OCR Physical EducationAS / A-Level Exercise PhysiologyPowerPoint SummariesThis resource has been written by Claire Miller and Ali Woodward for PEfocus and has been designed tosupport teaching and learning of the ‘new’ OCR AS and GCE/A-Level PE specification for teaching fromSeptember 2016.

All 12 of our new resources (6 Teacher resource files and 6 PowerPoint summaries) have been officiallyendorsed by the OCR examining board.

All content mirrors the OCR Exercise Physiology specification perfectly.The Exercise Physiology resource comprises:

üApprox 60 full colour / fully animated teacher slidesüStudent slides as PDFs – with gaps to fillüTeacher slides as PDFs – with ‘answers’

This resource can be used to present new work, for summing up topic areas and for consolidation at theend of the course.

We really hope that you and your learners will find it both engaging and helpful.

Here’sasmallselectionofsampleslidesfromvarioustopicareasoftheOCRExercisePhysiologyspecification.Bothteacherandstudentslidesareincludedhere(thelatteraresuppliedasPDFfilesforfill-inbystudents)

Student slides

The aim of this resource is to build a bank of knowledge that can be used throughout the course as well as at the end for review.

A favoured layout is to print two slides per A3 sheet; many students find the large visual style manageable, engaging and valuable as a supplement to other notes and resources.

Onprint-outs, fill intheblanksasyouworkyourwaythrough theslides

Unauthorised sharing or duplication of PEfocus materials is strictly prohibited by the Terms and Conditions that have been agreed between PEfocus and the purchasing institution.

DietandNutrition1.1

Nutritionplaysavitalroleinsupporting thetrainingandperformancedemands insport.Healthyandbalancedfoodchoiceshelptoensurethattheathletehasenoughenergy,whichwillimprove trainingandperformanceandpromoterecovery.

KEYWORDS Definition

Healthy,balanceddiet

awayofeatingalloftheright

nutrientsthatthebodyneedstobe

healthy.

Nutrient

asubstancethatprovides

nourishmentessentialforlifeandgrowth.

• 1,940calories forfemales.• 2,550calories formales.andconsistof…• 55%carbohydrate.• 15%protein.• nomorethan30%fat.• ‘5-a-day’fruitandvegetablestoprovide

minerals, vitaminsandfibre.• 2.5litres ofwater.

Itisrecommendedthateachday,anadult’shealthy,balanceddietshouldcontain

approximately:

Thefoodweeatcanbedividedinto foodgroups.

carbo-hydrates

proteins

fats

mineralsvitamins

fibre

water

Foreachfoodgroupyouneedtoknow…• wherewegetitfrom.• itsfunction.• itsimportanceto

performanceinsport.

SportsSupplement

Productsusedtoenhanceathleticperformance.Mayincludevitamins,

minerals,aminoacidsoracombinationofthese.Seepresentation2.

Abalanceddietwillprovidethe

nutrientsandenergynecessary forsport.

DietandNutrition1.1

Nutritionplaysavitalroleinsupporting thetrainingandperformancedemands insport.Healthyandbalancedfoodchoiceshelptoensurethattheathletehasenoughenergy,whichwillimprove trainingandperformanceandpromoterecovery.

KEYWORDS Definition

Healthy,balanceddiet

Nutrient

• ________ caloriesforfemales.• ________ caloriesformales.andconsistof…• ___%carbohydrate.• ___%protein.• nomorethan___%fat.• ‘__-a-day’fruitandvegetablesto

provideminerals,vitaminsandfibre.• ___litres ofwater.

Itisrecommendedthateachday,anadult’shealthy,balanceddietshouldcontain

approximately:

Thefoodweeatcanbedividedinto7foodgroups.

Foreachfoodgroupyouneedtoknow…• wherewegetitfrom.• itsfunction.• itsimportanceto

performanceinsport.

SportsSupplement

Fill inthedefinitions intheboxes.

Writeonefoodgroupineachcircle.

Addinanexampleofthetypeoffoodthatprovideseachnutrient.

Fill inthedefinitions intheboxes.

Fill inthegaps.

4.6 Aerobictraining:Physiologicaladaptations

§ Whenanappropriateprogrammeofaerobictrainingiscompleted,thebodyundergoesseveralphysiological adaptations(structuralchanges).

