russian history. kiev -important trading center kiev’s early rulers were scandinavian traders...
TRANSCRIPT
•Kiev -important trading center
•Kiev’s early rulers were Scandinavian traders (Vikings) called Rus
•The people of this region were called the Slavs
Kievan Rus 800’s
KremlinTrade centers >> cities
Built a fort in Moscow called the Kremlin
Inside the Kremlin protected government buildings, churches and palaces
Today the Kremlin is like our Washington, D.C.!
Russian Expansion• 1480 Ivan III (Ivan the Great)
defeated the Mongols• 1547 Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible)
crowns himself first Russian czar (tsar) and pushes the Mongols out
1637 Sea of Okhotsk (uh-kawtsk)
Gradually Russian fur trappers , hunters, and pioneers migrated eastward and reached the Pacific Coast at the Sea of Okhotsk.-The Cossacks –helped eastward expansion & established settlements.
Russian Expansion cont’d
1860 Amur River Region-Russia took much of this region From China…later in the
1905 Russo-Japanese War–Russia lost to Japan!
1682-1725 Czar Peter the Great
Peter the Great made impressive strides toward expanding and modernizing Russia.
-moved the capital from Moscow toSt. Petersburg to try modernize Russia
Rationales (reasons) for expansion:-to spread Christianity- Russian Orthodox to Islamic territories-to restore Eastern Europeans to their Slavic heritage
Russia lags behind Western Europe
-territorial growth was rapid, but its progressive was less impressive
-Russia did not begin to industrialize until the late 1800’s.
Until the 1800’s Russia was one big FARM!
End of an Empire
Late 1800’s Russia began to industrialize, however it resulted in harsh working conditions and low wages.
Russia was still a country of poor peasant farmers called serfs .
Serfs –tied to the land
1861- Alexander II frees the serfs
Results:-Trans-Siberian railway built-updated legal and banking systemsSounds great however…
there were food shortages, people were divided by class (nobility, clergy, intellectuals and peasants) and an economic depression.1914 WWI –Russia suffered huge losses in war.
The people of Russia are angry and frustrated…who do they blame??czars
1917 Russian Revolution
A small group called the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin overthrew the government
Two very important members we will see later in history: Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky
1918 Czar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate He would be the last czar of Russia
Tsar Nicholas II of Russia
1868 – 1918