Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution((1900 – 1905)1900 – 1905)

(Matthew Amegadzie, Elliot Wong, (Matthew Amegadzie, Elliot Wong, Annietha Raj, and Sean Wong)Annietha Raj, and Sean Wong)

Describe the land and Describe the land and people of Russia in the year people of Russia in the year

19001900 In the year 1900 Russia was In the year 1900 Russia was huge in term of land. The down huge in term of land. The down side of this is that much of the side of this is that much of the land is too cold to be useful, land is too cold to be useful, such as such as SiberiaSiberia. In the south of . In the south of Russia they have high Russia they have high mountains that are good for mountains that are good for defiance. In 1900 125 million defiance. In 1900 125 million people live in the Tsar people live in the Tsar Nicholas’s empire. Less than Nicholas’s empire. Less than half were Russian. The majority half were Russian. The majority of people who lived there were of people who lived there were Poles and Ukrainians. Everyone Poles and Ukrainians. Everyone had their own language, had their own language, customs, and way of life. Most customs, and way of life. Most people lived on the 5% of land people lived on the 5% of land that was good for farming in that was good for farming in Russia. Russia.

Who was Czar Nicholas II? Who was Czar Nicholas II? Describe his leadership Describe his leadership

style.style.Czar Nicholas II was born in 1868, he Czar Nicholas II was born in 1868, he became a czar only because his became a czar only because his father died, and he was the only father died, and he was the only heir. At first Nicholas did not want heir. At first Nicholas did not want to become czar, he was scared that to become czar, he was scared that he would become cruel like his he would become cruel like his father. As the years went on, his father. As the years went on, his ruling showed that he was ruling showed that he was uneducated and boring. And he uneducated and boring. And he became his fear, an became his fear, an autocratautocrat, , he he wanted full power. He fired or killed wanted full power. He fired or killed any official who interfered with his any official who interfered with his decision. He formed decision. He formed OkhranaOkhrana, so if , so if anyone was disloyal to him he anyone was disloyal to him he would have them banished. He also would have them banished. He also formed formed CossacksCossacks, his back-up , his back-up plan if anything went wrong. He plan if anything went wrong. He suffered an execution in the end of suffered an execution in the end of his reign. his reign.

How was Russian Society How was Russian Society Divided in Terms of Wealth and Divided in Terms of Wealth and

Power?Power?In 1900, 4 out of 5 people in Russia In 1900, 4 out of 5 people in Russia were peasants. This cause people were peasants. This cause people to become to become liberalsliberals. Until 1861 . Until 1861 peasants had been slaves of their peasants had been slaves of their landlords with no rights, no freedom landlords with no rights, no freedom and no land of their own. In 1861 and no land of their own. In 1861 Tsar Alexander II freed the Tsar Alexander II freed the peasants. Now the peasants could peasants. Now the peasants could own land but with conditions. But own land but with conditions. But not everyone was poor, Tsar not everyone was poor, Tsar Alexander had 8 palaces and had Alexander had 8 palaces and had employed over 15000 slaves. employed over 15000 slaves. Although nobles were only 1% of Although nobles were only 1% of the Russian society they owned the Russian society they owned 25% of the land. In 25% of the land. In St PetersburgSt Petersburg nearly a million people went there nearly a million people went there in search of work. The peasants in search of work. The peasants who were freed had so little money who were freed had so little money they had to search for more jobs they had to search for more jobs other than to sell crops.other than to sell crops.

Who was Karl Marx and How Who was Karl Marx and How Did His Ideas Divide Did His Ideas Divide

Russians?Russians?Karl Marx Karl Marx was a German was a German Philosopher as well as an author, Philosopher as well as an author, he was quite poor at that time he was quite poor at that time and was angry about how factory and was angry about how factory owners were becoming richer and owners were becoming richer and richer. In 1848, Karl Marx had richer. In 1848, Karl Marx had wrote a book called wrote a book called Communist Communist Manifesto. Manifesto. In which he announced In which he announced his goals of a political change he his goals of a political change he wanted, so that workers and wanted, so that workers and owners are all paid equally, he owners are all paid equally, he later followed up on this idea with later followed up on this idea with another book called another book called Das Kapital. Das Kapital. His ideas soon spread to Vladimir His ideas soon spread to Vladimir Lenin, which later becomes a Lenin, which later becomes a communistcommunist leader. Vladimir leader. Vladimir Lenin then started the Bolshevik Lenin then started the Bolshevik party, which soon overthrew the party, which soon overthrew the Emperor of Russia.Emperor of Russia.

