization ofthese resources. Contrary to common perception, EIA is a constructive and pro-development tool that will improve sustainability and enhance the success potentialof any project.

Experiences have shown that the EIA undertaken as part of the FS process ishighly advantageous and cost effective. Close coordination and complementation

3 DAR MC-5, Series of 1999



between the FS and EIA team allow for the mutual integration/use of the findings byeach of the teams. This "exchange" of ideas during the study or project life removesthe need for expensive re-study, which usually happens when EIA is done after theFS so that some re-computation in the FS nmight be required to account forrecommended environmental measures. Furthermore, the findings of the EIA canhelp refine and enrich the criteria and specifications to be used in the detailedengineering phase.

In the context of integrated area developmrient, consideration or incorporationof environmental requirements or measures at the outset of the planning cycle hadbeen found to be cost effective and have facilitated the EIA process for specificprojects or modules of the master (development) plan.

Environmental considerations can be integrated into either the project cycle orthe development planning process under the concept of project-EIA and strategicenvironmental assessment, respectively. For discussion purposes, the role of EIA inthe project cycle is presented in Figure 2.

Figure 2. EIA Inputs in the Project CycleDetaWed assessment,|

ernwr'Maw ofmiUgatio needs,

Pre- FEtasibiliwS~eSsment - ifeasibility Fmiim u

Project Design andConoept Eng7i ring.enp

W'-hnm neaf.sJ\ Monitoring &Evaluation Implementation

The circle, representing the project cycle, had been the conventionalapproach since the 1960s. As an offshoot of the environmental movement,environmental considerations had been integrated into each major step of the projectcycle. This is why it is important that the EIA be undertaken simultaneously with FS.


The 1987 Philippine Constitution lays down the basic framework for nationalpolicy on the environment. Section 16, Article II states that "The State shall protect andadvance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with therhythm and harmony of nature. " Section 15 of the same Article also mandates the State"to protect and promote the people's right to health."

Predating the constitution, Presidential Decree No. 1151 (otherwise known asthe "Philippine Environmental Policy") is the first policy issuance on EIS System in thePhilippines. Effective since 1977, section 4 thereof explicitly requires "all agencies andinstrumentalities of the national govemment, including govemment-owned andcontrolled corporations, as well as private corporations, finms and entities to prepare anenvironmental impact system (EIS) for every action, project or undertaking whichsignificantly affects the quality of the environment."



The Philippine EIS System was formally established in 1978 by virtue of PD No.1586. Reiterating the policy statement under PD 1151, it declared environmentallycritical projects (ECPs) and projects within environmentally cnitical areas (ECAs) asprojects which require the submission of an environmental impact statement (EIS).Section 4 thereof provides that "no person, partnership or corporation shall undertake oroperate any in part such declared ECP or project within an ECA without first securing anEnvironmental Compliance Certificate (ECC)." PD 1586 also identified the lead agencyfor the implementation of the EIS System and provided sanctions for its violation.

The major categories of ECPs and ECAs were identified through PresidentialProclamation No. 2146, series of 1981. The categories were given technical definitionsby EMB's predecessor agency, the National Environmental Protection Council (NEPC),through NEPC Office Circular No. 3, series of 1983.

Since the issuance of the foregoing, the EIS system has undergone severalrefinements to make it a more effective planning, management, and regulatory tool inaddressing environmental problems in the country. The DENR has consistentlyendeavored to strengthen and tighten the system, by continuously introducing newfeatures and requirements in response to changingi economic realities and the growingenvironmental consciousness of the Philippine populace.



Of the three components under ARCDF' I, it was deemed that the ruralinfrastructure component will have the most significant environmental impactcompared to the other components. Furthermnoret, the CD/TA and AED componentsare considered to have the potential to serve ais vehicle to mitigate the negativeenvironmnental impacts and enhance the positive ones. As such, the focus of theenvironmnental assessment is the rural infrastructure component

The scope of the rural infrastructure4 cornponent includes the rehabilitationand construction of 810 km of roads and 810 meters of concrete bridges,rehabilitation and construction of communal irrigatbon facilities covering 10,000hectares, provision of potable water supply systerns for 100 ARCs, and constructionof 80 units of multipurpose buildings.

As of November 20005, the accomplishmnents include 419.11 km of roadrehabilitation, 289.11 km of new road construction, irrigaton facilites covering 4,850hectares, 2,422.28 lineal meter of bridge construction, 72 units of water systems and10 multipurpose buildings.


As implemented, there are three major pathways for integratingenvironmental considerations in the ARCDP project cycle. They are:

4 Progress Report for the World Bank Supervision Mission. November 20005 Progress Report for the World Bank Supervision Mission. November 2000



* Preparation of individual subproject environmental assessmentdocument/s - the preparation of the IEEs or IEE Checklist (as per DENRrequirement for ECC issuances) is the most significant pathway orscheme for integrating environmental considerations.

As conceived by DENR6, the EIA process is an opportunity whereenvironmental concerns can be weighed against economic ordevelopmental gains. It calls for the integration of sustainabledevelopment principles in project design and implementation.

* Design and Construction guidelines - ARCDP has formulated andimplemented several guidelines covering the design, modes ofconstruction and other technical aspects of the project. Technicalguidelines, as a rule, can provide for a comprehensive list of optionsavailable for the design and construction aspects that can either enhancepositive environmental impacts or mitigate the negative impacts.

* Operation and Maintenance guidelinies including M&E - ARCDP hadlikewise adopted several guidelines covering the operation andmaintenance phase including the M&E scheme. As a general rule, theM&E during the O&M phase is an effective mechanism to monitorenvironmental impacts of the project by observing or measuring theimprovement or deterioration of critical ecological systems affected by theproject (e.g., river system, forest ecosystem, swamp land or marsh land,agricultural ecosystem, etc.)

Based on a preliminary (very indicative) assessment as obtained from projectpersonnel, there are major gaps in and/or failures to effectively utilized thesepathways for environmental interventions.

The preparation of environmental assessment document/s is the most under-utilized of these pathways. It is generally perceived, both by the project staff andLGU-proponent as another bureaucratic requirement. It is not used as anintervention mechanism in the evaluation of environmental aspects of the project. Asa case in point, no environmental assessment wais ever conducted on the use of thesoil stabilizers in road construction. The continijed use of these soil stabilizers isbeing assessed purely on technical and economic bases.

In the aspect of design and construction, there are no formal systems thatmandate the inclusion of environmental considerations in the design andconstruction. For example, design and construction of irrigation facilities aregenerally based on adequacy of water resouros and potential conflicts in waterrights (as based on the regime of NWRB water permits). There is no environmentalassessment in terms of a long-term adequacy or sustainability of water resources,more so with the issue of potential conflicts in terms of existing and future beneficialuses of the water sources to be tapped for the irrigation system. Water quality, ormore specifically, the impacts of agricultural practices on water quality downstreamhas never been a major consideration in the design or construction of the irrigationfacilities.

These systemic gaps or deficiencies are clearly demonstrated in the lack ofM&E criteria for the environment. Impact assessment for the project is essentiallylimited to the study of its economic and social impacts.

6 DENR Administrative Order No. 96-37 (IRR for Philippine EIS System)




There is a standing agreement with DENR on the coverage of the project under thePhilippine EIS System (Annex A). The only component covered is the ruralinfrastructure component at various levels (i.e., ECC or CNC requirements).

Under the DENR-DAR agreement, a cNIC shall be obtained from DENRregional offices for road reconstruction/rehabiltation, irrigation facilities rehabilitation,drinking water system rehabilitation and multipurpose buildings. An ECC shall beobtained from DENR regional offices for extension of irrigation facilities andconstruction of drinking water systems. Althou(gh not included in the listing, it ispresumed that ECC had to be obtained for road construction in accordance with theprovisions of the MOA between DENR and DPWH (Annex B).

Existing guidelines7 requires the proponent-LGU shall be responsible forprocuring the ECC from the appropriate DENR offices including other permits orlicenses from other government agencies. Reports from the field show significantlyweak accomplishments in terms of insuring that appropriate pre-developmentrequirements are fully complied with. In terms of compliance with the requirementsof the Philippine EIS System, reasons often cited for failure to submit ECCs/CNCsare the following:

* Indifference or willful disregard by LGU concerned in obtaining ECC/CNC.. Lack of capability in preparing document/s that serves as basis for

obtaining the ECC/CNC.* Loss of interest in follow-up of ECC/CNC applications due to red tapes or

bureaucratic obstacles/delays and/or alleged graft and corruptionssystemic to the DENR review process.

* Delay in processing of the ECC/CNC applications at the DENR RegionalOffices.

* Misunderstanding or misconception on the part of project staff with regardto the coverage of the Philippine EIS System.


There is a significant lack of environmental data, both baseline andmonitoring, that will allow a meaningful environmental assessment of the project.Neither DENR nor ARCDP was able to conduct environmental quality monitoringboth before and after project implementation. As such, the only possibleenvironmental assessment that can be done at this stage is indicative - reflectingtypical environmental impacts of similar or equivalent projects.

Except in rare cases, agricultural practices that are technically sound andsustainable are also environmentally sound and sustainable. However, certainaspects of commonly accepted practices must be carefully considered. Large-scaleconversion of ecologically important systems such as mangrove areas, marshlands,forestlands can bring about significant environmental impacts that may be adverse inthe long term. Adoption of appropriate agricultural practices may not be enough tooutweigh the negative impacts that may result from such conversion. Among thepotential adverse impacts are loss of soil fertility and erosion.

7 Implementing Manual for Rural Infrastructure Components (pp 12)



In the pursuit of development, environmental considerations must beintegrated into project planning and implementation. Potential adverse impacts fromcertain developmental projects can easily be mitigated by simple solutions. Annex Cdiscusses potential impacts, both positive and negative, that may be brought aboutthe Project.


The ARC Development framework embraces the concepts of sustainablerural development. Under this framework, DAR hopes to implement agrarian reformin order to attain social equity and promote sustainable development. Theaccomplishments under ARCDP I had a highly significant achievement in improvingthe economic outlooks of ARCs/ARBs. There is now a need for a paradigmadjustment in order to ensure that sustainability goes beyond the conventionalperspective (i.e., the activities and impacts of the Project will be sustained beyondproject life). The Project must also ensure that its activities shall be environmentallysustainable.

The basic strategy (Figure 3) through which ARCDP II shall try to attain suchobjective will be through the formulation and implementation of a basic environmentalmanagement system (EMS). The preliminary elements of such EMS are discussedin the succeeding sections.

