science 5th grade sc.5.l.14.1 identify the organs in the human body...

Science 5th Grade

SC.5.L.14.1 Identify the organs in the human body and describe their functions,

including the skin, brain, heart, lungs, stomach, liver, intestines, pancreas,

muscles and skeleton, reproductive organs, kidneys, bladder and sensory

organs.

Have students use the Organ Cards to see if they can match the organ with function.

Linking Literacy Pre-Reading Handout “Human Organs Matching Game”

STEMscopedia o Students read text completing Bodies and Systems Chart graphic

organizer. o Students complete What Do You Think? Activity on Pg. 4. o Students complete the 3-2-1 Notes graphic organizer based on what

they learned through reading the text.

Writing Science

SC.5.L.14.2 Compare and contrast the function of organs and other physical

structures of plants and animals, including humans, for example: some animals

have skeletons for support – some with internal skeletons, others with

exoskeletons – while some plants have stems for support.

Parent Tip: For this lesson, the two columns of Teacher Printout would need

to be cut apart and put in an envelope or baggie prior to starting.

Students complete Part 1: What’s My Function? From the Explore Student

Guide matching the structures with the functions using the Teacher Printout

cards.

Students can glue them on Pg. 1 of the Explore Student Journal.

For Part 2: Do I Have this Structure?, students may draw one card at a time

from the pictures file 5.L.14.2 Functional Structures of Organisms and

complete Pg. 2 in the Explore Student Journal.

Students may then complete Pg. 3 of the Explore Student Journal answering

the questions related to the activity.

STEMscopedia

o Students complete What Do You Think? Activity on Pg. 4.

o After reading the text, students complete the Design an Ecosystem

worksheet.

Writing Science

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Organ Cards

5.L 14.1 Human Organs

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Coordinates and controls all parts

of the body

Helps you breathe by

passing oxygen into the blood

Pumps blood through the body

Digests and breaks down

food

Supports the body and helps

it move

Outer covering protecting the

body

Organ Cards

Human Organs Matching Game

Before reading: See what you know! In your groups, cut out the cards, turn them face down, mix them up, and match the terms with the correct definitions.

organ structure inside of an organism’s

body that performs a specific job for that living thing

sensory what we use in order to sense the world around us

lungs major organs in the respiratory system that help us breathe

heart a muscle that pumps blood throughout our body


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stomach where food is broken down so that

energy can be sent to the rest of the body

kidneys where the body filters out waste in the form of liquid urine

excretory system where the body processes and purges waste

digestive system breaks down the food we eat


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Human Organs

Have you ever been to the doctor and had your heart rate measured? What about your temperature? These measurements of our bodily conditions are important to our health and development as people.

Doctors monitor these statistics because they give us valuable information about our organs. Living organisms are made up of tiny parts, called cells. Cells are the building blocks of the living matter that makes up plants and animals. All living organisms have structures with specific jobs that are necessary for survival. Some examples of these structures include the heart, lungs, pancreas, and reproductive organs.

The heart pumps blood to all parts of

the body.

Each of these organs is a part of a larger system that works together to get jobs done within the human body. The organs that plants have are different from those in animals. Humans have some of the most complex organ systems among the animal kingdom.

What are organs? An organ is a structure inside of an organism’s body that performs a specific job for that living thing. Most organs have a job that is vital for survival and that no other body part can make up for. If you look closely at the word organism, you will notice that the root word is organ. This is because most living things need organs to continue living.

Take, for example, the lungs. Without lungs, animals could not breathe in the air they require for survival.

How do organs help us survive? All organisms have basic needs. These needs must be met in order for the organism to endure. Things such as food, air, water, and shelter are necessary to almost all living things—even plants!

Let’s consider this deer. In order to process the food it eats, the deer needs a stomach to break things down so the body can use those materials and the energy they provide.

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Human Organs

The deer also needs air, and it gets that air through its nose. Humans have the same basic needs as this deer, and therefore, they also have a stomach and a nose.

Organs and Systems As humans, we use our organs every moment of every day. There is nothing we do without using our organs. This is because the body is made up of organ systems. These systems work together in order to make our bodies function normally. When we get sick, it is usually because there is something wrong within one of our bodily systems.

