satcom 101 “operational and safety services” - nbaa.org · slide 3 data communications •acars...

SatCom 101 “Operational and Safety Services”

Peter Lemme Moderator

1:45 – 2:30

Agenda

Time Topic Presenter

1:45 Data Communication Peter Lemme, Aircloud

1:50 FANS Todd Ellison, ICG

2:00 North Atlantic Mandate Jo Kremsreiter, AirSatOne

2:10 Inmarsat Safety Services SwiftBroadband

Lars Ringertz, Inmarsat

2:15 Iridium Safety Services Stylian Cocalides, Avionica

2:20 Talking to the pilot or ATC Stylian Cocalides, Avionica

Data Communications

• ACARS

– Aircraft Communication, Addressing and Reporting System

– 1978 Teledyne, ARINC, Piedmont Airlines

• More accurate time reporting enabled flight crews to fly more legs within monthly duty time limits

– 1979 ARINC 724 was adopted

– 1988 ARINC 724B was adopted

Data Communications • Boeing 747-400 (in service 1989)

– Two flight crew members

• no flight engineer

– Nearly every 747-400 included ACARS

• ARINC 724B provisions basic to the airplane

• First ACARS certificated in 1990 – Four suppliers

Early Operational Uses of ACARS

• 1985 FMS data link

– American Airlines B767

• 1989 Pre-departure clearance in US

Satellite Data Communications

• 1987 Inmarsat established aero program • Breakthrough technology

– phased array antennas – digital signal processing

• Airline Electronic Engineering Committee formed the Satellite Subcommittee

• RTCA formed the special committee for Aeronautical Mobile Satellite Service (AMSS)

• ICAO formed the Aeronautical Mobile Satellite Panel (AMSP) – Aeronautical Mobile Communications Panel (AMCP)

Satellite Data Communications

• Inmarsat AERO-L

– Low Gain Antenna

– UAL 747-400 August 1990

• single channel

• low speed ACARS communications 300 bps, throughput less than 100 bps

Satellite Voice Communications

• Malaysia Airlines 747-400, September 1993

– Inmarsat Aero-H

– First type certification

• Supplemental use for ATC communications

Future ??? Air Navigation System FANS

• 1995 FANS-1

– QANTAS, B747-400

– ACARS

– Inmarsat Aero-H

– GPS

– Flight Management System

FANS Todd Ellison, International Communications Group

FANS 1/A

FANS 1/A Purpose • FANS was developed out of the need for a more efficient and safer means to place

more aircraft in a given airspace and for a more reliable means of long haul communications for pilot to controller communications via a defined data link messaging system (ground to aircraft)

• FANS defines a data link system that:

• Ensures interoperability between all required cockpit avionics involved in the FANS data link messaging

• Increases the safety level of Required Navigation Performance (RNP) of the avionics

• Increases the safety level of the Required Communications Performance (RCP) of the avionics

• Being that this is a data link centric network, voice is not a requirement other than as a back-up if there is an outage

• Two primary functions of data link are, CPDLC and ADS-C

Required Communications Performance (RCP)

GOLD RCP 240 Requirements:

0.999 is the minimum availability for operational safety

0.9999 is the minimum availability for operational efficiency

Data messages to be delivered in 100s (95%) and 120s (99%) over CSP networks

FANS 1/A Equipment Requirements • By definition of the State Regulatory Agencies:

• SatCom is described generically as:

• Inmarsat

Or

• Iridium

• The data link information is communicated off-aircraft through:

– SatCom

Or

– VHF VDL Mode 2

Or

– HF Data Link

Or

– A combination of any three is also acceptable

Equipage for FANS

CMU

FMC

MCDU Printer

Aero

SATCOM VHFDL

GPS

Receiver

Absolutely no difference in the equipage regardless of Satellite

network…

Optional

Inmarsat

and/or

Iridium

Includes

“ATC” Button

Often a

software mod

FANS messaging can be sent via

Iridium

Inmarsat

Aero L, I, H or H+

SwiftBroadband and SB200 (2013+)

SATCOM AND FANS

HOW WILL FANS HELP YOU? FA

NS

OP

ERAT

ION

AL

BEN

EFIT

S More Direct Routing DARP (Dynamic Aircraft Route Planning) and User Preferred Routings are available for FANS equipped airplanes.

More Direct Routing means shorter distance, fuel savings and time savings. Pilots can change routes based on real winds instead of forecasted winds.

No Altitude Loss when Crossing Tracks FANS allows more accurate position reporting, flight crew can control their speed to maintain

separation instead of being forced to change altitude.

More Reliable and Efficient Communications

Communications using CPDLC is clear and reliable. Reduces the response time to a few minutes for altitude change requests allowing the flight crew to take advantage of optimum

altitude reducing fuel burn. Eliminates language barriers.

NORTH ATLANTIC FANS MANDATE Jo Kremsreiter, AirSatOne

NORTH ATLANTIC FANS 1/A DATA LINK MANDATE

A two phase approach


PHASE 1:

FL 360

FL 390 Starting February 7, 2013 (3 months away)

2 Core Tracks and altitudes between FL 360 to FL 390 inclusive

Specific Tracks will be tracks with the highest predicted loading on that day

Reference: Nav Canada Aeronautical Information Circular 24/14, FAA Notice to Airmen Sept 20,2012


PHASE 2:

FL 360*

FL 390* Starting February 5, 2015

Reference: Nav Canada Aeronautical Information Circular 24/14, FAA Notice to Airmen Sept 20,2012

* Firm plans and provisions for the implementation of the Feb 2015 phase are not yet

developed however, it is anticipated that specified portions of the NAT MNPS airspace where

carriage and operations of the FANS 1/A or equivalent systems would be mandated will

expand beyond the 2013 plan


Aircraft that are not equipped and operationally approved for FANS 1/A by the dates above will be excluded from FANS routes and will be forced to fly less efficient routes.

