science 8 unit 2: fluids

Science 8 Unit 2: Fluids


Particle Theory of Matter

• All matter is made up of tiny particles

• All particles of one substance are the same, different substances are made up of different particles

• There are attractive forces between the particles

• There are spaces between the particles

• The particles are always moving


Phases of matter:

- definite shape -no definite shape -no definite shape

-definite volume -definite volume -no definite volume- particles packed - particles further - particles very spread

close apart out-particles vibrate -particles move around - particles move very quickly


Phase changes

• As particles gain energy the substance can change from one

state or phase to another

• Ex. Water (Ice liquid waterwater vapour)


What are fluids?

• Fluids are substances that can flow

• Gases and liquids can flow because they do not have a definite shape

• Solids can not be fluids


Viscosity

Viscosity is a measure of the “thickness” of a fluid

• Fluid with a high viscosity is described as thick

• A fluid with a low viscosity is described as thin or runny

• The viscosity will influence a fluids ability to flow


Viscosity

Create a foldable of the factors that influence viscosity P. 286

Factors affecting viscosity

Temperature

Concentration

Forces

Particle size


Temperature • Temperature influences the viscosity of liquids and gases

differently

Liquid Gas- Increasing temperature -Increasing temperature

decreases viscosity increases viscosity


Temperature • Temperature influences

the viscosity of liquids and gases differently


• Increasing concentration increases viscosity

Concentration: The amount of a substance dissolved in a specific volume


Attractive Forces• Increasing attractive

forces between particles increasesviscosity


Particle Size• Increasing particle size increases viscosity

More Viscous Less Viscous


Flow rate:The speed at which a fluid flows or moves from one place to another

Ex. Slow- MolassesFast – Water


Fluids with lower viscosity have fasterflow rates


Complete Questions in your text.

p. 297# 1, 2, 7,9

p. 298#3, 15

science 8 unit 2: fluids

Documents