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North East Link ProjectContamination Impact Assessment

Templestowe Road Soccer Facilities (27 – 59 Templestowe Road Bulleen)

Prepared for North East Link

May 2023

Executive SummaryOverview

The North East Link has undergone an extensive and robust planning and environmental assessment process. As part of this original approvals phase, North East Link Project (NELP) published and received public comment on:

— An Environment Effects Statement (EES) that presented an integrated assessment of the potential environmental, social, economic and planning impacts of the Project, and the proposed approach to managing these impacts. The EES included proposed Environmental Performance Requirements (EPRs) to avoid, manage and mitigate identified risks as part of the EES.

— A Planning Scheme Amendment (PSA) to facilitate the use and development of the Project as well as establishing a mechanism to protect the tunnels and associated infrastructure from potential adverse effects of development in their vicinity.

— A Works Approval Application (WAA) for the installation of a the road tunnel ventilation system under Victoria’s Environment Protection Act 1970 that considers the relevant environmental aspects of the tunnel ventilation system and provides a detailed discussion to demonstrate that the proposed Project reflects best practice.

— Additional documents for approval including a Cultural Heritage Management Plan (CHMP) (not exhibited publicly) and a Public Environment Report (PER) for works involving matters of national environmental significance (MNES) and works on Commonwealth land.

The relocation of impacted sport and recreation facilities is required as a consequence of the North East Link. It is proposed to relocate the existing Bulleen Park Soccer facilities to a new Site at 27 - 59 Templestowe Road Bulleen. The relocation Site includes two properties (the Bulleen Golf Driving Range at 37-59 Templestowe Road and adjacent Parks Victoria public land at 27-33 Templestowe Road) in Bulleen, collectively described as 27-59 Templestowe Road (The Site).

To provide planning approval for the redevelopments, NELP will request the Minister for Planning prepare, adopt and approve a Planning Scheme Amendment (PSA), under section 20(4) of the Planning and Environment Act 1987, to the Manningham Planning Scheme. The PSA would apply the Templestowe Road Soccer Facilities Incorporated Document, April 2020 (the Incorporated Document) and associated Specific Controls Overlay Schedule to the site. NELP will also request the Minister for Planning vary the designated project area under the Major Transport Project Facilitation Act 2009 to apply to the site.

This Contamination Impact Assessment has been prepared to inform the North East Link Project’s (NELP) draft Planning Scheme Amendment (PSA) C132mann, which seeks to facilitate the proposed Templestowe Road Soccer Facilities (the Project).

The purpose of this report is to assess the potential contaminated soil and groundwater impacts associated with the redevelopment of the Site to support the proposed PSA to apply to the Site. This report also provides recommendations for the redevelopment that will inform the conditions to be prescribed in the Incorporated Document for the Site.

Preliminary field investigations

Preliminary soil and groundwater investigations were undertaken at the Site as part of the NELP. These preliminary investigations allowed for assessment for potential contaminants of

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concern and confirmation of observations made during the desktop study. The investigation consisted of collection of soil and groundwater samples from geotechnical boreholes and environmental sample points. Limited sampling was included as part of the preliminary field investigations scope of work. Data gaps exist at the Site where soil and groundwater data has not been collected and is considered a limitation of this report. Further assessment of these areas may be required at the detailed design stage and prior to redevelopment works.

Templestowe Road Soccer Facilities

The review of historical land use at the Site indicated that the Site was generally used for agricultural purposes until approximately 1984. Agricultural operations are associated with the potential use of pesticides/herbicides and fertilizers. A former brick works facility that was historically located adjacent to the south of the Site, and its associated historical manufacturing processes, had the potential to impact groundwater quality at the Site.

Contaminants of concern identified in the area investigated at the Site included the following:

o Low concentrations of organochlorine (OC) pesticides were detected in soil at three bore locations.

o PFAS were detected in two soil sample locations.

It is noted that groundwater quality at the Site has not been assessed.

Impact assessment

An impact assessment was undertaken for the construction and operation of the proposed Master Plan at this Site. The impacts associated with construction and operation of the proposed Master Plan include:

— Contaminated soil

— Acid sulfate soil/rock

— Asbestos materials within spoil

— Waste materials and unknown contamination

— Odours

— Vapours and underground gases

— Fuel and chemical spills

— Contaminated groundwater and contaminant migration.

The following recommendation should be included on any planning consent related to the Site to reduce the potential effects on receptors.

Recommendations for mitigation

The impacts can be mitigated to reduce the potential effects on potential receptors through the development and implementation of prescriptive management plans including a spoil management plan (SMP), construction environmental management plan (CEMP) and a groundwater management plan if applicable. These management plans must prescribe the recommended mitigations for the potential impacts identified for the Site.

— A SMP should be developed in accordance with relevant regulations, standards and best practice guidelines to mitigate impacts associated with exposing and managing potentially impacted material during construction activities. The SMP must include processes and measures to manage spoil, define roles and responsibilities.

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— A CEMP should be developed to mitigate impacts associated with construction activities and management of contaminated material during development of the Site.

— If groundwater is expected to be encountered during construction activities, or used during operation of the Site post-construction, a groundwater management plan should be developed to protect groundwater quality and manage any interception of groundwater. The groundwater management plan must contain measures and/or controls to minimise groundwater inflow to excavations during construction and groundwater drawdown, including contingency measures to monitor and identify if adverse impacts are occurring.

Should other impacts be encountered during construction or operation where mitigations are not prescribed, the relevant management document(s) must be amended after consultation with a qualified environmental professional.

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Table of contents1. Introduction.............................................................................................................................................

1.1 Project background............................................................................................................

1.2 Purpose of this report.........................................................................................................

2. Relevant Legislation, Policy and Guidelines...........................................................................................

2.1 Commonwealth legislation..................................................................................................

2.2 Victorian legislation and guidelines....................................................................................

2.3 Environment Protection Amendment Act 2018...................................................................

3. Methodology...........................................................................................................................................

3.1 Existing conditions..............................................................................................................

3.2 Impact assessment.............................................................................................................

3.3 Recommendation for mitigation..........................................................................................

4. Project Description..................................................................................................................................

5. Existing Conditions.................................................................................................................................

5.2 Review of historical information........................................................................................

5.3 Soil quality investigation...................................................................................................

5.4 Data gaps.........................................................................................................................

5.5 Quality assurance and quality control...............................................................................

6. Impact Assessment..............................................................................................................................

7. Recommendations for mitigation..........................................................................................................

7.1 Contaminated soil.............................................................................................................

7.2 Acid sulfate soil/rock.........................................................................................................

7.3 Asbestos materials within spoil.........................................................................................

7.4 Waste materials and unknown contamination..................................................................

7.5 Odours..............................................................................................................................

7.6 Vapour and underground gases.......................................................................................

7.7 Fuel/chemical spills..........................................................................................................

7.8 Contaminated groundwater and contaminant migration...................................................

8. Summary and Conclusion.....................................................................................................................

8.1 Recommendations for mitigation......................................................................................

Table indexTable 5-1 Site location and description...............................................................................................

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Table 5-2 Site location and general description..................................................................................

Table 5-3 Summary of the groundwater database search..................................................................

Table 5-4 Summary of the former waste management facilities and landfills...................................

Table 5-5 Review of historical aerial photographs............................................................................

Table 5-6 Summary of site history....................................................................................................

Figure indexFigure 1 Templestowe Road Soccer Facilities - site boundary...............................................................

