scientific revolution the age of reason 1500s thru the 1700s
TRANSCRIPT
SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
The Age of Reason
1500s thru the 1700s
Scientific Revolution
Emphasis on reason and the systematic observation of nature
– Know this definition.
– Reason: the power of acquiring intellectual knowledge based on facts or premises
Food for thought
The accomplishments of one era (like the Age of Exploration) often serve as a catalyst for change in another era (like the Scientific Revolution).
What does this mean? Can you think of examples?
Scientific Revolution
Causes of the Scientific Revolution– Medieval Universities– The Renaissance– Renewed emphasis on mathematics– Renaissance system of patronage– Navigational problems of long sea voyages– Better scientific instruments
How can these events cause people to think differently?
Scientific Revolution
New interest in science led to discoveries and philosophies based on reason
Scientific Revolution starts with a new interpretation of the workings of our solar system
• Know this.
Scientific Revolution
During the Renaissance, most believed the earth was the center of the universe and the Church supported this.– Remember what happens to people who
disagree with the Church?
Flashcards
You will be creating flashcards to help you remember these scientists. Pay attention to directions.
You can use the following slides to help you fill in the necessary information on the cards.
Your cards should be similar to the example shown next.
Nicholaus Copernicus 1473-1543
Polish astronomer• Know him.
Proved the Heliocentric theory
• Know this definition.
– The earth revolves around the sun
Galileo Galilei1564-1642
Italian mathematician• Know him.
Used new improved telescope to prove Copernicus’ Heliocentric Theory was correct
Galileo
Was forced to recant by Catholic Church• Know this definition.
Galileo
Famous experiment with the speed of falling bodies and their weight at the Leaning Tower of Pisa
Johannes Kepler1571-1630
German astronomer– Know him.
Used math to prove the earth’s orbit was elliptical, not circular as Copernicus believed
– Know the definition.
– Theory of planetary motion– Know this.
Francis Bacon1561-1626
English philosopher• Know him.
Made the use of the Scientific Method popular– Hypothesis – Collect data– Analyze data– Conclusion.
– Know definition and steps
Rene Descartesearly 1600s
French philosopher and mathematician– Know him.
Invented analytical geometryHelped to develop the Scientific Method
Rene Descartes
Believed the truth must be reached through reason
Wrote Discourse on Method– Know his book.
– Only one undeniable truth—his own existence—so question everything
– “I think, therefore I am.”– Know this quote.
Sir Isaac Newton1642-1727
English mathematician – Know him.
Wrote Principia (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy)
– Know his book.
– Considered the greatest scientific book ever written
Developed calculus– Know this.
Sir Isaac Newton
Developed the Theory of Universal Gravitation
– Know this
– Force of gravity holds things on earth and holds the solar system together
Sir Isaac Newton
Considered the greatest and most influential scientist of all time
“If I have seen further than others, it is by standing upon the shoulders of giants.”
• Know this quote.
– What did he mean?
Andreas Vesalius1514-1564
Flemish doctorWrote The Structure
of the Human Body.• Know his book.
Started the science of anatomy
• Know definition.
William Harvey1578-1657
English doctorDiscovered how the blood circulates
through the body• Know this.
Robert Hookemid-1600s
English doctorUsed the microscope to discover the cell
• Know this.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Dutch scientist Improved the
microscope and saw bacteria
• Know him.
MAP OF SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION
Help from Monarchs
Monarchs helped scientists in their studies
• Know this fact.
Royal Society of London (1662)
French Academy of Science (1666)– Could there have been a
Scientific Revolution without the financial support and encouragement of the government or patrons?