russia anna evmenova. capital: moscow population: about 200 million language: russian size:...
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Russia
Anna Evmenova
Capital: Moscow
Population: about 200 million
Language: Russian
Size: 7,000,000 square miles
slightly less than 2 times the size
of the US (as big as the United
States and Canada combined)
10 time zones
Religion: Mostly Russian
Orthodox
Fast Facts
Geography• There are varieties of geographical
landscapes: treeless tundra – in the far north, taiga – the south of tundra with huge number of forests, and steppe – dry grassland in the south of Russia
• Climate varies from Subtropical to Arctic - extremes of heat and cold
• Flag: Three horizontal stripes: white – pure; blue – noble; and red – brave was first used by the Russian Empire from 1699 to 1918
Christianity• The beginning of Russia was in the
early part of the ninth century• By 989 Vladimir considered a
number of available faiths and decided upon Greek Orthodoxy
• Christianity was done against people’s will
• Russian Icons weren't painted to be charming but to inspire reflection and self-examination
Ivan IV the Terrible (1547 – 1584)
• Ivan IV (the Terrible) in 1547, reorganized the military, and prepared to smite the Tatars invaded Kiev Russ
• Ivan was not terrible at the beginning but by the 1560s he carried out a pretty horrific campaign against the boyars, confiscating their land
• In 1581, in a rage, he struck his son and heir Ivan with an iron rod, killing him
St. Basil Cathedral
Peter the Great (1682-1725)
• Peter the Great introduced military conscription, simplified the alphabet, changed the calendar, changed his title from Tsar to Emperor, and introduced a hundred other reforms
• In 1703 transfer the capital from Moscow to a new city. Later that new city was called St. Petersburg Triumph Arch
Catherine the Great (1762-1796)
• Catherine went on to become the most powerful sovereign in Europe. She continued Peter the Great's reforms of the Russian state, further increasing central control over the provinces
• The rising influence of European culture in Russia during the 17th and 18th centuries brought Russian artwork closer to the familiar traditions of western painting
Nicholas II Romanov (1894-1917)• The reign of Russia's last emperor,
Nicholas II, began as tragically as it ended, when some 1,500 of his subjects were crushed to death
• Nicholas attempted move Russia toward a constitutional monarchy
• Culture was determined the schooling received by all members of the imperial and other elite families.
• During revolution Nicholas II and his family were sent into internal exile, and eventually killed in July 1918 on Lenin's orders
October Revolution• Because of the war with Japan in 1905 and the First
World War, Russia suffered severe food shortages, and soon suffered an economic collapse. February of 1917, the workers and soldiers had had enough. On October 25, led by Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, they stormed the Winter Palace.
• After the 1917 Revolution the art was in new Bolshevik regime. They produced political posters, organized street pageants and fairs
Soviet Russia/J. Stalin• The first few years of Soviet
rule were marked by an extraordinary outburst of social and cultural change. Lenin's death in 1924 was followed by the decade of Joseph Stalin.
• Agricultural lands were collectivized, creating large, state-run farms.
• Art and literature were placed under much tighter control – the era of Soviet realism.• Religion was violently repressed, as churches were closed, destroyed, or converted to other uses.
Alexander Gerasimov
World War Two and Postwar Years • With the outbreak of the
Second World War, the Soviet Union found itself unprepared for the conflict. Industrial production was slow in converting from civil to military production.
• The war took twenty million lives.
• Russia gained considerable territory and now ranked as one of the greatest world powers
• Stalin remained in power until 1953
• Almost immediately after the death of Stalin, many of the repressive policies that he had instituted were dismantled
• Folk art of the Soviet Union reflected the rich cultural diversity of the fifteen republics.
Breaking of the Soviet Union
• In March of 1985, when Mikhail Gorbachev became general secretary, the need for reforms was pressing.
• Gorbachev's platform for a new Soviet Union was founded on two now-famous terms--glasnost (openness) and perestroika (restructuring).
• In 1990, the Soviet Union itself began to unravel
• The same year Yeltsin became the first president of
Russian Federation. • On December 25,
Gorbachev resigned, and on midnight of December 31, the Soviet flag on top of the Kremlin was replaced by the Russian tricolor.
Russian Art NowadaysNowadays, twice during the century, Russian culturehappened to be separated. But Russian art will always beunique and intriguing
Easter Eggs
Gzhel Fedoskino
Birch-bark Vologda lace