Figure 2 Proposed Templestowe Road Soccer Facilities Master Plan...................................................

AppendicesAppendix A – Database search reports and results

Appendix B – Photographic log

Appendix C – Figures

Appendix D – Tabulated analytical results

Appendix E – Sampling methodology

Appendix F – Borehole logs

Appendix G – QA/QC tables

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1. Introduction1.1 Project backgroundThe North East Link has undergone an extensive and robust planning and environmental assessment process. As part of this original approvals phase, North East Link Project (NELP) published and received public comment on:

• An Environment Effects Statement (EES) that presented an integrated assessment of the potential environmental, social, economic and planning impacts of the project, and the proposed approach to managing these impacts. The EES included an Environmental Management Framework (EMF) containing proposed Environmental Performance Requirements (EPRs) to avoid, manage and mitigate identified risks as part of the EES.

• A Planning Scheme Amendment (PSA) to facilitate the use and development of the project, as well as, establishing a mechanism to protect the tunnels and associated infrastructure from potential adverse effects of development in their vicinity.

• A Works Approval Application (WAA) for the installation of a the road tunnel ventilation system under Victoria’s Environment Protection Act 1970 that considers the relevant environmental aspects of the tunnel ventilation system and provides a detailed discussion to demonstrate that the proposed project reflects best practice.

• Additional documents for approval including a Cultural Heritage Management Plan (CHMP) (not exhibited publicly) and a Public Environment Report (PER) for works involving matters of national environmental significance (MNES) and works on Commonwealth land.

As a consequence of the North East Link, the relocation of impacted sport and recreation facilities is required. It is proposed to relocate the existing Bulleen Park Soccer facilities to a new Site at 27 - 59 Templestowe Road Bulleen. The relocation Site includes two properties (the Bulleen Golf Driving Range at 37-59 Templestowe Road and adjacent Parks Victoria public land at 27-33 Templestowe Road) in Bulleen, collectively described as 27-59 Templestowe Road (The Site).

To provide planning approval for the redevelopment, NELP will request the Minister for Planning prepare, adopt and approve a Planning Scheme Amendment (PSA), under section 20(4) of the Planning and Environment Act 1987, to the Manningham Planning Scheme. The PSA would apply the Templestowe Road Soccer Facilities Incorporated Document, April 2020 (the Incorporated Document) and associated Specific Controls Overlay Schedule to the Site. NELP will also request the Minister for Planning vary the designated Project area under the Major Transport Project Facilitation Act 2009 to apply to the Site.

1.2 Purpose of this reportThe purpose of this report is to assess the likelihood of contaminated soil and groundwater being present at the Site and the potential impacts on the redevelopment of the Site. This report also provides recommendations for the redevelopments to inform the conditions to be prescribed in the Incorporated Document for the Site.

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2. Relevant Legislation, Policy and GuidelinesThe key legislation, policy and guidelines that apply to the contamination and soil impact assessment for North East Link are summarised below.

2.1 Commonwealth legislation— National Environmental Protection (Assessment of Site Contamination) Measure 1999

(‘ASC NEPM’), as amended in 2013. Developed and issued by the National Environment Protection Council (NEPC) under the National Environment Protection Council Act 1994

— Work Health and Safety Act 2011 and Work health and Safety Regulations 2011

— PFAS National Environment Management Plan, February 2018 (and Draft Version 2, March 2020)

2.2 Victorian legislation and guidelines— Environment Protection Act 1970 (EP Act)

— Environment Protection Amendment Act 2018 (see further discussion in Section 2.3) (EP Amendment Act)

— EPA Victoria (2014), Environmental Auditor (contaminated land): Guidelines for issue of certificates and statements of environmental audit

— State Environment Protection Policy (Prevention and Management of Contamination of Land)

— State Environment Protection Policy (Waters).

— The Environment Protection (Industrial Waste Resource) Regulations 2009

— Industrial Waste Management Policy (Waste Acid Sulfate Soils) 1999

— The Industrial Waste Resource Guidelines (IWRG)

2.3 Environment Protection Amendment Act 2018In 2017 the EPA Victoria (EPA) released the Environment Protection Amendment Act 2018 (the EP Amendment Act 2018) in response to its review of the EP Act 1970. The EP Amendment Act 2018 is expected to take effect in July 2020 and is therefore relevant to this Project.

The EP Amendment Act 2018 includes a new approach to environmental issues focusing on preventing waste and pollution impacts rather than managing those impacts after they have occurred. The Act also includes the concept of “general environmental duty” (GED) which requires people to undertake reasonably practicable steps to eliminate, or otherwise reduce, risks of harm to human health and the environment from pollution and waste. Unlike similar laws in other states and territories, a breach of the GED could lead to criminal or civil penalties, similar to those currently outlined in the Occupational Health and Safety Act 2004.

The EP Amendment Act provides that waste in Victoria must be classified to meet waste duties under Parts 6.4 and 6.5 of that Act. To achieve this, waste is to be classified in accordance with regulations 61 and 62 and 66 to 69 of the Environment Protection Regulations – Exposure Draft (draft Regulations), which are also under review. It is noted that the updated waste categories are not finalised and could be subject to revisions.

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The EPA produced a consultation draft in September 2019 detailing the criteria to define the new waste categories:

— Waste disposal categories – characteristics and thresholds, Draft for consultation, September 2019 (Consultation Draft).

Under the EP Amendment Act 2018, waste can be:

— Industrial Waste (IW) – a broad category covering all waste

— Priority Waste (PW) – an industrial waste which requires additional controls due to its higher level of hazard, potential to be mismanaged, or to encourage resource recovery or efficiency.

— Reportable priority waste – a subset of priority waste that carries the highest level of controls. It is reserved for waste types with the highest levels of risk. Soil containing asbestos is a Reportable priority waste which contains asbestos as the only contaminant.

Contaminated soil is considered a ‘priority waste’ and must be classified as either:

— Category A

— Category B

— Category C

— Category D

— Fill Material (also commonly known as ‘clean fill’)

— Soil containing asbestos only.

Category A, B and C are consistent with those detailed in the Environment Protection (Industrial Waste Resource) Regulations 2009 (IWR Regulations). Category D is proposed to allow for alternative use of the soil and falls between Category C and Fill Material. Threshold levels for contaminants that define the categories are provided in the Consultation Draft. Category A, B, C, D, and soil containing asbestos only are reportable priority wastes under the draft Regulations.

The main purpose of the Category D designation is to reduce the volume of soil being disposed to landfills (although it may still be sent to landfills) by allowing this low level contaminated soil to be safely contained at the same project site where the soil was unearthed. Containment of the Category D soils on the unearthing site will be subject to a five-year permit and site management orders, including an appropriate container. Due to the application of a site management order, Category D soil that is reused in this way will be considered a Reportable PW. No information is provided in the draft Regulations regarding what constitutes an appropriate container; however, it may be reasonable to assume the containment location may need to be designed with respect to requirements set out in EPA Publication 788.3 Siting, design, operation and rehabilitation of landfills (Landfill BPEM). Advice will need to be refined as more information becomes available on the Regulations and compliance code that will replace the Landfill BPEM. This advice will likely be provided during the process of obtaining site management orders and/or through consultation with the EPA.

The EPA have provided interim reuse criteria for PFAS-impacted soil in:

— Publication 1669.3 Interim position statement on PFAS

It is understood that PFAS results falling below the criteria can be considered for unrestricted reuse. Material above the criteria will require classification by the EPA which will be based largely on leachability. The EPA has not released leachability criteria to date.

