saving lives: the red flags that tell us …dnn.mbcc.mt.gov/portals/130/working together/crime...
TRANSCRIPT
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SAVINGLIVES:THEREDFLAGSTHATTELLUSWHENADOMESTICVIOLENCEVICTIMISLIKELYTOBEKILLEDPRESENTERS:BRANDIRIES,RIES LAWGROUP,P.C.,ANDHILLYMCGAHAN,SAFEHARBOR
OBJECTIVES:
•Understandingandidentifyingriskfactorsforvictimsofdomesticviolence
•Assessingavictim’srisk
•Afterassessment,managementofrisktomaximizesafetyforvictim
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WHYUSERISKASSESSMENTS?
• Infatalityreviewsofdomesticviolencehomicides,criminaljusticeandsocialservicepersonnelaskthemselves,“Couldwehaveknown?Whatwerethesigns?”• Inhindsight,thereusuallyweresigns.Often,therewasafailuretoreadthesignsortoactonthem.
RISKASSESSMENTS• TODAYWEWILLDISCUSS:
• (1)THEDANGERASSESSMENT—TOOLFORATTORNEYS,ADVOCATES,SOCIALSERVICESPROVIDERS
• DevelopedbyJacquelynCampbell,PhD,RN,FAANatJohnsHopkinsSchoolofNursing—ThistrainingisbasedonthetrainingandinformationprovidedbyJacquelynCampbellonthedangerassessment.
• PURPOSEOFASSESSMENT:DETERMINELIKELIHOODOFANABUSEDWOMAN BEINGKILLEDBYHERPARTNER
• (2)THELETHALITYSCREEN—TOOLFORLAWENFORCEMENT
• DevelopedbytheMarylandNetworkAgainstDomesticViolence,usingthefindingsfromDr.JacquelynCampbell’sstudiesandherDangerAssessment.
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• CALENDAR:• Measuresseverityandfrequencyofbattering
overpastyear
• Victimmarksthecalendarontheapproximatedayswhenphysicallyabusiveincidentsoccurred
• Victimranksseverityofphysicallyabusiveincidentsonscaleof1to5:• 1=pushing,slapping,noinjuryorlastingpain• 5=useofweapon,woundsfromweapon
• 20‐ITEMINSTRUMENT:• Victimprovidesyesornoresponsetotherisk
factorsfoundtobeconnectedtointimatepartnerhomicide
DANGERASSESSMENT
RISKASSESSMENTS• GOAL:HOMICIDEPREVENTION
• WHOCANUSEASSESSMENTS:• Crimevictimadvocatesforsafetyplanningandto
determineeligibilityforservices
• Criminaljusticesystemforpresentencingphaseandcanbeusedtodrawtheprosecutor’sattentiontorisksforvictim(usefulforreleaseconditions,bond,etc.)
• Lawenforcementforreferraltoservicesforvictim,enforcementoforderofprotection,nocontactorders,andremovalofweapons(LAP)
• Civilattorneysforidentificationofrisksandremediesneededforclient/childrentostaysafe
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STATISTICSWOMENMURDEREDBYINTIMATEPARTNER• OfallwomenkilledintheUnitedStateseachyear,40‐54%ofwomenwerekilledbyanintimatepartner
• Womenarekilledbyanintimatepartner9xmoreoftenthanbyastranger
• 2/3ofwomenkilledbyanintimatepartnerhavebeenphysicallyabusedbythatpartnerpriortothemurder.
• 40‐47%ofwomenmurderedbyintimatepartnerwereseenbyahealthcareproviderpriortothemurderoccurring
• Forevery1womankilledbyanintimatepartner,thereare8‐9attemptedmurders
MENMURDEREDBYINTIMATEPARTNER• OfallmenkilledintheUnitedStateseachyear,5‐8%ofmenarekilledbyanintimatepartner
• Incaseswherethefemalepartnerkillsthemalepartner,75%ofcasesincludedpriordomesticviolenceperpetratedbymalepartneragainstfemalepartnerpriortothedeath
STATISTICSMURDER‐SUICIDE(FAMILICIDE)
• Womenaremorelikelythanmentobekilledbyintimatepartnerwhocommitsmurderthencommitssuicide
• 1/3ofmaleperpetratorswhokilltheirintimatepartnerthencommitsuicide
• Womenveryrarelykillthemselvesafterkillingtheirintimatepartner
CHILDREN
• Achildiskilledin19%ofintimatepartnerhomicides
• In70%ofintimatepartnerhomicidesoccurringwhereachildlived,thechildwitnessedthemurderorwasthefirsttofindthevictim’sbody
• 3%ofhomicidesoccurredwhilethewomanwaspregnant
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CAUSEOFDEATH
Method
Guns Strangulation Other
*NationalDeathReportingSystem
54%
10.9%
VICTIM’SGENDERFAMILICIDEV.HOMICIDE
Gender
Female Male
54%10.9%
77%33%
Murder Murder‐Suicide
68%32%
FINDINGSFROMDR.CAMPBELL’S FEMINICIDERISKSTUDY:• 50%offemalemurdervictimsdidnotbelievetheirintimatepartnerwouldkillthem.
• SeparationRisk:Victimsaremostatriskofhomicideduringfirstthreemonthsafterseparationfromabuseand entirefirstyearafterseparation
• Incasesoffeminicide:• 70%involvedpriorphysicalabuse• 66%involvedincreaseinfrequencyofabuse
• 62%involvedincreaseinseverityofabuse• 87%involvedstalking• 58%involvednopriorphysicalabusebutstalking
DEMOGRAPHICSOFMURDERER:
• Inmanycases,themurdererwasunemployedatthetimeofthemurder.