§ Thesecombinetoincreaseaerobiccapacity,allowingoxygentobetakenin,transportedandutilised atagreaterrate.

§ Thentheperformercanexerciseaerobicallyathigherintensities beforeexperiencingfatigue.

Theadaptationscanbedividedintofourcategories:

2.Respiratoryadaptations

1.Cardiovascularadaptations

CardiacHypertrophy:Increasedsizeandcontractility

oftheventricles, soSVincreases

Increasedelasticityofthearterywalls:

Increasedregulationofbloodpressure, anddistribution ofblood toworkingmuscles

Capillarisation:Increasednumberofcapillariesatlungsandmuscles, sogas

exchangeincreases

Increasedredbloodcells:Oxygencarryingcapacityof

blood increased

Increasedbloodplasma:Bloodviscosity reducedwhich

increasesflow.

Increasedstrengthofrespiratorymuscles:Increasedlungvolume,decreasedfatigueof

respiratorymuscles, moreefficientventilation

Increasedsurfaceareaofalveoli:

Increaseddiffusion ofoxygen

Examtip:Check thecommandword:Identify=boldkeyterms

Explain=therestoftheinformationineachbox

4.6 Aerobictraining:Physiologicaladaptations

§ Whenanappropriateprogrammeofaerobictrainingiscompleted,thebodyundergoesseveralphysiological adaptations(structuralchanges).

§ Thesecombinetoincreaseaerobiccapacity,allowingoxygentobetakenin,transportedandutilisedatagreaterrate.

§ Thentheperformercanexerciseaerobicallyathigherintensities beforeexperiencingfatigue.

Theadaptationscanbedividedintofourcategories:

2.Respiratoryadaptations

1.Cardiovascularadaptations

_______________________Increasedsizeandcontractility

oftheventricles, soSVincreases

____________________________________________

Increasedregulationofbloodpressure, anddistribution ofblood toworkingmuscles

__________________Increasednumberofcapillariesatlungsandmuscles, sogas

exchangeincreases

____________________Oxygencarryingcapacityof

blood increased

____________________Bloodviscosity reducedwhich

increasesflow.

_______________________

______________________Increasedlungvolume,decreasedfatigueof

respiratorymuscles, moreefficientventilation

_________________________________________Increaseddiffusion of

oxygen

Examtip:Check thecommandword:

Identify =thekeytermsyou’veaddedExplain =theinformationbeloweachkeyterm

Writethekeytermsthatlinktoeachdescription

5.6 Trainingtodevelopstrength:Typesoftraining

Multi-gym:Apieceofequipmentwitharangeofstationsand

adjustableweightstacks.Movementoftheweightiscontrolled- increasing

safety.Weights:

Freeweightsusingdumbbells orbarbellscanbeusedtoworkspecificmusclegroups.Othermuscles (includingthecorestabilitymuscles) alsoworkasfixatorstostabilisethemovementincreasingtheirisometric

strength.

Plyometrics:Traininginvolving bounding, jumping, pressupswithclapsetc.

Thistakesadvantageofthestretchreflex- acontractionofamuscleinresponse toitbeingstretched,whichisaprotectivemechanism.

Aneccentriccontraction(controlled, downwardsaction)occursfirstwhichcausesamoreforcefulconcentriccontractiontofollow.

Thisincreasesexplosive strength.

Circuit/Intervaltraining:Periodsofworkonaseriesofexercisestations,followedbyareliefintervalwherethemuscle grouprecovers.Thisrecoverymayoccurwhilstanotherareaofthebodyisbeingworkedat

thenextstation.Circuit/intervaltrainingcanincludefreeweightsaswellasbodyweightexercises,andusually targetsstrengthendurance.An

advantageisthatitcanbeusedwithlargegroups.

5.6 Trainingtodevelopstrength:Typesoftraining

Multi-gym:Apieceofequipmentwitharangeof___________andadjustable______________stacks.Movementoftheweightiscontrolled - increasing__________.

Weights:Freeweightsusing______________orbarbellscanbeusedtoworkspecific____________groups.Othermuscles(includingthecorestabilitymuscles)alsoworkasfixatorsto_____________themovementincreasingtheirisometric______________

Plyometrics:Traininginvolvingbounding, jumping,pressupswithclapsetc.Thistakesadvantageofthestretch__________acontractionofamuscleinresponsetoitbeingstretched,whichisaprotectivemechanism.Aneccentriccontraction(controlled,downwardsaction)occursfirstwhichcausesamoreforcefulconcentriccontractiontofollow.Thisincreases_______________strength.

