COMPARISON ON SECURITY MEASUREMENT

WITHIN TWO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

SAFETY & SECURITY

AMIDEE AZIZAN

Intro• The most important security measures at an airport is such as

confirming the identity of travellers. This is done by checking a photo ID, such as a driver's license. If you are traveling internationally, you need to present your passport. There's also security check before embark and disembarking passenger and luggage.

Type of security check

Body Screening using Metal Detector Gate Baggage scanning using X-ray machine

Immigration

• Immigration responsible for:

• Monitor persons who leave or enter the country,

• Checking for appropriate documentation,• Arresting people wanted by international

arrest warrants.• Block the entry of dangerous people to the

country.

Custom

• Customs responsible for :

• The processing of people, carriers, cargo, and mail into and out of the country.(including animals & hazardous items)

• The proper collection of taxes, fees, penalties for imported items.

• The prohibition of narcotics and illegal drugs.

Comparison security measurement on two airport

Changi International Airport &

Johannesburg International Airport

Security measurementWHAT ARE THE MEASURES?• The measures restrict the amount of liquids, aerosols and gels

that passengers can carry in hand-carry luggage on all flights departing from Changi Airport. The guideline are– Liquids, aerosols and gels must be in containers with a

maximum capacity of not more than 100ml each.– Containers must be placed in a transparent re-sealable

plastic bag with a maximum capacity not exceeding 1-litre.– Each passenger is allowed to carry only one transparent re-

sealable plastic bag, which must be presented separately for examination;

– Exemptions will be made for medications, baby food and special dietary items. These items will be subjected to additional checks at the security screening point.

Continue..

• WHY HAVE THE SECURITY MEASURES BEEN IMPLEMENTED?– International Civil Aviation Organization's (ICAO) recommendation- made after the United Kingdom

(UK) aviation terror plot in August 2006.

• DO THE MEASURES APPLY TO BOTH ARRIVING AND DEPARTING FLIGHTS AND AT WHICH AIRPORTS IN SINGAPORE?

– The measures apply to departing flights only

• WHEN WERE THE MEASURES IMPLEMENTED?– The measures were implemented on 8 May 2007.

• ENSURE A SMOOTH TRANSITION THROUGH THE SECURITY SCREENING POINTS?– To facilitate their check-in and security screening processes, passengers are advised to pack all liquid, aerosol and

gel items appropriately before arriving at the airport.

• Passengers are encouraged to check in for their flight 2 to 3 hours before their flight

Check In• Passengers are advised to check in for their flights early. Most airlines start

operating their Check-in counters at least 2 hours before flight departure. Before proceeding to the Check-in counters, have your own valid passport, valid visa (if necessary) and air ticket ready. If you have an e-ticket, bring along a print-out of your e-ticket.

• All checked baggage will be screened by airport security. Passengers should not pack any weapons, combustible items, explosive materials, toxic or other dangerous substances into their Check-in baggage. This luggage will be screened before passengers board the plane. Passengers may be required to have their checked baggage undergo further security screening if deemed necessary.

• All passengers will go through metal detector for body screening before boarding the aircraft

• Departing passengers are checked at the entrance of the gate rather than after immigration . This security measure is easily noticed by the presence of X-Ray machines and metal detectors at every gate which is not normally seen at other airports.

Continue..

• Upon arrival at the airport, please refer to the Flight Information Boards and Plasma Screens (conveniently located beyond the Departure Hall entryways) for your airline's check-in row information. Many airlines offer Early and Off-Airport Check-In options. For greater convenience, check-in "Off-Airport" anywhere you please via the internet or by phone. We invite you to check-in early at the airport and enjoy Changi's great transit facilities, food and beverages, and shopping!

Departure Check In Counter Layout

Immigration

• The Immigration Halls are located at the ground floor. There are two queuing areas - one is for Singaporeans and residents, the other would be for all nationalities. All foreign visitors are required to complete the disembarkation/embarkation (D/E) card and have valid travel documents and visa (if applicable) before proceeding for immigration clearance.

Custom• Upon your arrival at the Singapore Changi Airport, your

baggage will be subjected to checks by the Immigration and Checkpoints Authority and other security agencies.

• Under Singapore law, prohibited items such as arms and explosives, bullet-proof clothing, antique guns, toy guns and swords etc require authorization from the Police Licensing & Regulatory Department of the Singapore Police Force.

• If you have prohibited items in your possession, please declare them and produce valid permits or authorization documents.

• Your understanding and cooperation will help speed up checkpoints clearance and prevent further verification by the authorities which may result in administrative and personal inconveniences.

• Police dog services for explosive detection, drug detection and other purposes

Airport Police Division

• The Airport Police Division was formed on 1 Nov 1970 when the State Police assumed the responsibility for airport security at Changi Airport - deal with ever changing security challenges

• Responsible for the maintenance of law and order which encompasses the Singapore Changi Airport - The Appropriate Authority for security at the airport.

• APD maintains Law regulated by Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS), Immigration & Checkpoints Authority ( ICA ) and other government agencies, as well as Changi Airport Group ( CAG )

Perimeter Gates/Fencing• Patrol teams of two soldiers and a police

officer armed with machine guns monitoring around the terminals at random.

• Also been Monitoring by CCTV• Install over 400 cameras to monitor the

airport• electric monitoring of the perimeter fence;

and the screening of personnel and cargo entering through the control gates

Johannesburg International Airport

The main focus on security measurement – They inspect goods, search passengers– Detect smuggling activities and monitor exit and

departure flows.– The Border Police operate on an information and

profiling system– Spot checks are also made on incoming and

outgoing cargo goods and passengers.

Custom & Check In Counter

• There is no x-ray scanner big enough to inspect an entire container(cargo)

• Currently the Border Police at the JIA have only hand-held x-ray scanners to search for drugs and explosives.

• Current pallet-sized x-ray scanner too small for the purposes of the police

Immigration

• The documentation verification system is still manual for passenger & cargo

• Information not centralize & not link– Border Police had no access to Customs to

get information

Other Security Issues

• Shortage of staff - Border Police at the JIA need more members who are specifically trained to undertake physical inspections.71 Because of the current shortage of trained personnel, not all profiled cargo and passengers documentation can be inspected accurately

• Didn’t Separate between domestic & international pax -The mixing of international and domestic cargo create more security problem

• Lack of scanner capacity.• No (walk-through metal detectors)• Poor fencing

Continue…• Poor reporting of security issues

– Smuggling detected by other security personnel goes unreported – poor link

• Lack of surveillance system for Freight and Terminal systems– No CCTV cameras linked to a central control room– Problem lost , damage , stolen luggage– Not enough CCTV cameras to cover their

operations• Poor organization structure

– Overlapping responsibility

Future Development

Demand for new technology in airport security increasing

General Electric (GE) started to develop the Secure Registered Traveler System. The new system would use newly developed technology such as automated carry-on scanning, automatic biological pathogen detection, millimeter-wave full body scanning and a quadrupole resonance carpet that would detect threats in shoes without having to take them off. The SRT program also works with smartcard technology along with fingerprint technology to help verify passengers. The fingerprint scanner also detects for explosive material traces on the person's fingers.

ConclusionInternational safety measures are in place

to protect you and your loved ones when travelling. It is important to comply with these measures, as failure to do so could endanger the safety of all passengers on board the aircraft. It is also an offence if you fail to comply with them. Safety and security is a top priority for all air travellers.

Statically speaking Air Transport still the safest way to travel……….

Clark Kent