More fuel burn

Longer distance to travel

Longer flight time

Some aircraft will have to make an extra fuel stop

INMARSAT SWIFTBROADBAND SAFETY

Lars Ringertz, Inmarsat

Certification for FANS (Data Link) Operation

• Inmarsat Classic Services used for FANS operation since 1995

• SwiftBroadband FANS evaluation to start mid 2013

SwiftBroadband Safety Services

Improved performance over Classic Aero – target to meet GOLD RCP240

Provides Priority, Pre-emption and Precedence

– Support for new cockpit applications via the Prioritised IP/EFB IP links

– Priority given to: ATS, AOC, AAC data & voice – Ensures communications availability for ATS safety • Priority over cabin users of SwiftBroadband and other network users

• Users with lower priority can be pre-empted

Spectrum efficiencies compared to Classic Aero

Cost effective • At least 30% reduction in ACARS opex costs expected compared to Classic Aero

• Enabled by ability of the system to share the network with other commercial services, while providing full protection to the safety voice and data services

• Equipment cost savings enabled by smaller, lighter, cheaper E-LGA (Class 4) solution

SwiftBroadband oceanic safety services

Class 6 (HGA)

SB/Classic

SwiftBroadband safety services

RCP240

0.9999

Class 6 (HGA)

SB only

0.999-0.9999

Class 7 (IGA)

SB only

Class 4 (ELGA)

SB only

One SwiftBroadband aircraft system

• Multi-channel IP data to 432+kbps

• Prioritised voice and data safety services

SwiftBroadband Safety:

• ACARS datalink over SwiftBroadband

• Prioritised IP data to 432kbps

• 2-channels of voice (one CS, one digital voice)

SwiftBroadband Safety gives reduced ACARS operating costs to customers

• Target: > 30 percent OPEX reduction

SwiftBroadband safety provides better performance than Classic Aero

Target: RCP240 requirements

SwiftBroadband Classes

HGA High Gain Antenna

IGA Intermediate Gain Antenna

LGA Low Gain Antenna

SB-Safety Yes Yes Yes

2xVoice, 1xACARS Classic Aero Backup

2xVoice, 1xACARS 2xVoice, 1xACARS (Enhanced LGA)

1xIP Data (432Kbps) 1xIP Data (332Kbps) 1xIP Data (200Kbps)

All in one channel (SIM) and one antenna

Cabin Yes (Multiple) Yes (Multiple) Yes

Background IP Up to 3x 432kbps Up to 3x 332kbps Up to 200kbps

Streaming IP Approx 250kbps (X-Stream)

Up to 128kbps Up to 32kbps

Voice 1xVoice (AMBE+2) 1xVoice (AMBE+2) 1xVoice (AMBE+2)

Satellite & Network Overview

28

Inmarsat

DP1 ACARS Processer + Voice Switch

DP…n ACARS Processer + Voice Switch

MMP-New York Data-2 & Data-3

MMP-Amsterdam Data-2 & Data-3

MSC-Burum Voice – H+

Perth Fucino Paumalu Burum

Santa Paula Aussaguel Perth EIK

ARINC ACARS Processer

SITA ACARS Processer + Voice Switch

Data-2 & Data-3 Data-2 & Data-3

Voice – H/H+/I

PSTN Networ

k

PSTN Network

IRIDIUM SAFETY SERVICES Stylian Cocalides, Avionica

Certification for FANS (Data Link) Operation

• Iridium Short-Burst Data (SBD) service used for FANS operation since 2009

Iridium Safety Services Iridium

safety services RCP240

0.9999

• Iridium provides ACARS

• Iridium Data Link meets the RCP240 safety

requirements today and in the future

•Two channels of voice available – not a requirement

for Fans Over Iridium (FOI)

•Single or dual element low profile, lightweight fuselage

mounted antenna

• Iridium is available at virtually every OEM

TALKING TO THE PILOT OR ATC Stylian Cocalides, Avionica

SatCom Voice Guidance Material (SVGM)

• The purpose of the SatCom Voice Guidance Material (SVGM) is to increase safety and reliability

• Terrestrial HF Radio has traditionally been the only approved long haul communications with reliability effected by numerous factors

• Terrestrial VHF communications has traditionally been the approved short haul communication but there are now congestion issues

SatCom – Safety Voice Service

• Two SatCom Safety Voice networks

• Inmarsat

• Iridium

• By the trials end each State Agency can approve the removal of one HF Radio by adding the approved SatCom to the aircraft MEL

– In a nutshell HF voice communications is not going away, but relief is coming

– Same holds true for VHF voice communications

FANS and SatVoice?

• Data Link communications is rapidly becoming the approved method of cockpit to controller communications

• It can’t be said enough, FANS is a data link centric network and does not require voice communications other than as a back-up in the event of a data link outage

satcom 101 “operational and safety services” - nbaa.org · slide 3 data communications •acars...

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