school age g&d

8/6/2019 SCHOOL AGE G&D

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the school age child the school age child

By

DR Howaida AminAssist ProfFaculty of health sciences

Taibah university



GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS



� Children in school learn that they must

cooperate with others.

� Participation in group activities increases.

� The child of this age is aware that parents are

human and make mistakes.



Conflicts may appear,

particularly if what

the child learns inschool is different

from what is

practiced at home



Between the ages of 6 and 12 years,

children prefer friends of their ownsex and usually would rather be in

the company of their friends than of

their brothers and sisters.



PHYSICAL GROWTH



� Growth is slow until the spurt

directly before puberty.� Weight gains are more rapid than

increases in height.

� The average gain in weight peryear is about 2.5 to 3.2kg.



� The average yearly increase

in height is approximately5.5cm.

� Head circumference increase

only 2 to 3cm throughoutthis entire period, which

reflects slowed brain growth.



Muscular coordination is improved,

and the lymphatic tissues becomehighly developed.

The skeletal bones continue toossify.



There is a noticeable change in

facial structures as the jawlengthens.

The sinuses are frequently sites of

infection. Sinus headaches may

occur.



The 6-year molars (the first

permanent teeth) erupt.

The heart grows slowly and is

now smaller in proportion tobody size than at any other

time of life.



The vital signs of the school-age

child are near those

temperature is 37c, pulse 100

per minute. The systolic blood

pressure ranges from 96 to

107mm Hg and the diastolic

from 57 to 66 mm Hg.



Boys are slightly taller and

somewhat heavier than

girls until changes

indicating puberty

appear.



Language skills continue to

develop. School-age

children talk in full

sentences. They

continually add new

words to theirvocabulary.



Freud Freud believed that romantic love forbelieved that romantic love for

the parent of the opposite sexthe parent of the opposite sex

diminishes and that children identifydiminishes and that children identify

with the parent of the same sexwith the parent of the same sex..



The 10-years-old wants to be

independent and resents being

told what to do but is

receptive to suggestion

The idea of the group

are important than

individual idea



Interest in sexInterest in sex

and sexand sexinvestigationsinvestigations

continuescontinues..



� Boys and girls begin to

identify themselves withskills that pertain to their

sex role.

� There is intolerance of theopposite sex.

� Children in this age are less

concerned with theirappearance.



� Ability to concentrate

decreases.� Girls look forward to

menstruation and wearing

first bra.� Both sexes enjoy earning

money by doing add jobs.

� Preadolescents always seek

adults friend of the same sex

to idolize.

..



Guiding the preadolescent is

not easy. They need to setlimits and establish

consequences of unaccepted

behavior

They need to monitor TV show,

programs, video games, andmusic lyrics



Television has a

powerful influence on

children.Television has been

called the "great

babysitter" of our

time.



1. Displacing active types of

recreation

2. Interfering withconversation and

discussion time.

3. Discouraging reading.



4. Reducing school performance.

(If more than 4 hours/day).

4. Affecting how a child feels

toward life and other people if

television shows are violent.

5. Discouraging exercise



1. Encouraging active recreation.

2. Limiting television to 2 hours per

day or less (half hour if doingpoorly in school).

3. Not allowing television to be used

as a distraction or babysitter for

preschool children



4. Turning off television

during meals5. Teaching children to turn

off the television at the

end of a shows

6. Forbidding violent

television shows.

7. Setting a good example.



Video games have become a favorite pastime

of children.

Advantages of video games include:-

± The development of eye-hand coordination.

± Interactive competent.



±Video games can dominate leisureand study time.

± It is solitary activity, reducing

social interaction with family and

friends. ± It can teach an acceptance of

violent behavior in real life.



± Their grades are fallen.

± They don¶t finish homework.

± Get inadequate sleep.

± Don¶t play outdoors.

± Preoccupied with karate chops

or aggressive behavior that are

part of video games.



� One problem that may arise at 7 years

of age is stealing.

� T

his generally a signal that some need of the child is not being met.

� In many cases the child steals only to

distribute the loot to neighborhood

friends. This may in actuality be an

attempt to buy friendship.



� When children steal something,parents should tell them thatthey are aware of the fact andshould insist on some form of

restitution.� They should not humiliate the

child, but they must make it clearthat such actions cannot bepermitted.



As always, accept the child but not the deedand then try to understand the circumstances

that are causing such behavior.



http://www.who.int/violence_injury_

prevention/child/injury/world_report

/Child_friendly_English.pdf



1.Road safety

2.Walking

3.Bicycle safety

4.Passenger safety

5.Preventing drowning

6.Preventing falls

7.Preventing poisoning

school age g&d

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