Circuit/Intervaltraining:Periodsofworkonaseriesofexercisestations,followedbyareliefintervalwherethemusclegrouprecovers.Thisrecoverymayoccurwhilstanotherareaofthebody isbeingworkedatthenextstation.Circuit/intervaltrainingcanincludefreeweightsaswellasbodyweightexercises,andusuallytargets________________________Anadvantageisthatitcanbeusedwith_____________________.

Examplesofmulti-gymexercises:

Examplesofcircuit/intervalexercises:

Examplesofplyometricsexercises:

Examplesoffreeweightsexercises:

Fill inblanks– andgiveexamplesofexercisesusedineachtypeoftraining

Impactoftrainingonlifestylediseases7.1

KEYWORDS Definition

sedentarylifestyle aninactivelifestyle.

coronaryheartdisease(CHD)

acondition wherefattyplaquebuildsupinthewallsofthecoronary arteries

causingthemtonarrow andreduce bloodsupplytotheheart.Thismayleadtoanginaandheartattack.

coronary riskfactors

conditionsorhabitsthatincreasetheriskof

coronaryheartdisease.

atherosclerosisaconditionwherefattyplaquebuildsupinthewallsofarteriescausingtheirwallstohardenandtheirlumentonarrow.

heartattackacompleteblockageofacoronaryarterycausingtotalrestrictionofO2 to

heartmuscle.

strokea‘brainattack’causedwhenO2 supplytothe

brainiscutoff.

hypertensionhighbloodpressure,oftencausedduetoatherosclerosis.

LDLcholesterolbadcholesterol. Highinblood fatsthatdepositonthewallsofarteriescausingatherosclerosis andCHD.

HDLcholesterol

goodcholesterol.LowinbloodfatsandremovesLDLcholesterolfromwallsofarteriesandtransportstoliver.

DefinitionKEYWORDS

anginapartialblockageofa

coronaryarterycausingchestpainduetolackofO2 toheartmuscle.

coronaryarteries

bloodvesselsthatsupplyoxygenrichbloodtotheentireheartmuscle.

• sedentarylifestyle• overweightorobese• smoking• highLDLcholesterol• hypertension• unhealthydiet.

mostriskfactorsaremodifiablebylifestyle

choices..

unhealthycardiovascularsystem

Asedentarylifestylethatishighincoronaryriskfactorsincreaseschanceof:

• atherosclerosis • coronaryheartdisease• angina • heartattack• hypertension • stroke• highLDL

cholesterol• lowHDLcholesterol

healthycardiovascularsystem

Regulartrainingandlifestylechoicesgreatlydecreaseriskofcardiovasculardiseaseduetophysiologicaladaptationsandhealthbenefits.HEART• cardiachypertrophy /increasedSV/decreased

restingHR/moreefficientheart/decreasedcardiovascularstrain.

BLOODVESSELS• increasedefficiencyofcoronaryarteries/

increasedO2 delivery toheartmuscle.• increasedelasticityofarterywalls/more

efficientvasodilationandvasoconstriction/reduced riskofhardeningofarterywalls/decreasedbloodpressure.

BLOOD• decreasedblood fatsandLDLcholesterol/

increasedHDLcholesterol• decreasedbloodviscosity/increasedblood

flow/decreasedbloodpressure.OTHER• bodyweightbettermanaged/healthyenergy

balance.

3types:1. ischaemic stroke:causedbyablockageofO2supplytobrain.2. haemorrhagic stroke:causedbyableedinoraround brain2. TIAaminiischaemic strokewheresymptomslastforlessthan24hourscausedbyatemporaryblockage.

Impactoftrainingonlifestylediseases7.1

KEYWORDS Definition

sedentarylifestyle

coronaryheartdisease(CHD)

coronary riskfactors

atherosclerosis

heartattack

stroke

hypertension

LDLcholesterol

HDLcholesterol

DefinitionKEYWORDS

angina

coronaryarteries

•••••

mostriskfactorsare

modifiable bylifestylechoices..

unhealthycardiovascularsystem

Asedentarylifestylethatishighincoronaryriskfactorsincreaseschanceof:

• ath__________ • c_____ h_____ d______• ang__________ • h______ a______• hyper_________ • s______• high__cholesterol • low__cholesterol

healthycardiovascularsystem

Regulartrainingandlifestylechoicesgreatlydecreaseriskofcardiovasculardiseaseduetophysiologicaladaptationsandhealthbenefits.

