sample philosophy paper draft

8/2/2019 Sample Philosophy Paper Draft

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Question of the Self which Philosophy

which works better in Our Society

Hume or Kant?

Bysn

11/8/11


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Have you ever heard, that boy hasnt found himself yet? Have you ever experienced while

driving an automobile and looking through the rearview mirror and wondered if you stopped at that

intersection you just went through? Have you ever awakened in a hotel room in a different city and

wondered what you were doing there? Do we all sometimes loose our self-awareness, or is there any

self to be aware of. It is probable a matter of time before we collect our thoughts. As David Hume

would say, a time to collect our ideas and impressions.

David Hume, a Scottish philosopher, who lived between the years of 1711 and 1776, made this

observation: as recorded in his essay, On Personal Identity. Self or person is not any one impression

but that to which our several impressions and ideas are supposed to have a reference. (Hume, Essay)

In answering the questions at the opening paragraph of this paper, we find instances that we

have lost our frame of reference and that once we gained our sense of reference our impressions and

ideas now become relative to our situation.

The basic data according to Hume the contents of our experience are two entities. Impressions and

Ideas.

Impressions Impressions are the basic sensations of our experience, the elemental data of our minds:

pain, pleasure, heat , cold, happiness, grief, fear, exhilaration, and so on. The impressions are lively

and vivid.(Chaffee, Print)

IdeasIdeas are copies of impressions, and as a result they are less lively and vivid. Ideas include

thoughts and images that are built up from our primary impressions through a variety of relationships,

but because they are derivative copies of impressions they are once removed from

reality.(Chaffee,Print)

The flow of sensations that go through our minds are given a frame of reference gives us the

illusion of self. In other words, there is no true self, just the sum of our ideas and impressions at a given

point of time, place, or situation.

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An illustration of time is when we are young, our frame of reference is that we are full of energy

and think we will live forever. We are not worried about the present as there is time to deal with issues

later. Where as we grow older the frame of reference changes to less energy and the realization that

our lives will have an ending. Therefore, there is no true self but a changing of the reference point, that

being of time. This change of reference could be referred to as a mid-life crisis. A change of reference

point in regards to time.

In relation to space, you could use the illustration of a person from the desert, one has certain

ideas and impressions about ones surroundings. As long as one can see the mountains on the horizon

they know where they are at. They know which direction to go to find the camping spot. By changing

the reference point and find oneself in a forest full of tall trees, where they cannot see the horizon and

sight landmarks, they would become lost. The ideas or impressions have not changed but the situation

and reference point has changed. One could say that I am no longer a confident person, I now have

become an insecure person not knowing which way to turn.

. . .

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Personally I would have to agree with David Hume, where there is no conscious there is no self

awareness, we are just in a state of being, occupying space and time, but once we are alert and our

memory capability is functioning then self awareness becomes reality. In all three of the illustration or

questions it is the gathering of ideas and impressions that the self re-emerges to take control.

. . .

Immanuel Kant, a German philosopher was alarmed by David Humes notion that the mind is

simply a container for fleeting sensations and disconnected ideas, and our reasoning ability is merely a

slave to the passions.for Kant, Humes devastating conclusions served as a Socratic gad fly to his

spirit of inquiry, awakening him from his intellectual sleep and galvanizing him to action.(Chaffee, Print)


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. . .

That is to say Kants idea was that we can have an effect on world events. Where Hume

indicated that we were observers of the world events, as we collect and analyze data. An illustration

that I can pull from my limited knowledge of history is the Indians prior to Columbuss arrival, co-existed

with nature as they knew it. They followed the seasons and the animals as a part of their co-existence

with nature. They did not try to improve on nature, but rather observed and tried to fit in with nature.

They did not have the idea of land ownership other than to protect certain areas from other tribes. I

believe that this is a type of living by observation that Hume was indicating.

After Columbus arrival in the new world, European settlements began the exposure of

. . .

In this Indian culture that existed for thousands of years, Humes philosophy, I believe would be

accepted. For example, Woodrow Wilson in 1916 established the American parks system in which

land is set aside so that we may go and observe nature as it existed prior to the European expansion. I

think Hume would have felt vindicated if he were to visit Yellowstone National Park. On the other hand,

Kant would have asked Hume if he enjoyed the train ride to get there. These two different and

competing ideologies were not able to co-exist together because of the difference on the opinion of self.

The Indian idea of self, mirrored the philosophy of Hume in that they accepted their

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Work cited [ To be completed ]

1) Chaffee, John. The Philosophers Way. Boston, New York: Prentice Hall, 2011. Print.3.6

2) Daronco, Darren. County Look at Port Athoritys Debt. Yuma Sun 6 November 2011: 1. Print.

3) Hume, David On Personal Identity. Essay.

4) Kant, Immanuel. Prolegomena to any future Metaphysics. Essay.

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