sangath, ahmedabad – b
TRANSCRIPT
VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE
Indian vernacular architecture
Indian vernacular architecture is the informal, functional architecture of structures, often in rural areas of India, built of local materials and designed to meet the needs of the local people. The builders of these structures are unschooled in formal architectural design and their work reflects the rich diversity of India's climate, locally available building materials, and the intricate variations in local social customs and craftsmanship. It has been estimated that worldwide close to 90% of all building is vernacular, meaning that it is for daily use for ordinary, local people and built by local craftsmen.
Toda tribal hut
A village hut in West Bengal
The term "vernacular architecture" in general refers to the informal building of structures through traditional building methods by local builders without using the services of a professional architect. It is the most widespread form of building.[2]
House with verandah inEttayapuram
Traditional home, Manali
Categories
Kachcha
Pakka
Semi-pukka
Kachcha
A kachcha is a building made of natural materials such
as mud, grass, bamboo, thatch or sticks and is
therefore a short-lived structure. Since it is not made
for endurance it requires constant maintenance and
replacement. The practical limitations of the building
materials available dictate the specific form which can
have a simple beauty. The advantage of a kachcha is
that construction materials are cheap and easily
available and relatively little labor is required.
Pakka Mortar holding weathered bricks
A pakka is a structure made from materials
resistant to wear, such as forms of stone or brick,
clay tiles, metal or other durable materials,
sometimes using mortar to bind, that does not
need to be constantly maintained or replaced.
However, such structures are expensive to
construct as the materials are costly and more
labor is required. A pakka (or sometimes
"pukka") may be elaborately decorated in
contrast to a kachcha.
Semi-pukka
A combination of the kachcha and pukka style, the semi-pukka, has evolved as villagers have acquired the resources to add elements constructed of the durable materials characteristic of a pukka. Architecture as always evolves organically as the needs and resources of people change.
MODERN ARCHITECTURE
INTRODUCTION:
SANGATH means “moving together through .”Participation
It is an architect office
Location: Thalte Road,Ahmedabad 380054
Client: Balkrishna Doshi
Period of construction: 1979-1981
Project Engineer: B.S. Jethwa, Y. Patel
Site area: 2346 m2
Total Built-up Area: 585 m2
Project Cost: Rs. 0.6 Million ( 1981 )
Passive Design:
Not require mechanical heating and Cooling
Reduces greenhouse gas emissions from heating, cooling, mechanical ventilation and lighting
Take advantage of natural energy flow
Maintain the thermal comfort
Sangath , architect Balkrishna Doshi’s studio, was built in 1979-80. The entire ensemble has an organicity and contiguity through the modulation of the landscape. The exterior landscape slowly merges up with the vaults creating a harmonious earth form . The entire journey from the entry into the structure is a phantasmagoria of nuances and hints. The flooring plays a vital role in giving directionality and inducing notion. Pattern , texture and semiotics are used extensively to demarcate movement flow. Placement position and typology of the vegetation adds to the attribute of floors in creating a harmonious continuity.
PLAN,SANGATH
TOP VIEW, SANGATH
Design concept And Features:
Design concerns of climate ( temperature or humidity or sunlight).
Extensive use of vaults
Main studio partly bellow the ground (sunken)
FEATURES
Very less use of mechanical instrument
Special materials are used resulting in a low cost building costing it
Continuity of Spaces
Complete passive design
Lot of vegetation & water bodies
Use of lot of diffused sunlight
Grassy steps which Doshi uses as informal Amphitheatre
CONSTRUCTION OF VAULT
3.5 cm thick RCC
8 cm ceramic fuses
3.5 cm thick RCC
6 cm thick water proofing
1 cm thick broken China mosaic finish
Broken China mosaic is insulative and reflective surface.
Broken China mosaic gives a very good textures.
Ceramics are temperature resistant.
Water cascades from fountain into series of Channels
Diffused light in the drafting studio
Whole area is covered with vegetation
Terracotta pots and sculpture lying in the compound
ATMAAhmedabad Textile Mill Owners' Association
Le Corbusier came to India to design Chandigarh in 1951. He was invited to Ahmedabad by mayor Chinubhai Chimanbhai. Surottam Hutheesing, then president of Ahmedabad Mill Owners' Association, commissioned Corbusier to build the new headquarters of the association. It was completed in 1954.
Mill Owners’ Association Building, commonly confused with 'Ahmedabad Textile Mill Owners' Association House' (ATMA House), is a modern architecture building in Ahmedabad, India designed by French architect Le Corbusier. Its many walls (with windows in between) slant, and there are trees actually growing out of the side of it. Also, the drainage system is built into the handrails of the balconies.
The east and west facades are in the form of sun breakers or brise-soleil, one of Corbusier’smany formal inventions, which, while avoiding harsh sun, permit visual connection and air movement. While the brise-soleil act as free facades made of rough shuttered concrete, the north and south sides, built in rough brickwork, are almost unbroken.
A ceremonial ramp makes for a grand approach into a triple height entrance hall, open to the wind. Arrival is on the first floor, where (as per the original design) the executives’ offices and boardroom are located. The ground floor houses the work-spaces of the clerks and a separate, single-story canteen at the rear.
On the second floor of the Mill Owners’ Building, the lobby is treated as “an open space defined by harsh, angular forms and the auditorium as an enclosed space delineated by soft, curvilinear forms …two contradictory elements that both need the other in order to exist.”