HEART•

BLOODVESSELS•

•

BLOOD•

•OTHER

•

Fill inthedefinitions intheboxes.

Givesomee.g.sofriskfactors.

Useyourknowledgeofaerobicphysiologicaladaptations tofillinsomebenefitstohealthforeachcomponent ofthecardiovascular system.

Acuteandchronicinjuries8.1*GCE/A-levelonly

KEYWORDS

Definition

Sportsinjury Acuteinjury Chronicinjury

Hardtissueinjuries

injury, painorphysicaldamagetothesolidstructuresofthemusculo-skeletalsystem:bone;cartilage.

Softtissueinjuries

injury, painorphysicaldamagetothesoftstructuresofthemusculo-skeletalsystem:muscles,tendons,

ligaments.

anykindofinjury,painorphysical

damagethatoccursasaresultofsport,exercise orphysical

activity.

sportsinjuries thatoccur overan

extended period oftime- sometimescalledoveruse

injuries.

sportsinjuries thatoccur inaninstant.

Concussion

aviolentacceleration-

decelerationforceofthebrain,resultinginimpairmentofneurologicalfunction.

mostcommonlyassociatedwiththemusculo-skeletalsystem:muscles;bones;ligaments;tendons;cartilage.

Examples:•fracture.•dislocation.•strain.•sprain.

Examples:•tendinitis.•stressfracture.

Examples:• fracture.• stressfracture.• dislocation.• meniscustear.

Examples:• tear.• strain.• sprain.

Cancause:• acontusion of

thebraintissue.• ahaemorrhage

insidetheskull.

Furtherinformation

acuteandchronic injuries resultin:• pain.• swelling.• tenderness.• weakness.• inabilitytouseorplaceweightoninjured area.

Question:What isthedifferencebetweenasprainandastrain?

Answer:• bothareacuteinjuries.• botharesofttissueinjuries.• asprainreferstoaninjuryof

theligament.• astrainreferstoaninjuryof

themuscleor tendon.

Question:Howaresprainandstraininjuriesclassified?

Answer:• theyaregradedinto3categories.

Question:What isthemostfrequently injuredjoint inthebody?

Answer:• thekneebecauseitistheleast

stablejointinthebody relyingon4ligamentsand2meniscustoincreaseitsstability.

Grade1:• minorstretchingofsofttissue.• littlelossofjointstability.

Grade2:• stretchingandsometearingofsoft

tissue.• moderatejointinstability.

Grade3:• completetearorruptureofsoft

tissue.• grossjointinstability.

anatomyofrightknee– anteriorview

lateralcollateralligament(LCL)

medialcollateralligament(MCL)

anteriorcruciateligament(ACL)

posteriorcruciateligament(PCL)

medialmeniscuslateralmeniscus

Acuteandchronicinjuries8.1*GCE/A-levelonly

KEYWORDS

Definition

Sportsinjury Acuteinjury Chronic injury Hardtissueinjuries

Softtissueinjuries Concussion

mostcommonlyassociatedwiththemusculo-skeletalsystem:m______;b_____;l______,t______;c______.

Examples:•f_________.•d_________.•st_________.•sp_________.

Examples:•tendinitis.•stressfracture.

Examples:• f_________.• s______f_____.• d_________.• m_______tear.

Examples:• t________.• st_______.• sp_______.

Cancause:• ac________of

thebraintissue.• ah________

insidetheskull.

Furtherinformation

acuteandchronic injuries resultin:• pain/swelling / tenderness/weakness.• inabilitytouseorplaceweightoninjuredarea.

Question:Whatisthedifferencebetweenasprainandastrain?

Answer:• bothare________injuries.• bothare_____tissueinjuries.• asprainreferstoaninjuryof

the________.• astrainreferstoaninjuryof

the________or________.

Question:Howaresprainandstraininjuriesclassified?

Answer:• theyaregradedinto3categories.

Question:Whatisthemostfrequentlyinjuredjointinthebody?

Answer:• thekneebecauseitistheleast

stablejointinthebody relyingon4_______and2________toincreaseitsstability.