E.1 Strategic Environmental Planning for ARCDP II

Sustainable development can only be achieved with the active and informedparticipation of the community and other stakeholders. Under this concept, publicparticipation is a critical mode for achieving poverty alleviation and environmentalprotection. Development planners, in general, agree that public participation is anessential ingredient for the success of any project planning and developmentprocess. However, the elements that constitute public participation are morass ofcontradictions. The term "public" had always been confused or construed to meanthe local leader/s who may have no democratic legitimacy beyond being a member ofthe social or economic elite. And, "participation" had oftentimes been interpreted asthe role of the community to contribute manual labor to the project. Therefore,community empowerment is the key element of public participation. Finally, forcommunity participation to be effective, it must be informed.

Figure 3. Environmental Framework lfor Project Implementation

WB Safeguards on F'hilippine EISEnvironment System

EnvEronmental Progect IdECAsesetDesign CNC

< ro c EnvironrnentalI S Cibeia Irnpleretio Mgt Plan

l T~~~~~~~~~~~Pa

System ~~~ : :aOperato n Plan j



In this context, ARCDP 11 is at a crossroad of determining the direction of itsenvironmental strategic framework. It can continue its present path of emphasizingeconomic growth and devote most of its investment to activities that will increase theaverage incomes in an ARC/ARB. Or, it can start incorporating the principles ofsustainable development into the project process at a deeper, more meaningful level.

It is proposed that the ARC-beneficiary undler ARCDP 11 be viewed at a higherlevel - in terms of its contribution and role in local development. Similarly,environmental considerations should now be viewed at a more sophisticated level.Instead of focusing on the environmental impacts of the activity at a project level, theentire milieu of environmental system must be integrated into the planning process.As a case in point, the formal system of environmental assessment must not onlyconsider the impact of an irrigation facility on water availability downstream, but alsothe impacts of watershed condition upstream of the project on the availability ofwater. Mitigation or enhancement measures to be implemented must not be limitedto those that can be undertaken by project beneliciary, but must also include thosewithin the purview of "higher" authorities (e.g., LGU, NIA, DENR, etc.). Thesemeasures will include such macro-efforts such as reforestation, watershedmanagement, etc.

Under this perspective, it is now imperative that a portion of project funds beinvested in empowering the community through training and other capability buildingexercises on environmental issues and concerns. Environmental awareness mustnow be included in all capability-building activities to be undertaken by the project.For example, training on livestock raising must now include discussions on theenvironmental impacts including measures or techniques that will mitigate adverseimpacts.

E.2 Environmental Policies for ARCDP 11

ARCDP 11 shall strive to achieve the mission8 of DAR in "implementing CARPthrough the distribution of lands and provisions of support services in order to attainsocial equity and promote sustainable developnment'.

In order to achieve this basic objective, ARCDP Ii shall meaningfullyincorporate environmental consideration in its activities and subprojects. Therefore,ARCDP 11 adopts the following envirormental goals as its guiding prindples:

* Procedures to implement sound environmental management practicesthat allow for continued improvement within the EMS.

* Services that maximize the use of environment friendly materials or theuse of environmentally sound technologies that conserve the use of non-renewable resources.

* Methods to incorporate design and practice for environmentalconsciousness in the delivery of services.

8 DAR MC - 05 Series of 1999



Identification of relevant environmental and safety requirements to meetgoals, objectives and targets formulated and defined throughinternal/external assessments and review.

E.3 Environmental Management System for ARCDP II

In order to ensure that the environmental management system for ARCDP IIis properly implemented, the following guidelines shall be adopted. The detailedmechanisms shall be incorporated in the Operation Manual that will be formulated forARCDP II (see Annex D for the tentative outline of the environmental section/s forthe Operational Manual.

Environmental Guidelines

Environmental considerations shall be integrated in all aspects of theimplementation scheme for ARCDP II activities in t:he following manner:

* All projects shall comply with relevant rules and regulabons including butnot limited to PD 1586 (Philippine EIS; System) and the WB Safeguardson Environment.

* All LGU-beneficiary shall demonstrate commitment and capability tointegrate environmental considerations in its program of activities or actionplans.

* All stakeholders (e.g., contractor, NGO-partners, etc.) shall comply withrelevant environmental laws.

* No activities/subprojects shall be approved without the submission of aCNC or ECC as the case may be.

Comprehensive ARCD Plan

As screening or selection criteria, the proponent will be required to prepare acomprehensive ARCD Plan. The incorporation of environmental considerations inthe Plan shall be mandatory on a graduated scale. The requirements shall bediscussed in detail in the Operation Manual.

Contractor's Environmental Management G,uidelines

In the selection of contractors for the implementation of any/all ruralinfrastructure component the following guidelines shall apply:

* Contractors shall demonstrate a good track record in terms ofenvironmental management systems/plans before they shall be allowed toparticipate. Such instruments shall be! in the form of ISO certifications orcertification from DENR Regional Offices concerned that they have notbeen cited for violatons of any environmental laws.

* All contractors, upon qualification, shall submit written commitment' tocomply with all environmental laws.

* All contractors shall comply with the guidelines and standards set forth inthe environmental management system of ARCDP II.

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)INDIVIDUAL TA REPCORT


lEC Plan

ARCDP II shall ensure that environmental issues and concerns related to itsactivities are adequately covered in its IEC activities. In this regard, it isrecommended that an IEC Framework shall be formulated to support and serve asthe basis in the implementation all IEC activities including the production of IECmaterials.

Capability Building Plan

ARCDP II shall ensure that environmental issues and concerns areincorporated in the appropriate training activities. Furthermore, all frontlineimplementor of ARCDP II shall undergo basic orientabon on the Philippineenvironmental legislative framework.

In this regard, it is recommended that a Capability Building Framework shallbe formulated to support and serve as the basis in the implementation of all trainingactivities.

Institutional Plan

In order to enhance the implementation mode of the EMS for ARCDP II, thefollowing institutional measures are recommended for implementation:

* An environmental unit (EU) shall be created for ARCDP II. DAR mayinstitutionalize such EU within a specified timeframe in compliance withE.O. 291 (Series of 1996) that mandated the creation of EU in allgovernment agencies.

* As an interim measures, ARCDP II shall designate the Sub-ProjectAppraisal Unit (SAU) as the technical secretariat of the EU. Suchsecretariat shall perform the functions of the EU until such time as it hasbeen formalized or created.

At the operational level, the various units of ARCDP shall implement thenecessary measures to insure the achievement of environmental goals. The RIUshall ensure that the screening criteria, contractor's qualification criteria, designstandards and other environmental standards/criteria are complied with. Ifnecessary, the RIU shall extend technical assistance to the LGUs or beneficiaries incoordination with IDCB. The iDCB shall insure that environmental considerations areintegrated into its activities (e.g., EPM is incorporated in institutional developmenttrainings, environmental issues is integrated in IPM training, etc.) The AED shallinsure that entrepreneurial activities shall fully considered environmental factors.Specifically, AED shall consider the environmental impacts of individual agri-businessactivities (e.g., piggery, poultry, etc.) and the cumulative effects of all AEDinterventions as a whole.

At the supra management level, the SAU shall exercise oversight and overallmanagement on environmental issues. SAU shall insure that the various units ofARCDP II comply with environmental criteria/standards and guidelines. As a case inpoint, it shall insure that the various Comprehensive ARCD Plans contain thenecessary sections on environment. It should also verify that the appropriateenvironmental assessment has been undertaken and that the appropriate indicatorsare incorporated in the M&E System.




At the pre-implementabon stage, ARCDP shall insure that proponents fullycomplied with environmental requirements. If necessary, the appropriate technicalassistance shall be extended (e.g., on the use of IEE checklist's, conduct of EA,inclusion of environmental sections in the Comprelhensive ARCD Plans, etc.).

It is estimated that the total budgetary requirement for implementing the EMSof ARCDP II is PhP 40,200,000 over six years.

Estimated Budgetary Re quirement

DESCRIPTION ESTIMATED REMARKSCOST (PhP)Environmental Specialist 2,160,000 72 months @ PhP 30,000/month

2,160,000 - (to be detailed at SAU)Environmental 1,440,000 24 person-months @ PhPConsultants 1,440,000 60,000/month (as need arises)Preparation of Training Preparation and reproduction ofMaterials training materials:

* Module on EPM (600 copies)* Module on Philippine EIS

2,600,000 System (300 copies)* Module on lEE Checklist

Preparation (300 copies)* Other modules (1,000 copies)(Module preparation: P 300,000 x5 modules; repro: P 500/copy)

I Conduct of Training Conduct of training:Activities * ARCDP/DAR personnel (10

training-days, 200 pax)* ARCslARBs (4 training-days,

34,000,000 200 pax per ARC)34,000,000 Estimates:

* P 900/day/pax (ARCDP/DAR)* P 200/day/pax (ARCs/ARBs)* P 20,000/tng-day (resource

_____ _p_ ersons, travel, etc.)

TOTAL 40,200,000

Estimated Budgetary Requirement (Annual Allocation)

YEAR DESCRIPTION AMOUNT (PhP)

Environmental Specialist 360,000Environmental Consultants (6 person-months) 360,000

1 Preparation of Training Materials 2,600,000Conduct of Training Activities (40%o of total est.) 13,600,000


2 Environmental Consultant/s (6 person-months) 360,000Conduct of Training Activities (30% of total est.) 10,200,000

Total 10,920,0003 Environmental Specialist 360,000

Environmental Consultant/s (4 person-months) 240,000



YEAR DESCRIPTION AMOUNT (PhP)

Conduct of Training Activities (1 I% of total est.) 3,400,000Total 4,000,000

Environmental Specialist 360,000Environmental Consultant/s (4 person-months) 240,000Conduct of Training Activities (10% of total est.) 3,400,000


5 Environmental Consultant/s (4 person-months) 240,000Conduct of Training Activities (10% of total est.) 3,400,000

Total 4,000,0006 Environmental Specialist 360,000

Total 360,000

GRAND TOTAL 40,200,000



Strategic Environmental Framework for ARCDF' 11ISSUES ~APPROACHES/K1ISSUES STRATEGIES _

Institutional weakness in Adopt integrated areaintegrating environmental development approachconsiderations

* Strengthen the ARCID * OM with environmental* Lack of mechanisms to Planning process elements adopted

integrate environmental * Incorporate env elements * Comprehensive ARCDconsiderations in the ARCD Plan Plan adopted as a pre-

* Lack of provisions for an qualification requirementEU Integration of environmental

* Lack of environmental consideration in the entireguidelines/standards ARCDP II project cycle

* Incorporate env agenda * Enhanced IECin IEC framework/plan framework/plan adopted