• Unemploymentoftheperpetratorisariskfactor
• Raceisnotariskfactor
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RISKFACTORSFORFEMINICIDE• Forcedsex
• Stalking
• Perpetratorcontrollingallofthevictim’sbehavior
• Abuseduringpregnancy
• Jealousy(“ifIcan’thaveyou,noonecan…”)
• Perpetratorthreatensorhasattemptedsuicide
• Violencetowardsvictim’schildren
• Perpetratorownsagun:• 74%ofmenwhokilledtheirpartnerownedagun
• 53%ofmenwhoattemptedtokilltheirpartnerownedagun
• 1/3ofmenwhokilledpartnerwithagunwereprohibitedfromowningagun
• Increaseinfrequencyand/orseverityofphysicalviolence
• Strangulation
• Threatstokill(verbal,text,email,etc.)
• Victimbelievesperpetratoriscapableofkillingher
RISKFACTORSFORFAMILICIDE
• Sameriskfactorsasforfeminicide
• PLUS:
• Increasedthreatstokill
• Perpetratormorelikelytobewhite
• Perpetratormorelikelytobeunemployed:• Maynotbechronicunemployment
• Unemploymentattimeofseparationfromthevictim
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PROTECTIVEFACTORS
•Coupleneverlivedtogether
•Priorarrestfordomesticviolencewithconsequencesfortheperpetrator
DANGERASSESSMENT
https://www.dangerassessment.org/uploads/pdf/DAEnglish2010.pdf
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YOUHAVEDONETHEASSESSMENT,NOWWHAT?
• Alwaystellthevictimoftheassessmentresults/dangerlevel• Alwaysgivethevictimchoices—callforhelpfromothersifvictimconsentsandprovidesrelease
• Ifnon‐weightedscore,10+yesresponses=highrisk• Ifweightedscore,theonlinecalculatorwilltellyouthescore:
• Ifvariabledangerlevelisindicated=safetyplan• Ifincreased/severedangerlevelisindicated=safetyplan;consultwithotherprofessionals.• Ifcriminalcaseispending:informprosecutorand/orjudgeofdangerlevel
• Ifhighestdangerlevelisindicated=safetyplan;consultwithotherprofessionals.Notifyprosecutorand/orjudge—highestbailonlyandhighestlevelofsupervision.
LETHALITYASSESSMENTPROGRAM• Collaborationbetweenpoliceandsocialserviceprovidersconsistingoftwosteps:
• (1)Apoliceofficerrespondingtothesceneofadomesticviolenceincidentusesabrief11‐itemriskassessment(theLethalityScreen)toidentifyvictimsathighriskofhomicide.
• (2)WomenthatscreeninashighriskbasedontheLethalityScreenareputinimmediatetelephonecontactwithacollaboratingsocialserviceproviderwhoprovidesthemwithadvocacy,safetyplanningandreferralforservices.
• Specifically,itwashypothesizedthattheLAPwould:
• (1)decreaseratesofrepeat,severe,lethalandnearlethalviolenceand
• (2)increaseratesofemergencysafetyplanningandhelpseeking.
• TheLAPwasdevelopedbytheMarylandNetworkAgainstDomesticViolence(MNADV)andistheirintellectualproperty—jurisdictionsthatwishtoimplementtheLAPcanapplytobetraineddirectlybytheMNADV.
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WHATMAKESACOMMUNITYREADYFORTHELAP?
• BothlawenforcementagencyanddomesticviolenceserviceprovidermustunderstandthepurposeoftheLAP—toreducefatalitiesandnear‐fatalitiesbyidentifyinghigh‐dangervictims,informingthemoftheseriousnessoftheirsituation,andconnectingthemtoservices.
• TheprimarygoaloftheLAPisnot tomakecourtcaseseasierortogetmorevictimsintoshelter(thosethesemaybesideeffects).
• Communitymusthavetheresourcesavailabletorespondtoincreaseddemandforservices.
• Musthave24‐hourhotlinethatofficerscancallfromscene.
• Forlawenforcementagencies,officersmustbewillingtomakethecallfromaDVsceneeverytimeahigh‐dangervictimisidentified(whichmakesrespondingtakelonger).
• LEagencyandDVSPmustbewillingtocommittosustainingtheLAP,andtonourishingthepartnership.TheLAPworksbestwhenthereisgoodcommunication,collaboration,andtrustbetweenagencies(andtheLAPstrengthensthesebonds).
TIPS
• Victimscantellusthefacts.Listentovictims.Themoreinformationwecangetfromvictims,thebetter.
• Donotrelyoninformationfromperpetratorstoconductadangerassessment.Perpetratorsdenyandminimizeabuse.
• Thedangerlevelsarenot100%accurate—donotrelysolelyontheassessmentwhendoingsafetyplanningwiththevictim.Useyourinstinctsanddiscretioninadditiontotheassessment.
• Providevictimwithinformationonresources,includingsafeshelteroptions.
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WECANDOBETTER(ALOTBETTER)
83%ofcasesoffeminicide wereinsystemalready—eitherthevictimhadsoughtservicessomewhere(inmostcases,itwasmedicalcare)ortheperpetratorhadcontactwiththesystem.
ThisisHowaDomesticViolenceVictimFallsThroughtheCracks:http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/06/16/domestic‐violence_n_5474177.html?utm_hp_ref=tw
ARaisedHand:CanaNewApproachCurbDomesticViolence:http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/07/22/a‐raised‐hand
BRANDIRIESRIES LAWGROUP,P.C.
P.O. BOX8364MISSOULA,MONTANA 59807
(406)541‐[email protected]
HILLYMCGAHANSAFEHARBORP.O.BOX1773
POLSON,[email protected]
(406)382‐0480