sans research group department activities department of mechanical & aerospace engineering...
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SANS Research Group
Department Activities
Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering
College of Engineering and Applied ScienceUniversity of Colorado at Colorado Springs
Dave Schmidt
Professor of Mechanical & Aerospace [email protected]
719 262-3580www.uccs.edu/~SANSRL
March 2006
SANS Research Group
MAE Department Overview
Department Established January, 1999.
Faculty: 6 TT, 2 NTT, 1-2 new next Fall
Enrollment: ~ 150 UG, ~ 100 Grad Students
Aerospace Degrees Offered:
B.S. in Mechanical Engineering - Aerospace Minor
M.S. in Mechanical Engineering - Aerospace Focus
PhD in Engineering - Aerospace Focus_________________________________________
Master of Engineering - Space Operations (distance program)
SANS Research Group
Introduction to Key MAEResearch Faculty
Julie Albertson, PhD. Former member of USAFA Faculty - Aerodynamics
Jason Roney. PhD, Cal Davis - Atmospheric Modeling
Ken Saunders, PhD Michigan, Former member of Faculties of RPI and Penn State Universities - Systems Dynamics and Control
Dave Schmidt, PhD Purdue, Former member of Faculties of ASU, Maryland, and Purdue Universities - Aerospace Vehicle Dynamics, Guidance,and Control; Systems Optimization
Jim Stevens, PhD BYU, Former Member of Faculty of Mississippi State University - Energy Systems and Energy Conversion
Steve Tragesser, PhD Purdue, Former Member of Faculty of AFIT -Aerospace Vehicle Dynamics; Systems
SANS Research Group
Research Highlights
Two areas of focus today:
• “Near Space”
AerodynamicsWind ModelingStation Keeping Performance, Dynamics & ControlEnergy (Power) Analysis
• Student UAV Project
Autonomous Guidance & Navigation
SANS Research Group
Where/What Is Near-Space?
37,160 km37,160 km
21,000 km21,000 km
100 – 1000 km 100 – 1000 km
GEOGEO
MEOMEO
LEOLEO
Spa
ceS
pace
SATCOMSATCOM
GPSGPS
IridiumIridium
Air
Air
SurfaceSurface
20 km20 km
Nea
r-S
pace
Nea
r-S
pace
20 km (60,000 ft)20 km (60,000 ft)
100 km (327,000 ft)100 km (327,000 ft)
SANS Research Group
Why Near Space?
Persistent (24/7) Communication and/or Surveillance Platform
SANS Research Group
Wind Modeling for Near Space
Possible “Sweet Spots”
STATISTICS:
Year 2004 Height Variation: White Sands (EPZ) and Akron (PIT)
SANS Research Group
Notional Airship Investigated
Vehicle Characteristics:
Volume = 6.1x106 ft3
Length = 450 ftWidth = 100 ftWOEW = 30,000 lbsSolar electric poweredPayload Power = 3 kW (HAA)
Performance Req’m’ts:
Operating Altitude - 65,000 ft< 2 km error - Prob. 0.5< 150 km error - Prob. 0.95
SANS Research Group
Aerodynamic Drag Modeling
• UCCS Low-Speed Tunnel
• Lift-Drag Force Measurements
• Body geometry L/D = 3.9
• ReL = 1.3 x 105 (Low)
• Turbulent Grid Needed
• Mmax = 0.045 (50 fps, 30 kts))
• Area = projected frontal area
Drag Model Required Propulsive Thrust
Drag = CD(1/2 V2)Aref CD - Empirically & Experimentally Verified
Airship Model in Tunnel Test Section
SANS Research Group
Station Keeping Objective
Desired Position(Looking From Above)
Steady Wind, U0
Plus u and v Gustsug vg
Y
X
Y
X
Position Error - X, Y
Objective:Drive Position ErrorTo Zero, In PresenceOf Wind Gusts
SANS Research Group
Station-Keeping Guidance
Desired PositionInertialPosition
InertialVelocity
Controls-Thrust &Fin Defl.
Vehicle Dynamics - Representative Large AirshipModeled at 65,000 ft.
Attitude Controller and Guidance Algorithms (GPS-based)
Allows for assessment of maneuvering-power required
VehicleDynamicsAttitude
Controller KinematicsGuidanceAlgorithm- -
Wind Gusts (turbulence)
SANS Research Group
Pulling it All TogetherIntegrated Platform Analysis
Wind Statistics and Probability Distributions
Aerodynamic Drag Models
Solar Geometric Effects
Vehicle geometry - large airshipGeo latitudeDiurnal and seasonal effects
Energy-Subsystem Efficiencies
Maneuvering Power Requirements
Power Available
Versus
Power Required
SANS Research Group
Student UAV Project