* Incorporate env agenda * Enhanced CAPBin CapB framework/plan framework/plan adopted

* Incorporate env criteria in * Enhanced M&E SystemM&E System adopted

Weakness/deficiencies in Strict implementation ofcomplying with requirements CNC/ECC requirementof the Philippine EIS System

* Conduct EA at the FS* Indifference or willful stage

disregard by LGU * Internal review of EA * Incorporation of EA in FS* Lack of technical simultaneous with FS adopted as requirement

capability in EA review* Loss of interest due to * Submission of ECC * Incorporation of

alleged graft and application simultanieous evaluation systemcorruption with approval/evaluation included in OM

* Delay in DENR processprocessing * Final endorsement to be * CNC/ECC submitted

* Differing interpretation or accompanied by CNC/ before approval ofunderstanding ECC subprojecUs

Strengthen technicalcapability at field level

* Preparation of orientation * Orientation manual onmanual for field environmental issuespersonnel prepared

* Conduct of training or * Training activities onorientation activities for environment conductedfield personnel

* Preparation of IEE * IEE checklist/s preparedchecklist/s

Strengthen institutionallinkages on EIS requirementsand processes

* Linkage/coordination with * Letters/agreementEMB on scope of EIS signed by EMB Directorrequirement

• Formulate quantitative * Criteria of scope/criteria for determination coverage adopted asof coverage or scope of agreement or issued asEIS requirement MC by EMB



ISSUES APPROACHES.I KPISTRATEGIES _________

Lack of formal system for Formulate/develop anenvironmental considerations environmental managernentin project implementation system (EMS) for ARCDP II

* Lack of formal system for * Formulate environmental * Environmental policyincorporating env policy/s adoptedconcerns * Formulate environmental * EMS operationalized

* Lack of formal system for guidelinesrequiring environmental Develop mechanisms to * EAs conducted (e.g., soilstandards in design conduct internal envirorimen- stabilizer, etc.)criteria and O&M tal assessment or studies on * Environmental screeningguidelines project elements with project criteria adopted (e.g.,

wide implications design criteria for R/B,CIF, etc.)

Lack of institutional Inculcate environmental * Awareness andmechanism for environmental values in institutional culture advocacy activities forissues and concerns of ARCDP II, and eventually environmental/SD issues

in DAR conducted* Lack of institutional Strengthen institutional * CapB activities on EPM

mechanisms to capacity on EPM conductedincorporate env concerns Create an EU for ARCDP II, * EU createdand SD principles which may eventually bie

* Absence of an EU adopted/absorbed by DAR



REFERENCES

Environmental Assessment Sourcebook Volumes l, ll and IlIl (World Bank TechnicalPaper Number 139). Environment Department, World Bank. 1991

Environmental Guidelines for Selected Industrial and Power Development Projects.Office of the Environment, Asian Development Bank. 1988/1990/1993

How to Assess Environmental Impacts on Tropical Islands and Coastal Areas.Richard A. Carpenter and James E, Maragos. South Pacific Regional EnvironmentProgramme Training Manual, sponsored by Asian IDevelopment Bank. October 1989

Introduction to Environmental Engineering, 3ed. ML Davis and DA Cornwell. WCBMcGraw-Hill. 1998

Operational Framework for Sustainable Development. UNDP-funded IntegratedEnvironmental Management for Sustainable Development, Department ofEnvironmental and Natural Resources. 1997/1999

State of the Environment in Asia and the Pacific 1995. UN Economic and SocialCommission for Asia and the Pacific and Asian Development Bank. 1995

Various ARCDP, DAR, DENR and WB documents

INTERVIEWS CONDUCTED

ARCDP personnel

DAR personnel

DENR Personnel: DENR-EMB, DENR Region 6, DENR Region 7



Annex DTENTATIVE OUTLINEEnvironmental Section/s, Operation Manual for ARCDP II

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

1. Environmental Framework For Project Irnplementation

2. Environmental Policies

3. Environmental Guidelines

3.1. Overall Guidelines

3.2. Screening Procedures (shall essentially contain the requirements withregards to the Comprehensive ARC:D Plans)

3.3. Contractor's Environmental Management Guidelines

3.4. Guidelines for the RI Component

3.5. Guidelines for the IDCB Component

3.6. Guidelines for the AED Component

4. Specific Guidelines

4.1. Guidelines on Compliance with the Philippine EIS System

4.2. Guidelines on Resettlement and Relocation

4.3. Guidelines on Indigenous People

5. Environmental Monitoring Scheme

Environment Module (Annex D: Tentative Outline, Environmental Guidelines) page D-1

1. ENVIRONMENTAL FRAMEWORK FOR PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

The ARC Development approach requires a miulti-sectoral approach to achievesustainable rural development. The approach should insure the harmoniousintegration of a sound and viable economy, responsive government, social cohesionof communities and ecological consideration in an integrated area developmentconceptual framework'.

The significant accomplishments of ARCDP provide the opportunity for the expansionof its roles in area-based development. Consequently, ARCDP II can nowcontemplate on the environmental aspects of its activities. The framework forintegrated area development requires that environmental factors be taken intoaccount in economic and development planning.

The socio-economic benefits of ARCDP must not be negated by externalities due tothe environmental consequences of the project both during construction andoperation phases. Proper design and planning can eliminate or reduce adverseenvironmental impacts to acceptable level, and enhance positive environmentalimpacts - thus optimizing overall project benefits.

In the context of integrated area development, consideration or incorporation ofenvironmental requirements or measures at the outset of the planning cycle hadbeen found to be cost effective and had facilitated the EIA process for specificprojects or modules of the master (development) plan.

Environmental considerations can be integrated into either the project cycle or thedevelopment planning process under the concept of project-EIA and strategicenvironmental assessment, respectively.

The ARC Development framework embraces lthe concepts of sustainable ruraldevelopment. Under this framework, DAR hopes to implement agrarian reform inorder to attain social equity and promote sustainable development. Theaccomplishments under ARCDP I had a highly significant achievement in improvingthe economic outlooks of ARCs/ARBs. There is now a need for a paradigmadjustment in order to ensure that sustainability goes beyond the conventionalperspective (i.e., the activities and impacts of the Project will be sustained beyondproject life). The Project must also ensure that its activities shall be environmentallysustainable.

The basic strategy (Figure 1) through which ARCDP 11 shall try to attain suchobjective will be through the formulation and implementation of a basic environmentalmanagement system (EMS).

The environmental management strategy for ARCDP II was formulated with dueconsideration of both the WB safeguards on environment and the requirements of thePhilippine EIS System. It should be noted that no single mechanism could beattributed as compliance to either WB or GOP requirements exclusively. Eachelement (e.g., environmental assessment, formulation of environmental managementplan, etc.) is undertaken or implemented in compliance with the requirements of bothsystems.

1 DAR MC-5, Series of 1999SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)

Draft Operations ManualEnvironmental Safeguards Page 1

Figure 1. Environmental Framework for Project Implementation

WB Safeguards on Philippine EISEnvironment System

Enviranmental Project ECCI JAssessment Design CNC

Env. Standards Project Environmental & Critena Implementation M.l

X= <~~~~~ojc Env MGndodN9Lt| System r OperatioTn * Plan r

2. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES

ARCDP 11 shall strive to achieve the mission2 of DAR in "implementing CARP throughthe distribution of lands and provisions of support services in order to attain socialequity and promote sustainable development'.

In order to achieve this basic objective, ARCDP 11 shall meaningfully incorporateenvironmental consideration in its activities and subprojects. Therefore, ARCDP 11adopts the following environmental goals as its guiding principles:

• Procedures to implement sound environmental management practices that allowfor continued improvement within the EMS.

* Services that maximize the use of environment friendly materials or the use ofenvironmentally sound technologies that conserve the use of non-renewableresources.

* Methods that incorporate environmental consciousness in the delivery ofservices.

* Identification of relevant environmental and safety requirements to meet goals,objectives and targets formulated and defined through internal/externalassessments and review.

2 DAR MC- 05 Series of 1999SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)

Draft Operations ManualEnvironmental Safeguards Page 2

3. ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES

In order to ensure that the environmental management system for ARCDP II isproperly implemented, the following guidelines are adopted:

3.1. Overall Guidelines

Environmental considerations shall be integrated in all aspects of theimplementation scheme for ARCDP II activities in the followingmanner:

. All projects shall comply with relevant rules and regulationsincluding but not limited to PD 1586 (Philippine EIS System) andthe WB Safeguards on Environrnent.

* All LGU-beneficiary shall demonstrate commitment and capabilityto integrate environmental considerations in its program ofactivities or action plans.

* All other stakeholders (e.g., contractor, NGO-partners, etc.) shallcomply with relevant environmental laws.

* No activities/subprojects shall be approved without the submissionof a CNC or ECC as the case may be.

3.2. Environmental Requirements for Comprehensive ARCD Plan

As a pre-qualification criterion, Al-L proponents will be required tosubmit a comprehensive ARCD) Plan. The incorporation ofenvironmental considerations in the Plan shall be mandatory.

Land Resources

The following tables and maps aire the minimum requirements thatshall be included in the section of Land Resources:

* A tabular presentation of the land area of the municipality and theARC (see Sample Table 1)

* A topographic map with a scale of 1:25,000 (or larger) that shouldindicate the boundaries of the various barangays and the ARCs.

* A map showing the various land use classification and its tabularrepresentation (see Sample Cable 2) that should indicate theboundares of the municipality and the ARC. The various land usecategories must be coded using color or hatching.

* A slope map and its tabular representation (see Sample Table 3)that should indicate the boundaries of the municipality and theARC. The various slope categories must be coded using color orhatching).


Environmental Safeguards Page 3

The definitions of the various slcipe categories are as follows:

Slope Range Characteristic

0 - 3% Flat or level3 - 8% Level to undulating8 - 18% Undulating to rolling

18 - 30% Rolling to moderately steep30 - 50% Moderately to steeply mountainous

50% and above Very steeply mountainous

* A map presenting susceptibility to erosion that should indicate theboundanes of the municipality and the ARC. Areas susceptible toerosion must be indicated either by color or hatching. The variouscategories are:

Degree of Susceptibility Soil Depth and Texture

Slight Areas with 50 to 100 cm solumand 60 to 100% clay-silt fraction;areas with greater than 100 cmsolum and 0-60% clay-siltfraction; unclassified soils of themountains

Moderate Areas with 50 to 100 cm solumand 0-60% silt-clay fraction;areas with greater than 100 cmsolum and 60 to 100 clay-siltfraction

High Areas with less than 50 cmsolum and 0 to 100% clay-siltfraction

* A map presenting areas prone to flooding that should indicate theboundaries of the municipality and the ARC. Areas that are floodprone must be indicated either by color or hatching.