GlossaryGlossary St Petersburg – a city in Russia where a lot of people St Petersburg – a city in Russia where a lot of people

workedworked Autocrat – a monarch who doesn't have to share powerAutocrat – a monarch who doesn't have to share power Okhrana – secret police force, they censor books and Okhrana – secret police force, they censor books and

newspapers, and a arrest people who criticize the newspapers, and a arrest people who criticize the governmentgovernment

Cossacks – fierce soldiers armed with weapons. Who Cossacks – fierce soldiers armed with weapons. Who specialize in breaking up mobsspecialize in breaking up mobs

Siberia – a region in that takes up 77% of RussiaSiberia – a region in that takes up 77% of Russia Karl Marx – he is a German philosophy and writer that Karl Marx – he is a German philosophy and writer that

inspired Lenin about communism.inspired Lenin about communism. Liberals – someone who wants democracy Liberals – someone who wants democracy Communism - an economic system in which is owned by Communism - an economic system in which is owned by

the governmentthe government

Works CitedWorks CitedSources for InformationSources for Information• "BBC - History - Nicholas II (1868-"BBC - History - Nicholas II (1868-

1918)." 1918)." BBC - HomepageBBC - Homepage. 10 Apr. . 10 Apr. 2009. 09 Apr. 2009 2009. 09 Apr. 2009 <http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/histori<http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/nicholas_ii.shtml>.c_figures/nicholas_ii.shtml>.

• http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Coronation_of_Tsar_Nicholas_II_&_Empress_Alexandra_Feodorovna_-1896.jpeg

• BROOMAN, JOSH. BROOMAN, JOSH. RUSSIA IN RUSSIA IN WAR AND REVOLUTION, 1900-WAR AND REVOLUTION, 1900-24 (20TH CENTURY HISTORY)24 (20TH CENTURY HISTORY). . New York: LONGMAN, 1986.New York: LONGMAN, 1986.

• www.encarta.com• www.britannica.com

Sources for ImagesSources for Images• http://images.google.com/http://images.google.com/

imghp?hl=en&tab=wiimghp?hl=en&tab=wi

Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution((1905 – 1917 1905 – 1917 ))

Shayan KashaniShayan KashaniSamuel SoonSamuel Soon

Georgina SheridanGeorgina Sheridan

What was Bloody Sunday What was Bloody Sunday and why did it happen?and why did it happen?

Russia had just suffered an embarrassing defeat in the war against Japan, and the conditions in workplaces were getting worse and worse. This fuelled a few uprisings, which led to the revolution on Sunday 22, January, 1905. 200,000 workers, headed by Father Gapon, marched peacefully toward the Tsar’s winter palace. They were attempting to persuade the Tsar to withdraw from Japan, and had a resolution in hand that called for a government reform and increased rights for workers. Unfortunately as they were reaching the palace, government troops fired into the crowd, killing 200 and wounding 800, in what came to be known as Bloody Sunday.

Pictures depicting the Bloody Massacre on January 9th, 1905.

What changes in the Tsar’s What changes in the Tsar’s government followed Bloody government followed Bloody

SundaySundayIn October, 1905, the Tsar passed what In October, 1905, the Tsar passed what became known as the October Manifesto. became known as the October Manifesto. Basically this ‘manifesto’ gave basic Basically this ‘manifesto’ gave basic rights like freedom of speech and the rights like freedom of speech and the power to form political parties. It also power to form political parties. It also allowed the formation of a DUMA, or an allowed the formation of a DUMA, or an elected government. It was accepted by elected government. It was accepted by many, but, the revolutionary parties did many, but, the revolutionary parties did not trust the Tsar to keep his word. In not trust the Tsar to keep his word. In 1906 their fears were realized when the 1906 their fears were realized when the Tsar exiled members of the St Petersburg Tsar exiled members of the St Petersburg Soviet, and suddenly crushed all other Soviet, and suddenly crushed all other forms of revolution. A bloody time forms of revolution. A bloody time followed with the evolution of ‘Black followed with the evolution of ‘Black Hundreds’. By March, 1906, the Hundreds’. By March, 1906, the revolution was over and a DUMA had revolution was over and a DUMA had been elected. Unfortunately though, the been elected. Unfortunately though, the first rule in the constitution was that first rule in the constitution was that supreme power belonged to the king, supreme power belonged to the king, changing nothing.changing nothing.

