Sachiko IshikawaSenior Advisor, Japan International Cooperation Agency

26 February 2015Phnom Penh, Cambodia

The Responsibility to Protect at 10: Progress, Challenges and Opportunities in the Asia Pacific

in the context of Japan’s Assistance to the Southeast Asia

2

1. Although there are clear distinctions between R2P and human security in the UN context, recent developments of R2P provide room to accommodate the actions of human security on the ground.

2. Aside from Japan’s political advocacy, there are some empirical evidences of Pillar II collaboration in the field.

3. Recent cabinet decision on Japan’s Development Cooperation Charter widens the range of development cooperation to include human rights and humanitarian assistance. This enables her development assistance (which is based on human security) to more tangibly contribute to Pillar II.

4. In the context of ASEAN, Japan’s new “Development Cooperation” is eligible to collaborate with ASEAN institutions such as AIPR and AICHR, aside from bilateral cooperation with the Member States.

1994 UNDP Human Development Report

1994 Rwanda1998-9 Kosovo

1999 Human Security Network

2000 CISS

2001 Report “The R2P”

2005 A/RES/60/1(World Summit)

2009 A/63/677 (three pillars)

2009 A/RES/63/308 2010 A/64/864

2011 A/65/877 –S2011/393 (global-regional)

2012 A/66/847-S/2012/578 (timely and decisive)

2013 A/67/929-S/2013/339 (state responsibility & prevention)

2014 A/68/947-S/2014/449 (international assistance)

Narrow but Deep

2000 Millennium Summit (MDGs)

1999 UN Trust Fund for HS($426 M)

1997-98 Asian Financial Crisis

2001-2 Commission on HS2003 “Human Security Now”

2005 A/RES/60/1(World Summit)2006 Friends of Human Security2010 A/64 /701

2012 A/66/ 763 (Common understanding & priority)

2012 A/RES/66/290(Common understanding on HS)2013 A/168/685

(A life of dignity for all)

No forceRespect state sovereignty

Collabora-tion ?

4

1. Assisting States to protect their populations

Japan’s participation in International Monitoring Team (IMT) in Mindanao

✔ Sovereignty equality

✔ Collective responsibility

✔ Common principles of assistance

✔ Partnerships

2. Dealing with past atrocities

Technical Assistance to Tuol Sleng Genocide Museum on museum management

Technical assistance to Timor Leste’s Truth & Reconciliation Commission, etc

5

CEASEFIRE IMPLEMENTATION

- Joint: 1 Core & - 7 reps each from 5 teams GPH & MILF - Coordinates - Coordinates

interdiction & ceasefireisolation of implementationcriminal elementsin MILFcommunities

- operates on basis - 13 teams; 5 members of shared per team information/data - Operating in 13

provinces- Fact-finding/inquiry work, local ceasefire monitoring

IMT Observes/Monitors implementation of

ceasefire

IMT Observes/Monitors implementation of

ceasefire

GPH-MILFAHJAG

GPH-MILFAHJAG

GPH-MILFCCCH

GPH-MILFCCCH

LMT

International Contact Group (ICG) – UK, Japan,

Turkey, KSA,TAF, CHD, CR, OIC and

Muhammadiyah

HOMHOM

Deputy HOM

SECURITY COMPONENT

EU (1) *-1MALAYSIA (1)INDONESIA (1)

SOCIO-ECONOMIC

ASSISTANCECOMPONENT

JAPAN (2)

CIVILIAN PROTECTION COMPONENT

MALAYSIA (2)MPC, NP,MOGOP,

MINHRAC

HUMANITARIAN REHAB & DEV’T

COMPONENT

TEAM SITE 1COTABATO CITY

TEAM SITE 2ILIGAN CITY

TEAM SITE 3ZAMBOANGA

CITY

TEAM SITE 4GENSAN CITY

TEAM SITE 5DAVAO CITY

8

9

Cabinet decision on the Development Cooperation Charter on 10 February 2015

1.“Development” is used in a broader sense: its also encompasses peacebuilding and governance, promotion of basic human rights and humanitarian assistance.

2.Basic policies of the Charter are “non-military basis”, “human security” and “self-help”

3.Coordination with international peace cooperation activities is emphasized

4.Proactive collaboration with international organizations in humanitarian assistance, peacebuilding, governance and global issues.

5.ASEAN is one of the priority areas for Japan’s development cooperation. Aside from “ASEAN Connectivity” and “IAI”, Japan will promote cooperation with ASEAN as a regional organization to support united efforts to tackle its challenges

✔ Cooperation with AIPR and AICHR is possible

10

1. There is a big potential for States promoting “human Security” to extend effective collaboration under Pillar II of R2P. We might need a clear narrative in terms of this new development .

2. As for Japan, collaboration under Pillar II is already taking place in real life situations. Aside from this, Development Cooperation Charter has widened the scope of “development” and reconfirmed the enhancement of PKO cooperation as well as collaboration with international organizations in humanitarian assistance, peacebuilding, governance and global issues. This is a clear sign of Japan’s contribution to Pillar II.

3. Japan’s continuous collaboration with ASEAN could enter a new phase by working with ASEAN institutions such as AIPR and AICHR. This could also be considered her contribution to capacity-building in the context of Pillar II.