science10f&examreview& exam outline&...

Science 10F Exam Review

EXAM OUTLINE PART A: MULTIPLE CHOICE (50 questions -‐ 50 points) Write your answers on the answer sheet provided. Read the questions carefully and choose the best answer.

Topic Question Range Topic Question Range Astronomy 1 – 10 Reproduction 26 – 40

Atoms & Elements 11 – 25 Electricity 41 – 50 PART B: EXTENDED ANSWERS (50 points)

Topic Point Value Topic Point Value Astronomy 10 Reproduction 15

Atoms & Elements 15 Electricity 10 RESOURCES TO HELP YOU STUDY Vocabulary Activities Your vocabulary activities are an excellent resource you should use to study. You should be able to define and describe all of the terms on your vocabulary sheet from each unit. Remember that you can also find the complete vocabulary list online. Tests You can review old tests in class. Taking time to write down the answers to questions you had wrong will help you study. The tests will also give you a good idea of which topics are most important. Test Reviews At the end of each unit you were given a test review. These same types of questions will be on your exam. Going through the sheets and making sure you can answer all of those questions is a great way to study. Online Review Questions Throughout the course you were asked to complete online review questions. These questions are a good way to prepare for the multiple choice section of your exam. Comparing and Contrasting Major Concepts Listed below are some key concepts from the course. On a separate sheet, list two similarities and two differences between each pair of terms. This will help you understand how each concept relates to the other.

• Solar System/Universe • Geocentric/Heliocentric Models • Altitude/Azimuth • Identical/Fraternal Twins • Dominant/Recessive Genes • Genotype/Phenotype • Mitosis/Meiosis • Gametes/Gonads • Metal/Nonmetal • Chemical/Physical Property • Chemical/Physical Change • Atomic Mass/Atomic Number • Static/Current Electricity • Conductor/Insulator • Series/Parallel Circuits • Primary/Secondary Cells


TOPIC 1: ASTRONOMY 1. What is the order of the planets from the Sun? 2. Describe and differentiate among comets, asteroids, meteoroids, meteors, and

meteorites. 3. Write a statement to compare and contrast comets and asteroids. 4. Explain why the moon has phases. 5. Sketch and label the 8 phases of the moon as they appear from Earth.


6. Graph the moon’s maximum altitude (y-‐axis) versus the month (x-‐axis) over a one-‐year period. Include each of the 5 criteria for a good graph.

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 60° 55° 48° 35° 24° 20° 18° 21° 30° 42° 50° 60°

7. What is the difference between the geocentric and heliocentric models of the

universe? 8. Sketch a picture of retrograde motion, explain what it is, and how it proves the

heliocentric model of the universe. 9. What is azimuth and how do you measure it?


10. What is altitude and how do you measure it? 11. Why do astronomers need to use both altitude and azimuth to locate an object? 12. Why, when giving azimuth and altitude, do we need to give a reference location? The following data is a prediction for the pass of a satellite called AO-‐85.

Maximum Altitude

Azimuth at Max. Altitude

36° 52° 13. Using a protractor and a ruler sketch the altitude and azimuth where an

observer at the centre of the circle would look to find a satellite at its highest point in the sky.

N


14. Use your seasonal star map to name the constellation that is completely visible located closest to the northern horizon on February 5th at 8 pm.

15. In what constellation is Polaris? 16. Explain how would you use Ursa Major to “star hop” and locate Polaris? Give the

names of specific stars in the Ursa Major constellation. 17. Why do the stars seem to move in the night sky? For example, why don’t we see

the Big Dipper in the same spot all the time? 18. What are two goals of NASA’s OSIRIS-‐REx mission? 19. Why is the mission important? 20. Explain the difference between an astronomical unit and a light year. 21. Jupiter is 5 A.U. from the Sun. If 1 A.U. = 150 000 000 km, how many km is

Jupiter from the Sun? Write your answer in scientific notation.


22. If the nearest star is 4.2 light years away from our sun, how far away is it in km? Write your answer in scientific notation.

TOPIC 2: REPRODUCTION 1. Draw labeled diagrams in order for each of the stages in mitosis. What kinds of

cells undergo mitosis? What would happen if cells didn’t undergo mitosis? 2. Draw labeled diagrams in order for each of the stages in meiosis. What is

meiosis? What kinds of cells undergo meiosis? Where in the body does meiosis happen?


3. How many chromosomes do most humans have in their body cells? In their gametes?

4. Name and explain four different types of asexual reproduction. Include

examples of organisms that reproduce this way. 5. What is the name for the area in the body where reproductive cells are

produced? What is the specific name for this part in a female? In a male? 6. What is the primary sex hormone for males and what does it do? What are the

primary sex hormones for females and what does each do?


7. Predict the week and trimester in which each of the following developments occur in a human fetus. Beside each week write 1 for first trimester, 2 for second and 3 for third trimester.

A. Teeth formed. __________ B. Sperm fertilizes an egg and a zygote is formed. __________

C. Nervous system formed. __________ D. The blastocyst is made up of between 100-‐200 cells. __________

E. Heart is beating. __________ F. Covered in fine hairs. __________

G. Genitals are formed. __________ H. Arms and legs begin to move. __________

I. Full term and the mother is in labour. __________

J. Baby’s movements may be felt by mother. __________

8. Answer the following questions about the human karyotype below.

9. How are the chromosomes ordered?

10. Is this a male or a female? Explain. 11. Is this a sex chromosome disorder? If so, name the disorder. 12. Based on the karyotype, what traits would you expect the person to have?