Grade1:• minors_________ofsofttissue.• littlelossofj______s______.

Grade2:• s________ andsomet________

ofsofttissue.• moderatej______s______.

Grade3:• completet______orr______of

softtissue.• grossj______ins______. anatomyofrightknee– anteriorview

Fill inthedefinitionsintheboxes.

Fill inthegaps.

Labeltherightkneejoint.

Responding to injuries and medical conditions10.1*GCE/A-level only

KEY WORDS

Definition

SALTAPS

anassessmenttool toevaluatethedegreeofseriousnessofanacuteinjury.Itwillhelpdecideifathletecancontinue oriftheyneedfurther medicalintervention.

• Thetherapistmayhavealreadyseentheinjuryhappene.g.

• aplayer’sbootgotstuckinthegroundandtheirkneetwistedinwards.ee

sk

ook

ouch

ctivemovement

assivemovement

trength

• clarifywhathappenedtocausetheacuteinjury.• asktheathletequestionstogetmoredetailsofthelevel

andareaofpaine.g.

• talkmethroughwhathappened.• whereisthepain?• isitasharppainordullache?• didyouhearanythingwhenithappened?• haveyougotpainanywhereelse?hip?ankle?

• lookattheareaofpainand theareaaroundit.• checkforsignsandsymptomsofacuteinjury.• compareleftandrightlimbtolookfordifferences

e.g.• swelling?• bruising?• deformitiestojointorbone?

• touchgentlyallareasaroundtheinjuredjoint.• startontheoppositesidetowherethepainhasbeen

identified.• touchareaofpainlast.Ifthisareaistouchedfirstitcan

createapositivepainresponsetootherareasastheinjuredareahasbeenaggravated.

• alwayskeepaneyeontheathlete’sfaceforapainresponseinadditiontoaverbalresponse.

(athletemovingjoint)• assesstherangeofmovementaroundtheinjured

joint.• askathletetomoveinjuredlimbasfarasis

comfortableforthem.• askiftheyhadtostopbecauseofpainorbecauseof

stiffnesstothejoint.• comparerangeofmovementofinjuredlimbwith

oppositelimb.

(thetherapistmovingjoint)• assesstherangeofmovementaroundtheinjuredjointby

thetherapistmovingjointtoremoveactivationofmuscles.• athletemustrelaxcompletelyandlettherapistknowwhen

tostop.• askiftheyhadtostopbecauseofpainorbecauseof

stiffnesstothejoint.• comparerangeofmovementofinjuredlimbwithopposite

limb.• alwayskeepaneyeontheathlete’sfaceforapain

responseinadditiontoaverbalresponse.

• assessforstrengthofinjuredlimbinmidrangeofmovement,asthisistheeasiestplaceformusclerecruitment.e.g.

• inthekneejointatthemiddlepointoffullextensionandfullflexion.

• useisometricmusclestrengthtestingbyaskingathletetopushagainstthetherapistandresisttheexternalforce.

• alwayskeepaneyeontheathlete’sfaceforapainresponseinadditiontoaverbalresponse.

Responding to injuries and medical conditions10.1*GCE/A-level only

KEY WORDS

Definition

SALTAPS• Thetherapist mayhavealreadyseentheinjuryhappen

e.g.

__

__

___

____

_____movement

_______movement

_______

• clarifywhathappenedtocausetheacuteinjury.• asktheathlete questionstogetmoredetailsoftheleveland

areaofpaine.g.

•

•

•

• lookattheareaofpainand theareaaroundit.• checkforsignsandsymptomsofa______injury.• ________ leftandrightlimbtolookfordifferences

e.g.•••

• t________ gentlyallareasaroundtheinjuredjoint.• startonthe________sidetowherethepainhasbeen

identified.• t________ areaofpainlast.Ifthisareaist________firstit

cancreateapositivepainresponsetootherareasastheinjuredareahasbeenaggravated.

• alwayskeepaneyeontheathlete’s______forapainresponseinadditiontoaverbalresponse.

(________ movingjoint)• assessther______o__m______aroundtheinjured

joint.• ask________ tomoveinjuredlimbasfarasis

comfortableforthem.• askiftheyhadtostopbecauseofpainorbecauseof

stiffnesstothejoint.• ________ r______o__m______ofinjuredlimb

withoppositelimb.