Guidance on the reuse of PFAS soil is provided in:


— Heads of EPAs Australia and New Zealand, PFAS National Environment Plan, 2018 and draft version 2 released in 2019 (PFAS NEMP)


3. Methodology3.1 Existing conditionsThe assessment of existing conditions was conducted in general accordance with the ASC NEPM. The ASC NEPM recommends a staged approach to site contamination assessment with each stage informing subsequent stages. The first stage involves a preliminary site investigation (PSI) to identify the site characteristics (site location, Aboriginal heritage considerations, site layout, building construction, geological setting, historical land uses and activities at the site) and a site inspection. The ASC NEPM requires the PSI to be sufficient to enable assessment of potential contaminants of concern and the identification of areas of potential contamination.

The PSI may be supplemented with preliminary sampling of various media such as soil, groundwater, and surface water. Although not necessary, this sampling can provide some confirmation of the presence of contaminants of concern and can inform appropriate health and safety plans for future work at the Site.

The work conducted for this report essentially constitutes a PSI with some supporting sampling data.

The existing conditions were assessed by reviewing publicly available information (desktop review) supported by Site walkovers and preliminary Site investigations that involved collection of soil and groundwater samples.

3.2 Impact assessmentThe methodology for the impact assessment included:

— Summarising existing conditions with respect to potentially contaminated land (including landfills), acid sulfate soils and groundwater, including specific information on potential sources of contamination.

— Identifying potential impacts of the construction and operation of the Project at the Site, including disturbance of contaminated soil and acid sulfate soils and rocks, treatment and disposal options, spills or leaks, and release of vapours or ground gases.

— Identification of potential receptors of contamination exposed or released to the environment thorough construction and operation activities. These include both human and ecological receptors including local residents and surface water receiving bodies.

— Identification of the migration pathways and exposure routes by which contamination exposed or released by construction or operation activities enters human and ecological receptors. Possible exposure routes for humans and terrestrial and aquatic organisms are ingestion, inhalation, and/or dermal sorption. Each is dependent of the chemical involved and its properties.

3.3 Recommendation for mitigationThe recommendations for mitigation of the impacts are based on standard practice and applicable regulatory guidelines and standards.


4. Project DescriptionThe Site includes two properties (the Bulleen Golf Driving Range at 37-59 Templestowe Road and adjacent Parks Victoria public land at 27-33 Templestowe Road) in Bulleen, collectively described as 27-59 Templestowe Road (The Site). A Master Plan has been developed for the Site that proposes the redevelopment of the Site into a multi-purpose sporting facility to provide alternative sport and recreation facilities for the current users of Bulleen Park, described as the ‘Templestowe Road Soccer Facilities Master Plan’ or ‘the Project’.

The new facilities proposed to be developed on Site will comprise three soccer fields, a pavilion, clubrooms, new shared use paths, bicycle parking facilities, and car parking.

Figure 1 shows the existing conditions and the property boundary at 27 – 59 Templestowe Road Bulleen. Figure 2 shows the proposed Master Plan.

Figure 1 Templestowe Road Soccer Facilities - site boundary


Figure 2 Proposed Templestowe Road Soccer Facilities Master Plan

5. Existing ConditionsThe Site location information and legal description at the time of reporting, is presented in Table 5-1.

Table 5-1 Site location and descriptionCivic Address 27 – 59 Templestowe Road Bulleen, VIC 3105

Occupier(s) Bulleen Golf Driving Range

Property Description The vast majority of the total Site area is open space used as part of the golf driving range. The south western portion of the Site was generally unused and overgrown with tall grass. An office and maintenance building is present on the southern portion of the Site. A car park, practice-putting surface and a structure to cover golfing customers are present near the office building. Two residential buildings are also present on the southern boundary of the Site.

Eastings/Northings

(GDA94 / MGA Zone 55)

331722.51 m E , 5819574.83 m S

(approximate centre of the Site)

Area 83,018 square metres (m2) – approximately 8.3 hectares (ha)

Lot and Plan Number Lot 1, Plan TP828874

Lot 2, Plan TP828874

Lot RES1, Plan PS349396 (Allotment 15, Section A, PP2264) – noted as Crown or Commonwealth Land

Zoning –

Source of information and overlay locations shown in the Lotsearch database report presented in Appendix A.

The Site: Public Park and Recreational Zone (PPRZ)

Urban Floodway Zone (UFZ)

Rural Conservation Zone – Schedule 1 (RCZ1)

Surrounding Properties: North: Public Conservation and Resource Zone (PCRZ)


Civic Address 27 – 59 Templestowe Road Bulleen, VIC 3105

South: Road Zone – Category 1 (RDZ1), followed by General Residential Zone – Schedule 3 (GRZ3)

East: Public Park and Recreation Zone (PPRZ)

West: Special Use Zone – Schedule 1 (SUZ1) and Industrial 1 Zone (IN1Z)

Planning Overlays –


Overlays designated for the Site include:

Land Subject to Inundation Overlay (LSIO)

Environmental Significance Overlay – Schedule 2 & 3 (ESO2 / ESO3)

Significant Landscape Overlay – Schedule 2 (SLO2)

Design And Development Overlay - Schedule 2-C (DDO2-C)

Public Acquisition Overlay 2 & 4 Schedule (PAO2 / PAO4)

Heritage Overlays –

Source: State Government Victoria - Department of Environment, Land, Water & Planning (VicPlan)

No Commonwealth Heritage, National Heritage or Victorian Heritage items are registered at the Site.

Cultural Heritage Sensitivity exists across the northern and eastern portions of the Site.

Additional information and overlay locations are shown in the Lotsearch database report presented in Appendix A.

Natural Hazard Overlays –


The northern portion of the Site is in the designated Bushfire Prone Area and most of the Site falls within a zone of 1 in 100 year flood extent.

Ecological Constraints –


Ecological constraints exist at the Site in various locations and include native vegetation, groundwater dependant ecosystems and inflow dependent ecosystems.

Additional information and overlay locations are shown in the Lotsearch database report provided in Appendix A.

Current Land Use Public Open Space (recreation facility)

Surrounding Land Use North: Yarra River, followed by Banyule Flats Reserve Parkland

East: Birrarrung Parkland

South: Templestowe Road, followed by low-density residential housing

West: Sonoco manufacturing facility and the Yarra Valley Country Club golf course

Topography and Drainage In general, there is a slope towards Yarra River at the northern boundary of the Site.

Vegetation Vegetation at the Site includes moderate to large size trees and shrubs delineating the driving range area. There is also riparian vegetation running in an east to west direction along the Yarra River at the northern boundary of the Site. The remaining areas of the Site generally consist of manicured grass and shrubs.

5.1.1 Geology and hydrogeologyGeological and hydrogeological descriptions of the Site are presented in Table 5-2.


Table 5-2 Site location and general description

Item Source Description

Geology Geological Units Map (1:50,000) from the Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources

Surficial geology of the Site is likely predominately composed of alluvium gravels, sands and silt deposits from between the Pleistocene to Holocene age.

Hydrogeology Hydrogeology Map of Australia – Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)

Regional groundwater in the area is expected to flow in northerly direction towards the Yarra River which is located at the northern edge of the Site.

5.1.2 State groundwater database searchLotsearch conducted a search of the Victorian Groundwater Database on the 19 December 2019 for registered wells within a 2 km radius of the Site. The search showed that 45 registered groundwater bores exist within the 2 km radius of the Site and a summary table is provided in Appendix A. One well was located within a 0.5 km radius of the Site and details are summarised in Table 5-3 below. No bores were registered at the Site.