A picture of the first meeting of the DUMA

How did World War I affect How did World War I affect Russia and the Tsar?Russia and the Tsar?

World War I was the main reason of World War I was the main reason of Russia’s great revolutions and the Russia’s great revolutions and the fall of its czarist government. fall of its czarist government. Russia had a cooperation with the Russia had a cooperation with the Austrian force creating large Austrian force creating large army but they still had lack of army but they still had lack of supplies such as weapons and supplies such as weapons and proper clothing. This then lead to proper clothing. This then lead to the death of soldiers who were the death of soldiers who were peasants which then lead to the peasants which then lead to the fall of the Russian economy. This fall of the Russian economy. This caused the unpopularity of the caused the unpopularity of the czars and provoked the people of czars and provoked the people of Russia to rebel against their Russia to rebel against their leaders, the czars. Czars were a leaders, the czars. Czars were a monarchy who had complete monarchy who had complete control over the nation. This Czar control over the nation. This Czar and caused his downfall.and caused his downfall. Tsar (czar) Nicholas II

What were the causes of the What were the causes of the Feb/March Revolution?Feb/March Revolution?

Weakened by world war one, the Weakened by world war one, the economy was a mess. Factory economy was a mess. Factory owners couldn’t pay for worker’s owners couldn’t pay for worker’s wages so they couldn’t let them wages so they couldn’t let them work. Tired and hungry, 250,000 work. Tired and hungry, 250,000 people went on strike. And thus people went on strike. And thus started the Feb/March revolution. started the Feb/March revolution. But beneath the immediate But beneath the immediate effects of these things there were effects of these things there were many long term causes for the many long term causes for the revolution. Russia was messed up revolution. Russia was messed up from the start. Monarch’s weren’t from the start. Monarch’s weren’t really interested in their really interested in their countries welfare and often spent countries welfare and often spent their time indulging leisurely their time indulging leisurely activities. Therefore; they had an activities. Therefore; they had an inefficient bureaucracy and inefficient bureaucracy and government, a disorganized and government, a disorganized and out dated army (the reason for out dated army (the reason for their humiliating defeat at the their humiliating defeat at the war),an overwhelmingly large war),an overwhelmingly large rural population, and a lack of rural population, and a lack of technology. This revolution led technology. This revolution led the way for Bolsheviks led by the way for Bolsheviks led by Vladimir Lenin to take power.Vladimir Lenin to take power.

This is a picture of the factory workers of Petrograd going on strike

GlossaryGlossaryBloody Sunday: Bloody Sunday: The bloody massacre that happened on The bloody massacre that happened on

Sunday Jan. 9. 1905Sunday Jan. 9. 1905Vladimir Lenin: Vladimir Lenin: The leader of the Bolshevik partyThe leader of the Bolshevik partyBolsheviks: Bolsheviks: The members of the social democratic party that The members of the social democratic party that

took powertook powerAbdicate: Abdicate: To renounce A person power right or claimTo renounce A person power right or claimOctober Manifesto: October Manifesto: A document that established the DumaA document that established the DumaDuma: Duma: An elected parliamentAn elected parliament

Works CitedWorks CitedSources for InformationSources for Information• BROOMAN, JOSH. BROOMAN, JOSH. RUSSIA IN WAR AND RUSSIA IN WAR AND

REVOLUTION, 1900-24 (20TH CENTURY REVOLUTION, 1900-24 (20TH CENTURY HISTORY)HISTORY). New York: LONGMAN, 1986.. New York: LONGMAN, 1986.

• "February Revolution -." "February Revolution -." Wikipedia, the Wikipedia, the free encyclopediafree encyclopedia. 14 Apr. 2009 . 14 Apr. 2009 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/February_revolution#Long-term_causes

• "Bloody Sunday (1905) -." "Bloody Sunday (1905) -." Wikipedia, Wikipedia, the free encyclopediathe free encyclopedia. 14 Apr. 2009 . 14 Apr. 2009 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bloody_Sunday_(1905)

• "World War I (1914-18) -- Britannica "World War I (1914-18) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia." Online Encyclopedia." Encyclopedia - Encyclopedia - Britannica Online EncyclopediaBritannica Online Encyclopedia. 14 Apr. . 14 Apr. 2009 2009 http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/648646/World-War-I

