Science Starter: Put the terms in the correct order from most simple to most complex:SKINOIL GLANDINTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM EPIDERMAL CELL

THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MeTaBniB0ok&feature=fvwrel Mr. Parr

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

What structures are associated with the integumentary system?

The structures include skin, hair, nails, glands, and nerves.

The skin is the largest organ of the body.

What are the functions of the integumentary system?

It protects the body from external factors such as bacteria, chemicals, and temperature. The skin contains secretions that can kill bacteria and the pigment melanin provides a chemical pigment defense against ultraviolet light that can damage skin cells.

Another important function of the skin is body temperature regulation. When the skin is exposed to a cold temperature, the blood vessels in the dermis constrict. This allows the blood which is warm, to bypass the skin. The skin then becomes the temperature of the cold it is exposed to. Body heat is conserved since the blood vessels are not diverting heat to the skin anymore.

other functions

Maintains homeostasis by:protecting the body from dehydration

helping to dispose of waste materials

protecting your organs, muscles, and bones

acting as a receptor for touch, pressure, pain, heat, and cold

storing water and fat

How important is your skin for the functioning of the nervous system?

Your skin plays a vital role in the sense of touch. In turn, the nervous system depends on neurons embedded in your skin to sense the outside world.

How?The sensory receptors in skin communicate temperature, pressure, or pain to the nervous system.

1. Epidermis - the outer, thinnest layer

a. Outermost cells are dead and rub off

b. New cells are constantly made at the base/bottom of the epidermis.

c. Cells produce melanin

Skin is made up of three layers of tissue:

What is melanin? In which layer of skin can it be found?

•Melanin is a pigment found in the epidermis which determines skin color and the amount a person will tan or burn when exposed to the sun.

Seen here in a scanning electron micrograph, the epidermis is a tough coating formed from overlapping layers of dead skin cells, which continually slough off and are replaced with cells from the living layers beneath. The epidermis is the outermost of three layers that make up the skin.

Australian lifeguard Brad Power bares his freckled back in Scarborough Beach, Australia. Freckles are deposits of melanin that develop on the skin, especially after sun exposure.

Each adhesive dot on former Banbury, Australia, lifeguard Don Bennewith represents a removed melanoma. Melanomas are malignant tumors that begin as pigmented moles and are caused by excessive sun exposure. Due to their generally fair skin and Australia's high levels of UV radiation, Aussies have some of the highest rates of skin cancer in the world.

2. Dermis - the middle layer

a. Contains blood vessels, nerve fibers, muscles, oil, sweat glands, and other structures.

3. Fatty layer - covers and insulates the body

Skin Cross-Section

1. epidermis2. dermis3. fat layer4. hair from

hair follicle

5. nerve6. oil gland7. sweat

gland8. blood

vessels

A researcher handles a skin tissue culture. Surgeons once grafted pigskin onto burn wounds as a temporary bandage. These days they use human skin tissue taken from another part of the body or skin substitutes engineered from synthetics or other materials such as cow collagen or shark cartilage.

• What are some ways to keep you skin healthy?

You can keep you skin healthy by eating right, keeping clean, drinking plenty of water, exercising regularly, getting plenty of sleep, and using sunscreen regularly.

Skin cells are lost and replaced every few weeks.

Eczema

Eczema is the term for several different skin conditions. However, eczema most often refers to a common skin disease which causes a dry, itchy, red rash. Scratching the rash can cause it to ooze and crust over.

About one in every 10 kids develops eczema. Most get eczema as infants, and 90% get it before age 5.

In most children, symptoms often improve by age 5 or 6. Once children hit their teenage years, more than half no longer have eczema flare-ups. However, many people continue to have eczema as adults, although symptoms tend to be milder. Less often, eczema first develops in adulthood.

Psoriasis

It is a common skin condition that causes skin redness and irritation. Most people with psoriasis have thick, red skin with flaky, silver-white patches called scales. Psoriasis is very common. Anyone can get it, but it most commonly begins between ages 15 and 35. It is not contagious.

Psoriasis seems to be passed down through families. Doctors think it probably occurs when the body's immune system mistakes healthy cells for dangerous substances.

Usually, skin cells grow deep in the skin and rise to the surface about once a month. In persons with psoriasis, this process is too fast. Dead skin cells build up on the skin's surface.

Rosacea

Rosacea is a condition where the area of the cheeks, nose, chin, forehead, or eyelids become inflamed. It is a chronic skin disorder that can cause redness, prominent blood vessels, swelling, or skin eruptions similar to acne. Rosacea occurs most often in fair skinned people, particularly those who blush easily. It is also more common in women.

Acne Mechanica

Acne mechanica is a form of acne common in young athletes, students, soldiers, and others. It is triggered by excess heat, pressure, friction or rubbing of the skin.

Usually occurs on shoulders, back, head

Common result when using tight, synthetic clothing, helmets, & shoulder pads

Plantar Warts Small, hard growths

on the bottom of the foot

Caused by a virus; contagious

Treatment: cutting, burning, freezing off

Blisters

Caused by friction, along with heat & moisture

Tear occurs, forming space between layers of skin

Fluid seeps into space-skin bubbles

Treatment: Relieve pain Keep blister from

enlarging Avoid infection

Prevention: Keep skin lubricated Properly fitting shoes

& socks