Table 5-3 Summary of the groundwater database searchBore ID Distance

from SiteDepth

(m)Completion

DateBore Type Use Main Lithology

WRK983843 389 m east

72 12/03/2008 Groundwater Domestic 0 - 34 m: Yellow mudstone34 - 72 m: Black shale

5.1.3 Groundwater qualityNo groundwater salinity data is available from the Site. However, broad-scale mapping of groundwater salinity, reported as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), was completed by GHD (2012) and DCNR (1995). This mapping indicated the regional groundwater salinity at the Site is in the range of 1,000 mg/L TDS and 3,500 mg/L TDS. This range is predominantly in Segment B of the SEPP Waters. Protected beneficial uses of groundwater under Segment B include:

— Water dependent ecosystems and species

— Potable mineral water supply

— Agriculture and irrigation (irrigation and stock watering)

— Industrial and commercial

— Water-based recreation (primary contact recreation)

— Traditional Owner cultural values

— Cultural and spiritual values

— Buildings and structures

— Geothermal properties

Of these, Water dependent ecosystems and species, irrigation, primary contact recreation, Traditional Owner cultural values and Cultural and spiritual values are considered the most relevant.


5.1.4 Groundwater quality restricted use zonesGroundwater quality restricted use zones (GQRUZ) are areas where there is groundwater pollution which has been reported to the EPA during the completion of an Environmental Audit. These zones have been subject to cleanup in line with relevant environmental standards. However restrictions remain on what the water can be used for if extracted.

The locations of these GQRUZs are publically available on the EPA Victoria online database. A search of the EPA Victoria database was conducted on 15 January 2020. No GQRUZ were identified in the immediate vicinity of the Site. The closest GQRUZ is located approximately 4.8 km south east of the Site. The groundwater quality at the Site is unlikely to be affected from contamination within this GQRUZ based on the distance from the Site.

5.1.5 EPA Victoria information

EPA Victoria priority sites register

Priority Sites are sites for which EPA has issued a Clean-up Notice pursuant to section 62A, or a Pollution Abatement Notice pursuant to section 31A or 31B (relevant to land and/or groundwater), of the Environment Protection Act 1970 (‘the Act’). Typically, these are sites where pollution of land and/or groundwater presents an unacceptable risk to human health and/or the environment.

Lotsearch conducted a search of the EPA Victoria priority sites register on the 19 December 2019 and reported that the Site is not listed on the register and is not located within 1 km of any priority sites listed on the register.

EPA database of certificates and statements of environmental audit

The EPA maintains a database of properties issued with either a certificate or statement of environmental audit under part IXD of the Act since the environmental audit system commenced in 1990.

A search of the database on 19 December 2019 by Lotsearch indicated that the Site is not listed on the EPA database of certificates and statements of environmental audit. Four properties were listed in the EPA database and located between 691 m and 860 m from the Site. The soil and groundwater quality at the Site is unlikely to be affected from contamination identified at these properties based on the distance from the Site. Additional information about these four properties is presented in the Lotsearch report provided in Appendix A.

EPA Licence register

An EPA Licence is required for all ‘scheduled premises’, unless the premises are exempt from the regulations. Licences cover the actual operation of the Site and set operating conditions, waste discharge limits, and waste acceptance conditions as appropriate. EPA maintains a database of Licences.

A search of the database on 19 December 2019 by Lotsearch indicated that the Site is not listed on the EPA Licences register.

5.1.6 Former Waste Management Facilities and LandfillsLotsearch completed a search of former waste management facilities and landfills within 1 km of the Site. The database search indicated that the Site is not listed on former waste management facilities and landfill databases. A summary of the search results is provided in Table 5-4.


Table 5-4 Summary of the former waste management facilities and landfills

Location Years of operation Description

647 m South west – 13 Kim Close, Bulleen

Unknown Commercial and industrial reprocessing - metal

5.1.7 Cathodic Protection SearchA search of the cathodic protection database by Energy Safe Victoria (ESV) was conducted to identify any potential underground fuel storage systems on the Site. The search failed to identify any cathodic protection systems registered at the Site. A copy of the letter issued by ESV is provided in Appendix A.

5.1.8 Site InspectionA site inspection was conducted by an appropriately experienced GHD engineer on 14 January 2020. A photographic log is included in Appendix B showing the status of the Site at the time of the site inspection. The following was noted about the driving range property based on the site inspection.

— The Property consisted of a large recreational area used as a public golf driving range. The Site generally slopes to the north towards the Yarra River.

— A large building used as the office and maintenance building for the driving range is located in the southern portion of the property.

— Two residential buildings were present on the southern portion of the property.

— No aboveground storage tanks were observed by GHD.

— No evidence of underground storage tanks (USTs), such as vent pipes or fill pipes, was observed by GHD.

— Two steel power line towers are present on the northern portion of the Site.

5.2 Review of historical information

5.2.1 Review of historical aerial photographySeventeen historical aerial photographs provided by Lotsearch (1931 to 2019) were reviewed and are provided in Appendix A. A summary of the observations based on the aerial images review is included in Table 5-5.

Table 5-5 Review of historical aerial photographs

Type Date Observations

Aerial Image

Source: DELWP (Vicmap)

1931 Site Observations:

The Site was apparently used as agricultural land. Two buildings are visible on the southern boundary of the Site. A road is visible adjacent to the south of the Site.

Site Surrounds Observations:

A large building is visible south of the Site past the road. The land surrounding the Site is generally vacant and apparently used for agricultural purposes. The Yarra River and respective riparian vegetation exists in its present position to the north of the Site.

Aerial Image 1945 Site Observations:




The Site remains in use for agricultural purposes. More buildings are present along the southern boundary of the Site. Various crops are visible on the western portion of the Site.


A portion of land located south of the Site past the road has been cleared of vegetation. No other significant changes are visible when compared to the 1930 aerial image.

Aerial Image



No significant changes to the Site are visible when compared to the 1945 aerial image.


Two large buildings have been constructed approximately 15 m south of the Site at the previously cleared area visible in the 1945 aerial image.

Aerial Image





An apparent quarry and brick works facility appears to have been established approximately 15 m south of the Site. A large building has been constructed adjacent to the west of the Site. Residential properties have been constructed to the south west of the Site.

Aerial Image




Site Surrounds Observations:Additional residential buildings have been constructed to the south west of the Site when compared to the 1958 aerial image.

Aerial Image



A large building has been constructed on the southern boundary of the Site. The remaining portions of the Site remain unchanged and being used for agricultural purposes. A power line tower has been constructed on the western boundary of the Site.

Site Surrounds Observations:The Site surrounds appear generally unchanged when compared to the 1963 aerial image.

Aerial Image


1970 Site Observations:No significant changes to the Site or the nearby properties are visible when compared to the 1968 aerial image.

Aerial Image



Aerial Image



Aerial Image 1982 Site Observations:




No significant changes to the Site or the nearby properties are visible when compared to the 1981 aerial image.

Aerial Image


1984 Site Observations:No significant changes to the Site are visible when compared to the 1982 aerial image.

Site Surrounds Observations:Surface works are visible on the property to the west of the Site. No other significant changes are visible for the properties surrounding the Site.

Aerial Image



A car park and a structure for golf driving range tee boxes have been constructed on the southern portion of the Site. Stockpiles of soil are visible on the south western portion of the Site.