Sources for ImagesSources for Images• What Do You Believe? 14 Apr. 2009

http://brianakira.files.wordpress.com/2008/11/tsar-nicholas-ii-18981.jpg

• MTC News Network. 14 Apr. 2009 http://www.milkintheclock.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/03/revolutionfeb.jpg

• Garden of Dreams. 14 Apr. 2009 http://www.mirumu.com/.../BloodySunday1905.jpg

• AbsoluteAstronomy.com. 14 Apr. 2009 http://www.absoluteastronomy.com

• https:/.../11.MR/SCMEDIA/8duma.gif

Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution1917-19181917-1918

Edward, Katie, Kimberly, NatashaEdward, Katie, Kimberly, Natasha

Who was Alexander Kerensky and what Who was Alexander Kerensky and what problems did his Provisional Government problems did his Provisional Government face? face? – Kimberly Liu– Kimberly LiuAlexander Fyodorovich KerenskyAlexander Fyodorovich Kerensky was born on was born on May 4, 1881 in the May 4, 1881 in the village of Simbirsk, Russia. village of Simbirsk, Russia. In 1912, In 1912, Kerensky was elected the second Kerensky was elected the second prime minister of the Russian prime minister of the Russian ProvisionalProvisional Government. He was Government. He was immediately faced with a challenge immediately faced with a challenge from Commander in chief of the from Commander in chief of the armies- General armies- General Lavr Georgyevich Lavr Georgyevich Kornilov. Kornilov claimed Russian Kornilov. Kornilov claimed Russian needed a strong man, and said he needed a strong man, and said he himself should be in charge. himself should be in charge. Although Kerensky managed to Although Kerensky managed to keep his power, he soon lost power keep his power, he soon lost power as the Bolsheviksas the Bolsheviks took over in the took over in the October revolution 1917. Kerensky October revolution 1917. Kerensky the fled to Paris where he hid the fled to Paris where he hid underground before moving to the underground before moving to the united states. united states.

<< Alexander Kerensky

The symbol of the Provisional Government >>

What were the causes of the Nov/Oct What were the causes of the Nov/Oct Revolution? Revolution? – Katie Wong – Katie Wong

The Provisional Government The Provisional Government failed to meet the demands of failed to meet the demands of the people and soon the people and soon demonstrators were in the demonstrators were in the streets demanding power to be streets demanding power to be given to the Soviets. A protest of given to the Soviets. A protest of about 400,000 workers from about 400,000 workers from Moscow and was supported by Moscow and was supported by strikes and protest rallies by strikes and protest rallies by workers of other cities. General workers of other cities. General Kornilov began a military revolt Kornilov began a military revolt and started troops moving and started troops moving toward toward PetrogradPetrograd. Alexander . Alexander Kerensky, leader of the Kerensky, leader of the provisional government allowed provisional government allowed the Bolsheviks to set up a the Bolsheviks to set up a defense force called the defense force called the Red Red Guards Guards to help defend the to help defend the capital. capital.

The defeat of Kornilov’s revolt The defeat of Kornilov’s revolt gave the Bolsheviks more gave the Bolsheviks more authority and as the Bolshevik’s authority and as the Bolshevik’s popularity with the soviets popularity with the soviets increased, they decide to take increased, they decide to take power into its own hands.power into its own hands.

Vladimir Lenin giving a speech during the Nov/Oct Revolution of 1917

Who was Vladimir Lenin and how did he Who was Vladimir Lenin and how did he come to power? come to power? – Natasha Schwab– Natasha Schwab

Vladimir Ilich LeninVladimir Ilich Lenin was born on was born on the 22the 22ndnd of April, 1870 in the town of April, 1870 in the town Simbirsk. He was greatly Simbirsk. He was greatly influenced by his brother who influenced by his brother who was hanged for planning to was hanged for planning to assassinate the tsar, and the assassinate the tsar, and the book book Das Kapital Das Kapital by Karl Marx. by Karl Marx. Lenin spent time out of Russia, Lenin spent time out of Russia, meeting revolutionary leaders. In meeting revolutionary leaders. In 1903, he became the leader of 1903, he became the leader of the the BolsheviksBolsheviks. After being exiled . After being exiled in 1907, he finally returned to in 1907, he finally returned to Russia during World War I with Russia during World War I with the help of the Germans. There the help of the Germans. There he and his army, the Red Guard, he and his army, the Red Guard, overthrew the Provisional overthrew the Provisional Government led by Alexander Government led by Alexander Kerensky, which was the Oct/Nov Kerensky, which was the Oct/Nov Revolution of 1917.Revolution of 1917.