As mentioned before, every action that happens in our daily lives is because of our organs and organ systems. Let’s consider something we do almost every day: eat. We begin by using our hands to pick up a utensil, such as a spoon, which is typically made of metal. Since metal is a good thermal conductor, sometimes the metal utensil

is warm if it has been sitting in hot food. We use the skin on our hands to sense the warmth of the spoon when we touch it. We are able to do this because the skin is one of several structures we call sensory organs. As the name suggests, sensory organs are what we use to sense the world around us.

When the skin touches the spoon, a signal gets sent to the brain, telling it how the spoon feels. We then use the spoon to transport food to the mouth. As the spoon of food approaches the mouth, the nose lets us smell the food, just before we taste the food. Just as with the skin, the nose and the tongue also send signals to the brain to tell it how the food smells and tastes. And then, after all this, we enjoy the good food as it is swallowed into our bodies.

The ear and skin are sensory organs.

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Human Organs

It is all connected! That food’s journey through the organs of our body has only just begun! Once the food is swallowed, it goes down the path to the stomach. The stomach is where food is broken down so that energy can be sent to the rest of the body. From there the food goes into the rest of the digestive system, where it will eventually go through the liver, intestines, and pancreas. The organs carry energy and nutrients along this path and use them to meet the needs of the body.

But what happens to the food after that? Where does it go?

The pancreas is part of the

digestive system.

From there the food embarks on the final leg of its journey through the body. It goes to the excretory system, where the body processes and purges waste.

The kidneys are where the body filters out waste in the form of liquid urine. The bladder holds the urine until it exits the body.

While eating food is a great way to think about our body’s systems, it is not the only way. For instance, there are many other kinds of waste that our digestive and excretory systems filter out of our bodies. Also, eating food does not teach us much about the respiratory or circulatory system, in which the lungs (respiratory) and heart (circulatory) work together to pump blood and oxygen into our bodies. And, while the skeleton and muscles are not necessarily organs, they do make up a system that is vital to our survival. Understanding these systems, as well as how they all work together, is an important part of staying healthy and living a long life.

The lungs are a major organ in the respiratory

system.

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Human Organs

Some of the everyday actions we take part in use certain organs. Look at the list of actions below and place them in the table with the corresponding organ system.

Bodily Systems

Daily Action Organ System Used

Respiratory system (lungs)

Digestive system(stomach, liver, intestines, pancreas)

Excretory system (kidney, bladder)

Muscular and skeletal systems (muscles and bones)

Daily Action● Walking to the kitchen● Drinking a glass of water● Breathing● Sweating after a game of basketball

Take some time to explore how some of these bodily systems work together.1. Use a device to record passing time (stopwatch, smartphone, etc.).2. Start by measuring your heart rate while sitting down. (Find your pulse on the

side of your neck or on the bottom side of your wrist, and count how many times you feel a heartbeat in one minute).

3. Now, stand up and run in place for 30 to 45 seconds.4. Measure your new heart rate after running in place.5. Feel your forehead and neck for sweat.6. Listen to your breathing.

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Human Organs

Did you notice a difference in your heart rate? Did you find sweat when you checked your neck and forehead? What about your breathing? If you noticed differences before and after your run, you have discovered the effects of many systems working together.

First, your muscular and skeletal system worked together to allow your body to move. Because of how much faster than normal your body was moving, your heart had to beat faster in order to pump blood to the parts of your body that were moving faster.

As for your breathing and sweat, your body was accumulating high amounts of waste as it burned fuel to move faster. Thanks to the excretory system, that waste was released through your breath and sweat.

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Human Organs

An apple a day . . . One of the most important factors in the growth of young children is their nutrition and diet. In fact, many children are likely not getting the nutrients they need on a regular basis.

Another important factor in development is exercise. Exercise ensures that bodily systems go through regular cycles and that waste and toxins in the body are purged.

With your child, develop a family plan to make improvements to eating and exercise practices in your daily lives. Perhaps you can create a family exercise schedule that includes time outside, running and walking on a set course. You could also create a food menu early in the week, and decide what meals you will eat as a family.

Here are some questions to discuss with your child:1. Why is exercise important to the body and its organs? 2. How can we take better care of our organs?3. What effect do you think food has on the body and stomach?4. What steps can we take to monitor the health of our bodily systems (e.g., going

to the doctor, checking our pulse, etc.)?

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Bodies and Systems Chart

While reading: Complete the chart below. Look at the term and write the correct definition, then draw a picture or example of that organ or system.

