Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

Name: Ahmad Imran Idzqandar

Identification Card Number: 970929-12-5417

Class: 417

Table of Contents

1.0 Introduction.........................................................................................................................2

2.0 Latest Open Source Operating System (OS)....................................................................4

2.1 Meaning of Open Source Operating Software (OS)...............................................4

2.2 Examples of Open Source Operating System (OS)................................................52.2.1 Haiku.....................................................................................................................52.2.2 Linux Mint............................................................................................................7

3.0 The Latest Open Source Application Software..............................................................10

3.1 Meaning of open source application software................................................................103.2 Examples of Open Source Application Software..................................................11

3.2.1 Mozilla Firefox...................................................................................................113.2.2 VLC Media Player.............................................................................................14

Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

1.0 Introduction

Open source software is computer software that is available in source code form, the

source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright holders are provided

under a software license that permits users to study, change, improve and at times also to

distribute the software. Some open source software is available within the public domain.

Open source software is very often developed in a public, collaborative manner. Open-source

software is the most prominent example of open-source development and often compared to

user-generated content or open content movements.

Hardware is a general term for the physical artifacts of a technology. It means the

physical devices or physical components of a computer system, in the form of computer

hardware. Hardware of a modern personal computer are monitor, motherboard, CPU, RAM,

expansion cards, power supply, optical disc drive, hard disk drive, keyboard and mouse.

Software is a collection of computer programs and related data that provide the

instructions telling a computer what to do and how to do it. We can also say software refers to

one or more computer programs and data held in the storage of the computer for some

purposes. In other words software is a set of programs, procedures, algorithms and its

documentation. Program software performs the function program it implements, either by

directly providing instructions to the computer hardware or by serving as input to another

piece of software. Software is intangible, meaning it "cannot be touched". Software is also

sometimes used in a more narrow sense, meaning application software only. 

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

2.0 Latest Open Source Operating System (OS)

2.1 Meaning of Open Source Operating Software (OS)

An operating system is a set of programs containing instructions that coordinate all the

activities among computer hardware resources. Most operating system perform similar

function that includes starting a computer, provide a user interface, managing program,

managing memory and configuring devices. Some operating system also allows user to

control a network and administer security. 

Open Source Operating System is any operating system that is free to use and which

provides the original code where the source code is available (under a copyright license) to

the public, which enables them to use, modify or enhance the operating system, and

redistribute the modified (or unmodified) form of the operating system. The advance user can

modify the code of  the operating system to make it works better for them in starting the

computer or a likely  user interface.

Linux is the best example of Open Source OS.

OpenSolaris, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, GNU etc are other example of Open Source OS's

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

2.2 Examples of Open Source Operating System (OS)

2.2.1 Haiku

Company / developer Haiku Project

OS family BeOS

Working state Alpha

Source model Free and open source software

Initial release OpenBeOS: 2002[1]

Latest unstable release R1 Alpha 4.1 / November 14, 2012

Marketing target Personal computer

Available language(s) Multilingual

Supported platforms IA-32

Kernel type Hybrid

License MIT License, Be Sample Code License

Official website haiku-os.org

Description;

Haiku is a free and open source operating system compatible with BeOS. Its development began in 2001, and the operating system became self-hosting in 2008. The first alpha release was made in September 2009, and the most recent was November 2012.

Haiku is supported by Haiku Inc., an organization based in Rochester, New founded in 2003 by former project leader Michael Phipps.

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

History ;

Haiku began as the OpenBeOS project in 2001, the year that Be, Inc. was bought by Palm Inc. and BeOS development was discontinued; the focus of the project was to support the BeOS user community by creating an open-source, backward-compatible replacement for BeOS. The first project by OpenBeOS was a community-created "stop-gap" update for BeOS 5.0.3 in 2002. In 2003, the non-profit organization Haiku Inc. was registered in Rochester, New York, to financially support development, and in 2004, after a notification of infringement of Palm's trademark of the BeOS name was sent to OpenBeOS, the project was renamed Haiku. However, development would only reach its first milestone in September 2009 with the release of Haiku R1/Alpha 1.