Vladimir Ilich Lenin

What immediate actions did Lenin take What immediate actions did Lenin take following the Nov/Oct Revolution? following the Nov/Oct Revolution? – Edward Zhu – Edward Zhu

Vladimir Lenin was the main Vladimir Lenin was the main leader of the October Revolution leader of the October Revolution and over threw the provisional and over threw the provisional government. After the revolution, government. After the revolution, Vladimir became the first head of Vladimir became the first head of the Union of Soviet Socialist the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics/ Soviet Union. He then Republics/ Soviet Union. He then initiated the GOLERO plan to help initiated the GOLERO plan to help economic recovery and economic recovery and development. Most importantly, development. Most importantly, however, was the action he took however, was the action he took later to take Russia out of World later to take Russia out of World War I. Lenin agreed to the War I. Lenin agreed to the Treaty Treaty of Brest-Litovskof Brest-Litovsk where Russia where Russia gave many western provinces gave many western provinces and a third of their population to and a third of their population to Germany.Germany.

Soviet Union congress members (March 1919, Stalin, Lenin and Mikhail Kalinin)

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

GlossaryGlossary Alexander Kerensky: Leader of the Provisional Government Alexander Kerensky: Leader of the Provisional Government Bolsheviks: A capital party led by Vladimir LeninBolsheviks: A capital party led by Vladimir Lenin Petrograd: Former capital of Russia, now known as St. Petrograd: Former capital of Russia, now known as St.

PetersburgPetersburg Provisional: Temporarily serving until properly replacedProvisional: Temporarily serving until properly replaced Red Guards: Supporters of communismRed Guards: Supporters of communism Treaty of Brest-Litovsk: A peace treaty signed at Brest-Treaty of Brest-Litovsk: A peace treaty signed at Brest-

Litovsk marking Russia’s final withdrawal from WW1Litovsk marking Russia’s final withdrawal from WW1 Vladimir Lenin: The man who brought communism to Vladimir Lenin: The man who brought communism to

Russia, and was leader of theRussia, and was leader of the Bolsheviks who overthrew the Bolsheviks who overthrew the provisional government of Russia in 1917. provisional government of Russia in 1917.

Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution((1918-19241918-1924))

Katrina, Stephen, and HeatherKatrina, Stephen, and Heather

Lenin and the Civil WarLenin and the Civil WarThe uprising of the Czech prisoners

of war was the beginning of the White army. After initial success in taking over towns, enemies of the Bolsheviks joined them including foreign armies.

Lenin appointed Leon Trotsky to lead the Red army. Trotsky was a good military leader and stuck to his laws such as Red Terror. He was smart and shot the Czar so he couldn’t be restored to power. He also enlisted the help of the Cheka [secret political police]. Those measures and the fact that the army was effective and unified unlike the Whites, led the Reds to victory

The White Army. Defeated.

Lenin and CommunismLenin and CommunismVladimir Lenin, born on November Vladimir Lenin, born on November

8th, 1917, had a huge goal to 8th, 1917, had a huge goal to achieve. His goal was to form achieve. His goal was to form war communism war communism throughout throughout Russia. He had three tries in Russia. He had three tries in trying to get and to achieve this trying to get and to achieve this goal. The first try was when he goal. The first try was when he and the Bolsheviks started to and the Bolsheviks started to Soviet State Security Soviet State Security Organization. The reason why Organization. The reason why they did this was so they could they did this was so they could protect their government from protect their government from their enemies. The second try their enemies. The second try was when Lenin and Bolsheviks was when Lenin and Bolsheviks made the Russian Communist made the Russian Communist Party. And last but not least, the Party. And last but not least, the third try was when the Russian third try was when the Russian Civil war was taking place, and Civil war was taking place, and let them to victory.let them to victory.

Vladimir Lenin

Joseph Stalin vs. Leon Joseph Stalin vs. Leon TrotskyTrotsky

Joseph Stalin was the General Secretary Joseph Stalin was the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the of the Communist Party of the U.S.S.RU.S.S.R Central Committee. He Central Committee. He lived from 1922-1953 and did many lived from 1922-1953 and did many influential things such as:influential things such as:

Replacing the Replacing the NewNew EconomicEconomic PolicyPolicy with Five-Year Plans and with Five-Year Plans and launched a period of rapid launched a period of rapid industrialization.industrialization.

