scienceandtechnologyinsãopaulo,& brazil · scienceandtechnologyinsãopaulo,& brazil...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Science and Technology in São Paulo, Brazil
Carlos H. de Brito Cruz Scien4fic Director Fapesp Presenta4on at FW California Nov. 16, 2014
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 1 18/11/14
![Page 2: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
State of São Paulo, Brasil
18/11/14 2 fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp
41 Million people 32% of Brazil’s GDP 50% of Brazilian science 13% of State budget to HE
and R&D 1.6% GDP for R&D 3 State Universities 3+1 Federal H.E. institutions 52 State Tech Faculties 45% of the PhDs graduated in
Brazil (4,937 in 2010) 22 Research Institutes (19
state/3 federal)
![Page 3: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
São Paulo: R&D Expenditures, 2011, by source
• R&D expenditures total 1.6% of state GDP – Grew from 1.52% in 2008
• Public expenditures dominated by state – State 63% – Federal 37%
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 3 18/11/14
![Page 4: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Brasil: R&D expenditures, 2011 By source
• Intensity 1.1% GDP
• Public espanditure dominated by Federal Government – States 33% – Federal 67%
alesp-‐fapesp-‐20140820.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 4 18/11/14
![Page 5: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Brazil, excluding São Paulo: R&D expenditures, 2011; By source
• Intensity – 0,9% of regional GDP
• Public expenditure strongly dominated by Federal government – States 19% – Federal 81%
alesp-‐fapesp-‐20140820.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 5 18/11/14
![Page 6: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
State level support for R&D in Brazil, 2010
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 6 18/11/14
10 x
Source: Indicadores C&T, MCTI
23 x
![Page 7: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Fapesp: São Paulo Research FoundaGon
• Mission: support research in all fields • Funded by the State of São Paulo with 1% of all state revenues • All proposals are peer reviewed (25,000 proposals in 2013)
– Average 4me for decision– 69 days; 50% success rate • Annual budget: $ 500 M in 2013
– Fellowships (3,000 SI, 2,600 MSc, 4,000 DrSc, 2,000 Post-‐docs, 800 other) – Academic R&D
• RIDC/11 years, Thema4c/5 years, Young Inves4gators/4 years, Regular/2 years
– University-‐Industry Joint R&D: Microsod, Agilent, Braskem, Oxiteno, SABESP, VALE, Natura, Petrobrás, Embraer, Padtec, Biolab, Cristalia, Whirlpool, Boeing
• Engineering Res. Centers: 10 years joint grants FAPESP/Industry – PCBA, GSK, Natura, BG – Small bussiness R&D: 1,200 SBE’s (three PIPE+PAPPE awards per week in 2013)
18/11/14 7 fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp
![Page 8: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
FAPESP expenditures, 2013 Total: R$ 1.103 billion
fapesp12-‐20131115.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 8 18/11/14
![Page 9: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
São Paulo creates more arGcles than any country in LaGn America
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 9 18/11/14
![Page 10: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
fapesp14-‐20140621.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 10 18/11/14 10
![Page 11: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
FAPESP: Basic Science Focus
• In the World, and in Brazil, there is in an “u4litarian” view about Science – Science that makes business more compe44ve – Science that heals the sick – Science that makes the poor rich
• In addi4on, FAPESP also values a not so “u4litarian” item – Science that makes mankind wiser
• In all fields there are fundamental ques4ons – Philosophy, Archeology, Literature, Linguis4cs, High Energy Physics, Cosmic Rays, Astronomy, Evolu4on,..
18/11/14 11 fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp
![Page 12: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
SOAR: Southern Observatory for Astrophysical Research
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 12 18/11/14
J.B. Haislip et al., “A photometric redshift of z = 6.39 0.12 for GRB 050904”, Nature 440, 181-183 (9 March 2006).
Infrared aderglow observa4on ader a GRB -‐ unveils the explosion which happened 13 billion years ago. These results demonstrated that GRBs can be used to trace the star forma4on, metallicity, and reioniza4on histories of the early Universe. USP, UFRGS, UNC Ch.Hill
Fapesp, CNPq, NSF,...
![Page 13: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
How did Man come to America?