The Haiku operating system

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

2.2.2 Linux Mint

Description;

Linux Mint is a Linux distribution for desktop computers, based on Ubuntu or Debian. Linux Mint is aimed at being a "modern, elegant and comfortable operating system, which is both powerful and easy to use." Mint provides full box multimedia support by including some proprietary software such as Java and Adobe. Mint's motto is "from freedom came elegance".

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Company / developer Clement Lefebvre, Jamie Boo Birse, Kendall Weaver, and community[1]

OS family Unix-like, based on Ubuntu, optionally based on Debian (LMDE)

Working state Active

Source model Free and open-source software and proprietary

Initial release 27 August 2006; 7 years ago

Latest stable release Linux Mint 15 ("Olivia") / May 29, 2013; 3 months ago

Available language(s) Multilingual[2]

Update method APT (+ mintUpdate, Synaptic)

Package manager dpkg

Supported platforms i486, x86-64

Kernel type Monolithic (Linux)

Default user interface 1.0-8: KDE9: GNOME 212: GNOME 3 with MGSE13-14:Cinnamon/MATE/Xfce/LXDE/KDE

License Mainly GPL and various other free software licenses

Official website www.linuxmint.com

Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

New versions of Linux Mint are released every six months. The first release, named "Ada", was released in 2006. Its latest and 15th release is "Olivia".

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

History;

Linux Mint started in 2006 with a beta release of version 1.0, codenamed "Ada", based on Kubuntu. Following its release, version 2.0 was the first version to use Ubuntu as its codebase. Mint had few users from these early versions until the release of 3.0, "Cassandra."[4][5]

Version 2.0 "Barbara" was based on Ubuntu 6.10, using its package repositories and using it as a codebase. From there, Linux Mint followed its own codebase, building each release from its previous one but it continued to use the package repositories from the latest Ubuntu release. As such the distribution never really forked. This resulted in making the base between the two systems almost identical and it guaranteed full compatibility between the two operating systems.[citation needed]

In 2008, Linux Mint adopted the same release cycle as Ubuntu and dropped its minor version number before releasing version 5 "Elyssa". The same year, in an effort to increase the compatibility between the two systems, Linux Mint decided to abandon its code-base and changed the way it built its releases.[citation needed] Starting with version 6 "Felicia" each release was now completely based on the latest Ubuntu release, built directly from it, timed for approximately one month after the corresponding Ubuntu release (i.e. usually in May and November).

In 2010 Linux Mint released Linux Mint Debian Edition. Unlike the other Ubuntu-based editions, it is a rolling release based directly on Debian GNU/Linux and is not tied to Ubuntu packages or its release schedule.

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

The Linux Mint Operating System

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

3.0 The Latest Open Source Application Software

3.1 Meaning of open source application software

Open source application software is computer software that is available in source code

form for which the source code and certain other rights normally reserved for copyright

holders are provided under a software license that permits users to study, change, and improve

the software. Open source licenses often meet the requirements of the Open Source

Definition. Some open source application software is available within the public domain.

Open source application software is very often developed in a public, collaborative manner.

Open source application software is the most prominent example of open source development

and often compared to user-generated content or open content movements. The term open

source application software originated as part of a marketing campaign for free application

software.

