science form 4 chapter 2 :effect drugs

8/7/2019 science form 4 chapter 2 :effect drugs

1/27

The effects of hormonal

imbalance on health


2/27

` type of endocrine

glands

Can u state type

endocrine glandand their functions

Thyroid glands

Pancreas

Adrenal glands

Testis Ovary

Pituitary glands


3/27

` Type of hormone and their function

Endocrine glands Hormone

secreted

Funtions

Pituitary glands Growth

hormone (GH)

Stimulate growth

ADH Controls water balance

LH Stimulate the ovary to release the

ovum

Stimulates the testes to producetestosterone

Oxytocin Causes contraction of the uterine

muscles at birth


4/27

Prolactin Stimulate milk production

FSH Stimulate the development of

ovarian follicles and

spermatogenesis

TSH Stimulates growth of thyroid gland


5/27


secreted

Funtions

Thyroid glands Thyroxine Controls the bodys metabolic rate

Pancreas Insulin Lower bloods glucose level

Stimulate the conversion ofglucose

into glycogen in the liver

Glucagon increase blood glucose

concentration

Stimulates he conversion of

glycogen to glucose on the liver


6/27


secreted

Funtions

Adrenal glands Adrenaline Increase the heartbeat, breathing

rate and metabolic rate.

Testis Testosterone Production of sperms

Stimulates development of male

secondary sexual characteristics

Ovary Oestrogen Promotes the development of

female secondary sexual

characteristics

Prepares the uterus lining for

pregnancy

Progesteron Promotes growth of endometrium.


7/27


8/27


9/27


10/27

` Both the nervous system and the endocrine

system coordinate the appropriate body responsetowards a stimulus.

` For example :


11/27

Coordination between the Nervous System

and the Endocrine System

The two types of coordination work together at

certain times. The human digestive system is a

good example. When food is served, the mouthwill start to salivate and this response is

coordinated by the nervous system. Gastrin a type

of hormone is secreted when the half digested

food goes into the stomach. Gastrin causes thestomach wall to produce hydrochloric acid and

other enzymes to carry out further digestion.


12/27


13/27

` Study the question in your textbook page 40 and

explain to the class.

` Time : 15 minutes


14/27

Fear

Autonomanic nervous

system

Muscles react quickly

Motor

neuroneAdrenal

glands

Stimulates

Nerve

impulseNerve

impulse

Causing Hormoneincrease

The metabolic

rate


15/27

` Drugs are chemical or biological substances which

affect the function of the nerveous

system,especially the brain, causing changes in

behaviour and personality. They change the waythe body works.


16/27

` Increase the body metabolic rate

` Make a person more active


17/27

` Cocaine` Crack` Ecstasy

` Alkyl Nitrites e.g. poppers` Amphetamines` Nicotine


18/27

` Relieve tension

` Calm a persons mind

` Slow down the response to a stimulus


19/27

` Volatile substances or sniffable substances(eg glues, gases, aerosols)

` Alcohol

` Tranquillisers

` GHB (Gamma hydroxy-butyrate)


20/27

` Drugs that act to change the way usersexperience the world through the five senses.

` Sometimes this involves seeing, and hearingthings which aren't there.


21/27

` Cannabis

` LSD

` Magic mushrooms

` Ketamine


22/27

` Drugs that have a painkilling effect.

e.g . -heroin

-opium-morphine


23/27

` Example :

` Petroluem

` Chloroform` Organic solvents

` Ether

` Glue


24/27


25/27


26/27

` Ethanol commonly known as alcohol is found in

most alcoholic drinks. It is a strong

psychoactive substance with a depressing effect.

` Ethanol is produced in a process callfermentation.Fermantation is a process that uses

yeast or bacteria to change the glucose in the food

into ethanol.

` Yeast + glucose > ethanol + carbon dioxide +energy


27/27

` Alcohol slows down the rate of nerve impulse

transmission and effects the central nervous

system

` Alcohol can damage liver cells, reduce the

production of bile, cause cirrhosis of the liver and

hipetatis.

science form 4 chapter 2 :effect drugs

Documents