13. Complete the compare and contrast frame. Compare and Contrast Frame

Unit______REPRODUCTION__________Topic___CELL DIVISION___

COMPARE

CONTRAST

14. 14. Which parent is responsible for determining the sex of a baby? Explain.

How are ____MITOSIS_______________ and ______MEIOSIS___________ alike?

How are ____MITOSIS_________________ and ____MEIOSIS_____________ different?

Write a statement to compare and contrast the two terms, concepts or events.


15. If an egg is fertilized, where does this happen, and where will it be implanted

until birth? 16. Is it possible for two people with brown hair to have a blond baby? Explain. 17. In pea plants, yellow seeds (Y) are dominant over green seeds (y).

A. Use a Punnett square to predict the offspring of a plant with heterozygous yellow seeds bred with a plant with green seeds.

B. What are all possible genotypes of the offspring? Phenotypes?

C. What are the probabilities of having YY, Yy, and yy offspring? 18. What is genetic engineering? Give an example. What are the benefits?

Concerns?


19. List the advantages and disadvantages of sexual and asexual reproduction. Advantages Disadvantages

Ase

xual

Rep

rodu

ctio

n

Sexu

al R

epro

duct

ion


TOPIC 3: ATOMS & ELEMENTS 1. Match the following terms with the corresponding image.

A. __________ Oxidizing Material

1.

B. __________ Poisonous and Infectious Material

2.

C. __________ Compressed Gas

3.

D. __________ Flammable and Combustible Material

4.

E. __________ Dangerously Reactive Material

5.

F. __________ Biohazardous Infectious Material

6.


G. __________ Corrosive Material

7.

H. __________ Material Causing Other Toxic Efffects

8.

2. List 2 safety rules that should always be followed in the lab. 3. Calculate the density of a 553.6 gram piece of cadmium metal that measures 8

cm long by 8 cm wide and 1 cm high. (2 marks) 4. What is the density of a sticky viscous liquid with a mass of 400 g and a volume

of 294 mL? 5. How many millilitres does 1200 grams of ethanol occupy? The density of

ethanol is 0.789g/mL? 6. A chunk of aluminum metal is dropped in water and displaces 25 mL of liquid. If

the density of aluminum is 2.70 g/mL, what mass of metal was dropped into the water?


7. List 3 physical properties that may be used to identify the white powder in the picture.

8. Write the letter P for physical change or C for chemical change beside each

statement below.

__________ A. Toasting bread.

__________ B. Melting ice.

__________ C. A car rusting.

__________ D. Chopping down a tree.

__________ E. Sugar dissolving in water.

__________ F. Milk turning sour.

__________ G. Food is digested in the stomach.

__________ H. Hydrochloric acid reacting with zinc. 9. Use your periodic table to answer the following questions.

A. Write the element symbol for the alkaline earth metal in period 3. __________

B. Write the atomic mass for an atom of carbon. __________

C. Write the number of electrons in an atom of bromine. __________

D. Write the element name for Au. _________________________

E. Write the element symbol for the heaviest halogen. __________


10. Complete the table below. Element Name

Element Symbol Protons Neutrons Electrons Atomic

Mass Atomic Number

Boron

S

8

16

47

27

26

11. Sketch the Bohr models of silicon and potassium. Compounds 12. Complete the table.

Compound Number and kind of each atom Total number of atoms

C6H12O6

3 CuSO4

Al(NO3)3


TOPIC 4: ELECTRICITY 1. Draw and explain the process of charging by contact in three labelled diagrams. 2. Explain how the pictures below show charging by induction.


3. Make a list of the similarities and differences between charging by contact and charging by induction.

How are charging by contact and charging by induction similar?

Charging by contact Charging by induction

How are charging by contact and charging by induction different?

Charging by contact Charging by induction

4. Explain what it means to ground an object. 5. What combination of materials from the electrostatic series will give the largest

charge difference?


6. Use the electrostatic series to complete the table. Assume the material on the left is used to charge the material on the right.

Electrostatic Series Material 1 Charge Material 2 Charge

+ Acetate Glass Wool

Fur or Hair Silk

Aluminum Cotton

Paraffin Wax Plastic or PVC Rubber or Latex

Gold

–

Cat fur _______ Latex balloon _______

Wool _______ Aluminum can

_______

Acetate _______ Plastic rod _______

Silk _______ Glass _______

Wool _______ Rubber _______

7. Compare and contrast static electricity and electric current. 8. How do each of the following affect the resistance of a wire:

A. Cross-‐sectional area

B. Length of wire

C. What the wire is made


9. What is a coulomb (symbol C) and what does it measure? 10. What is an ampere (symbol A) and what does it measure? 11. Match the electrical symbols to the correct object.

Object Symbol

A. ______ Open switch 1.

B. ______ Battery 2.

C. ______ Closed switch

3.

D. ______ Wire

4.

E. ______ Light bulb 5.

F. ______ Light emitting diode (LED)

6.

G. ______ Resistor

7.


12. Label each part of the circuit below and explain how it operates. Include the

word parallel or series, + and – charges, and the direction of electron flow. 13. Use symbols and sketch an incomplete circuit containing an electrochemical cell

and three light bulbs in parallel. 14. Calculate how much charge is used in a battery that draws 0.50 A of current for

3 minutes. 15. How much time does it take to use a charge of 3600 C in an electric kettle that

draws 15 amps of current? 16. What is a short circuit and how is it dangerous?

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