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

3.2 Examples of Open Source Application Software

3.2.1 Mozilla Firefox

Developer(s) Mozilla Foundation and contributorsMozilla Corporation

Initial release September 23, 2002; 11 years ago

Stable release 24.0 (September 17, 2013; 23 days ago)[±] [1]

Preview release 25.0b4 (October 1, 2013; 9 days ago) [±] [2]

Development status Active

Written in C/C++,[citation needed] JavaScript,[3] Cascading Style Sheet ,[4] XUL, XBL

Operating system Windows, OS X, Linux, Android,[5] FreeBSD [6]

Engine Gecko

Size 22 MB: Windows[7][8]

44 MB: OS X[7]

27-28 MB: Linux[7]

22 MB: Android[9]

510 MB: source code[7]

Available in 79 languages[10]

Type Web browserFeed reader

License MPL [11]

Website mozilla.org/firefox

Standard(s) HTML5, CSS3, RSS, Atom

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

Description;

Mozilla Firefox is a free and open source web browser developed for Windows, OS X, and Linux, with a mobile version for Android, by Mozilla Foundation and its subsidiary, the Mozilla Corporation. Firefox uses the Gecko layout engine to render web pages, which implements current and anticipated web standards.

As of July 2013, Firefox has between 16% and 21% of worldwide usage, making it the third most popular web browser, according to different sources. According to Mozilla, Firefox counts over 450 million users around the world.[18] The browser has had particular success in Indonesia, Germany, and Poland, where it is the most popular browser with 57%, 45%, and 44% of the market share, respectively.

Firefox 24 running on Mac OSX

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

History;

The Firefox project began as an experimental branch of the Mozilla project by Dave, Joe Hewitt and Blake Ross. They believed the commercial requirements of Netscape's sponsorship and developer-driven creep compromised the utility of the Mozilla browser. To combat what they saw as the Mozilla Suite's software bloat, they created a stand-alone browser, with which they intended to replace the Mozilla Suite. On April 3, 2003, the Mozilla Organization announced that they planned to change their focus from the Mozilla Suite to Firefox and Thunderbird.

Phoenix 0.1 screenshot

The Firefox project has undergone several name changes. Originally titled Phoenix, it was renamed because of trademark problems with Phoenix Technologies. The replacement name, Firebird, provoked an intense response from the Firebird free database software project. In response, the Mozilla Foundation stated that the browser should always bear the name Mozilla Firebird to avoid confusion with the database software. After further pressure from the database server's development community, on February 9, 2004, Mozilla Firebird became Mozilla Firefox,[26] often referred to as simply Firefox. Mozilla prefers that Firefox be abbreviated as Fx or fx, though it is often abbreviated as FF.[27] The Firefox project went through many versions before version 1.0 was released on November 9, 2004.

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

3.2.2 VLC Media Player

Developer(s) VideoLAN Project

Initial release February 1, 2001; 12 years ago

Stable release 2.1.0[1] (September 25, 2013; 15 days ago)[±]

Preview release 2.1.0-rc2[2] (September 12, 2013; 28 days ago) [±]

Written in C, C++, Objective-C using Qt

Operating system Windows, OS X, iOS, Linux, Android,BSD, BeOS, OS/2, Solaris, Syllable,QNX [3]

Available in 53 languages[4]

Type Media player

License GNU General Public License v2 or later and LGPL[5][6]

Website videolan.org/vlc/

Description;

VLC media player (commonly known as VLC) is a portable, free and open-source, platform media and streaming media server written by the VideoLAN project.

VLC media player supports many audio and video compression methods and file formats, including DVD-Video, video CD and streaming protocols. It is able to stream over computer network and to transcode multimedia files.[7]

The default distribution of VLC includes a large number of free decoding and encoding libraries, avoiding the need for finding/calibrating proprietary plugins. Many of VLC's codecs are provided by the libavcodec library from the FFmpeg project, but it uses mainly its own muxer and demuxers and its own protocols implementations. It also gained distinction as the first player to support playback of encrypted DVDs on Linux and OS X by using thelibdvdcss DVD decryption library.

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

History;

The VideoLan project was originally started as an academic project in 1996. VLC used to stand for VideoLAN Client, but since VLC is no longer simply a client, that initialism no longer applies. It was intended to consist of a client and server to stream videos across a campus network. VLC was the client for the VideoLAN project. Originally developed by students at the École Centrale Paris, it is now developed by contributors worldwide and is coordinated by the VideoLAN non-profit organization.