Water Resources

The following tables and maps are the minimum requirements that areincluded in the section of Water Resources:

* A tabular presentation of all the water resources (e.g., river,creeks, lake, etc.) in the municipality and the ARC (see SampleTable 4)

* A map showing all the water resources in the municipality and theARC including drainage areas of rivers, streams, etc.

* For all river and streams that will be tapped for drinking orirrigation purposes, a map shDwing the longitudinal profile of itsbeneficial use should be included (see Sample Figure 1) and atabular presentation of its arnbient water quality (see SampleTable 5)



Environmental Assessment

The environmental assessment shall cover all activities of the ARCthat have the potential to impact on the environment. Among suchactivities are infrastructure projects (e.g., construction of roads,bridges, irrigation system, etc.) and livelihood projects (e.g., poultryand livestock raising, etc.). The environmental assessment shall alsocover such agricultural practices such as IPM, use of pesticides andother agrochemicals, and others.

The following discussions are the minimum requirements that areincluded in the section on Environmental Assessment

* Assessment of future conditions with or without project

Environmental systems are not inert or static. These systemschange through time even without human influence orinterference. Hence, even in the absence of any project, therewill still occur natural or man-induced changes in the terrestrialor aquatic habitats of a given environment. The prediction ofsuch changes through a given time frame in the absence of anyproject will serve as a basis or reference point for estimatingimpacts of a project should one be undertaken in the area.

In general, the discussions on future conditions without projectare to consider the following environmental aspects:

o Soil conditions, e.g., fertilIity, productivity, salinity, etc. -Will soil productivity or fertility in the area improve ordeteriorate if the project is not implemented?

o Erosion, sedimentation and/or siltation - Will the problemrelated to erosion worsen or improve if the project is notimplemented? Or, will there be no expected changeswhether the project is implemented or not?

o Flooding or drainage - Will flooding in the area beminimized or not if the project is not implemented?

o Water resources - Will water quality improve or deteriorateif the project is not implernented? Will there be conflicts interms of water use if the project is not implemented?

O Health conditions - Will the health situation of residentsimprove or deteriorate if the project is not implemented?Or, will there be no expected changes whether the projectis implemented or not?

o Socio-economic conditions - Will the socio-economicsituation of residents improve or deteriorate if the project isnot implemented? Or, will there be no expected changeswhether the project is implemented or not?

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)Draft Operations Manuial


* Impact Assessment and mitigation

The assessment of environmental impacts is the result of acomparative analysis between a project's components and itsplanned location (e.g., environmental setting found at the projectsite), taking into consideration project alternatives and mitigatingmeasures which could be employed to reduce the magnitude ofenvironmental degradation. Evaluating the significance of impactsessentially means making a judgment on which impacts found inthe study are important and therefore need to be mitigatedbecause of their expected magnitude and likelihood of occurrence.

In general, the EIA process calls for the mitigation of the negativeimpacts and the enhancement of the positive ones. At theminimum, the following irnpacts and the correspondingmitigating or enhancement measures are to be discussed:

o Soil conditions, e.g., fertility, productivity, salinity, etc. -What are the impacts of t:he project on soil productivity orfertility? How will this impact be mitigated or enhanced?

O Erosion, sedimentation anid/or siltation - What are theimpacts of the project on erosion? On sedimentation orsiltation? How will these impacts be mitigated orenhanced?

o Flooding or drainage - What are the overall impacts of theproject on flooding in the area? Will the drainage pattern inthe area be affected by the project? How will theseimpacts be mitigated or enhanced?

O Water resources - What are the impacts of the project onwater quality? Will there be more occurrences of waterpollution because of the project? Will the project lead topotential conflicts in water use? Will the project affect theriparian life? How will these impacts be mitigated oravoided?

o Health conditions - Will the project affect the healthsituation of the residents? How will this impact bemitigated or enhanced?

o Socio-economic conditions - Will the project improve thesocio-economic situation of the residents? How will thisimpact be enhanced? Or, how can the project ensure thatits benefits will be enjoyed by the majority of the residents?

The discussions under this section are to be summarized using amatrix (see Sample Matrix 1).



Depending of the mode of applying for the ECC/CNC, the appropriateIEE checklist/s as may be required (see section on Philippine EISSystem for more detail) should also be attached to the CARCD Plan.Likewise, Annex A provides more detailed discussions of potentialimpacts of agriculture-related activities.

Environmental Management Pro iram and Commitments

The following discussions are the mninimum requirements that shall beincluded in the section on Environmental Management Program andCommitments:

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) - the formulation of theEMP is the final stage of the EIA process. The Plan describes indetail how the significant environmental impacts will be mitigatedand monitored.

At the minimum, the following aspects are to be addressed:

o Construction Contractor's Environmental Plan - How willthe proponent ensure that the construction contractor willcomply with the necessary environmental measures? Whatare the guarantees for this? How will the proponent ensurethat only environmentally conscious contractors areengaged in the project?

o Impact monitoring plan - How will the proponent monitorthe impacts of the project? How will the proponent ensurethat the appropriate miticgating or enhancement measureshave been implemented?

o Institutional plan - What are the institutional arrangementsto ensure that the entire environmental management plan(including the monitoring plan) is implemented?

The discussions under this section shall be summarized using amatrix (see Sample Matrix 2).

* Environmental Monitoring Plan - the plan describes the programof monitoring specific environrnental parameters or criteria (e.g.,the methods of sampling, analytical methods, frequency, etc.)

At the minimum, the following aspects for monitoring(especially during the operation and maintenance stage) are tobe discussed:

o Environmental parameters or criteria - What water qualitycriteria will be monitored? How about for air quality andother settings?

o Frequency - How often will the monitoring be conducted?Who will do the sampling and analysis?



The discussions under this section shall be summarized using amatrix (see Sample Matrix 3).

* Environmental Programs - appropriate environmental projects orprograms are implemented to either mitigate negabve impacts orto ensure environmental sustainability.

Some of the typical environmental programs are discussed below.

o Watershed Management Program - Will the proponentimplement a watershed management program to ensure theenvironmental sustainability of the water-basedcomponents of the project? What are the elements of thewatershed management plan? Who are the responsibleparties? Who will provide the funds for implementation?

o Water Quality Management Plan - Will the proponentimplement a water quality management plan? What are theobjectives of the plan? Wlhat are the elements? Who arethe responsible parties? Who will provide the funds forimplementation?

o Air Quality Management: Plan - Will the proponentimplement an air quality rnanagement plan? What are theobjectives of the plan? Wlhat are the elements? Who arethe responsible parties? Who will provide the funds forimplementation?

The discussions under this section shall be incorporated in thesummary matrix for the environmental management plan.

3.3. Subproject Appraisal, Approval and Implementation

Subproiect Appraisal

The following guidelines are to gcivern subproject appraisal:

* CARCD Plan with no environmental chapters or sections willNOT be accepted for evaluation.

* Upon receipt of the CARCD Plan, the receiving staff willconduct a procedural review (Annex B). The procedural reviewwill determine the completeness of information and itsconformity with the prescribed outline.

If the Plan is found to be incomplete, the plan will be returnedto the proponent for completion. The procedural review mustbe completed within 5 working days.



* Upon acceptance of the CARCD Plan, the environmentalspecialist will conduct a substantive assessment of the Plan.

The environmental specialist may recommend the necessaryand additional measures to ensure that negative environmentalimpacts have been adequately mitigated and that appropriateenvironmental measures are in place.

The substantive review, using the most appropriate methods,must be completed within 20 working days.

* Upon completion of the review, the environmental specialistwill submit his report (Annex B) to Head of SAU. If the planhad been favorably endorsed, the proponent will proceed tosecure the ECC/CNC as the case may be.

Subproiect Approval

The following guidelines are to govern the approval of anysubproject:

* No subproject component/s will be endorsed by the SAU forapproval without an ECC/CNC.

The SAU will only issue an environmental clearance for allsubproject components that mrieet the environmental standardsof ARCDP 11.

The Head of SAU will issue an environmental clearance (AnnexB) upon his/her concurrence with the recommendations of theenvironmental specialist. The Head of SAU, however, may setaside the recommendation/s of the environmental specialistprovided the basis for such decision is clearly indicated.

The environmental clearance issued by the SAU shall serve asthe endorsement of the document/s for submission to theappropriate DENR office.

* No subproject/s are to be approved without the appropriateECC/CNC.

A subproject will only be included in the agenda of ProjectManagement Committee for approval/disapproval if theappropriate ECC/CNC have been submitted.

Release of Funds

The following guidelines are to govern the approval of or release offunds:



* Request for release of funds or payment are to be accompaniedby an environmental compliance report (Annex B).

* The Provincial Agrarian Refomi Officer (PARO), through his/herduly authorized representative, will prepare an environmentalcompliance report to be attached to any request for release offunds.

* The RPO or the CPO will not endorse/approve any release offunds if the finding/s in the environmental compliance report arenegative.

Selection of Contractor

The following guidelines are to govern the selection or pre-qualification of contractors:

* Contractors must demonstrate a good track record in terms ofenvironmental management systems/plans before they will beallowed to participate.

Prospective contractors must present an ISO certification or acertification from DENR Regional Office concerned that they havenot been cited for violations of any environmental law.

* All contractors, upon qualification, must submit a writtencommitment to comply with all environmental laws.

* All contractors must comply with the guidelines and standards setforth in the environmental management system of ARCDP II.

3.4. Guidelines for the RI Component

In addition to environmental measures as may be required under theRural Infrastructure component's guidelines, the following projects areto be included in the section on Environmental Projects:

* For subprojects involving the construction, rehabilitation orimprovement of more than 100 shallow tube well: a hydrologicalstudy of groundwater potential shall be required.

* For subproject involving the construction, rehabilitation orimprovement of irrigation system: a municipal watershedmanagement plan shall be mandatory when the total area servicedby irrigation systems in the municipality exceeds 1,000 hectares.Irrigation systems implemented by NIA, ADB and other entities areto be included in the computation of total area.

3.5. Guidelines for the IDCB Componient



All activities of the IDCB Component, as a rule, shall include elementsthat will promote environmental awareness. Selected schemes for theinclusion of environmental awareness elements are discussed below.

* Elements on environmental awareness may be incorporated in theorientation workshops at the start of the CARCD Plan formulationprocess.

* Environmental issues may be discussed at appropriate time duringthe conduct of organization strengthening or institutional buildingactivities.

* An environmental module may be incorporated in all capabilitybuilding activities.

