Scientific MethodScience Safety Rules

Name ~--------------

The Bikini Bottom gang has been learning safety rules during science class. Read theparagraphs below to find the broken safety rules and underline each one. How manycan you find?

SpongeBob, Patrick, and Gary were thrilled when Mr. Krabbs gave theirteacher a chemistry set! Mr. Krabbs warned them to be careful and reminded themto follow the safety rules they had learned in science class. The teacher passedout the materials and provided each person with an experiment book.

SpongeBob and Gary flipped through the book and decided to test theproperties of a mystery substance. Since the teacher did not tell them to wear thesafety goggles, they left them on the table. SpongeBob lit the Bunsen burner andthen reached across the flame to get a test tube from Gary. In the process, heknocked over a bottle of the mystery substance and a little bit splashed on Gary.SpongeBob poured some of the substance into a test tube and began to heat it.When it started to bubble he looked into the test tube to see what was happeningand pointed it towards Gary so he could see. Gary thought it smelled weird so hetook a deep whiff of it. He didn't think it smelled poisonous and tasted a little bitof the substance. They were worried about running out of time, so they left thetest tube and materials on the table and moved to a different station to try anotherexperiment.

Patrick didn't want to waste any time reading the directions, so he put onsome safety goggles and picked a couple different substances. He tested themwith vinegar (a weak acid) to see what would happen even though he didn't havepermission to experiment on his own. He noticed that one of the substances didnot do anything, but the other one fizzed. He also mixed two substances togetherto see what would happen, but didn't notice anything. He saw SpongeBob andGary heating something in a test tube and decided to do that test. He ran over tothat station and knocked over a couple bottles that SpongeBob had left open.After cleaning up the spills, he read the directions and found the materials heneeded. The only test tube he could find had a small crack in it, but he decided touse it anyway. He lit the Bunsen burner and used tongs to hold the test tube overthe flame. He forgot to move his notebook away from the flame and almostcaught it on fire.

Before they could do another experiment, the bell rang and they rushed toput everything away. Since they didn't have much time, Patrick didn't clean outhis test tube before putting it in the cabinet. SpongeBob noticed that he had asmall cut on his finger, but decided he didn't have time to tell the teacher about it.Since they were late, they skipped washing their hands and hurried to the nextclass.

Worksheet created by T. Trimpe 2003 http://sciencespot.net/

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FUNCTIONS OF MICROSCOPE PARTS

EYEPIECE: Holds ocular lens', Directs light to eye.

OCULAR LENS: The eyepiece lens that usually magnifies by a power of 10.

HIGH-POWER OBJECTIVE: Located just above the ·stage. The longer of theobjectives. Magnities usually by a power at 40.

LOW-POWER OBJECTIVE: Located just above the stage. The ancrter of theoOjectivs. Magnifies usually by.e-power or 10.

STA G E: The ·horizontal·platfonn just belore the objectives. Supports the slide forobservation.

REVOLYING NOSEPIECE: Holds the objective lenses. It can be manuany rotanto seleci lhe Objective lens you wish 10use.

STAG E CLIPS: Clamp' over the' edges 01the mcrcscoce slice to secure it to thestage.

OIAPHRAGM (or condenser); Regulates the amount of light entering tliemicroscope. It is located just befow the stage.

MIRaOR OR LIGHT: The Ughtsource tor a'rnlcrcsccpa.

COARSE ADJUSTMENT: Moves the stage up and down. .Usedto focus themicroscope, an~ it is used only with the low-power objective.

FINE ADJUSTMENT: Used to '"fine tune" the focus. It is used with the high.powerObjective.

a.B...M.: The back of the microscope. Used to transport the microscope with the base,

B A.S E: The bottom of the microscope. It is used to transport the microscope alongwith the arm. .

BODY TUBE: Holds the eyepiece at one end and the reVOlvingnosepiece at theo'ther end. It helps to funnel t~ light to the ocular lens.

NOrE: Both eyes should be open when view1ng through the microscope. Thisprevents eye fatigue, which occurs when the nonviewing eye is kept closed.Keeping both eyes open does take some practice, but it is highlyrecommended.

Scientific Method Name ~ _

What is the scientific method? It is a that is used to find to questions about theworld around us.

Is there only one "scientific method"? No, there are several versions of the scientific method. Some versions havemore , while others may have only a few. However, they all begin with the identification of a_______ or a to be answered based on observations of the world around us and providean method for conducting and analyzing an experiment.

What is a hypothesis? It is an based on observations and your knowledge of thetopic.

What is data? It is gathered during an experiment.

What do you want to know or explain? Use observations you have madeto write a question that addresses the problem or topic you want to investigate.

What do you think will happen? Predict the answer to your question or the outcome of the experiment.

How will you test your hypothesis? Develop a procedurefor a reliable experiment and address safety rules.

Follow the steps in your procedure to perform your experiment. Record data and observations!

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'- Is the data reliable? Does your data and observations from the experiment support your hypothesis? ~

Yes No .-

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(~ Besr 'Is your data inaccurate orthe experiment flawed? Rewrite your procedure to address

\...'- ~------." '- the flaws in the original experiment. ~No , ------------~~~-----"',.

Write a conclusion that summarizes the important parts of your experiment and the results.

T. Trimpe 2003 http://sciencespot.net/

Scientific MethodControls and Variables - Part 1

Nmne _

SpongeBob and his Bikini Bottom pals have been busy doing a little research. Read thedescription for each experiment and answer the questions.