Rewritten from scratch in 1998, it was released under GNU General Public License on 1 February 2001, with authorization from the headmaster of the École Centrale Paris. The functionality of the server program, VideoLan Server (VLS), has mostly been subsumed into VLC and has been deprecated. The project name has been changed to VLC media player because there is no longer a client/server infrastructure.

The cone icon used in VLC is a reference to the traffic cones collected by Ecole Centrale's Networking Students' Association. The cone icon design was changed from a hand drawn low-resolution icon to a higher resolution CGI-rendered version in 2006, illustrated by Richard Øiestad.

After 13 years of development, version 1.0.0 of VLC media player was released on July 7, 2009. Version 2.0.0 of VLC media player was released on February 18, 2012.

In 2011 and 2012, large parts of VLC were relicensed to the GNU Lesser General Public License.

VLC is first in the sourceforge.net overall download count and has been downloaded more than 1.3 billion times.

VLC is now available for the iPad, iPhone, and iPod Touch on Apple's App Store. It was present in the past, was pulled due to a licensing conflict between the GPL and the iTunes Store agreement,[20] but was then resubmitted under the Mozilla Public License

The VLC user interface

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

4.0 The Latest Development in ICT

4.1 Hardware

Phone iPhone 5S

Available in silver, gold, and space gray, iPhone 5s features an A7 chip, a Touch ID fingerprint identity sensor, ultrafast LTE wireless, an iSight camera with a larger 8MP sensor, and iOS 7. Learn more

iPhone 4S

Available in black and white, iPhone 4s features an A5 chip, an 8MP iSight camera, and Siri, the intelligent assistant you control with your voice. Learn more

Color and Finish SilverSpace GrayGold

Black

White

Weight and Dimensions

Height: 4.87 inches (123.8 mm)Width: 2.31 inches (58.6 mm)Depth: 0.30 inch (7.6 mm)Weight: 3.95 ounces (112 grams)

Height: 4.5 inches (115.2 mm)

Width: 2.31 inches (58.6 mm)

Depth: 0.37 inch (9.3 mm)

Weight: 4.9 ounces (140 grams)

Chips

A5 chip

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

A7 chipwith 64-bit architecture

M7 motion coprocessorCellular and

WirelessGSM/EDGEUMTS/HSPA+DC-HSDPACDMA EV-DO Rev. A and Rev. B (CDMA models only)LTE3Wi-Fi (802.11a/b/g/n; 802.11n on 2.4GHz and 5GHz)Bluetooth 4.0GPS and GLONASS

GSM/EDGE

UMTS/HSPA

-

CDMA EV-DO Rev. A4

-

Wi-Fi (802.11b/g/n; 802.11n on 2.4GHz)

Bluetooth 4.0

GPS and GLONASSTouch ID Fingerprint identity sensor -Display 4-inch (diagonal) Retina display

1136-by-640 resolution326 ppi

3.5-inch (diagonal) Retina display

960-by-640 resolution

326 ppiiSight Camera 8 megapixels with 1.5µ pixels

ƒ/2.2 apertureSapphire crystal lens coverTrue Tone flashBackside illumination sensorFive-element lensHybrid IR filterAutofocusTap to focusFace detectionPanoramaAuto image stabilizationBurst modePhoto geotagging

8 megapixels

ƒ/2.4 aperture

-

LED flash

Backside illumination sensor

Five-element lens

Hybrid IR filter

Autofocus

Tap to focus

Face detection

Panorama

-

-

Photo geotaggingVideo Recording 1080p HD video recording 1080p HD video recording

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

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30 fpsTrue Tone flashSlo-mo videoImproved video stabilizationTake still photo while recordingvideoFace detection3x zoomVideo geotaggingTap to focus

