rural urban divide in india
DESCRIPTION
This presentation was made in order to serve the students of BITS Pilani to understand the present condition or Gramin Bharat and Urban IndiaTRANSCRIPT
RURAL URBAN DIVIDE IN CONTEMPORARY
INDIA
Tathagato ChakrabortyBIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, PILANI
Email: [email protected]
INDIA
A vast country with diversity
The understanding of diversity is at an elementary level
“UNITY IN DIVERSITY” A famous quote for understanding India as a nation
School level to higher education : all have dealt with the issue of diversification in India in many forms
ISSUES ON DIVERSITY
ETHNIC
SOCIAL NORMS AND VALUES
ECONOMIC STATUS
RELIGIOUS PRACTICES
And many more to add to the list
DIVERSITY or DISPARITY?
An ever debatable context.....
Diversity is said to be horizontal and disparity is vertical
Diversity is healthy and disparity is a disease.
Diversity is appreciable and disparity is to be removed.
INDIA : DIVERSITY AND DISPARITY
On the basis of
1. Socio-cultural
2. Economic .....
Can be stated in two segments...
RURAL AND URBAN
GRAMIN BHARAT (The Rural India)
Share of major part of GDP (agriculture as the main factor)
Economy is dependent on low productivity of agriculture
An agrarian economy with a high degree of vulnerability to collapse due to climatic factors
High indebtedness and poverty issue
URBAN INDIA
Centres of growth Trading and manufacturing and industrial
advancement Rapid economic growth Distinguishable from rest of the Indian
landscape
THE DISPARITY ISSUE
Eventually what exists between rural and urban India is more like disparity than diversity.
ANALYSIS
Indicators of development can ascertain the whether divide or continuum is existing between rural and urban India
MAJOR INDICATORS
SEX RATIO LITERACY EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT MORTALITY AND FERTILITY FACTORS GROWTH RATE FEMALE WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION POVERTY CONSUMPTION PATTERN
GENERAL ASSUMPTION
Indicators will show a decreasing or increasing trend in rural and urban areas respectively.
Will DECREASE from urban to rural Will INCREASE from urban to rural
Literacy Life expectancy
Growth rate Birth rate; death rate and IMR
Educational attainment Poverty
Consumption pattern Sex ration
FWPR
FACTS AND FIGURES
ITEMS URBAN INDIA RURAL INDIA
MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE
SEX RATION 926 947
LITERACY 89.7 79.9 78.6 58.7
BIRTH RATE 18.3 24.1
DEATH RATE 5.8 7.8
GROWTH RATE 31.8 12.2
IMR 32 35 54 56
POVERTY 67.1M 260.3 M
FWPR 11.55 30.98
DIVIDE OR CONTINUUM?
If the indicators decline sharp... The status is said to be DIVIDE
If the indicators decline smooth.... The status is said to CONTINUUM.
Theoretically... This can be examined statistically by creating a composite index.
HYPOTHETICAL GRAPH
EXTERNAL FACTORS
A transport network An industrial establishment Creation of growth pole
Can help reducing the divide factor.
CONCLUSION
This can be used to assess the regional imbalance
Can be understood as the indicators for development
Can help crating an even development
THANK YOU