Site Surrounds Observations:A golf course has been constructed adjacent to the west of the Site. No other significant changes offsite since 1984 were visible.

Aerial Image




Aerial Image




Aerial Image

Source: Aerometrex Pty Ltd.


Trees have been planted on the north western and south eastern portions of the Site. No other significant changes to the Site are visible when compared to the 1990 aerial image.

Site Surrounds Observations:A low-density residential development has been constructed south of the Site where the brick works facility was visible in the 1990 aerial image.

Aerial Image



A building has been removed from the Site and an extension of the golf tee boxes has been constructed in the location of the former building. No other significant changes to the Site are visible when compared to the 2001 aerial image.

Site Surrounds Observations:No significant changes offsite since 2001.

Aerial Image




Based on the review of the current and historical aerial images, the Site was generally used for agricultural purposes until approximately 1984. Agricultural operations are associated with the potential use of pesticides/herbicides and fertilizers. There is potential that if pesticides/herbicides and fertilizers were used at the Site, they may have impacted the soil and groundwater quality at the Site.


The former brick works facility that was located south of the Site, and its associated historical manufacturing processes, had the potential to impact groundwater quality at the Site. The quality of groundwater beneath the brick works site however has not been assessed.

Copies of the aerial photographs are provided in the Lotsearch report in Appendix A.

5.2.2 Previous investigationsTo GHD’s knowledge, no previous environmental investigations have been conducted at the Site.

5.2.3 Summary of Site historyBased on the historical review, a summary of the Site history is provided in Table 5-6.

Table 5-6 Summary of Site history

Year Description Source

1931 - 1984 Agricultural land and two farmsteads Aerial images

1984 - Present Bullen Golf Driving Range and two residential properties Aerial images

5.3 Soil quality investigation

5.3.1 Soil characterisation – analytical dataAs part of the North East Link preliminary field investigations, soil investigations completed at the Site included drilling of boreholes for the collection of soil samples. The intrusive soil investigation reported here were completed between 2 September to 23 October 2019.

A total of 32 primary soil samples from 24 geotechnical bores were collected and analysed by an independent analytical laboratory. To assess the potential requirements for offsite treatment/disposal, soil analytical results were screened against the current EPA Victoria Soil Hazard Categorisation and Management guideline (Publication IWRG 621 – June 2009). Samples were submitted under COC procedures to ALS Environmental Pty Ltd (primary laboratory) and Eurofins-MGT Pty Ltd (secondary laboratory). Both laboratories are NATA accredited for the analysis requested.

Sampling locations are shown in figure 1 in Appendix C. Copies of NATA certified analytical results and COC documentation can be provided upon request. Tabulated results are provided in Appendix D, Tables 1 and 2.

Samples were collected with reference to the following guidelines and protocols:

— National Environment Protection (Assessment of Site Contamination) Measure, 1999 (NEPM) as amended in 2013

— Standards Australia, 2005, Australian Standard, Guide to the investigation and sampling of sites with potentially contaminated soil. Part 1: Non-volatile and semi-volatile compounds, AS 4482.1 – 2005

— Standards Australia, 2005, Australian Standard, Guide to the investigation and sampling of sites with potentially contaminated soil, Part 2: Volatile Substances, AS 4482.2 – 2005.

Soil samples have been primarily taken from geotechnical bores. It should be noted that due to restricted access to the driving range property and the presence of underground and aboveground services, further site investigations would be required to fully characterise soil quality. As such, soil classification data presented in this report is preliminary and detailed soil quality information should be collected to direct waste disposal and reuse options. The soil


sampling methodology is outlined in Appendix E. Borehole logs from the 34 geotechnical led locations can be found in Appendix F.

The concentrations of contaminants of concern were generally below laboratory LOR and/or the adopted waste classification criteria (IWRG 621). Data exceeding the adopted waste classification criteria can be summarised as follows:

— There were two soil samples collected from two locations that exceeded the upper Fill Material threshold limits, based on elevated concentrations of fluoride. These samples would be categorised as Prescribed Industrial Water (PIW) in accordance with IWRG 621. However, a number of lines of evidence suggest the fluoride is naturally occurring and there is a case for re-classification of those soils as Fill Material. The lines of evidence include:

– Elevated fluoride is commonly found in Silurian siltstones throughout Melbourne

– Based on results observed during the North East Link investigations, elevated fluoride occurs along the length of the alignment and there are no obvious sources of fluoride over such a large area

– Metals can become concentrated due to weathering processes in rocks.

– While the presence of the Silurian siltstones would indicate natural material, care must be taken to ensure that no other contaminant sources have impacted the material before it could be considered for re-classification as Fill Material.

Other detectable significant contaminants of concern that did not exceed criteria, but provide indications of possible contaminant sources, included:

— Low concentrations of organochlorine (OC) pesticide (4,4’-DDE) were detected in three soil samples from three investigation locations (GDR-LP-07, GDR-PS-07 and GDR-PV-002).

— Low concentrations of PFAS were detected in two soil samples from two investigation locations (GDR-LP-15 and GDR-PV-002).

5.3.2 Potential acid forming soil – laboratory resultsTwo soil samples were selected for acid sulfate field screening analysis. Based on the results of the field screening, no samples were further analysed for CRS or NAPP/NAG analysis suites.

It is noted that sampling frequency undertaken as part of the assessment does not meet the criteria defined in EPA Victoria Publication 655.1.

5.4 Data gapsThe main gaps in our knowledge of the Site include:

— Soil quality in the northern portion of the Site

— Groundwater quality beneath the Site.

Based on the database review, historical documents review and current analytical data for the Site, it is unlikely that significant soil quality issues exist in the areas of the Site that have not been assessed. Groundwater is unlikely to be encountered during construction; therefore, issues associated with any impacted groundwater are not considered to pose a significant risk to construction.

The data gaps observed during information gathering for the Site are considered a limitation for this report.


5.5 Quality assurance and quality controlThroughout the environmental sampling investigations, a number of quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) measures were performed and are outlined below.

Decontamination procedures included the following:

— A clean pair of new, non-powdered, disposable nitrile gloves were worn immediately prior to sampling and each time a different location was sampled.

— Samples were maintained on ice (or in the site fridge) until being transported under COC documentation to the analytical laboratory.

QA/QC samples were generally collected in accordance with guidance presented in Australian Standard AS 4482.1-20051 and included collection of samples outlined below.

— Duplicate samples (blind replicate) for analysis by the primary laboratory. Duplicate samples were collected at a minimum rate of 1 in 20 primary samples. Duplicate samples were analysed for the same suite as the primary samples.

— Triplicate samples (split sample) for analysis by the secondary laboratory. Triplicate samples were collected at a minimum rate of 1 in 20 primary samples. Triplicate samples were analysed for the same suite as the primary samples.

— Rinsate samples were generally collected at a rate of one per sampling event. Rinsate samples were collected by flushing a cleaned piece of sampling equipment with deionised water and collecting the flushed water. The sampling equipment included items such as a glove and hand auger. The rinsate samples were analysed for the same suite as the primary samples.

— Trip blank samples were generally collected at a rate of one per day, per team. The trip blank samples were prepared by the laboratory and were carried in the eskies with primary samples. Trip blank samples were analysed for volatile compounds including petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH C6-C10) and BTEX.

QA/QC samples were labelled with a ‘QC’ prefix with no association to the sample location or type. The details about QA/QC samples were recorded and maintained throughout the Project. The results from the QA/QC samples collected during the Site soil sampling program are provided in Appendix G, Tables 1 and 2.