30 fps

LED flash

-

Video stabilization

-

Face detection

-

Video geotagging

Tap to focusFacetime Camera 1.2MP photos (1280 by 960)

720p HD video recordingNew backside illumination sensor

VGA-resolution photos

VGA-resolution video recording

Video Calling FaceTimeiPhone 5s to any FaceTime-enabled device over Wi-Fi or cellularInitiate video calls over LTE, DC-HSDPA, HSPA+, 3G, and 2GHVGA-resolution (480 by 368) calls over Wi-Fi

FaceTime

iPhone 4s to any FaceTime-enabled device over Wi-Fi or cellular

Initiate video calls over HSPA, 3G, and 2G

HVGA-resolution (480 by 320) calls over Wi-Fi

Audio Calling FaceTimeiPhone 5s to any FaceTime-enabled device over Wi-Fi or cellular

FaceTime

iPhone 4s to any FaceTime-enabled device over Wi-Fi or cellular

Intelligent Assistant

SiriUse your voice to send messages, set reminders, and more.

SiriUse your voice to send messages, set reminders, and more.

Power and Battery

Built-in rechargeable lithium-ion batteryCharging via USB to computer system or power adapterTalk time: Up to 10 hours on 3GStandby time: Up to 250 hoursInternet use: Up to 8 hours on 3G, up to 10 hours on LTE, up to 10 hours on Wi-FiVideo playback: Up to 10 hoursAudio playback: Up to 40 hours

Built-in rechargeable lithium-ion battery

Charging via USB to computer system or power adapter

Talk time: Up to 8 hours on 3G

Standby time: Up to 200 hours

Internet use: Up to 6 hours on 3G, up to 9 hours on Wi-

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

Fi

Video playback: Up to 10 hours

Audio playback: Up to 40 hours

Headphones Apple EarPods with Remote and MicStorage and travel case

Apple Earphones with Remote and Mic

Sensors Three-axis gyroAccelerometerProximity sensorAmbient light sensorFingerprint identity sensor

Three-axis gyro

Accelerometer

Proximity sensor

Ambient light sensor

-Sim Card Nano-SIM Micro-SIM

Connector Lightning 30-pin

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

4.2 SoftwareiOS

iOS (previously iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system developed and distributed by Apple Originally unveiled in 2007 for the iPhone, it has been extended to support other Apple devices such as the iPod Touch (September 2007), iPad (January 2010),iPad Mini (November 2012) and second-generation Apple TV (September 2010). Unlike Microsoft's Windows Phone and Google's Android, Apple does not license iOS for installation on non-Apple hardware. As of August 2013, Apple's App Store contained more than 900,000 iOS applications, 375,000 of which were optimized for iPad. These apps have collectively been downloaded more than 50 billion times. It had a 21% share of the smartphone mobile operating system units shipped in the fourth quarter of 2012, behind only Google's Android. In June 2012, it accounted for 65% of mobile web data consumption (including use on both the iPod Touch and the iPad). At the half of 2012, there were 410 million devices activated. According to the special media event held by Apple on September 12, 2012, 400 million devices had been sold by June 2012.

The user interface of iOS is based on the concept of direct manipulation, using multi-touch gestures. Interface control elements consist of sliders, switches, and buttons. Interaction with the OS includes gestures such as swipe, tap, pinch, and reverse pinch, all of which have specific definitions within the context of the iOS operating system and its multi-touch interface. Internal accelerometers are used by some applications to respond to shaking the device (one common result is the undo command) or rotating it in three dimensions (one common result is switching from portrait to landscape mode.

iOS is derived from OS X, with which it shares the Darwin foundation and various application frameworks. iOS is Apple's mobile version of the OS X operating system used on Apple computers.