Launching campaigns to eliminate Launching campaigns to eliminate corrupt and treacherous people from corrupt and treacherous people from the Communist Partythe Communist Party

Stalin and Trotsky all had the same goal Stalin and Trotsky all had the same goal in mind: to industrialize Russia, the in mind: to industrialize Russia, the way they wanted to do it was way they wanted to do it was however different. Stalin looked however different. Stalin looked inwards while Trotsky wanted to look inwards while Trotsky wanted to look outwards. They were similar in that outwards. They were similar in that they were both dictators who they were both dictators who believed in communism.believed in communism.

Joseph Stalin Leon Trotsky

GlossaryGlossary• Whites: Political and military that opposed the Bolsheviks.Whites: Political and military that opposed the Bolsheviks.• Reds: Bolsheviks [Stalin, Trotsky, Lenin] supported communism.Reds: Bolsheviks [Stalin, Trotsky, Lenin] supported communism.• Cheka: The secret political police O: Cheka: The secret political police O: • Red Terror: Mass arrest and execution conducted by the Red Terror: Mass arrest and execution conducted by the

BolsheviksBolsheviks• War Communism: The economic and political system that was War Communism: The economic and political system that was

in Soviet Russia during the Russian civil warin Soviet Russia during the Russian civil war• New Economic Policy: An economic policy proposed by Lenin to New Economic Policy: An economic policy proposed by Lenin to

prevent the Russian economy from collapsingprevent the Russian economy from collapsing• USSR: United Soviet Socialist USSR: United Soviet Socialist

Works CitedWorks CitedSources for InformationSources for Information "Vladimir Lenin." "Vladimir Lenin." WikipediaWikipedia. . 13 13

Apr. 2009 Apr. 2009 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenin>.enin>.

"Joseph Stalin." "Joseph Stalin." WikipediaWikipedia. . 13 13 Apr. 2009 Apr. 2009 <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_stalin>.seph_stalin>.

Brooman, Josh. Brooman, Josh. Russia In War Russia In War And RevolutionAnd Revolution. USA: Longman . USA: Longman Inc., 1986.Inc., 1986.

Sources for ImagesSources for Images• http://http://

asianbadger.wordpress.com/asianbadger.wordpress.com/2007/10/09/who-is-this-man/2007/10/09/who-is-this-man/

• http://http://commons.wikimedia.org/commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Leon_trotsky.jpgwiki/File:Leon_trotsky.jpg

• http://www.flickr.com/http://www.flickr.com/photos/photos/alogou1775/2302022287/alogou1775/2302022287/

• http://http://www.masterandmargarita.eu/www.masterandmargarita.eu/images/09context/images/09context/kozakken.jpgkozakken.jpg

Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution((1924-19411924-1941))

Simba Chen, Jessica Forden, and Alex Simba Chen, Jessica Forden, and Alex MonaghanMonaghan

How impacts did Stalin have on How impacts did Stalin have on industry and workers?industry and workers?

When Stalin took over, he created the When Stalin took over, he created the ““Five Year PlanFive Year Plan” to improve Russia’s ” to improve Russia’s industry.industry.Stalin innovated a new system of Stalin innovated a new system of work practices in which workers work practices in which workers would get one day off every week of would get one day off every week of their own choice.their own choice.This made workers angry. They This made workers angry. They complained about the heavy complained about the heavy workload. However, this also workload. However, this also brought forth people who would brought forth people who would work every day for special benefits. work every day for special benefits. Negative effects continued to rise. Negative effects continued to rise. In the early 1930s, there were many In the early 1930s, there were many unemployed workers from all over unemployed workers from all over the world, and many came to the world, and many came to Russia. This flooded the towns and Russia. This flooded the towns and created problems for the original created problems for the original citizens. citizens. Industry Manager with workers

What effects did Stalin have on What effects did Stalin have on agriculture and Russia’s farmers?agriculture and Russia’s farmers?

