science technology and the enviroment scientific attitudes 1
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Scientific Attitudes andBenildean Core Values
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John Dalton He is best known for his
pioneering work in thedevelopment of modernatomic theory
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dalton)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Daltonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Daltonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dalton_John_desk.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Daltonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Dalton -
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Aristotle
Father of Biology
Classified plants andanimals into twokingdom schemes.
Regarded life as a
hierarchy.
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Mark Zuckerberg an American
computerprogrammer and
Internetentrepreneur.
He is best known forcreating the social
networking siteFacebook, of whichhe is chief executiveand president
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Barry Commoner One of Commoner's lasting legacies is his
four laws of ecology, as written in TheClosing Circle in 1971. The four laws are:
1. Everything is Connected to EverythingElse. There is one ecosphere for all livingorganisms and what affects one, affects all.
2. Everything Must Go Somewhere. There is
no "waste" in nature and there is no awayto which things can be thrown.
3. Nature Knows Best. Humankind hasfashioned technology to improve uponnature, but such change in a natural systemis, says Commoner, likely to be detrimentalto that system.
4. There Is No Such Thing as a Free Lunch.Exploitation of nature will inevitably involvethe conversion of resources from useful touseless forms(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_Commoner)
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Scientific traits or attitudes Creativity
Curiosity
Critical outlook Open-mindedness
Thoroughness
Keen powers of observation
Patience
Perseverance
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Scientific methodThe way in which scientists solve a
scientific problem
refers to a body of techniques forinvestigating phenomena, acquiringnew knowledge, or correcting and
integrating previous knowledge(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_method)
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Steps in Solving a Problem
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Defining the Problem Make an observation
(using the senses) direct observation orindirectionobservation
Asking HOW andWHY questions
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Collecting background information Information from
books, periodicals andinternet
Interview scientists(expert in a particularfield)
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Formulating HypothesisA proposed answer to
the question
An intellectual guessor hutch
A statement that canbe tested
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Testing the Hypothesis Conducting an experiment Two variables
Independentvariable/condition that is
CHANGEDDependent variable/condition -that responds to theindependent variable
Two groupsExperimental group - exposed
to independent variableControl group - not exposed tochanges in the independent andused as a standard ofcomparison
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Drawing conclusions This is the answer to the
scientific question based onDATA
It also answers thehypothesis
When a hypothesis explainshow an event occurs, itbecomes a SCIENTIFIC
LAW OR PRINCIPLE. When it explains WHY
events occur it becomes aTHEORY.