3.6. Guidelines for the AED Component

In addition to environmental measures as may be required under theAED component's guidelines, the following environmental measuresare to be included in the planning activities of the component

The cumulative environmental impacts of AED activities shall beconsidered in the Environmental Assessment. A typical AEDactivity will have minimal environmental impacts on individualbasis. However, the cumulative effects of ALL activities may leadto the carrying capacity being exceeded. As such, theenvironmental assessment shall evaluate the overall or cumulativeeffects rather than impacts of individual AED activities.

* The appropriate IEE checklist/s as may be required (see sectionon Philippine EIS System for more detail) should also be aftachedto the CARCD Plan.

4. Specific Guidelines

4.1. Guidelines on Compliance with the Philippine EIS System

Presidential Decree No. 1151 (otherwise known as the "PhilippineEnvironmental Policy") is the first policy issuance on EIS System in thePhilippines. Effective since 1977, section 4 thereof explicitly requires "allagencies and instrumentalities of the national govemment, includinggovemment-owned and controlled corporations, as well as privatecorporations, firms and entities to prepare an environmental impactsystem (EIS) for every action, project or undertaking which significantlyaffects the quality of the environment."

The Philippine EIS System was fomially established in 1978 by virtue ofPD No. 1586. Reiterating the policy statement under PD 1151, itdeclared environmentally critical projects (ECPs) and projects withinenvironmentally critical areas (ECAs) as projects which require thesubmission of an environmental irnpact statement (EIS). Section 4thereof provides that "no person partnership or corporation shallundertake or operate any in part such declared ECP or project within an



ECA without frst securing an Environmental Compliance Certificate(ECC)."

The major categories of ECPs and ECAs were identified throughPresidential Proclamation No. 2146, series of 1981. The categorieswere given technical definitions by EMB's predecessor agency, theNational Environmental Protection Council (NEPC), through NEPCOffice Circular No. 3, series of 1983.

Since then, the EIS system has undergone several refinements to makeit a more effective planning, management, and regulatory tool inaddressing environmental problems in the country. The DENR hasconsistently endeavored to strengthen and tighten the system, bycontinuously introducing new features and requirements in response tochanging economic realities and the growing environmentalconsciousness of the Philippine populace.

The latest of this effort is DENR Administrative Order (DAO) No. 37series of 1996 or DAO 96-37, which expressly supersedes DAO 21series of 1992. DAO 96-37 is an altempt to further streamline the EISsystem and to strengthen the processes for its implementation.

DAO 96-37 is elaborated further in t:he Procedural Manual for DAO 96-37, which is intended to provide a comprehensive guide forproponents and regulators alike. 1-he Revised Second Edition is thelatest version of the manual.

Scope and Coverage

In accordance with the environmental clearance issued by DENR-EMB, the scope and coverage of AIRCDP II activities are as follows:

ACTIVITIES CRITERIA REQUIREMENT

Training and Not covered under theinstitutional none Philippine EIS SystemassistanceLivelihood Rice/corn mill not exceeding 1.0Activities ton/hour input capacity

Backyard animal farms notexceeding 5,000 heads of birds or 2 Not covered under thesows with 20 pigs Philippine EIS System

Sari-sari (or coop) store CNC may be issuedupon request of

Organic compost/fertilizer production proponentnot exceeding 10,000 (50 kg) bagsper annum capacity

Cottage industriesLivelihood activities with capacities Submission of dulyin excess of the threshold accomplished IEE

Checklist/s asapplication for ECC




Rehabilitation of with effective expansion of lessroads & bridges than 50% Not covered under the

Philippine EIS SystemRehabilitation of service area expansion does notirrigation system exceed threshold CNC may be issued

upon request ofRehab of other proponentsupport systemsConstruction of Roads with length in excess of 5 kmroads that will traverse an area with

critical slope (> 50%) Submission of EIS as

Roads with length in excess of 20 application for ECCkm if not traversing an area withcritical slopeRoads with length in excess of 3 kmbut less than or equal to 5 km thatwill traverse an area with criticalslope (> 50%) Submission of IEE as

Roads with length in excess of 1 5 application for ECCkm but less than or equal to 20 kmif not traversing an area with criticalslope

Construction of Roads with length less than or equalroads to 3 km that will triaverse an area(continuation) with critical slope (> 50%) Submission of duly

accomplished IEERoads with length irn excess of 10 Checklist as applicationkm but less than or equal to 15 km for ECCif not traversing an area with criticalslopeRoads with length less than or equal Not covered under theto 10 km if not traversing an area Philippine EIS Systemwith critical slope


Construction of 2 lanes with length in excess ofbridges 200 meters Submission of EIS as

application for ECC2 lanes with more than 10 spans2 lanes with length in excess of100 meters but less than or equal to200 meters Submission of IEE as

application for ECC2 lanes with more than 6 but lessthan or equal to 10 spans2 lanes with length in excess of 50meters but less than or equal to 100 Submission of dulymeters accomplished IEE

Checklist as application2 lanes with more than 4 but less for ECCthan or equal to 6 spans2 lanes with length of less than or Not covered under theequal to 50 meters Philippine EIS System





Construction of With service area in excess ofIrrigation System 1,000 hectares

Submission of EIS asReservoir storage capacity in excess application for ECCof 25 million cubic meters

Submission of EGGARReservoir area (flooded area) inexcess of 100 hectaresWith service area in excess of 700hectares but less than or equal to Submission of lEE as1,000 application for ECC

Reservoir area (flocided area) in Submission of EGGARexcess of 50 hectares but less thanor equal to 100 hectaresWith service area in excess of 350hectares but less than or equal to Submission of duly700 accomplished IEE

Checklist as applicationReservoir area (flooded area) in for ECCexcess of 25 hectares but less thanor equal to 50 hectaresWith service area of less than or Not covered under theequal to 300 Philippine EIS System


Construction of Level IlIl water systems with Submission of EIS aswater systems infiltration gallery application for ECC

Level Ill water systems Submission of IEE asapplication for ECC

Level II water systems Submission of dulyaccomplished IEEChecklist as applicationfor ECC



Construction of Farmers' Exchange Centersinfrastructure Multi-purpose pavementsSupport Health centers Not covered under the

Classrooms/School bjildings Philippine EIS System

(with lot area of less than 1.0 CNC may be issuedhectares in a rural area [or 1,000 upon request ofsquare meters in uroan areas] and proponentstructure does not exceed 3 storeysin height)

The Procedural Manual for DAO 96-37 should be referred to foradditonal details. Of critical importance is the screening procedurescontained in the Manual (Chapter 2).

Procedures

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEV1ELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)Draft Operations Manual


The provisions set forth in the Procedural Manual for DAO 96-37 shallgovem the procedures in the preparation and submission of EISdocument's3 to DENR.

IEE Checklist/s

The provisions set forth in the Procedural Manual for DAO 96-37 shallgovern the procedures in the preparation and submission of EISdocument/s4 to DENR.

For ARCDP 11, the following checklists are available for the use ofproponents:

* IEE Checklist for Road and Bridges* IEE Checklist for Irrigation System* IEE Checklist for Water Supply( Level 11) Projects

Copies of these checklists are included in Annex C.

Review Procedures

Under the agreement between DENR and DAR signed ----------------application for ECC or CNC may be done through any of the followingmode:

. Application/s for ECC/CNC rTiay be done through the regularprocess of DENR on individual project basis.

* Application/s for ECC/CNC may be reviewed by DENR using anintegrated area development approach. Such applications maybe submitted to the appropriate DENR-EMB Regional Office orEMB central office.

ECC/CNC Through Regular Channel

The following guidelines are to govern application/s for ECC/CNCthrough regular channel,

* The individual IEE Checklist/s, IEE Report/s or EIS Reports shallbe prepared for each subproject/activity.

* The required document/s shall be attached to the CARCD Planfor review and evaluation by SAU. (see next section for moredetails)

The IEE Report is considered as a type of EIS document.4 The IEE Checklist is considered as a type of EIS document.

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVIELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)Draft Operations Manual


* The proponent (e.g., LGU, NIA) may submit such document/sto the appropriate DENR-EMB IRegional Office upon issuance ofenvironmental clearance by SAU. (see next section for moredetails)

Integrated Reviegw Process

The following guidelines are to govern application/s for ECC/CNCthrough the integrated review process:

* An integrated ECC/CNC application for all subproject activitiesmay be submitted to DENR using the CARCD Plan.

* The proponent (e.g., LGU, NIA) may submit the Plan to theappropriate DENR-EMB Regional Office OR EMB central officeupon issuance of environmenlal clearance by SAU. (see nextsection for more details)

* DENR shall review the document using an integrated areadevelopment approach and issue a single ECC or CNC for allactivities to be undertaken in the subproject.

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)Draft Operations Manuial


4.2. Guidelines on Resettlement and Relocation

The following guidelines are to govern the evaluation and approvalof subproject components that includes acquisition of land, ROWand other assets/rights:

* No such subproject proposal/s are to be accepted for evaluation orendorsed for approval without a Land Acquisition andCompensation Report (LACR) or Resettlement Plan and SurveyReport (RPSR).

* An LACR is the minimum requirement for subproject that will affectless than 200 residents AND will not require significant relocationor entail dislocation.

* An RPSR is the minimum requirement for subproject that will affect200 or more residents OR will entail dislocation/significantrelocation.

* The formulation, implementation and approval of either the LACRor RPSR will be through a participatory process after which, theinformed consent of the affected stakeholders may be obtained.

* Donation of ROW and other assets/rights will also undergo thesame process.

A more detailed policy framework and implementing guidelines isprovided in Annex D. The preparation, submission, evaluation andapproval of any LACR or RPSR shall be governed byframework/guidelines.



IRRIGATION PROJECTInitial Environmental Examination (IEE) Report

GUIDE FOR PROPONENTS

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

The Project Proponent or his duly authorized representative/s shall accomplishthis checklist. Three (3) copies shall be submitted to PENRO in the area.

SECTION 1. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

PROJECT NAME refers to official name of project

PROJECT LOCATION refers to location of the project. Proponent shouldprovide complete description of the location of theproject (e.g., diversion canal, service canals,barangay/sitios affected, etc.)

PROJECT DESCRIPTION provide short description of the project (e.g.,dimensions of diversion and service canals, material ofconstruction, service areas, etc.)

NAME OF PROPONENT refers to the owner of the project (e.g., DPWH, NIA,name of LGU, etc.)

CONTACT PERSON refers to person/s who is authorized to transactbusiness with DENR on behalf of the Proponent (e.g.,mayor, municipal engineer, project engineer, etc.)

