SWINE FLUSWINE FLU

preventionpreventionDr.T.V.Rao MDDr.T.V.Rao MD

What is Swine influenzaWhat is Swine influenza

Swine influenzaSwine influenza (also called (also called H1N1 H1N1 fluflu, , swine fluswine flu, , hog fluhog flu, and , and pig flupig flu)) is an infection by any one of several is an infection by any one of several types of swine influenza virus. types of swine influenza virus. Swine Swine influenza virusinfluenza virus ( (SIVSIV) is any strain ) is any strain of the influenza family of viruses that of the influenza family of viruses that is endemic in pigs is endemic in pigs

Swine Flu A Global Swine Flu A Global ConcernConcern

Swine flu – A acute Swine flu – A acute respiratory infectionrespiratory infection

Swine flu is an infection caused by a Swine flu is an infection caused by a virus. It's named for a virus that pigs can virus. It's named for a virus that pigs can get. People do not normally get swine get. People do not normally get swine flu, but human infections can and do flu, but human infections can and do happen. The virus is contagious and can happen. The virus is contagious and can spread from human to human. spread from human to human. Symptoms of swine flu in people are Symptoms of swine flu in people are similar to the symptoms of regular similar to the symptoms of regular human flu and include fever, cough, sore human flu and include fever, cough, sore throat, body aches, headache, chills and throat, body aches, headache, chills and fatigue. fatigue.

Swine flu spreads through Swine flu spreads through Respiratory routeRespiratory route

The main way that The main way that influenza viruses influenza viruses are thought to are thought to spread is from spread is from person to person in person to person in respiratory respiratory droplets of coughs droplets of coughs and sneezes. and sneezes.

Swine flu can begin withSwine flu can begin with FFever ever

with with SSudden udden symptoms ofsymptoms of

AAchesches CChillshills TTiredness iredness

May Preset with more May Preset with more severe symptomssevere symptoms

Fever (usually high) Fever (usually high) Headache Headache Muscle aches Muscle aches Chills Chills Extreme tiredness Extreme tiredness Dry cough Dry cough Runny nose may also occur but is more common Runny nose may also occur but is more common

in children than adults in children than adults Stomach symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, Stomach symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting,

and diarrhea, may also occur but are more and diarrhea, may also occur but are more common in children than adultscommon in children than adults

Donot self Diagnose Visit a Health Centre Donot self Diagnose Visit a Health Centre

Yet no Vaccine available for Yet no Vaccine available for Swine fluSwine flu

There are antiviral There are antiviral medicines you can medicines you can take to prevent or take to prevent or treat swine flu. There treat swine flu. There is no vaccine is no vaccine available right now to available right now to protect against swine protect against swine flu. You can help flu. You can help prevent the spread of prevent the spread of germs that cause germs that cause respiratory illnesses respiratory illnesses like influenza like influenza

CDC on Swine FluCDC on Swine Flu Flu is a serious Flu is a serious

contagious contagious disease. Each year disease. Each year in the United in the United States, on average, States, on average, more than 200,000 more than 200,000 people are people are hospitalized and hospitalized and 36,000 people die 36,000 people die from seasonal flu from seasonal flu complicationcomplication

CDC guides the World in CDC guides the World in largelarge

Prevention is the Best Prevention is the Best optionoption

Covering your Covering your nose and nose and mouth with a mouth with a tissue when tissue when you cough or you cough or sneeze. Throw sneeze. Throw the tissue in the tissue in the trash after the trash after you use you use

Hand washing a Top Hand washing a Top prioritypriority

Washing your Washing your hands often with hands often with soap and water, soap and water, especially after you especially after you cough or sneeze. cough or sneeze. You can also use You can also use alcohol-based hand alcohol-based hand cleaners. cleaners.

Touching face regions can Touching face regions can faster the Spreadfaster the Spread

Avoiding Avoiding touching your touching your eyes, nose or eyes, nose or mouth. mouth. Virus can Virus can spread this spread this way in a faster way in a faster wayway

Keep safe distance from Keep safe distance from patientspatients

Trying to Trying to avoid close avoid close contact with contact with sick people. sick people.

Staying home from work or Staying home from work or school if you are sickschool if you are sick

Avoid crowded placesAvoid crowded placesmore so with young more so with young

childrenchildren

Presenting with mild cold Presenting with mild cold like symptoms - Take restlike symptoms - Take rest

If you have flu like If you have flu like symptomssymptoms

If you are sick with flu-like illness, If you are sick with flu-like illness, CDC CDC recommends that you stay home for at least recommends that you stay home for at least 24 hours after your fever is gone except to 24 hours after your fever is gone except to get medical care or for other necessities. get medical care or for other necessities. (Your fever should be gone without the use (Your fever should be gone without the use of a fever-reducing medicine.) Keep away of a fever-reducing medicine.) Keep away from others as much as possible. This is to from others as much as possible. This is to keep from making others sick. keep from making others sick.

While sick, limit contact with others to keep While sick, limit contact with others to keep from infecting them. from infecting them.

The N95 Mask is Effective. The N95 Mask is Effective. but Must be Tight-Fittingbut Must be Tight-Fitting

Using N95 mask reduces Using N95 mask reduces the Riskthe Risk

You can cut your risk You can cut your risk of contracting the flu of contracting the flu or other respiratory or other respiratory viruses by as much as viruses by as much as 80 percent by wearing 80 percent by wearing a mask over your nose a mask over your nose and mouth, according and mouth, according to a new study. to a new study.

