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In the words of Dr. Leonard Adleman,we simply cannot, at this time,control molecules with the deftnessthat electrical engineers andphysicists control electrons.

Use of biochips in human bodiesmay generate opposition fromtechnophobes.

Operation Cyborgs.

Current Problems


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One pound of DNA has the capabilityto store more information than all theelectronic computers ever built.

One cm3 of DNA can holdapproximately 10 terabytes of data

DNA computer the size of a teardropwould be more powerful than theworlds most powerful supercomputer

Specifications


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Began in 1994 when Dr. LeonardAdleman wrote the paper Molecularcomputation of solutions tocombinatorial problems.

He then carried out this experimentsuccessfully although it took himdays to do so!

Evolution of the DNAcomputer (1)


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DNA computers moved from testtubes onto gold plates.



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First practical DNA computer unveiledin 2002. Used in gene analysis.



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Self-powered DNA computer unveiledin 2003.o First programmable autonomous

computing machine in which the input,output, software and hardware were allmade of DNA molecules.

o Can perform a billion operations per

second with 99.8% accuracy.



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Biological computer developed thatcould be used to fight cancers.o Designer DNA identifies abnormal and is

attracted to it.o The Designer molecule then releases

chemicals to inhibit its growth or even killthe malignant cells.

o

Successfully tested on animals.



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There is always a plentiful supply ofit.

Since there is a plentiful supply, it is acheap resource.

DNA biochips can be made cleanly,unlike the toxic materials used tomake traditional microprocessors.

DNA computers can be made manytimes smaller than today's computers.

Advantages of DNAcomputers


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DNA computers are massively parallelin their computation.o Excellent for NP problems such as the

Travelling Salesman problem.o Solutions that would otherwise take

months to compute could be found inhours.

Advantages of DNAComputers (2)


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DNA computers are not completelyaccurate at this moment in time.o During an operation, there is a 95%

chance a particular DNA molecule willcompute correctly. Would cause aproblem with a large amount ofoperations.

DNA has a half-life.o Solutions could dissolve away before the

end result is found.

Current problems with theDNA computer


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DNA computer must aim to becompatible with seven environmentsto succeed.

Intrapsychic Already complies since it hasbeen conceptualised!

Construction/manufacture This will beanswered in time.

Adoption Should inherit customer base of

silicon computers.

Environment compatibility (1)


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Continued Use Already seen the potential for this. Failure Inherits this from silicon

microprocessors. Scrapping Cleaner to dispose of than current

microprocessors. Political/ecological Could face opposition

from technophobes.

Environment compatibility (2)


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DNA computers showing enormouspotential, especially for medicalpurposes as well as data processing

applications. Still a lot of work and resources

required to develop it into a fullyfledged product.

Conclusion

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