ADDRESS refers to official address of proponent and contactperson/s. The address of contact person/s should alsobe given if different from that of the proponent.

IMPLEMENTATION SCHEME description of how the project will beimplemented (e.g., by contractor, by proponent, etc.).If the project is to be implemented by entities otherthan the proponent, the name/identity of that entity/sshould be provided, if available. Otherwise, the modeof selection should be described (e.g., by bidding, bynegotiation, etc.)

PROJECT COST refers to TOTAL project costs expressed PhilippinePesos

FUNDING AGENCY/S refers to mode of financing or source of funds (e.g.,LGU's budget, NIA, bank loan, etc.). If funding isprovided by outside source, the name of the project ordescription of the source and the name of the funding


Environmental Safeguards: IEE Checklist for Irrigation System Annex Cpage 1

agencies should be provided (e.g., ARCDP of WB,bond issued by name of underwriters, loan from DBP,etc.)

SECTION 2. DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

Attach photographs shall include panoramic shots of the proposed servicearea especially the proposed locations of canals andother components, water bodies near the project site,residential or built-up areas, etc.

bodies of water refers to creeks, rivers, canals, lake, sea, etc.

national parks, watershed areas, sanctuaries or similar areas - re fers to forestedareas, protected areas, areas whereendangered/threatened species have been sighted, etc.

indigenous community/s refers to any indigenous community located within 10km of the project site

sites with cultural/historical significance (exaamples) archaeological sites,churches, burial sites, monuments, sites of historicalbattles, etc.

SECTION 3. PROJECT IMPACTS IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT ANDMITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT

Answers under the MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT MEASURES shall describe ALLthe mitigation measures for negative impacts or the enhancement measures forpositive impacts.

REQUIRED ATTACHMENTS

* Location map/scale map - a 1:25,000 topographic map indicating projectsite (service area, diversion canal, service canals, headgates, etc.) andsignificant landmarks

* Documents related to ownership or possession of project site (i.e., OCT,TCT, Deeds of Donation)

* Technical design, plans and other related documents to describe fully theproject including an inventory of all project components (e.g., head gates,check gates, turnouts, division box, flumes, end checks, etc.)

* Proposed schedules of activities (construction stage, etc.)

* NWRB (Water) Permit

* Barangay Resolution endorsing the ProjectSECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)



* Municipal/City Council Resolution endorsing the Project



IRRIGATION PROJECTInitial Environmental Examinaition (IEE) Checklist

Below is the IEE Report checklist for proponents of irrigation system. Readthe questions carefully before answering in the space provided (refer to Guide toProponents for more details). Use additional sheets if necessary, and indicate thisin the appropriate space.

Misleading or erroneous answers are basis for legal actions and/or denial ofECC.


PROJECT NAME:

PROJECT LOCATION:

PROJECT DESCRIPTION:

NAME OF PROPONENT:

CONTACT PERSON:

ADDRESS:

(Complete Address: Street, Barangay, Municipality/City, Province)

Telephone:

Fax: e-mail:

IMPLEMENTATION SCHEME:

PROJECT COST (Philippine pesos):

FUNDING AGENCY/S:


Environmental Safeguards: lEE Checklist for Irrigation System Annex C page 4


PARAMETERS ANSWER REMARKS (for YES answers)YES NO

Will the project cross, traverse oraffect any bodies of water?Will the project affect any nationalparks, forested or watershedareas, sanctuaries or similarareas?Will the project affect anymangrove areas, swamps,wetlands or similar areas?Will the project pass throughresidential or other built up areas?Is the project located in a floodprone areas or areas vulnerable tostorm surges?Is the project located in an erosionprone area?Is the project site near an areawith indigenous community/s?Is the project located in an areawith critical/steep slope?Will the project pass near anysites with cultural/historicalsignificance?

(Attach recent photographs from all perspectives of the proposed projectsite)


CONSTRUCTION STAGEPARAMETERS ANSWER MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT

MEASURES (for YES answers)YES NO _

Will there be land clearing?

Will there be vegetation clearing?

Will there be any trees that haveto be cut? _-Will there be topsoil removedduring the construction phase? _-


Environmental Safeguards: IEE Checklist for Irrigation System Annex C page 5

PARAMETERS ANSWER MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENTMEASURES (for YES answers)

YES NOWill there be any excavation orcut and fill activities?Will there be other earthmovingactivities?Will sand, gravel and/or othermaterials be stockpiled in thearea? _

Will there be any drilling, boringand other noisy activities?Will there be any slopemodification or ground levelling?Will public/community access toor through the area be affected?Will there be increased economicactivity in the area?Will there be displacement orrelocation of any person?Will local residents be employedby the project?.Will indigenous people be affectedby the project?Will women be affected by theproject?Will any other vulnerable group/sbe affected by the project?

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE STAGEPARAMETERS ANSWER MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT

MEASURES (for YES answers)YES NO

Will the project affect land valuesin the area?Will the project bring aboutincreased economic activities?Will the project affect any wildlifeor their habitat?Will the project affect anyresidential or built-up areas?Will indigenous people be affectedby the project?Will women be affected by theproject?Will any other vulnerable group/sbe affected by the project?



SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTSCategory/Description Number What will happen to them?

Total households affected

ARBs

Informal settlers

Indigenous People

Others, pis specify

SECTION 4. ENVIRONMENTAL COMMITMENITS

Are you committing yourself to ......... AnswerYes No

Comply with existing environmental rules and regulations,guidelines and criteria?Comply with all mitigating and enhancement measures asindicated in this Report?Properly brief contractors, residents and other stakeholdersabout the conditions in the ECC and other commitment oragreements in connection with the Project?Others, pis. Specify


Environmental Safeguards: lEE Checklist for Irrigation System Annex C page 7

ACCOUNTABILITY STATEMENT

This is to certify that all the information and commitments in this InitialEnvironmental Examination (IEE) Report are true, accurate, and complete. ShouldI/we learn of any information which would make the IEE inaccurate, I/we shall bringsaid information to the attention of the DENR Reg ional Office concerned

I/We hereby bind myself/ourselves jointly and solidarily for any penalties thatmay be imposed arising from any misrepresentations or failure to state materialinformation in the IEE.

(Date) (Project Proponent/Signature or printed name)

(Title/Designation)

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

BEFORE ME this _ day of , 20_ at (place)

personally appeared (Name) with Community Tax

Certificate No. issued on at , in his/her

capacity as (position) of (name of

institution)

and acknowledged to me that this IEE is his voluntary act and deed, and the voluntary act and deed

of the entity he/she represents. This document, which consists of pages, including

the page on which this acknowledgment is written, is an Initial Environmental Examination Report

Checklist.

Witness my hand and seal on the place and date above written.

Notary Public

Doc. No.Page No.Book No.Series of



ROAD AND BRIDGES PROJECTInitial Environmental Examination (IEE) Report






PROJECT LOCATION refers to location of the project. Proponent shouldprovide complete description of the location of theproject (e.g., terminal points, proposed alignments,barangay/sitios traversed, etc.)

PROJECT DESCRIPTION provide short description of the project (e.g., width ofroad alignment/ROW, length, material of construction,general/predominant use, etc.)

NAME OF PROPONENT refers to the owner of the project (e.g., DPWH, nameof LGU, etc.)



IMPLEMENTATION SCHEME description of how the project will beimplemented (e.g., by contractor, by proponent, etc.).If the project is to be implemented by entities otherthan the proponent, the name/identity of that entity/sshould be provided, if available. Otherwise, the modeof selection should be described (e.g., by bidding, bynegotiation, etc.)


FUNDING AGENCY/S refers to mode of financing or source of funds (e.g.,LGU's budget, DPWH, bank loan, etc.). If funding isprovided by outside source, the name of the project or


Environmental Safeguards: IEE Checklist for Roads and Bridges Annex Cpage 1

description of the source and the name of the fundingagencies should be provided (e.g., ARCDP of WB,bond issued by name of underwriters, loan from DBP,etc.)

SECTION 2. DESCRIPTION OF EXISTING ENIVIRONMENT

Attach photographs shall include panorarnic shots of the proposed roadalignments every 500 meters, water bodies near theproject site, residential or built-up areas, etc.



indigenous community/s refers to any indigenous community located within 10km of the project site

sites with cultural/historical significance (ex amples) archaeological sites,churches, cemetery, burial sites, monuments, sites ofhistorical battles, etc.




* Location map/scale map - a 1:25,000 topographic map indicating projectsite (road alignment, location of bridge/s, etc.) and significant landmarks

* Documents related to ownership or possession of project site (i.e., OCT,TCT, Deeds of Donation)

* Technical design, plans and other related documents to describe fully theproject

* Proposed schedules of activities (construction stage, etc.)

* Barangay Resolution endorsing the Project



Environmental Safeguards: IEE Checklist for Roads and Bridges Annex Cpage 2

ROAD AND BRIDGES PROJECTInitial Environmental Examination (IEE) Checklist

Below is the IEE Report checklist for proponents of roads and bridges. Readthe questions carefully before answering in the space provided (refer to Guide toProponents for more details). Use additional sheets if necessary, and indicate thisin the appropriate space.

Misleading or erroneous answers are basis for legal actions and/or denial ofECC.


PROJECT NAME:

PROJECT LOCATION:

PROJECT DESCRIPTION: _

NAME OF PROPONENT:

CONTACT PERSON:

ADDRESS:


Telephone:

Fax: e-imail:



FUNDING AGENCY/S:


Environmental Safeguards: IEE Checklist for Roads and Bridges Annex C page 3



Will the project cross or traversebodies of water?Will the project cross or traversenational parks, watershed areas,sanctuaries or similar areas?Will the project cross or traversemangrove areas, swamps,wetlands or similar areas?Will the project pass throughresidential or other built up areas?Will the project cross or traverseprime agricultural lands?Will the project pass throughtraffic prone areas orintersections?Is the project located in a floodprone areas or areas vulnerable tostorm surges?Is the project located in an erosionprone area?Is the project site near an areawith indigenous community/s?Is the project located in an areawith critical/steep slope?Will the project pass near anysites with cultural/historicalsignificance?


SECTION 3. PROJECT IMPACTS IDENTIIFICATION, ASSESSMENT ANDMITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT








YES NO _-

Will there be any trees that haveto be cut?Will there be topsoil removedduring the construction phase?Will there be any excavation orcut and fill activities?Will there be other earthmovingactivities?Will sand, gravel and/or othermaterials be stockpiled in thearea?Will there be any drilling, boringand other noisy activities?Will there be any slopemodification or ground levelling?Will there be increased trafficmovement in the area?Will public/community access toor through the area be affected?Will there be increased economicactivity in the area?Will there be displacement orrelocation of any person?Will local residents be employedby the project?Will indigenous people be affectedby the project?Will women be affected by theproject?Will any other vulnerable group/sbe affected by the project?