Emerging Infectious DiseasesEmerging Infectious Diseases, , the journal of the Centres for the journal of the Centres for Disease Control and Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) .Prevention (CDC) .

Disposing the Trash from Disposing the Trash from patientspatients

Throw away tissues Throw away tissues and other and other disposable items disposable items used by the sick used by the sick person in the trash.person in the trash.

Wash your hands Wash your hands after touching used after touching used tissues and similar tissues and similar waste waste

Keep household surfaces Keep household surfaces Clean and HygienicClean and Hygienic

Keep surfaces Keep surfaces (especially bedside (especially bedside tables, surfaces in the tables, surfaces in the bathroom, and toys bathroom, and toys for children) clean by for children) clean by wiping them down wiping them down with a household with a household disinfectant disinfectant according to according to directions on the directions on the product label. product label.

Care for common matters Care for common matters used by Swine flu patientsused by Swine flu patients

Linens, eating Linens, eating utensils, and utensils, and dishes belonging to dishes belonging to those who are sick those who are sick do not need to be do not need to be cleaned separately, cleaned separately, but importantly but importantly these items should these items should not be shared not be shared without washing without washing thoroughly first. thoroughly first.

Washing linensWashing linens Wash linens (such Wash linens (such

as bed sheets and as bed sheets and towels) by using towels) by using household laundry household laundry soap and tumble dry soap and tumble dry on a hot setting. on a hot setting. Avoid “hugging” Avoid “hugging” laundry prior to laundry prior to washing it to washing it to prevent prevent contaminating contaminating yourself. yourself.

Eating utensils need Eating utensils need cleaningcleaning

Eating utensils Eating utensils should be washed should be washed either in a either in a dishwasher or by dishwasher or by hand with water hand with water and soap. and soap.

Donot forget to wash your Donot forget to wash your hands after all these actshands after all these acts

Anti viral drugsAnti viral drugs If you get seasonal or novel H1N1 flu, If you get seasonal or novel H1N1 flu,

antiviral drugs can treat the flu. antiviral drugs can treat the flu. Antiviral drugs are prescription medicines Antiviral drugs are prescription medicines

(pills, liquid or an inhaled powder) that (pills, liquid or an inhaled powder) that fight against the flu by keeping flu viruses fight against the flu by keeping flu viruses from reproducing in your body. from reproducing in your body.

Antiviral drugs can make your illness Antiviral drugs can make your illness milder and make you feel better faster. milder and make you feel better faster. They may also prevent serious flu They may also prevent serious flu complications. complications.

Anti Viral Drugs should be Anti Viral Drugs should be prescribed, Not a self prescribed, Not a self

MedicationMedication Antiviral drugs are not sold over-the-counter Antiviral drugs are not sold over-the-counter

and are different from antibiotics. and are different from antibiotics. Antiviral drugs may be especially important Antiviral drugs may be especially important

for people who are very sick (hospitalized) or for people who are very sick (hospitalized) or people who are sick with the flu and who are people who are sick with the flu and who are at increased risk of serious flu complications, at increased risk of serious flu complications, such as pregnant women, young children such as pregnant women, young children and those with chronic health condition and those with chronic health condition

For treatment, antiviral drugs work For treatment, antiviral drugs work best if started within the first 2 days of best if started within the first 2 days of symptoms symptoms

No reason to panic –No reason to panic –effective drugs are effective drugs are

availableavailable The two antiviral drugs approved by the FDA The two antiviral drugs approved by the FDA

for treatment and prophylaxis of the 2009 for treatment and prophylaxis of the 2009 H1N1 influenza virus are H1N1 influenza virus are Tami fluTami flu ((oseltamivir phosphate) and oseltamivir phosphate) and RelenzaRelenza (zanamivir). However, health experts caution (zanamivir). However, health experts caution against using them routinely for several against using them routinely for several reasons: the emergence of resistant strains reasons: the emergence of resistant strains when used in mild flu infections, its when used in mild flu infections, its ineffectiveness when given more than 48 ineffectiveness when given more than 48 hours after the onset of flu, the presence of hours after the onset of flu, the presence of side-effects . side-effects .

Swine flu Current MapSwine flu Current Map

Swine flu A great concern Swine flu A great concern in India with > 1 billion in India with > 1 billion

populationpopulation The WHO has raised the Influenza The WHO has raised the Influenza

Pandemic Alert to the highest level Pandemic Alert to the highest level which is 6. Already India has seen over which is 6. Already India has seen over 40 confirmed cases of Swine Flu and the 40 confirmed cases of Swine Flu and the threat of a full blown epidemic in India is threat of a full blown epidemic in India is very real. The best we citizens can do is very real. The best we citizens can do is keep ourselves informed about the keep ourselves informed about the happenings and the steps we can take happenings and the steps we can take to prevent the spread of the flu. to prevent the spread of the flu.

Panic and Fear are much Panic and Fear are much dangerous than Swine Fludangerous than Swine Flu

Created for Public Created for Public Awareness on Swine Awareness on Swine

FluFluDr.T.V.Rao MDDr.T.V.Rao MD

EmailEmaildoctortvrao@gmail.comdoctortvrao@gmail.com