Major versions of iOS are released annually. The current release, iOS 7, was released on September 18, 2013. In iOS, there are four abstraction layers: the Core OS layer, the Core layer, the Media layer, and the Cocoa Touch layer. The current version of the operating system (iOS 7.0.2), dedicates 1–1.5 GB of the device's flash memory for the system partition, using roughly 800 MB of that partition (varying by model) for iOS itself.

iOS currently runs on the iPhone, iPad, iPad Mini, iPod Touch and Apple TV.

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

iOS 6

iOS 6 is the sixth version of the iOS mobile operating system from Apple Inc., initially released on September 19, 2012. The final version of iOS 6 is 6.1.4. It was preceded by iOS 5 (final version was 5.1.1) and was succeeded by iOS 7 on September 18, 2013.

Features;

Two notable apps that iOS 6 removed by default are Google Maps and YouTube.

The built-in Maps app uses Apple's new vector-based engine that eliminates the lag present while downloading bitmaps from Google's servers, making for smoother zooming. New to Maps is turn-by-turn navigation spoken directions in certain countries, 3D views in some major cities and real-time traffic. Turn-by-turn navigation is only available for iPhone 4S or later and iPad 2 or later with cellular capability, while 3D views are only available for iPhone 4S or later, fifth-generation iPod Touch, and iPad 2 and later.

Another change includes the inability to download Podcasts through the regular iTunes application. Instead, users are prompted to download the official Podcasts App in order to continue.

iOS 6 brings the retrieval of documents such as boarding passes, admission tickets, coupons and loyalty cards through its new Passbook app. An iOS device with Passbook can be scanned under a reader to process a mobile payment at participating locations. The app has context-aware features such as notifications for relevant coupons when in the immediate vicinity of a given store.

Apple’s Siri intelligent personal assistant was improved to include the ability to make restaurant reservations, launch apps, dictate Facebook or Twitter updates, retrieve movie reviews and detailed sports statistics. Siri, which previously was only supported on iPhone, is also now supported on iPhone 5, fifth-generation iPod Touch, third- through fourth-generation iPad and iPad Mini.

Facebook comes integrated through Apple’s native apps with iOS 6. Facebook features can be directly accessed from within native apps such as Calendar which can sync Facebook events, or use Facebook’s like button from within the Apple App Store and Game Center.

New privacy settings are available to the user. In addition to location services, the following have been added in iOS 6: photos (already partially restricted in iOS 5), contacts (address book), calendars, reminders, Bluetooth sharing, Twitter, Facebook, and Sina Weibo. iOS 6 also comes with a "Limit ad tracking" user control in the general settings menu to allow users the option to prevent targeted advertising. Apple's Advertising Identifier replaces the company’s existing UDID standard. Advertising networks not yet using Apple's Advertising Identifier device identifier standard would not be affected although Apple will require the standard in the future.

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

iOS 7

iOS 7 is the seventh version of a mobile operating system designed by Apple, under the product name iOS, and is the successor to iOS 6. It was announced at the company’s Apple (WWDC) on June 10, 2013, and was released on September 18, 2013. iOS 7 includes a redesigned user interface and numerous functionality changes. The design of iOS 7's new elements was led by Jony Ive, Apple's Senior Vice President of Design.

Features;

AirDrop

Main article: AirDrop

iOS 7 integrates Apple's ad-hoc Wi-Fi sharing feature AirDrop for the iPhone 5 onward, iPod Touch (5th generation), iPad (4th generation), and iPad Mini.

Control Center

The Control Center interface on an iPod Touch.