6. Impact AssessmentThe impact assessment in this section is based on the site information collected for the Site, as presented above, and the proposed construction design/approach. This assessment has investigated the potential for contaminated soil (including hazardous materials, asbestos, odours and vapours), groundwater and acid sulfate soil or rock to be encountered during earthworks that could cause an impact to human health or the environment during construction and operation.

6.1.1 Construction Impact AssessmentRedevelopment of the Site is expected to involve cut and fill surface works. The following impacts are considered likely to be associated with the expected construction activities.

1 Australian Standard 4482.1, Guide to the sampling and investigation of potentially contaminated soil, Part 1: Non-volatile and semi-volatile compounds


Contaminated soil

Based on the desktop review and preliminary field investigations, it is expected that some of the excavated soil from the construction activities will contain levels of contamination due to existing and historical land uses. Contamination is most likely to be associated with pesticide use and naturally elevated elements such as metals and fluoride but also potentially PFAS.

Acid sulfate soil/rock

Disturbance of acid sulfate soil and acid sulfate rock at the Site is considered unlikely due to proposed shallow excavation and surface works at the Site and that no soil beneath the water table (approximately 5 to 10 metres in depth) is likely to be disturbed.

However, due to the data gaps for assessment of acid sulfate soil/rock at the Site, and depending on the actual depth of excavations during Site development, the potential for encountering acid sulfate soil and rock remains. If acid sulfate soil/rock were to be encountered, management and mitigation would be required. Therefore, acid sulfate soil/rock is considered a potential contamination impact to the Project.

Management of asbestos materials within spoil

Although no asbestos-containing materials (ACM) were observed during the Site walkover, a portion of the Site has not been adequately assessed due to access restrictions and therefore, the presence of such material cannot be precluded. If asbestos materials were to be encountered within the spoil, management and mitigation would be required.

Waste materials and unknown contamination

Waste materials containing hazardous substances (including asbestos) could be encountered although the absence of landfilling on the Site would suggest this likelihood is low. Hazardous materials (including asbestos) could also be encountered in uncontrolled fill material at unknown locations. If such materials are encountered, management and mitigation would be required as outlined in Section 7.

Odours

Odorous material can be related to impact from industrial activities (e.g. leaking fuel or chemical storage) and from putrescible material in former landfills. These activities have not been identified as having taken place at the Site and therefore likelihood of impacts from odorous material is considered low.

If such material is identified, the impacts can be mitigated through conducting works in accordance with the SMP and CEMP, as outlined in Section 7.

Vapour and underground gases

The vapour and underground gas potential at the Site has not been assessed. However, the Site history has not identified any on-site sources of volatile compounds or former landfilling that might result in fugitive vapours and gases. If such material is identified, the risks can be mitigated through conducting works in accordance with the SMP and CEMP, as outlined in Section 7.

Fuel/chemical spills

During construction activities, vehicles, plant and machinery would be operating within designated construction compounds and throughout the Project boundary. There is a possibility that spills may occur during the refuelling of vehicles, plant and machinery, or the use of chemicals required as part of the construction. Fuel/chemical spills is considered a potential impact that needs to be managed.


Contaminated groundwater

The presence of contaminated groundwater has not been assessed or confirmed for the Site. Based on the Templestowe Road Soccer Facilities Master Plan, it is expected that construction works would not intersect the groundwater unless piling was considered. If piling was conducted, groundwater may be entrained in the saturated drill cuttings, which would be contained and disposed of by the drilling contractor. Therefore, construction issues associated with contaminated groundwater are considered unlikely. However, due to the present data gaps for groundwater quality at the Site and depending on the actual depth of excavations during Site development, the potential for encountering contaminated groundwater remains, at which point additional assessment and mitigation would be required. Therefore, this is considered a potential impact for the Project.

6.1.2 Operation Impact AssessmentOpen space recreational use is a more sensitive land use as it allows for direct exposure of the public to the surface material. Therefore, the proposed land use would be subject to more stringent environmental protection than a road or tunnel.

Contaminated soil

Contamination remaining in situ and being exposed is considered a potential impact that may arise after construction. Exposure of residual contaminated material could occur from erosion or future construction activities. As part of the SMP, it would be a requirement that no contaminated soil be left exposed after construction. However, mitigation measures for on-going operation would be required if contaminated soils were to be left in-situ.

Contaminated groundwater and contaminant migration

The presence of contaminated groundwater has not been assessed or confirmed for the Site. However, contaminated groundwater migration during operation of the re-developed Site remains as it may be extracted for any purpose such as irrigation. Low volume abstraction for irrigation is however only likely to have localised effect on groundwater standing water levels around the point of abstraction and is unlikely to result in mass contamination migration. However, if contamination is present, abstraction could result in it being entrained in the extracted water and adversely affect the environment to which it would be applied. As data gaps exist concerning the groundwater quality at the Site, the groundwater should be assessed during the construction phase.

7. Recommendations for mitigation7.1 Contaminated soilThe limited sampling data has indicated the potential for contaminated soil to be present on the site. However, areas of the site were not accessible for sampling during this study and therefore the levels of contamination across the entire site are not known. Management of any spoil to be disturbed during construction must be conducted in accordance with a SMP to be developed in accordance with relevant regulations, standards and best practice guidelines. The SMP must include processes and measures to conduct further assessment of soil contamination in areas not previously assessed, manage spoil, define roles and responsibilities and include requirements and methods for:

— Complying with applicable regulatory requirements

— Completing a detailed site investigation (in accordance with Australian Standard AS 4482.1:2005 Guide to the investigation and sampling of sites with potentially


contaminated soil and the EPA Victoria Industrial Waste Resource Guidelines) prior to any excavation of potentially contaminated areas to identify location, types and extent of impacts and to characterise spoil to inform spoil and waste management

— Identifying the nature and extent of spoil (clean fill and contaminated spoil)

— Identify, in consultation with the waste industry, the capacity for contaminated spoil material to be treated and/or disposed

— Storage, handling, transport and disposal of spoil in a manner that protects human health and the environment and is consistent with the transport management plan(s). This includes requirements and methods for the appropriate treatment/remediation of any contaminated excavated spoil and contaminated residual material left on the Site

— Design and management of temporary stockpile areas

— Minimising impacts and risks from disturbance of acid sulfate soils, odour and vapour and ground gas intrusion

— Transport of spoil along appropriate roads with reference to the transport management plan(s)

— Management of hazardous substances, including health, safety and environment procedures that address risks associated with exposure to hazardous substances for visitors, the general public; and local fauna; contain measures to control exposure in accordance with relevant regulations, standards and best practice guidance and to the requirements of WorkSafe and EPA Victoria; and include method statements detailing monitoring and reporting requirements

— Identifying where any contaminated or hazardous material is exposed during construction (notably through former landfills, service stations and industrial land) and how it will be made safe for the public and the environment. Beneficial uses of land and National Environment Protection (Assessment of Site Contamination) Measures 2013 guidance on criteria protective of those beneficial uses must be considered for the land uses in these areas. This must include methods for:

– Construction of appropriate cover (soil, concrete, geofabric etc) such that no contamination is left exposed at the surface or where it may be readily accessed by the public and local fauna such that it cannot generate runoff or leachate during rain events

– Maintenance of the cover

– Identification of the nature and depth of the contaminants

– Mitigating impacts during sub-surface works in those areas, e.g. drilling and excavation.