Term Definition Picture/Example

organ

structure inside of an organism’s body that

performs a specific job for that living thing

sensorywhat we use in order to sense the world around

us

lungsmajor organs in the

respiratory system that help us breathe

hearta muscle that pumps blood throughout our

body

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Term Definition Picture/Example

stomach

where food is broken down so that energy can be sent to the rest of the

body

kidneyswhere the body filters out waste in the form of liquid

urine

excretory system where the body

processes and purges waste

digestive system breaks down the food we eat

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3-2-1 Notes

After you read: Complete the 3-2-1 page below

3Write 3 facts you learned about human

organs

● __________________________

● __________________________

● __________________________

2Give 2 examples of how organs help us

survive

● __________________________

● __________________________

1Share 1 question you still have about

human organs

● __________________________


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LOOK at the picture.

THINK about the organs in the human body. What are their functions? How do they work together?

WRITE about the interconnectedness of the organs in the human body. If an organ cannot perform its function, how does it affect the body?

Notes:

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Topic:

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5.L 14.2 Functional Structures of Organisms

Skeleton I am used for making offspring in plants and animals.

Eye I am used for protection in animals.

Skin I am used for protection in some plants.

Reproductive Organs I am used for support in some animals.

Hair I am used to absorb water in plants.

Exoskeleton I am used to provide warmth for some animals.

Stem I am used for seeing in animals.

Thorns I am used for support in plants.

Roots I am used for the protection and support in some animals.

Teacher Printout

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Comparing Structures and Functions of Organisms

Part I: What’s My Function?1. Cut out the structures and functions from the Teacher Printout. 2. Match the structures with their functions.3. Glue them in your Student Journal.

Part II: Do I Have This Structure?1. Look at the pictures your teacher shows you.2. Write the name of the structure on the chart.3. Determine if each organism listed on the chart has this structure.4. Place a yes or a no in the chart.5. Write the function of the structure in the next column on the chart.6. Answer the questions in your Student Journal.

Comparing Structures and Functions of Organisms

Part I: What is My Function?

Structure Function


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Part II: Do I Have this Structure?

Plant Butterfly Human

Structure Do I have it?

Do I have it?

Do I have it? Function


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Part II: Do I Have this Structure?, continued

1. What is the function of the skeleton and exoskeleton in animals?

2. What is the function of the stem in plants?

3. Name the structures that provide protection for animals.

4. Name the structure that provides protection for plants.

5. What structures that are important to humans are missing in plants?

6. What structures on this list do all of the organisms have?

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Skeleton

Thorns

1

Reproductive Organs

Hair

2


Eye

Skin

3


Exoskeleton

Stem

4


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Roots


Functional Structures of Organisms

Palm trees are alive and require certain things in

order to survive.

Palm trees are a type of plant that grows near oceans, usually in coastal states, cities, and towns. These trees are living organisms that have basic needs for survival, much like animals and even humans.

In order for living organisms to meet their needs, they have body parts called structures. Structures are parts of the body that do specific jobs for the organism. These jobs have a name as well. Functions are the specific tasks that the living thing needs to do in order to keep living. Plants, animals, and humans all have needs that are similar, as well as a few that are different. Along with these, there is an even wider variety of solutions these organisms have for meeting those demands. For instance, each of these types of living organisms has a need for air. Plants use their leaves to absorb air, while animals and humans use structures such as noses to breathe in the oxygen needed for survival.

What do plants need? There are some needs that almost all organisms have. Plants, much like animals, have a need for air, water, and food. But plants needs other things that animals do not, such as sunlight, space to grow in, and a way to spread their seeds for reproduction. Plants are producers, meaning they get their energy by making their own food from a process called photosynthesis. Photosynthesis happens when plants take in air, water, and sunlight and transform those things into food.

What do animals need? Unlike the needs of plants, which are generally the same from one plant to another, the needs of animals are a much broader topic. This is largely because animals are consumers, meaning they get their energy by eating other living organisms. Animals that only eat plants are called herbivores, while animals that eat only meat are called carnivores. Some animals eat both plants and meat, and are called omnivores. Why is this important? This matters because an animal’s needs depend on what the animal consumes. An herbivore needs plants to survive and, as such, probably would not survive in a desert where there are few plants.

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Leaves gather in sunlight and absorb

carbon dioxide.

Plant Structures As you read before, all organisms have structures that carry out important functions in the body. For plants, many of these structures are similar across different species and types. Even though most plant species have a unique appearance, they all require the same basic elements in order to make their food and survive.