The Control Center display is available by swiping up from the bottom of the screen. It provides access to settings such as airplane mode and brightness, media controls, AirPlay and AirDrop, and shortcuts to several apps including a built-in flashlight, clock, calculator, and camera. Other functions offered are the ability to turn on or off Bluetooth, and Do Not Disturb; lock the screen’s orientation; play, pause, or skip a song, and see what is playing; connect to AirPlay-enabled devices; and quickly access the clock, calculator, and camera apps. Users also have access to AirDrop, previously only available on Macs and newly added in iOS 7, as a method of transferring files between iOS devices. iOS in the Car

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

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Other updates

There are seven "dynamic" wallpapers included in the operating system (note iPhone 4 does not receive live wallpapers due to hardware limitations). All seven have "bubble" designs with different colors. The bubbles in the wallpapers move based on the device's accelerometers and gyroscope. Static wallpapers now move with the gyroscope in an effect called Parallax. iOS 7 builds on the limited multitasking introduced in iOS 4 and provides full multitasking for all apps. The multitasking layer also provides for background updating of apps, and previews of all running apps. Photos in iOS 7 uses the EXIF data in each photo to sort photos by date and location, to the year level, and also supports sharing video through iCloud Photo Stream.

Safari in iOS 7 integrates the smart search field first used in Safari 6 for OS X and Mavericks' iCloud implementation of iCloud Keychain. Other changes include infinite tabs, parental controls, and improvements to Twitter sharing and Reading List. The tab area has also been rearranged to look at the tabs from above rather than a paged front-on view. Siri features a new translucent redesign to match the rest of the system, new male and female voices, greater control over system settings, and Twitter, Wikipedia, Bing, and Photos integration. The trusted devices feature alerts the user when they connect their iOS device to a new Mac/PC by asking them if they trust the current computer. This feature is meant to prevent iOS devices from being compromised by potentially malicous software on computers or charging devices. Other changes mentioned, but not fully featured in the keynote, include audio-only calling with the new FaceTime Audio, Notification Center syncing and availability from the lock-screen, Tencent Weibo integration, Wi-Fi Hotspot 2.0, OS-level call blocking, app-specific virtual private networking (VPN), and activation locking through Find My iPhone.

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

5.0 Pervasive Computing

5.1 Meaning of pervasive computing

Ubiquitous computing (ubicomp) is an advanced computing concept where computing is made to appear everywhere and anywhere. In contrast to desktop computing, ubiquitous computing can occur using any device, in any location, and in any format. A user interacts with the computer, which can exist in many different forms - laptop, tablets, terminals, phones, etc. The underlying technologies to support ubiquitous computing include Internet, advanced middleware, operating system, mobile code, sensors, microprocessors, new I/O (input / output), new user interfaces, networks, mobile protocols, location and positioning, new materials, etc.

This new paradigm is also described as pervasive computing, ambient intelligence, or, more recently, every ware, where each term emphasizes slightly different aspects. When primarily concerning the objects involved, it is also physical computing, the Internet of Things, haptic computing, and things that think. Rather than propose a single definition for ubiquitous computing and for these related terms, taxonomy of properties for ubiquitous computing has been proposed, from which different kinds or flavors of ubiquitous systems and applications can be described.

5.2 Two Examples of Pervasive Computing

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

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5.2.1 Pebble (watch)

Also known as PebbleManufacturer Pebble TechnologyType smartwatchIntroductory price Kickstarter backers: USD 115

Pre-orders: USD 150Operating system Pebble OS, CustomizedFreeRTOS.[1] Can communicate with Androidand iOS apps using BluetoothPower 7 days, with updates may last 2-3 weeksMemory 8 App/watch facesDisplay 144 × 168 pixel LCD[2]

Graphics 1 bitInput 4 buttons

3 axis accelerometer with gesture detectionmagnetometer and ambient light sensor[1]

Camera no cameraConnectivity Bluetooth 2.1 + EDR

Bluetooth 4.0 Low EnergyDimensions 50.33 mm (1.981 in) H

32 mm (1.3 in) W8.44 mm (0.332 in) D [3]

Related articles Smart WatchesWebsite getpebble.com

Description;

The Pebble is a smartwatch developed by Pebble Technology and released in 2013 that was funded by raising money via the crowd platform Kickstarter. After raising venture capital for the product under their former name inPulse, the company failed to attract traditional investors under their new brand name, so the company requested crowd funding in April 2012. At the end of the funding, Pebble became the second more information needed] most highly crowd-funded project to date with $10,266,844 pledged by 68,928 people. As of July 4th 2013, Pebble has sold over 85,000 units.