MEASURES (for YES answers)YES NO _-

Will the drainage or floodingpatterns in the area be affected?Will the project lead to increasedtraffic or traffic congestions? _-Will the project affect land valuesin the area?Will the project bring aboutincreased economic activities?



PARAMETERS ANSWER MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT__ MEASURES (for YES answers)

YES NO _

Will the project affect any wildlifeor their habitat?_Will the project affect anyresidential or built-up areas? _Will indigenous people be affectedby the project? _Will women be affected by theproject? _Will any other vulnerable group/sbe affected by the project? _-



Informal settlers

Indigenous People

Others, pis specify

SECTION 4. ENVIRONMENTAL COMMITMENTS


Comply with existing environmental rules and regulations,guidelines and criteria?Comply with all mitigating and enhancement measures asindicated in this Report?Properly brief contractors, residents and other stakeholdersabout the conditions in the ECC and other ccmmitment oragreements in connection with the Project?



Others, pis. Specify




This is to certify that all the information and commitments in this InitialEnvironmental Examination (IEE) Report are true, accurate, and complete. ShouldI/we learn of any information which would make the IEE inaccurate, I/we shall bringsaid information to the attention of the DENR Regional Office concerned


(Date) (Project Proponent/Signature or printed name)

(Title/Designation)

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

BEFORE ME this day of , 20_ at (place)




institution)

and acknowledged to me that this IEE is his voluntary act and deed, and the voluntary act and deed



Checklist.


Notary Public




WATER SUPPLY (LEVEL 11) PROJECTInitial Environmental Examination (IEE) Report






PROJECT LOCATION refers to location of the project. Proponent shouldprovide complete description of the location of theproject (e.g., source of water, water pipelines,deepwells, service areas, affected barangays/sitios,etc.)

PROJECT DESCRIPTION provide short description of the project (e.g.,streamflow or capacity of water source, dimensions ofdistribution pipelines, capacity and number of pumps,abstraction/withdrawal rates, number of HH to beserviced, material of construction, service areas, etc.)

NAME OF PROPONENT refers to the owner of the project (e.g., water district,NIA, name of LGU, etc.)



IMPLEMENTATION SCHEME description of how the project will beimplemented (e.g., by contractor, by proponent, etc.).If the project is to be implemented by entities otherthan the proponent, the name/identity of that entity/sshould be provided, ilf available. Otherwise, the modeof selection should be described (e.g., by bidding, bynegotiation, etc.)


FUNDING AGENCY/S refers to mode of financing or source of funds (e.g.,LGU's budget, LWUA, bank loan, etc.). If funding is


Environmental Safeguards: IEE Checklist for Water Supply Annex Cpage 1

provided by outside source, the name of the project ordescription of the souirce and the name of the fundingagencies should be provided (e.g., ARCDP of WB,bond issued by name of underwriters, loan from DBP,etc.)


Attach photographs shall include panoramic shots of the proposed servicearea or location of communal faucets, water bodiesnear the project site, residential or built-up areas, etc.



indigenous community/s refers to any indigenous community located within 1 0km of the project site

sites with cultural/historical significance (examples) archaeological sites,churches, cemetery, burial sites, monuments, sites ofhistorical battles, etc.




* Location map/scale map - a 1:25,000 topographic map indicating projectsite (service area, source of water, watier pipelines, communal faucets,deepwells, etc.) and significant landmarks

* Documents related to ownership or possession of project site (i.e., OCT,TCT, Deeds of Donation, ROW Agreement)

* Technical design, plans and other related documents to describe fully theproject including an inventory of all projecl: components (e.g., water tanks,pumps, etc.)

* Proposed schedules of activities (constructicn stage, etc.)

* NWRB (Water) Permit

* Barangay Resolution endorsing the ProjectSECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)

Draft Operations ManualEnvironmental Safeguards: IEE Checklist for Water Supply Annex Cpage 2



Environmental Safeguards: IEE Checklist for Water Supply Annex Cpage 3

WATER SUPPLY (LEVEL 11) PROJECTInitial Environmental Examination (IEE) Checklist

Below is the IEE Report checklist for proponents of water supply (Level II)system. Read the questions carefully before answering in the space provided (referto Guide to Proponents for more details). Use additional sheets if necessary, andindicate this in the appropriate space.

Misleading or erroneous answers are basiis for legal actions and/or denial ofECC.


PROJECT NAME:

PROJECT LOCATION:

PROJECT DESCRIPTION:

NAME OF PROPONENT:

CONTACT PERSON:

ADDRESS:


Telephone:

Fax: e-mail:



FUNDING AGENCY/S:SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)


Environmental Safeguards: IEE Checklist for Water Supply Annex C page 4



Will the project cross, traverse oraffect any bodies of water?Will the project affect any nationalparks, forested or watershedareas, sanctuaries or similarareas?Will the project affect anymangrove areas, swamps,wetlands or similar areas?Will the project cross or traverseprime agricultural lands?Will the project pass throughtraffic prone areas orintersections?Is the project located in a floodprone areas or areas vulnerable tostorm surges?Is the project located in an erosionprone area?Is the project site near an areawith indigenous community/s?Is the project located in an areawith critical/steep slope?Will the project pass near anysites with cultural/historicalsignificance?




_ MEASURES (for YES answers)YES NO





PARAMETERS ANSWER MITIGATION/ENHANCEMENT__ MEASURES (for YES answers)

YES NOWill there be any trees that haveto be cut?Will there be topsoil removedduring the construction phase?Will there be any excavation orcut and fill activities?Will there be other earthmovingactivities?Will sand, gravel and/or othermaterials be stockpiled in thearea?Will there be any drilling, boringand other noisy activities?Will there be any slopemodification or ground levelling?Will there be increased trafficmovement in the area?Will public/community access toor through the area be affected?Will there be increased economicactivity in the area?Will there be displacement orrelocation of any person?Will local residents be employedby the project?Will indigenous people be affectedby the project? _-Will women be affected by theproject?Will any other vulnerable group/sbe affected by the project?



Will the drainage or floodingpatterns in the area be affected?Will the project lead to increasedtraffic or traffic congestions?Will the project affect land valuesin the area?Will the project bring about =-




YES NO =increased economic activities?Will the project affect any wildlifeor their habitat?Will the project affect anyresidential or built-up areas?Will indigenous people be affectedby the project?Will women be affected by theproject?Will any other vulnerable group/sbe affected by the project?



Informal settlers

Indigenous People

Others, pls specify

SECTION 4. ENVIRONMENTAL COMMITMENTS


Comply with existing environmental rules and regulations,guidelines and criteria?Comply with all mitigating and enhancement measures asindicated in this Report? I _I

SECOND AGRARIAN REFORM COMMUNITIES DEVELC)PMENT PROJECT (ARCDP 2)Draft Operations Manual


Properly brief contractors, residents and other stakeholdersabout the conditions in the ECC and other commitment oragreements in connection with the Project?Others, pis. Specify




This is to certify that all the information and commitments in this InitialEnvironmental Examination (IEE) Report are true, accurate, and complete. ShouldI/we learn of any information which would make the IEE inaccurate, I/we shall bringsaid information to the attention of the DENR Regional Office concerned


(Date) (Project ProponenVSignature or printed name)

(Title/Designation)

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

BEFORE ME this day of , 20_ at (place)




institution)

and acknowledged to me that this lEE is his voluntary act and deed, and the voluntary act and deed



Checklist.


Notary Public



Environmental Safeguards: IEE Checklist for water Supply Annex C page 9

DRAFT, 15 May2001

MEMORANDUM OF AGIREEMENT

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS:

This Agreement, made and executed this day olf _ , 2001 at Manila, Philippines, byand between:

The Department of Environment and Natural Resources, government agencyexisting under the laws of the Republic of the Philippines, with main office atVisayas Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City, and represented by its Secretary, HON.HEHERSON E. ALVAREZ, herein referred to as the "DENR";

-and-

The Department of Agrarian Reform, a government agency existing under thelaws of the Republic of the Philippines, with main office at Elliptical Road,Quezon City and represented by its Secretary, HION. HERNANI A. BRAGANZA,herein referred to as the "DAR".

WITNESSETH THAT:

WHEREAS, in the effort to protect the environment and conserve the naturalresources of the country, the Environmental Policy Decree (PD 1151) and the"Philippine Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) LaW' (PD 1586) wereenacted in 1977 and 1978 respectively,

WHEREAS, the said laws require proponents of development projects to forecastthe environmental impacts of such projects, determine and implement theappropriate preventive or mitigating measures to address adverse consequencesand submit a report of their findings in the form of either an Initial EnvironmentalExamination (IEE) or an Envirormental Impact Statement (EIS);

WHEREAS, there is a need to streamline the procedures for processingapplications for an Environmental Compliance Certificate (ECC);

WHEREAS, the integration of the EIS System early in the project developmentcycle will promote its desired function as a planning and management tool forsustainable economic development and for environmental conservation andenhancement;

WHEREAS, the DENR is the primary agency tasked with environmentalprotection, natural resources conservation and EIS administration;

WHEREAS, the DAR is responsible for implementing the agrarian reformprogram and the associated development activities for the beneficiaries of theprogram in the country;

WHEREAS, the rational way of planning the national progress of the country isthrough sustainable development; the pursuit of higher levels of quality of lifewhile preserving or even enhancing environmental quality;

WHEREAS, to ensure success in achieving national progress throughsustainable development, there is a need to encourage more active participationof concerned government institutions in policy formulation and program

DRAFT, 15 May2001

implementation, and to strengthen collaboration among them through viableworking arrangements;

WHEREAS, there is a need for line agencies to integrate the EIS System intotheir regular functions particularly those leading to the design and location ofdevelopment projects that significantly affect the ecological balance in the area;

WHEREAS, in accordance with EO 291, series of 1996, an Environmental Unit(EU) will be initially established in the DAR FAPsO, whose responsibility is toscreen, check consistency and completeness of documentation requirements andevaluate documents prior to endorsement to the Environmental ManagementBureau (EMB) or concerned DENR Regional Office for review and issuance ofCNC or ECC, as the case may be;

NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the foregoing premises, the PARTIES dohereby mutually agree and bind themselves as follows:

I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1. The words or terms when used in this Memorandum of Agreement shall mean as follows:

a) "highway/road" means a way made for traveling by the general public using motorizedland-based vehicles which includes pavements, shoulders, embankments, rights-of-way,bridges, drainage structures, signs, guardrails, and related structures.