— Monitoring and reporting

— Identifying locations and extent of any prescribed industrial waste (PIW), other waste, and the method for characterising PIW and other waste prior to excavation

— Application of the Environment Protection Act 1970 waste management hierarchy, including:

– Ongoing identification and, where practicable, adoption of options for the re-use of spoil

– Identification of options for management of spoil

– Identifying suitable sites for disposal of any waste. This includes identifying contingency arrangements for management of waste, where required, to address any


identified capacity issues associated with the licensed landfill’s ability to receive PIW and other waste

— In areas used for temporary construction works, and the construction of surface water management works, contamination attributable to the Project must be appropriately remediated in consultation with the relevant land manager.

The SMP will require the contractor to consider the EPA’s waste hierarchy in developing their spoil management approach. Ideally, this would involve re-use of any disturbed soil, given the cut and fill nature of the works. However, this would depend on the level of contamination. Any reuse would need to ensure only spoil categorised as Fill Material or PIW (Category B, C or D) is used and that EPA Victoria requirements are met. The SMP would need to include measures to ensure that the area of reuse would not be adversely impacted by the imported spoil, and that future access to the soils is prevented and any cover is adequately maintained.

Contamination remaining in situ and being potentially exposed after construction could be mitigated through the development and implementation of the SMP. Specifically, the SMP should prescribe maintenance of adequate cover during operation and a record of the location of contaminated soil in case of future excavation or drilling in these areas. This would also include monitoring of any potential mobilisation of contaminants towards ecological and recreational assets including the Yarra River and wetlands.

7.2 Acid sulfate soil/rockShould deeper excavation works be required and acid sulfate soils identified by future soil testing, the acid sulfate soil/rock must be managed in accordance with the SMP. The SMP must include requirements and methods to minimise impacts from disturbance of acid sulfate soil, including but not limited to:

— Characterising acid sulfate soil and rock prior to excavation

— Developing appropriate stockpile areas including lining, covering and runoff collection to prevent release of acid to the environment, including wetlands, and impact to human health

— Identifying suitable sites for re-use management or disposal of acid sulfate soil and rock

— Preventing oxidation that could lead to acid formation if possible through cover and/or scheduling practices, i.e. ensuring acid sulfate soil and rock is not left in stockpiles for any length of time and/or addition of neutralising compounds.

Requirements and methods must be in accordance with the Industrial Waste Management Policy (Waste Acid Sulfate Soils), EPA Victoria Publication 655.1 Acid Sulfate Soil and Rock, and the Department of Sustainability and Environment’s Victorian Best Practice Guidelines for Assessing and Managing Coastal Acid Sulfate Soil.

7.3 Asbestos materials within spoilSoils contaminated with ACM are likely to be encountered where waste soils and/or construction waste has been disposed. Bonded ACM does not directly pose an impact to public health, but disturbance of ACM can lead to the release of fibres that can cause health effects. The impacts associated with exposing soils contaminated with ACM can be mitigated through conducting works in accordance with the SMP.

In addition, management of contaminated material during construction would be conducted in accordance with a CEMP that must include requirements for management of chemicals, fuels and hazardous materials. The CEMP would provide management measures for hazardous materials and dangerous substances. These management measures would include procedures


for disposing of any hazardous materials, including asbestos, in accordance with Industrial Waste Management Policies, regulations and relevant guidelines.

7.4 Waste materials and unknown contaminationEncountering waste materials and unknown contamination is considered an impact to the Project: however, this uncertainty would be minimised by the completion of an in-situ intrusive soil investigation in accordance with the SMP before excavation works are started. To protect the environment and human health, the SMP would also include a health, safety and environmental plan for the management of hazardous substances in accordance with relevant regulations, standards and best practice guidance and to the satisfaction of WorkSafe and EPA Victoria.

Contamination being left exposed after excavation works have been conducted is a potential impact considered for the Site. The SMP would provide mitigation measures to prevent future exposure to hazardous or contaminated soil left in the ground after construction, so the material poses no future hazard to human health or ecosystems.

7.5 OdoursThere is potential for construction and development activities to result in impact to the surrounding community through the exposure of odorous waste material. Should such material be exposed, the works and exposed material would need to be managed to minimise odours.

The SMP must include procedures on:

— Identification of the potential areas of contamination that may pose an odour risk

— Monitoring of the excavated material for possible odour risk

— Implementation of management measures to minimise odour.

The SMP must also include requirements for the management of residual odorous contamination should it be left in-situ, including:

— Design aspects that allow for the capture and treatment of fugitive odours such as odour barriers and/or odour extraction and scrubbers

— Monitoring of odours including setting of trigger values that require action

— Contingencies to address any breaches of trigger values.

7.6 Vapour and underground gasesAs described in Section 6.1.1, there is potential for impacts related to vapour and underground gases. This would be mitigated by the development and implementation of the SMP. The SMP must include requirements for assessment, monitoring and management of intrusive vapour including potentially toxic, flammable or explosive conditions in enclosed spaces or other impacts on human health and the environment. The plan must address vapour risks associated with excavation of impacted soils, extraction of impacted groundwater, open excavations and stockpiles and gases associated with landfills. This must include, where relevant:

— Securing of the excavation and stockpile area from the public and signage warning of open excavations

— Monitoring of vapours and odours while excavations are open and stockpiles remain onsite

— Mitigation measures to prevent fugitive releases of vapours and gasses during construction.


7.7 Fuel/chemical spillsThe potential for fuel and chemical spills during construction activities to significantly impact the Project is considered unlikely if activities are managed appropriately. Management of this potential impact should be prescribed in the CEMP. This would include measures to control exposure for the general public in accordance with relevant regulations, standards and best practice guidance and to the satisfaction of WorkSafe and EPA Victoria as well as procedures detailing monitoring and reporting requirements. The management documents must include requirements for chemicals, fuels and hazardous materials such as:

— Minimise chemical and fuel storage on site and store hazardous materials and dangerous goods in accordance with the relevant guidelines and requirements

— Comply with the Victorian WorkCover Authority and Australian Standard AS1940 Storage Handling of Flammable and Combustible Liquids and EPA Victoria Publications 480 Environmental Guidelines for Major Construction Sites and 1698 Liquid Storage and Handling Guidelines

— Develop and implement management measures for hazardous materials and dangerous substances, including:

– Creating and maintaining a dangerous goods register

– Disposing of any hazardous materials, including asbestos, in accordance with Industrial Waste Management Policies, regulations and relevant guidelines

– Implementing requirements for the installation of bunds and precautions to reduce the risk of spills

— Contingency and emergency response procedures to handle fuel and chemical spills, including availability of on-site hydrocarbon spill kits.

7.8 Contaminated groundwater and contaminant migrationIn Section 6, construction issues associated with contaminated groundwater are considered unlikely. However, due to the present data gaps for groundwater quality at the Site and depending on the actual depth of excavations during Site development, the potential for encountering contaminated groundwater remains until investigations provide otherwise, at which point additional assessment and mitigation would be required. If groundwater is expected to be encountered during construction activities, or used during operation of the Site post-construction, the development of a groundwater management plan (GMP) is recommended to protect groundwater quality and manage any interception of groundwater. This would involve further investigation to assess groundwater quality. However, this recommendation is only actionable if the project will encounter groundwater. The GMP must contain measures and/or controls to minimise groundwater inflow to excavations during construction and groundwater drawdown, including contingency measures to monitor and identify if adverse impacts are occurring. These must include measures to:

— Minimise to the extent practicable reduction or loss of groundwater discharge to waterways or loss of water availability for terrestrial ecosystems

— Manage, mitigate and minimise the oxidation of acid sulfate soil materials and acidification of groundwater

— Manage, mitigate and minimise any movement of contamination that is identified

— Manage, mitigate and minimise impacts on beneficial uses and risk of vapour intrusion

— Ensure that groundwater seepage is collected, treated and disposed during construction in accordance with the Environment Protection Act 1970 waste management hierarchy


and EPA Victoria requirements. Obtain a trade waste agreement from the relevant water authority where disposal to sewer is required or approval from EPA and the relevant water authority (as required) if discharge to waterways is determined to be appropriate.