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 13 18/11/14
![Page 14: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Center for Metropolitan Studies: public policy research
Quality of public educaBon Quality of public health
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 14 18/11/14
Poor people concentration (2000) Poor people concentration (2000)
(Source: Marta Arretche (USP and CEBRAP), presentation at FAPESP Week, Oct. 26, 2011)
Mun
icip
al le
vel q
ualit
y in
dex
Mun
icip
al le
vel q
ualit
y in
dex
![Page 15: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
BIOTA: Science, July 2009
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 15 18/11/14
![Page 16: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
BIOTA: cascading effects in evoluGon SCIENCE 2013
fapesp12-‐20131115.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 16 18/11/14
![Page 17: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
SP Environment Secretary bases ResoluGon on BIOTA research
• Several Governor Decrees and Resolu4ons – Decree 53.939, 06Jan09 – Legal
Reserves – Decree 54.746, 04Sep09 –
Conserva4on Units Cantareira
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 17 18/11/14
![Page 18: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
FAPESP’s BIOEN research program: 84 → 148 → 212 → 381 ton/Ha??
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 18 18/11/14
![Page 19: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Non-Renewable Renewable
Ener
gy s
ourc
es in
Bra
zil,
2006
Brazil: 47% of energy from renewable sources (2009); 18% from sugarcane
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 19 18/11/14
cane 18%
Renewables in Brazil: 47%; World: 13%; OECD: 7,2%
![Page 20: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Embraer-‐FAPESP: R&D to build an innovaGve jet
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 20 18/11/14
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation and tests Research co-funded by FAPESP, using several universities
![Page 21: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Vaccines research
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 21 18/11/14
![Page 22: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp 22 18/11/14
![Page 23: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
FAPESP: internaGonal agreements for joint research funding
• Agreements with foreign funding agencies, universi4es and companies
• 303 joint proposals supported, 2005-‐2010 – U.S 115; France 87; Germany 41; U.K. 27; Argen4na 11; Canada 8; Portugal 8
18/11/14 23 fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp
UK: RCUK; KCL; Surrey; Southampton; NoHngham, Manchester, Keele, IoE/UoL; Bangor, Birmingham, Bath, East Anglia, York, Edinburgh, Cambridge; BG, GSK, BP Ge: DFG, Fraunhofer, U. Münster Fr: ANR; CNRS; INSERM; INRIA; INRA Ca: ISTP; NSERC; U. Toronto; U. Wetern Ontario, McMaster, CALDO EU: CNPq (Bioenergy)
Is: Hebrew Univ. Jerusalem ; MATIMOP Ar: CONICET; Cl: CONICYT U.S.: NSF – CNIC and ICC; Microso] Research; Boeing; Agilent Technologies MIT, USC, U Michigan, UC Davis, OSU, NCSU, UNC-‐Charlo^e, MBL, TTU, UT-‐AusBn Portugal: FCT Fi: AkA / De: DCSR Spain: Salamanca, CSIC
![Page 24: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
OpportuniGes for foreign scienGsts in SP: Post-‐doctoral fellowships
• Three to Five years dura4on – Brazilian or Foreign – S4pend – Support for moving and installa4on and Travel for awardee and his family – Plus 15% for research incidentals (travel, small equip.) – Plus possible scholarship for 1 year abroad
• 2,313 proposals, 1.074 awards in 2013 – 46% success rate – 1,900 fellowships paid in Mar. 2013 – FAPESP looks for candidates from any country and na4onality
• Find opportuni4es – Open posi4ons at hsp://www.fapesp.br/oportunidades/en/ – Or contact a supervisor to submit a proposal
18/11/14 24 e-‐science-‐young-‐scien4sts.ppts; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp
![Page 25: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
OpportuniGes for foreign scienGsts in SP: Young InvesGgator Awards
• 4 years grant – Typical value ranges from US$ 200 th to US$ 2 million
• Fellowship for PI (including travel and installa4on) • Equipments • Consummables • Travel • Fellowships for students
• 5,132 proposals, 1,350 awards since 1996 – 347p/72a in 2013 (1.5 awards per week)
• Info at hsp://www.fapesp.br/en/4479
18/11/14 25 e-‐science-‐young-‐scien4sts.ppts; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp
![Page 26: ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil · ScienceandTechnologyinSãoPaulo,& Brazil Carlos’H.’de’Brito’Cruz Scien4fic’Director’ Fapesp’ ’ Presentaon’at’ FW’CaliforniaNov.’16,’2014’](https://reader034.vdocuments.site/reader034/viewer/2022052022/6037a4b9ba17d01866648594/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
To know about research in São Paulo: FAPESP Newsleger – in English
• hsp://agencia.fapesp.br/en/
18/11/14 26 fapesp10-‐EN-‐20131110-‐ncarolina.pptx; © C.H. Brito Cruz e Fapesp