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HYBRID SYSTEM  Oligarchy = small group of advisors  Real Democracy = struggle over freedoms  Illiberal Democracy = on paper but not free  Autocratic = deference to authority  Statism = strong state protects form outside  Which one?

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Page 2: RUSSIA. USSR  From Tsarist Rule  Communist Revolution in 1917  Superpower  Democratic Revolution in 1991  To Russian Federation

USSRFrom Tsarist Rule…Communist Revolution in 1917SuperpowerDemocratic Revolution in 1991…To Russian Federation

Page 3: RUSSIA. USSR  From Tsarist Rule  Communist Revolution in 1917  Superpower  Democratic Revolution in 1991  To Russian Federation

HYBRID SYSTEMOligarchy = small group of advisorsReal Democracy = struggle over freedomsIlliberal Democracy = on paper but not freeAutocratic = deference to authorityStatism = strong state protects form outsideWhich one?

Page 4: RUSSIA. USSR  From Tsarist Rule  Communist Revolution in 1917  Superpower  Democratic Revolution in 1991  To Russian Federation

PEOPLE AND PLACEGeographyChangeLarge

TraditionStatistOrthodoxyEquality

Page 5: RUSSIA. USSR  From Tsarist Rule  Communist Revolution in 1917  Superpower  Democratic Revolution in 1991  To Russian Federation

CHANGEGovernmentAutocratic TsarsTotalitarian CommunismDemocratic Oligarchy InstitutionsDemocratic CentralismNomenklaturaPolitburo

EconomicNew Economic PolicyCollectivizationGosplanReformsGlastnostDemocratizationPerestoika

Page 6: RUSSIA. USSR  From Tsarist Rule  Communist Revolution in 1917  Superpower  Democratic Revolution in 1991  To Russian Federation

CITIZENS AND THE STATE

ContradictionsSupport idea of democracy

Desire more freedom…but…

Like strong government

Want powerful leaders

CleavagesNationalityReligionSocial ClassUrban/Rural

Attitudes Mistrust Gov.

and

Statist Econ Transition

and

Westernization

Page 7: RUSSIA. USSR  From Tsarist Rule  Communist Revolution in 1917  Superpower  Democratic Revolution in 1991  To Russian Federation

PARTICIPATION100% voting rateChoose within PartyUndeveloped Civil SocietyState CorporatismNashi

Page 8: RUSSIA. USSR  From Tsarist Rule  Communist Revolution in 1917  Superpower  Democratic Revolution in 1991  To Russian Federation

PARTIESWeak structuresShort lifespanPersonalisticLimited powerNot Ideological

United RussiaCommunist PartyLiberal DemocratsA Just Russia“Parties of Power”

Page 9: RUSSIA. USSR  From Tsarist Rule  Communist Revolution in 1917  Superpower  Democratic Revolution in 1991  To Russian Federation

CORPORATISMTop Oligarchs

Own 50% of GNP“Insider Privatization”

Russian Mafiaprotection moneycorruption

MediaPravda

Page 10: RUSSIA. USSR  From Tsarist Rule  Communist Revolution in 1917  Superpower  Democratic Revolution in 1991  To Russian Federation

INSTITUTIONSSemi-PresidentialPresidentPrime MinisterBureaucrats

BicameralFederation Council

Duma

CourtsConstitutionalSupremeKGBReinforce State Authority

MilitaryLoyal to Government

Page 11: RUSSIA. USSR  From Tsarist Rule  Communist Revolution in 1917  Superpower  Democratic Revolution in 1991  To Russian Federation

POLICY AND ISSUESEconomy wavering into marketization and too oil dependent

Foreign Policy dealing with Confederation of Independent States and the West

Recentralization of Power under Putin and in the Kremlin

Development of Civil Society against History of Statism

TerrorismLoss of Population