Stalin was eager for Russia to become a Stalin was eager for Russia to become a country that could compare military country that could compare military and economics strengths to other and economics strengths to other advanced coutries. In order to obtain advanced coutries. In order to obtain necessary materials and money for necessary materials and money for this industrialization, he made many this industrialization, he made many peasants work on collective farms. peasants work on collective farms. However, Stalin knew many people However, Stalin knew many people would not like this. would not like this. KulaksKulaks (richer (richer peasants) had the most to lose from peasants) had the most to lose from thesethese collectivescollectives, so he transported , so he transported many of them to places like Siberia. many of them to places like Siberia. However, many people were still However, many people were still mad about being put on the mad about being put on the collective farms and often killed the collective farms and often killed the animals and damaged the crops and animals and damaged the crops and tools. In the end, Russia went tools. In the end, Russia went through many deaths fromthrough many deaths from faminefamine and severely damaged their and severely damaged their agriculture.agriculture.

Russian Collective Farm

How did Stalin deal with opposition to him or his How did Stalin deal with opposition to him or his leadership? How did stalin promote himself and leadership? How did stalin promote himself and

maintain popularity with Russian people?maintain popularity with Russian people?Stalin usually dealt with his opposition by using Stalin usually dealt with his opposition by using

the the NKVDNKVD(Secret Police) or the army to (Secret Police) or the army to assassinate his opponents. One person that assassinate his opponents. One person that could’ve challenged him was Sergei Kirov. could’ve challenged him was Sergei Kirov. Later, Sergei was killed by the NKVD under Later, Sergei was killed by the NKVD under Stalin’s order. Leon Trotsky, a main Stalin’s order. Leon Trotsky, a main competitor for Secretary general, was killed competitor for Secretary general, was killed by the army even though he was great by the army even though he was great allies with them. It lead to Stalin coming allies with them. It lead to Stalin coming into power. From then Stalin would have an into power. From then Stalin would have an enemy assassinated or denounced… and enemy assassinated or denounced… and then assassinated. One famous method was then assassinated. One famous method was purging purging Russia. Stalin killed all those that Russia. Stalin killed all those that he deemed were traitors. For those he he deemed were traitors. For those he feared he would send them to feared he would send them to gulagsgulags where where they would usually starve to death.they would usually starve to death.

It was the use of It was the use of propagandapropaganda that kept Stalin that kept Stalin popular with the Russian community. Stalin popular with the Russian community. Stalin would keep giant pictures of himself to let would keep giant pictures of himself to let people know who’s boss. Books and Media people know who’s boss. Books and Media were censored if they didn’t follow USSR were censored if they didn’t follow USSR guidelines. Later on, people actually started guidelines. Later on, people actually started worshipping himworshipping him

Joseph Stalin

NKVD (A secret police)

GlossaryGlossary• CollectivesCollectives: A farm in which farmers are forced to work : A farm in which farmers are forced to work

together to sell resources to governments at a low fixed together to sell resources to governments at a low fixed raterate

• KulaksKulaks: A term for a wealthy farmer in Russia: A term for a wealthy farmer in Russia• FamineFamine: Extreme loss of food : Extreme loss of food • Five Year PlanFive Year Plan: A 5 year plan to increase development in : A 5 year plan to increase development in

RussiaRussia• GulagGulag: A labor camp where Stalin sent people : A labor camp where Stalin sent people • PurgesPurges: To cleanse: To cleanse• NKVDNKVD: A secret police formed by Vladimir Lennon : A secret police formed by Vladimir Lennon • PropagandaPropaganda: Shaping information in a way to influence : Shaping information in a way to influence

people in a certain directionpeople in a certain direction

Works CitedWorks CitedSources for InformationSources for Information EncartaEncarta WikipediaWikipedia Stalin and the Soviet Stalin and the Soviet

Union by Josh BroomanUnion by Josh Brooman Russian Revolution by Russian Revolution by

Sources for ImagesSources for Images• www.picsearch.comwww.picsearch.com

• Google.comGoogle.com

Russian RevolutionRussian Revolution1939-19531939-1953

Jason Ding, Greg Ng, Lauren RobertsJason Ding, Greg Ng, Lauren Roberts

Describe Russia’s Relationship Describe Russia’s Relationship with other countries prior to with other countries prior to