1 • Patty PowerMr. Krabbs wants to make Bikini Bottoms a nicer place to live. He has created a new sauce that hethinks will reduce the production of body gas associated with eating crabby patties from the KrustyKrab. He recruits 100 customers with a history of gas problems. He has 50 of them (Group A) eatcrabby patties with the new sauce. The other 50 (Group B) eat crabby patties with sauce that looks justlike new sauce but is really just mixture of mayonnaise and food coloring. Both groups were told thatthey were getting the sauce that would reduce gas production. Two hours after eating the crabbypatties, 30 customers in group A reported having fewer gas problems and 8 customers in group Breported having fewer gas problems.

Which people are in the control group?

What is the independent variable?

What is the dependent variable?

What should Mr. Krabs' conclusion be?

Why do you think 8 people in group B reported feeling better?

2 - SlimotosisSponge Bob notices that his pal Gary is suffering from slimotosis, which occurs when the shelldevelops a nasty slime and gives off a horrible odor. His friend Patrick tells him that rubbing seaweedon the shell is the perfect cure, while Sandy says that drinking Dr. Kelp will be a better cure. SpongeBob decides to test this cure by rubbing Gary with seaweed for 1 week and having him drink Dr. Kelp.After a week of treatment, the slime is gone and Gary's shell smells better.

What was the initial observation?

What is the independent variable?

What is the dependent variable?

What should Sponge Bob's conclusion be?

Worksheet created by T; Trimpe 2003 http://sciencespot.net/

3 - Marshmallow MusclesLarry was told that a certain muscle cream was the newest best thing on the market and claims todouble a person's muscle power when used as part of a muscle-building workout. Interested in thisproduct, he buys the special muscle cream and recruits Patrick and SpongeBob to help him with anexperiment. Larry develops a special marshmallow weight-lifting program for Patrick and SpongeBob.He meets with them once every day for a period of 2 weeks and keeps track of their results. Beforeeach session Patrick's arms and back are lathered in the muscle cream, while Sponge Bob's arms andback are lathered with the regular lotion.

Which person is in the control group? Time Patrick SpongellobInitial 18 5Amount

After 1 24 9weekAfter 2 33 17weeks

What is the independent variable?

What is the dependent variable?

What should Larry's conclusion be?

4 - Microwave MiraclePatrick believes that fish that eat food exposed tomicrowaves will become smarter and would beable to swim through a maze faster. He decidesto perform an experiment by placing fish food ina microwave for 20 seconds. He has the fishswim through a maze and records the time ittakes for each one to make it to the end. He feedsthe special food to 10 fish and gives regular foodto 10 others. After 1 week, he has the fish swimthrough the maze again and records the times foreach.

Special Food Group(Time in minutes/seconds)

Regular Food Group(Time in minutes/seconds)

Fish Before After1 1:06 1:002 1:54 1:203 2:04 1:574 2:15 2:205 1:27 1:206 1:45 1:407 1:00 1:15B 1:28 1:269 1:09 1:0010 2:00 1 :43

Fish Before After1 1:09 1:082 1:45 1 :303 2:00 2:054 1:30 1:235 1:28 1:246 2:09 2:007 1:25 1:198 1:00 1:159 2:04 1:5710 1:34 1 :30

What was Patrick's hypothesis?

Which fish are in the control group?

What is the independent variable?

What is the dependent variable?

Look at the results in the charts. What should Patrick's conclusion be?

Worksheet created by T. Trimpe 2003 http://sciencespot.net/

Metric System Challenge Narne -----

1. Instrument used to find mass.21 17

2. Metric unit for length _ _ _ _ _ 2320

3. Amount of space an object takes up _16

4.9.8m/s2 _10

5. Metric unit for mass _15

6. Instrument used to measure volume _6 8 25

7. Mass + volume19 24

8. 1 meter = 100 _4

9. Metric unit for weight _5

10. Metric unit for liquid volume _3

11. Amount of matter in an object _26

12. Measure of the force of gravity acting on an object _18

13. Metric unit for temperature _11 1

14. 1 liter = 1,000 _7

15. The name of the "bubble" _22

16. 1000 grams = 1 _12

17. Instrument used to measure length _14

18. 1 milliliter = 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _13

19. Width, height, thickness, or distance _9

20. Formula for calculating volume _ x _ x_2

Whywere the teacher's eyes crossed?,

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17--- ------,18 1920 212223242526

Bilri, BIIil Illri' KllilName, _

Metric Conversions Metric Conversions

I) Kilogram __

Write the correct abbreviation for each metric unit.

4) Milliliter __

Fill in the boxes in the stair step diagram.

/To convert to a smaller unlt, movedecimal point to the right or multiply

•-,BasicUnit

,.,

To convert to a larger unit. movedeCimal point to the len or divide .

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3) Gram __

Try these conversions, using the ladder method.

6) Liter __

2) Meter __ 5) Millimeter __

10)2000mg= __ g 15)5L= mL

II) lO4km= __ m 16) 1989= kg

Try these conversions, using the ladder method.

12)480cm= __ m 17)75 mL=_, _L

1000mg = g 1L= mL13)5.6kg= __ g

160em = mm

14)8 mm= __ cm

14km= l09g= kg km250m=m

Compare using <, >, or =.

Compare using <, >, or =.56cmO 6m

25)63 em 06m

7g 0 698mg26) 536em 0 53.6dm

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18)50cm= __ m

19)5.6 m =__ em

27) 5 gO 508 mg

28)43 mg 05 g

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Name _

7) Kilometer __

8) Centimeter __

9) Milligram __

20) 16 em= mm

21) 2500 m = km

22)65 g= __ mg

23) 6.3 cm = __ mm

24) l20mg= __ g

29) 1,500mL 01.5 L

30) 3.6 m 036 em