(the________movingjoint)• assesstherangeofmovementaroundtheinjuredjointby

the_______movingjointtoremoveactivationofmuscles.• athletemust______completelyandlet________know

whentostop.• askiftheyhadtostopbecauseofpainorbecauseof

stiffnesstothejoint.• comparer______o__m______ofinjuredlimbwith

oppositelimb.• alwayskeepaneyeontheathlete’s______forapain

responseinadditiontoaverbalresponse.

• assessfors______ofinjured limbinmidrangeofmovement,asthisistheeasiestplaceformusclerecruitment.e.g.

•

• use________musclestrengthtestingbyaskingathletetopushagainstthetherapist andresisttheexternal force.

• alwayskeepaneyeontheathlete’s ______forapainresponseinaddition toaverbalresponse.

Fill inthedefinition inthebox.

Fill inthegaps.

Fill inthegaps.

Giveane.g..

Give3e.g.sofquestionsthetherapistmightask.

Give3e.g.sofsignsandsymptomsthetherapistmightlookfor.

Giveane.g..

Rehabilitationofinjury– treatments:Heat,coldandcontrasttherapies11.6*GCE/A-levelonly

Heat

KEY WORDS

Definition

Cold• improvestreatmentofsofttissueinjuries.• providespainrelief.• vasodilationofbloodvessels.• increasesbloodflowtoinjuredsite.

• providesanalgesia,deceasingpain.• vasoconstrictionofbloodvessels.• decreasesswelling.

• increasesbleedingandswellingifappliedinfirst24hoursofacuteinjury.

• burns.

• iceburns.• superficialnervedamage.

• warmshowerorbath.• heatpacks.• applyfor15minutes.• checkforrednessafter5minutes.

• cryotherapy.• icepacks.• icewraps.

• icemassage.• icebaths.• gamereadysystems.• applyfor5-10minutes.

Analgesia

Contrasttherapies

‘gameready’systems

asystemthatcombinescirculatingcoldwater

aroundaninjuredjointorlimbwhilealsoapplying

intermittentcompression.

• deceasesswellingbyalternatingheatandcold.• providespainrelief.• increasesbloodflowtoinjuredsite.

• increasesbleedingandswellingifusedinfirst24hoursofacuteinjuryduetoheatphase.

• burns.

• hotbathtocoldbath.• 4minuteshot/1minutecold.• repeat3-7times.• alwaysfinishwithcoldtoencouragevasoconstriction.

relieffrompain.

Vasodilation

adecreaseinsympathetic

stimulation causesawideningoftheblood

vessel.

Vasoconstriction

anincreaseinsympathetic

stimulation causesanarrowing oftheblood

vessel.

Cryotherapy

theuseofextremecoldtotreata

varietyofsofttissuedamage.

Goodtreatmentfor:

• stressfractures.• dislocation.• sprain.• torncartilage.• exerciseinducedmuscle

damage.

• ________ swellingbyalternating______and______.• provides________relief.• ________ bloodflowtoinjuredsite.

Rehabilitationofinjury– treatments:Heat,coldandcontrasttherapies11.6*GCE/A-levelonly

Heat

KEY WORDS

Definition

Cold• improvestreatmentof________tissueinjuries.• provides________relief.• vas________ ofbloodvessels.• ________ bloodflowtoinjuredsite.

• providesanalgesia,deceasing________.• vaso________ ofbloodvessels.• ________ swelling.

• ________ bleedingandswellingifappliedinfirst____hoursofacuteinjury.

• burns.

• ________ burns.• superficialnervedamage.

• warmshowerorbath.• heatpacks.• applyfor____minutes.• checkforrednessafter5minutes.

• cryotherapy.• icepacks.• icewraps.

• icemassage.• icebaths.• gamereadysystems.• applyfor____- ____minutes.

Analgesia

Contrasttherapies

‘gameready’systems

• ________ bleedingandswellingifusedinfirst24hoursofacuteinjuryduetoheatphase.

• burns.

• hotbathtocoldbath.• ____minuteshot/____minutecold.• repeat____- ____times.• alwaysfinishwithcoldtoencouragevaso________.

Vasodilation Vasoconstriction Cryotherapy

Goodtreatmentfor:

• s________f________.• d________.• s________.• t________c________.• e________i________

m________d________.

Fillinthedefinitionsintheboxes.

Fill inthegaps.

Fill inthegaps.

Fill inthegaps.