WWIIWWIIBefore WWII the allied countries Before WWII the allied countries of the west cut off their links with of the west cut off their links with Russia. They were angry with the Russia. They were angry with the communists for withdrawing from communists for withdrawing from the First World War. They were the First World War. They were not invited to sign peace treaties not invited to sign peace treaties or to join the League of Nations. or to join the League of Nations. Thus Russia became an outcast Thus Russia became an outcast in the world. Russia desperately in the world. Russia desperately needed help to rebuild its needed help to rebuild its economy. To get help, they economy. To get help, they started to reestablish their links started to reestablish their links with the outside world. They with the outside world. They started participating in treatise started participating in treatise and such. Germany and Russia and such. Germany and Russia made a made a Nazi-Soviet PactNazi-Soviet Pact; it ; it created trade links between the created trade links between the two countries. By 1929 the USSR two countries. By 1929 the USSR had ties with every major country had ties with every major country except for USA. Still Stalin was except for USA. Still Stalin was suspicious of the other countries. suspicious of the other countries.

What Impact did WWII have What Impact did WWII have On Russia and Stalin’s On Russia and Stalin’s

power?power?After WWII When Stalin was in power After WWII When Stalin was in power he isolated the Soviet citizens; they he isolated the Soviet citizens; they weren’t allowed to marry foreigners weren’t allowed to marry foreigners or travel abroad places. Most people or travel abroad places. Most people were homeless in Russia and some of were homeless in Russia and some of the Soviets. Most of these citizens the Soviets. Most of these citizens were homeless because their houses were homeless because their houses were. Stalin launched a campaign to were. Stalin launched a campaign to glorify the USSR and everything in glorify the USSR and everything in Russia. After this campaign in 1948 Russia. After this campaign in 1948 Stalin made a Jewish meeting and Stalin made a Jewish meeting and Jews who came would be arrested Jews who came would be arrested and accused of anti-Russian and accused of anti-Russian conspiracy. This is how Stalin conspiracy. This is how Stalin became a dictator and Russia was became a dictator and Russia was scarred for Russian life. The Russians scarred for Russian life. The Russians barely got any barely got any reconstruction reconstruction after. after.

A painting of Josef Stalin.

What Actions Did Stalin Take What Actions Did Stalin Take Following WWII to Rebuild and Following WWII to Rebuild and

Extend Russia’s Power?Extend Russia’s Power?After WWII, most of the Soviet After WWII, most of the Soviet Union was destroyed. Villages and Union was destroyed. Villages and towns were all left in ruins. Even towns were all left in ruins. Even though Stalin saw his country like though Stalin saw his country like this, he still continued to this, he still continued to reconstructreconstruct Russia’s heavy Russia’s heavy industry, building factories and industry, building factories and railway locomotives rather than railway locomotives rather than building homes and cars. Stalin building homes and cars. Stalin also isolated Soviet citizens from also isolated Soviet citizens from the world, changing the newspaper the world, changing the newspaper and banning people from traveling and banning people from traveling out of the country. This was out of the country. This was intended to make Russia look good. intended to make Russia look good. Communist countries became Communist countries became supreme in almost every Eastern supreme in almost every Eastern European country. Therefore in European country. Therefore in 1947, Eastern and Western Europe 1947, Eastern and Western Europe was divided, with a barrier in was divided, with a barrier in between called the “between called the “Iron CurtainIron Curtain”.”.

The Iron Curtain is defended by watch-posts, minefields, barbed wire fences and armed guards.

GlossaryGlossary Iron Curtain Iron Curtain – an obstacle dividing Western and Eastern – an obstacle dividing Western and Eastern

Europe, made in 1947.Europe, made in 1947.

Nazi-Soviet Pact Nazi-Soviet Pact – a treaty made between the Soviet – a treaty made between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany.Union and Nazi Germany.

ReconstructionReconstruction – an act reconstructing (to rebuild). – an act reconstructing (to rebuild).

Works CitedWorks CitedSources for InformationSources for Information• BROOMAN, JOSH. BROOMAN, JOSH. STALIN AND THE SOVIET STALIN AND THE SOVIET

UNION U. S. S. R., 1924-53 (LONGMAN 20TH UNION U. S. S. R., 1924-53 (LONGMAN 20TH CENTURY HISTORY SERIES)CENTURY HISTORY SERIES). New York: . New York: LONGMAN, 1988.LONGMAN, 1988.

• "Joseph Stalin." "Joseph Stalin." Http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_StalinHttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Stalin. . <http://www.wikipedia.org/>.<http://www.wikipedia.org/>.

Sources for ImagesSources for Images• All images from Google.com.All images from Google.com.