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2013

5.2.2 Google Glass

Also known as Project GlassDeveloper GoogleManufacturer FoxconnType Augmented reality (AR),Optical head-mounted display(OHMD), Wearable technology, Wearable computerRelease date Developers (US): February 2013[1]

Consumers: 2014[2]

Introductory price Explorer version: $1500 USDConsumer Edition: $300-500

Operating system Android [3]  (4.0.4[4])Power Lithium Polymer battery (2.1 Wh)[5]

CPU OMAP 4430 SoC, dual-core[5]

Storage capacity 16 GB Flash total[5] (12 GB of usable memory)[6]

Memory 1GB RAM (682MB available to developers)Display Prism projector, 640×360 pixels (equivalent of a 25 in. screen from 8 ft. away[6])Sound Bone conduction transducer[6]

Input Voice command through microphone,[6]accelerometer,[6]gyroscope,[6]magnetometer,[6] ambient light sensor, proximity sensor

Controller input Touchpad, MyGlass phone appCamera Photos - 5 MP, videos - 720p[6]

Connectivity Wi-Fi 802.11b/g,[6]Bluetooth,[6] micro USBWeight 50gBackwardcompatibility

Any Bluetooth-capable phone; MyGlass companion app requires Android 4.0.3 (Ice Cream Sandwich) or higher[6]

Website google.com/glass

The google glass explorer edition

Description;

Google Glass (styled "GLΛSS") is a wearable computer with anoptical head-mounted display(OHMD) that is being developed by Google in the Project Glassresearch and developmentproject, with a mission of producing a mass-marketubiquitous computer. Google Glass displays information in asmartphone-like hands-free format, that can communicate with the Internet via natural language voice commands.

While the frames do not currently have lenses fitted to them, Google is considering partnerships with sunglass retailers such as Ray-Ban or Warby Parker, and may also open

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

retail stores to allow customers to try on the device. The Explorer Edition cannot be used by people who wear prescription, but Google has confirmed that Glass will eventually work with frames and lenses that match the wearer's prescription; the glasses will be modular and therefore possibly attachable to normal prescription glasses.

Glass is being developed byGoogle X, which has worked on other futuristic technologies such as driverless cars. The project was announced on Google+ by Project Glass lead Babak Parviz, an electrical engineer who has also worked on putting displays into contact lenses; Steve Lee, a product manager and "geolocation specialist"; and Sebastian Thrun, who developed Udacity as well as worked on the autonomous car project. Google has patented the design of Project Glass. Thad Starner, an augmented reality expert, is a technical lead/manager on the project.

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

2013

6.0 Conclusion

ICT technology is constantly evolving. Each update whether it be software or

hardware better than the previous. Open source be it software or hardware give the average

consumer a chance to use great programs for free designed by the community shared together.

Open source software will bring software to new heights with the combined brainpower of

many individuals around the world. Pervasive computing is also evolving at a rapid rate.

Computers are everywhere now, from your wrist to your eyes. The age of computers has just

begun.

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Submission 05: Current and Future Development of Open Source Software and Latest Development in ICT

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7.0 References

http://mbarhanudin.blogspot.com/2010/07/open-source-operating-system.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_software

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_computer_hardware

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_source_software

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_…

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_open_source_operating_systems

http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/O/open_source.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Open_Source_Definition

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_software

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuntu_(operating_system)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluster

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haiku_(operating_system)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Mint

http://iloveubuntu.net/transform-unity-launcher-ubuntu-touch-launcher-ubuntu-touch-launcher-icons

http://www.webupd8.org/2012/05/linux-mint-13-released-2-editions.html

http://www.slashgear.com/xbox-one-vs-xbox-360-whats-changed-21283010/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS_7

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ios_6

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IOS_version_history

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