salient features of tribal economy
DESCRIPTION
Tribal economic system: the native americans of Confederated Tribes of Umatilla Indian Reservation (Oregon - USA). Salient features of Tribal Economy. ‘Total’ (tribal) vs. ‘Complex’ (modern): the all-pervasive magico-religious phenomenon - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Tribal economic system: the native americans of Confederated Tribes of Umatilla Indian Reservation (Oregon - USA)
Salient features of Tribal Economy
• ‘Total’ (tribal) vs. ‘Complex’ (modern): the all-pervasive magico-religious phenomenon
• ‘Face-to-face’ community: traditional norms, social control
• Tribal ownership: in-alienablity of the natural resources
• Tribal exchange: role and status, reciprocity, barter, gift and ceremonial exchanges
• Tribal authority: traditional legitimacy, gerontocracy• Transition to modernity
HABITAT: a quick view
HABITAT: selected information
172 acres between North-East Oregon, South-East Washington and West Idaho
Climate: continental cold-temperate
Two river basins: Columbia River and Snake River
Landscape: hilly and mountainous
Rich vegetation (flora and fauna diversity)
Moderate infrastructure
COMMUNITY: a quick view
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Population: 2,927 (2000)
Male: 48,3% Female: 51,7%
Median age: 35,2
Population growth rate (1990 – 2000): 17%
Number of householders: 1,013
Age composition (on total population, 2000)
0 – 21 years: 42%22 – 64 years: 52%65 and older: 6%
BUSINESS: a quick view
Fishery
Tourism Commercial activities, light industries
Gambling
BUSINESS: selected information
In labor force population (2000): 64.8%
Unemployed population (2000): 4,7%
Less than $10.000 income households (1999): 12,1%
Median household income: $37,827
Poverty status families (1999): 12%
Poverty status individuals (1999): 15.8%
INSTITUTIONS: selected information
Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation is a union of three tribes: Cayuse, Umatilla, and Walla Walla.Decision on: health and human services, natural resources, economic and community development, tribal services, education, fire protection and police.
Regional Government: Umatilla County
Some actors in the region:Fish and Wildlife Commission (land-use policy and management)Old Celilo Fish Committee (inter-tribal association for fish resources management)Columbia River Inter Tribal Fish Commission (
ETHOS: a quick view
Indian tipical tent
Traditional clothing
Drums session
ETHOS: selected information
Historical inhabitants of the Columbia River system
Many events held at the Tribal Longhouse are ceremonies that often involve elements of traditional religion. Examples include Root Feast, funerals, weddings, and namings.
Cultural traits
music: many religious songs honoring births, deaths and the changing of the seasons
gastronomy: salmon, kowsh (couse root), berries
craft: utensils, clothing and tools mainly made from wood, stone and bone
Marginal economy: the nomadic herders of the extreme lands (Olziit soum, Arkhangai aimag, Mongolia)
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Total area surface: 172000 hectares
Mountains: Bayanbaishir, Norjinchamba, Bayanhairhan, Dulaanhairhan, TahiltRivers: the biggest river of the soum is the Orkhon river; there are some other smaller river, in particular the Bodont and the Kharkhiraa river; Wild animals: deer, wild boar, antelopes, siberian ibex, wild sheep, marmot, sable, wolf, polar fox, fox and squirrel; wild cat; dorgo; fishForest: the main forest are situated in the north and northwest of the soum area and they are made of mainly birches and larches.Mineral: the soum doesn’t have any mining sites, but the ground has trace of plumbum; stones and sand are utilized as building materials.
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Population, 2009
Natural movement of population, 2009
Major health related problems The main human diseases and mortality are related to:heart and blood circulation system (high blood pressure);kidneys and liver; digestive system;apoplexy and nervous system disease.
BUSINESS: a quick view
Farming
Handicraft and woolCommerce and services
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In labor force population (2009): 49,4%
Employed population in primary sector (200): 82,1%
Employed population in secondary sector (200): 0,1%
Employed population in tertiary sector (200): 17,1%
Employed by age group, 2009
INSTITUTIONS: selected information
Mongolia is divided in:
- Province (Aimags) plus capital city (Ulaanbaatar) with provincial status
- Districts (Sums)
- Clusters of households (Bags)
ETHOS: a quick view
Ancient stone
Herder
Monastic temple
ETHOS: selected information
Historically, the people (uuld) in Ulziit soum are originated from the Western Mongolia. Offically, the Ulziit Soum, Arkhangai aimag, established in 1931, with 512 households in 7 bags.
Main cultural resourcesAncient traditions reminiscence of the Bronze Age (i.e. Deer stone)4 monuments of Turkish empires.Two old Buddhist temples, built in 1843. Ethnicity: 99% of Oold, 1% of of Khalh Religious tradition: Buddhist