Rural vs. Urban

Rural = conservative moral values; slow-paced; anti-change; traditional roles & views

Urban = modern views and roles; lust for change & “new”; fast-paced

** FYI: New York = 5.6 mil Chicago = 3 mil

Philadelphia = 2 mil

Trends on the Rise Isolationism = pull away from world affairs

Former foreign policy prior to WWI

Nativism = prejudice towards immigrants (again) KKK on rise again Limit immigration – Emergency Quota Act of 1921 ↑ fear & paranoia of radicals & diff. political groups

& urban ideas (change)

Defining Events Red Scare Palmer Raids Sacco-Vanzetti The Scopes Trial Prohibition

Prohibition = 18th Amendment (1919)

Can’t mfg., sale, transport or consume alcohol Liquor = MORAL corruption & crime

A “progressive movement” law Volstead Act (1919) = enforce Prohibition

Understaffed & no $$ = epic fail

Illegal Liquor, a.k.a. “hooch” Peeps tired of sacrifices from WWI; lust for

enjoyment of life Speakeasies = secret bars/nightclubs that

sold illegal liquor; password protected Bootleggers = smugglers of liquor from

other countries (Can. & Mex. huge suppliers)

Make your own = “bathtub gin”

Organized Crime (The Mob) Political Machine evolved

Used bribes & violence to control 1920s major cities

Al Capone = Crime Boss Bootlegging & criminal

empire in Chicago

Chicago = notorious org. crime city in ’20s Illegal & corrupt

Fads & Trends Competitions

Miss America Pageant Dancing (Fox Trot, Charleston, Tango)

Obsessed w/Heroes NY Yankee Babe Ruth –

homerun hitter (#60 in 1927) Charles Lindbergh - 1st solo

non-stop flight across the Atlantic (1927)

Entertainment Games/Sports – crossword puzzles, mahjong,

boxing, tennis, baseball Radio – news, shows & ads

New medium added to shared culture Dramas = The Shadow Comedies = Amos & Andy

cont.

Movies The Jazz Singer (1927) – 1st movie w/sound Steamboat Willie (1928) – 1st animated film

Literature F. Scott Fitzgerald = The Great Gatsby –

negative side of 1920s Ernest Hemingway = The Sun Also Rises & A

Farewell to Arms – criticized war

Groucho Marx

Greta Garbo

Mary Pickford - “America’s Sweetheart”

Rodolfo Valentino – 1920s sex symbol

Clara Bowa - “Ultimate New

Woman”

Bella Lugosi

Summarize

Recap what you have learned about the changes & conflicts occurring during the 1920s from the prev. slides.