Scientific Method

Blueprint

For

Success

Define the Problem

Make sure you know what the problem is.

State the problem as a clear question.

Will the use of Exxon gasoline give my car better gas mileage?

Research the Problem

Find out all you can concerning your problem

Use the Library Magazines The internet Personal Interviews

Form a Hypothesis in the form of an “If -Then” Statement

The first part of the statement represents the problem, while the second part represents the proof you are looking for.

Examples: If I spend my money on a new CD, then I will not

have enough to go to the movies. If I use Exxon Gasoline, then my car will get better

gas mileage.

Develop a Controlled Experiment

All experiments contain variables (things found in the experiment).

The Experimental variable is the thing being tested

The Control variables are the other thing having an effect on the experimental variable

These must be kept identical

Let’s Look at an Example!

Gasoline’s Affect on Car Mileage.

What are Some Possible Variables?

Car type Gasoline type Driver Driving Conditions Amount of gasoline Tires Extra weight in car

If we are testing gasoline, what variables must be kept identical?

The cars must be of the same type. Each car must have the same amount of gasoline. The cars must be driven over the same course, at

the same speed, and under the same weather conditions.

The cars must contain the same type of tires. The only difference is the type of gasoline.

Conduct the Experiment

Conduct the experiment several times.

This is important to rule out making mistakes by using too few trials.

The more trials the more specific the data.

Analysis of Data

Examine the data and analyze it making a determination as to what it is saying.

Check to see if your data is complete or if more tests need to be conducted.

Form a Conclusion

Apply your analyzed data to your “If- then” statement (hypothesis).

If it satisfies the statement, then your hypothesis is correct.

If not, then you need to reexamine your data and find out why.

Make sure the experiment can be reproduced producing the same results.