Sanjeev Kumar Founder & Advisor – The Goat Trust

Ashoka Fellow

WELCOMEWELCOME

“ Nurturing Lives & Livelihoods”

Presentation Outline Goat farming & Rural Entrepreneurship-

Present Challenges for bottom of pyramid ? Goat as business and livelihoods : Strength

and weakness Emerging business opportunities in goat

value chain Basic problems & What we need to do Key concepts of The Goat Trust Learning of The Goat Trust &

Recommendations

Goat and Livelihood

Goat farming : National Perspectives – एक डॉट १०००० बकरी

गरीबों की गाय Poor man’s cow गरीबो का ATM ( एनी टाइम मनी) – चलती फि�रती �सल Walking Crops चलता फि�रता फ्रीज -Moving refrigerator – खुरों पर बैंक Bank on hooves – गरीबों का बीमा Poor Man’s insurance – कज� नाशक Debt Repayer – गरीबों का शुद्ध सोना चाँदी

Goat Density in India

Economic status

Social caste

High Medium Low

Schedule caste & Tribe

Cross bred cows, High yield buffaloes

Cows, Buffaloes, Goats

Goats, backyard Poultry, Pig

OBCs Cross bred cows, High yield buffaloes

Cows & Buffaloes , Sheep

Sheep, Goats, Backyard Poultry

General Cross bred cows, High yield buffaloes

Cows & Buffaloes Desi cows, Goats

MAINSTREAM FOCUS

Goat and its role in livelihoods : Some misconceptions Goats & Household Nutrition Goats & Dry land farmingGoat & Weed management/Forest fire Goat & waste land Manuring Goat farmers role in tree plantation Goats & Women led livelihoods

World ‘s poor people consume more goat milk than any other milk – FAO

Case documented by The Goat Trust – 5.5 liters per day milk

Major problems and solutions Tested –

Problems (effect)

Cause Solutions tested out

High mortality/morbidity

Financial and non financial constraints to adopt improved practices, Less accessibility to first aid services and Knowledge

Village based trained women (called Pashu Sakhi) to enhance best practices /knowledge, provide first aid services and regular training & monitoring , Community Insurance

Genetic degradation/ Low quality of goats

Least focus on Improved buck breeding in goats

Awareness and creation of paid service providers , Selective kids nursery

Feed scarcity and seasonal stress

Low awareness on alternative feed and non existence of fodder cultivation & preservation

PRA based analysis of feed seasonality, kidding seasonality and disease analysis and develop a short and long term plan

Low share of producers in consumer level meat price growth

Absence of transparent system of price estimation of goats . Skewed information exchanges

Live body weight based price estimation , We based marketing (Pashubajaar.com)

Our model for improved practices extension & first aid services – small ruminants

Emerging business opportunities Goat Kids/Lamb Nursery – Serves three purpose of high

FCR, breed conservation and semi stall fed production Breed goat/buck farms – Supply of quality goats/high

genetic worth livestock Live body weight pricing & Marketing Livestock financial services and linkages Livestock Input shop and basic services Value added products and value chain employmentMilk – Cheese , Paneer, soaps, Ice cream & beauty

products Meat – Organic meat, hygiene & quality grading,

processed products Skin – Value added products Hair – Value added products

Value Additions

Goat Milk soap Goat Milk cheese

Graduating Pashu Sakhies –Over 3000 now

The essence/Principles of The Goat Trust led model Facilitating community led support system development Not

distributing goat as assets firstFocus on replacement of low quality goats with productive goatsFacilitate PRA based problem analysis (Feed, disease/kidding

seasonality) before making Goat rearers Group (GRG)Starting from what fits livelihood basket not imposing a unit size Role of women in non traditional area of animal health

management (Livestock Nurse concept)Community based insurance to demystify insurance process and

create accountability Enhancing efficiency of existing market players through use of

technology and process not replacing them (Key identified area for goat market facilitation - Transparency in Market valuation (Live body weight pricing mechanism) & building Information Exchange platform, Value addition of goat manure, hygienic and chemicals free egg meat supply chain development

Strengthen community based goat financing and insurance system – major concepts : Mutuals, micro leasing & Livestock Credit card

Potentials For every 3- 500 goats or 50 -100 goat farmers we

require one input and service provider like Pashu Sakhi

If we clusterise goat activity between, remote villages with significant grazing land, Normal villages and peri urban villages, we can promote livelihoods through rearing at various stages of bucks and goats

For every 1000 goats we require a trader on sustainable basis

One input shop with feed, fodder seeds, herbal and ayurvedic medicines and first aid health care services can sustain for every 200 goat/small livestock farmers

Goat milk can be best source of nutrition to children and HH if we focus our program on proper services and improved management

The woods are lovely, dark and deep, But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleepRobert Frost .

Thanks