b) "maintenance" means the act of preserving and keeping each type of highway/road asnearly as possible in its original condition as constructed or as subsequently improved.Maintenance does not include rehabilitabon, betlerment and improvement.

c) "rehabilitation" means the act of restoring any type of highway/road to its condition asoriginally constructed or as subsequently improved when the highway/road facility hasso deteriorated that normal maintenance effort, procedures and expenditures areinadequate to accomplish this task.

d) "beKterment" means any work that substantially changes the nature, strength or qualityof an existing highway/road in spot locations such as flattening a corner, replacing atemporary bridge, raising the grade on a flooded section, and the like.

e) "improvement" means any work that substantially changes the nature, strength orquality of any existing highway/road uniformly along the entire length of a road such aswidening, paving andthe like.

f) "influence area" means the area in which the project will cause an impact either in formof direct impact or indirect impact.

g) "CNC" refers to Certificate of Non Coverage

h) "DAR" refers to Department of Agrarian Reform

i) "DENR" refers to Department of Environment and Natural Resources

j) "ECC" refers to Environmental Compliance Certilficate

k) "EIS" refers to Environmental Impact Statement

I) "EMB" refers to Environmental Management Bureau

DRAFT, 15 May2001

m) "IEE" refers to Initial Environmental Examination

2. The scope and coverage of all proposed projects of DAR under the Philippine EIS Systemshall be classified as follows:

ACTIVITIES CRITERIA REQUIREMENTRehabilitation of roads & with effective expansion of less thanbridges 50% Not covered under the

Rehabilitation of irrigation service area expansion does not Philippine EIS Systemsystem exceed threshold CNC may be issued upon

Rehab of other support request of proponentsystemsConstruction of roads Roads with length in excess of 5 km

that will traverse an area with criticalslope (>50%) Submission of EIS as

Roads with length in excess of 20 km if application for ECCnot traversing an area with criticalslopeRoads with length in excess of 3 kmbut less than or equal to 5 krn that willtraverse an area with critical slope(>50%) Submission of IEE as

application for ECCRoads with length in excess of 15 kmbut less than or equal to 20 km if nottraversing an area with critical slopeRoads with length less than or equal to3 km that will traverse an area withcritical slope (>50%) Submission of duly

accomplished IEE Checklist asRoads with length in excess of 10 km application for ECCbut less than or equal to 15 km if nottraversing an area with critical slopeRoads with length less than or equal to Not covered under the10 km if not traversing an area with Philippine EIS Systemcritical slope

CNC may be issued uponrequest of proponent

Construction of bridges 2 lanes with length in excess of 200meters Submission of EIS as

application for ECC2 lanes with more than 10 spains2 lanes with length in excess of 100meters but less than or equal to 200meters Submission of IEE as

application for ECC2 lanes with more than 6 spans butless than or equal to 10 spans2 lanes with length in excess of 50meters but less than or equal to 100 Submission of dulymeters accomplished IEE Checklist as

2 lanes with more than 4 spans but application for ECCless than or equal to 6 spans

3

DRAFT, 15 May 2001

ACTIVITIES CRITERIA REQUIREMENT2 lanes with length of less; than or Not covered under theequal to 50 meters Philippine EIS System


Construction of Irrigation With service area in excess of 1,000System hectares

Reservoir storage capacity in excess of Submission of EIS as25 million cubic meters application for ECC

Reservoir area (flooded area) inexcess of 100 hectaresWith service area in excess of 700hectares but less than or equal to Submission of lEE as1,000 hectares application for ECC

Reservoir area (flooded area) in Submission of EGGARexcess of 50 hectares but less than orequal to 100 hectaresWith service area in excess of 350hectares but less than or equal to 700 Submission of duly

Reservoir area (flooded area) in accomplished IEE Checklist asexcess of 25 hectares but less than or application for ECCequal to 50 hectaresWith service area of less than or equal Not covered under theto 300 Philippine EIS System


Construction of water Level IlIl water systems with infiltration Submission of EIS assystems gallery application for ECC

Level IlIl water systems Submission of IEE asapplication for ECC

Level II water systems Submission of dulyaccomplished lEE Checklist asapplication for ECC



Construction of infrastructure Farmers' Exchange CentersSupport Multi-purpose pavements

Health centers Not covered under theClassrooms/School buildings Philippine EIS System

(with lot area of less than 1.0 hectares CNC may be issued uponin a rural area [or 1,000 square meters request of proponentin urban areas] and structure does notexceed 3 storeys in height)

Training and institutional none Not covered under theassistance Philippine EIS System

4

DRAFT, 15 May 2001

ACTIVITIES CRITERIA REQUIREMENTLivelihood Activities Rice/corn mill not exceeding 1.0

ton/hour input capacity

Backyard animal farms not exceeding5,000 heads of birds or 2 sows with Not covered under the20 pigs Philippine EIS System

Sari-sari (or coop) store CNC may be issued upon

Organic compost/fertilizer production request of proponentnot exceeding 10,000 (50 kg) bagsper annum capacity

Cottage industriesLivelihood activities with capacities in Submission of dulyexcess of the threshold accomplished IEE Checklist/s

as application for ECC

3. For projects or activities not listed herein, the provisions contained in the Procedural Manualfor DAO 96-37 (Revised Second Edition) or any amendments thereto shall guide DENR andDAR in determining its scope and coverage under the Philippine EIS System, amongothers.

II. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE DENR

The DENR shall:

1. Extend technical assistance to the DAR in organizing and developing its EU, on mattersrelating to environmental management by providing technical training on the EIS Systemand other capacity building measures;

2. Devise plans/mechanisms, in consultation with the DAR, on the expeditious processing ofall projects covered by the EIS System or needing DENR certifications;

3. Provide the DAR with relevant guidelines, procedures and regulations required under theEIS System;

4. Invite technical experts from the DAR to serve as resource persons for the EnvironmentalImpact Assessment Review Committee (EIARC) in the conduct of scoping, substantivereview and evaluation of the EIS/IEE documents for which the DAR is not the proponent;

5. Agree to review this Memorandum of Agreement after the first two years and every fiveyears thereafter.

III. RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE DAR

The DAR shall:

1. Develop its EU Office to undertake functions related to environmental management of DARprojects;

2. Provide technical training, consultation, direction, and support to Services, ProjectManagement Offices, Bureaus, and Regional Offices of DAR on such areas as concepts

5

DRAFT, 15 May2001

and principles of the EIS System, and the early integration of environmental considerationproject planning;

3. Undertake the drafting of internal environmental management guidelines for considerationin the design documents, contract and tender documents, construction supervision, andmonitoring requirements for both environmentally critical and non-critical projects anddisseminate these to Services, Project Management: Offices, Bureaus, and Regional Officesand secure their use;

4. Initiate the preparation and development of the Initial Environmental Examination (IEE)Checklist for applicable DAR projects in coordination with the DENR;

5. Conduct Initial Environmental Screening of its projects to determine those that are Non-Critical Projects, Environmentally Critical Projects (ECPs), or located in EnvironmentallyCritical Areas (ECAs), in accordance with the approved and agreed-upon screeningprocedures and criteria by the parties hereto;

6. Participate in and provide inputs to the Scoping, substantive review of the EIS documentsand other aspects in which the DAR has expertise AND is not the proponent;

7. Coordinate with the DENR on the expeditious processing of environmental clearances andpermits in coordination wth LGUs, and other DENR attached agencies and Bureaus;

8. Ensure that appropriate post-assessment monitoring and reporting shall be conducted asrequired;

9. As a replacement to Environmental Guarantee Fund (EGF), the DAR shall ensure thatContractors All Risk Insurance (CARI) is provided to cover expenses for the following;indemnification/compensation of damage to life and property that may be caused by theimplementation of the projects and abandonrment/dlecommissioning of the project facilitiesrelated to the prevention of possible negative impact;

10. Assist and facilitate the formation of Multipartite Monitoring Team (MMT) by the appropriateagencies (e.g., LGU, irrigation association, cooperatives). Since there are limited fundsavailable for Environmental Monitoring Fund (EMF), the MMT shall be formed throughBayanihan Approach (voluntary basis) with members coming from the different sectors orstakeholders. In this regard, expenses of members of MMT in the performance of theirofficial duties will be charged to appropriate funds of their respective offices; and

11. Agree to review this Memorandum of Agreement after the first two years and every fiveyears thereafter.

IV. REVIEW PROCESS FOR ARCDP II

With regard to projects being implemented by DAR, both parties agree to adopt an integratedarea development approach in the environmental assessment and subsequent issuance ofappropriate CNC/ECC of subprojects for the various ARCs.

1. Review Procedures:

a. The individual ARC shall submit their respective Comprehensive ARC DevelopmentPlan to DENR, as endorsed by DAR. Th,e Plan shall serve as the basis fordetermination of coverage and/or review by DENR-EMB.

6

DRAFT, 15 May 2001

b. DENR-EMB shall issue a single CNC/ECC for such components/modules/activitieslisted in the Plan in accordance with the results of its assessment in line with the criteriaand guidelines governing the Philippine EIS Sysltem.

2. At the option of the proponent, the application for the appropriate ECC/CNC may also beprocured on an individual activities/projects basis in accordance with the provisions ofArticle I of this Memorandum of Agreement through regular channels;

3. DAR, through the respective Central Project Office/s, shall not approve nor release anyfunds for activity/project that is not covered by the appropriate CNC/ECC; and

4. DENR shall issue the corresponding Department Administrative Order (DAO),Memorandum Circular (MC) and/or other administrative issuance/s necessary to implementand operationalizethe provisions of this Agreement.

V. AMENDMENTS

1. No modification of this Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) or any part therof shall be madeexcept after execution of a written agreement duly signed by both parties;

2. Should circumstances necessitate the revision of any item embodied in this MOA theconcerned party shall, prior to such revisions, coordinate in the process of revision andgrant a reasonable grace period for the implementation of such revision.

VI. EFFECTIVITY

This Memorandum of Agreement shall take effect imnmediately upon the signing hereof andshall remain in force and effect until terminated by both parties.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties, through their duly authorized representatives, havehereunto entered into this Agreement and affixed their signatures on the date and place hereinabove-mentioned.

HEHERSON E. ALVAREZ HERNANI A. BRAGANZASecretary, DENR Secretary DAR

WITNESSES

DENR Undersecretary for Environment DAR Undersecretary for ----------------------

PETER ANTHONY A. ABAYA JOSE MARI B. PONCEDirector, DENR - EMB Executive Director, DAR - FAPsO

7