Leaves on a plant are vital to the survival of the plant. Leaves are a structure on a plant that allows it to collect sunlight and absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

The plant then uses these elements, along with water, to produce the food it requires for energy. The plant gets its water through another structure called the roots. Once the water enters the plant through the roots, it immediately travels to the stem of the plant, which is where the water is either stored or transported to other parts of the plant.

As important as making food is for the plant, there are other things plants must do during their life cycles. Plants must reproduce in order for their species to continue to thrive. Fruit, flowers, and cones are three things plants can use to spread their seeds and make new plants. Fruit is sweet and tasty, and attracts animals. Animals eat the fruit, and eventually the seeds make it back to the soil through animal waste. Flowers have stamens and pistils that are pollinated by insects and birds in order for a seed to be produced by the flower. Cones are produced by trees in cold climates. The cones have seeds inside, and when the cone falls and rolls away from the tree, the seeds go with it to a new location.

Animal Structures Animals have similar needs but different structures than plants. For an animal to get food, it must find, smell, see, and chew the food. In order to do any of these things, the animal has to be able to move. An animal’s skeleton and muscle systems help support it as it moves from place to place. Noses help animals smell their food as they search for it.

Mouths and teeth help animals chew their food and swallow it into their bodies. Digestive organs turn that food into energy that provides fuel.

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Animals also have other structures that help them survive. Many predators have sharp claws and talons in order to catch and eat their prey. Herbivores have special teeth that allow them to chew large amounts of plants as they eat.

An eagle has a sharp beak and talons for catching prey.

Plants and animals have structures that help the organisms move and stand upright. For plants, stems and trunks help them stand up and get sunlight. But what about plants such as the cactus? Many people believe the cactus does not have a stem or trunk. In reality, the body of the cactus acts as both the stem and leaves for the plant.

As for animals, the skeletal system helps them stand upright and move. However, not all animals have a skeleton on the inside of their bodies. Some organisms, such as insects, crabs, and spiders, have an exoskeleton: a hard, supporting structure on the outside of the body.

Crabs have hard exoskeletons in the form of an outer shell.

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Structures are body parts that carry out specific functions. Match each function below with the corresponding animal or plant structure in the table.

Structures and Functions

Plant Structure Animal Structure

Stem Legs

Roots Nose

Functions● Running from a predator● Soaking up water from the ground● Transporting water● Searching for prey

Animals use arms and legs to move, grab things, and attack prey. Take some time to explore the things humans use their arms and legs for.

● Start out by taking a walk around the inside of your house.● Now, with the help and supervision of an adult, loosely tie your feet together.

Do not tie too tightly. The binding should be tight enough to restrict the movement of your legs, but not tight enough to hurt or cause bruising.

● With your legs bound, try to walk around your house again. You may have to hop.

● What did you notice? Was it easier or harder to move with your legs bound?

This activity should have shown you how important every body part is to our daily lives. Take a moment to write about what you experienced with this activity. Also, take some time to brainstorm what other structures you know of that impact your daily activities.

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A Day in the ParkIt is important for a child to understand the balance of life in the world. By this age, children are starting to learn there are other living organisms in the world, and that those organisms have important needs for survival.

Take a trip to a local park or zoo. Talk with your child about the things that are living and those that are nonliving. When talking about the living things, discuss what structures, or body parts, those living things have in order to survive in their environment. Talk also about what would happen to those living things if some structures were damaged or taken away. Ask questions, and allow your child some time to think before he or she responds. These can often be difficult ideas to visualize for children, and they need to be given time to think about how they would respond.

Here are some questions to discuss with your child:1. What structures are important for the survival of living things in this particular

habitat?2. What would happen if these organisms suddenly had to move to another

environment?3. What can we do to make sure these organisms’ needs continue to be met?4. How do our actions affect these organisms’ ability to function in their habitats?

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Design an EcosystemDesign an ecosystem of your choice. There must be plants and animals in the picture and the structures and functions of both plants and animals should be labeled. On the back, explain what structures and functions are important for the survival of living things in this particular ecosystem.


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LOOK at the picture.

THINK about the commonality between plants and animals. What organs and physical structures in plants and animals serve similar purposes?

WRITE a comparison about the structures in different organisms that have the same function.

Notes:

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Topic:

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science 5th grade sc.5.l.14.1 identify the organs in the human body...

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