The GMP must include requirements and construction methods to protect groundwater quality including where appropriate, but not limited to:

— Selection and use of sealing products, caulking products, lubricating products and chemical grouts during construction that will not diminish the groundwater quality

— Requirements to ensure compatibility of construction material with groundwater quality to provide long term durability for infrastructure design life

— Design and development of drainage infrastructure that minimises clogging and maintenance risks from dissolved constituents in groundwater precipitating out of solution

— Measures to assess, remove and dispose of contaminated groundwater and impacted soils associated with excavation and construction

—

— Remedial grouting.

The GMP must include requirements and methods for management of groundwater interception during construction including where appropriate, but not limited to:

— Identification, treatment, disposal and handling of contaminated seepage water and/or slurries including vapours in accordance with relevant legislation and guidelines

— Assessment of barrier/damming effects

— Subsidence management

— Dewatering and potential impacts on acid sulfate soils, including both unconsolidated sediments and lithified sedimentary rock

— Protection of waterways and potential groundwater dependent ecosystems

— Management of unexpected contaminated groundwater e.g. using treatments, hydraulic controls, grouting and exclusion methods

— Management of possible impact to groundwater monitoring and management by third parties of existing contamination plumes

— Contingency actions when interventions are required.

The development of a pre-construction and active construction groundwater monitoring program is recommended to:

— Establish baseline water level and quality conditions throughout the study area, including the delineation (to the extent practicable) of those portions of existing contaminant plume(s) that may be impacted by the Project

— Calibrate the predictive model prior to commencement of construction, manage construction activities, and verify the model predictions

— Assess the adequacy of proposed design and construction methods, and where required, identify and implement any additional measures required to mitigate impacts from changes in groundwater levels, flow and quality.

A post-construction groundwater monitoring program should be developed and implemented to:

— Confirm the acceptability of resultant water quality and water level recovery (and potential mounding) as predicted by the numerical groundwater model. Acceptability is to be


assessed with consideration to the Groundwater Dependent Ecosystem Monitoring and Mitigation Plan and other identified beneficial uses of groundwater.

— Confirm the effectiveness of applied measures as identified in the Groundwater Management Plan and if required, identify and implement contingency measures to restore groundwater to an acceptable level.

The duration of post-construction monitoring must be a minimum of two years or until acceptable restoration of groundwater and a relatively stable hydrogeological regime, taking into account prevailing climatic conditions and natural variability, has been confirmed by the Independent Environmental Auditor, in consultation with EPA Victoria and Melbourne Water. The pre-construction, construction and post-construction monitoring program(s) must be developed in consultation with EPA Victoria and Melbourne Water, and be consistent with EPA Victoria Publication 668 Hydrogeological assessment groundwater quality guidelines, EPA Victoria Publication 669 Groundwater Sampling Guidelines, and the State Environment Protection Policy (Waters).

8. Summary and ConclusionThe impact assessment for Templestowe Road Soccer Facilities has been undertaken to assess the potential impacts of contamination and acid sulfate soils. Management and mitigation options to reduce these impacts have also been identified.

On the basis of the desktop assessment and site inspection, the following conclusions are made:

— The Site was generally used for agricultural purposes until approximately 1984. Agricultural operations are associated with the potential use of pesticides/herbicides and fertilizers.

— The former brick works facility that was located south of the Site, and its associated historical manufacturing processes, had the potential to impact groundwater quality at the Site.

— The concentrations of contaminants analysed in soil samples collected from the Site were generally below laboratory LOR and/or the adopted waste classification criteria. Some concentrations of pesticides and PFAS were detected in soil samples collected from the Site.

Data gaps exist for the Site and are considered a limitation of the report. These data gaps include:

— Lack of sampling data in the northern portion of the Site.

— Lack of groundwater data – although this is considered a low priority issue unless groundwater is to be extracted or if it is contaminated with volatiles from adjacent properties.

An impact assessment was performed for the Site related to the construction and operation of the Templestowe Road Soccer Facilities Master Plan. The risks associated with construction and operation Master Plan include:

— Contaminated soil

— Acid sulfate soil/rock

— Asbestos materials within spoil

— Waste materials and unknown contamination


— Odours

— Vapours and underground gases

— Fuel and chemical spills

— Contaminated groundwater and contaminant migration.

The following recommendation should be included on any planning consent related to the Site to reduce the potential effects on receptors.

8.1 Recommendations for mitigationThe impacts can be mitigated to reduce the potential effects on potential receptors through the development and implementation of prescriptive management plans including a SMP, CEMP and a groundwater management plan if applicable. These management plans must prescribe the recommended mitigations for the potential impacts identified for the Site.

— A SMP should be developed in accordance with relevant regulations, standards and best practice guidelines to mitigate impacts associated with exposing and managing potentially impacted material during construction activities. The SMP must include processes and measures to manage spoil and define roles and responsibilities.

— A CEMP should be developed to mitigate impacts associated with construction activities and management of contaminated material during development of the Site.

If groundwater is expected to be encountered during construction activities or used during operation of the Site post-construction, a groundwater management plan should be developed to protect groundwater quality and manage any interception of groundwater. The groundwater management plan must contain measures and/or controls to minimise groundwater inflow to excavations during construction and groundwater drawdown, including contingency measures to monitor and indicate if adverse impacts are occurring.

Should other impacts be encountered during construction or operation where mitigations are not prescribed, the relevant management document(s) must be amended after consultation with a qualified environmental professional.


Appendices

GHD | Contamination Impact Assessment North East Link Project

Appendix A – Database search reports and results

27 – 59 Templestowe Road Bulleen— Lotsearch database search report

— Cathodic protection systems database search letter

— Groundwater boreholes database search summary table


Appendix B – Photographic log


Appendix C – Figures

— Figure 1 – Geotechnical and Environmental Investigation (27 – 59 Templestowe Road Bulleen)


Appendix D – Tabulated analytical results

27 – 59 Templestowe Road Bulleen — Table 1 – Summary of Soil Analytical Results

— Table 2 – Summary of Soil Analytical Results – Leached


Appendix E – Sampling methodology


Appendix F – Borehole logs


Appendix G – QA/QC tables

27 – 59 Templestowe Road Bulleen — Table 1 – Summary of QA/QC Analytical Data - Duplicate and Tripicates

— Table 2 – Summary of QA/QC Analytical Data - Rinsate and Trip Blanks


GHDLevel 9180 Lonsdale StreetT: 03 8687 8000 E: [email protected]

© GHD 2020

This report has been prepared for North East Link Project, a division of the Major Transport Infrastructure Authority, for the Minister of Planning to address the requirements of the North East Link Project Incorporated Document (Dec 2019). It is not intended to be used for, and should not be relied on, for any other purpose.

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