7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

1/97

THE 1997 RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE

Rules 1 to 71[Took effect on July 1 1997 !n "cco#$"nce %!t& t&e #esolut!on !n '"# ("tte# )o* +,- "$o.te$ /y t&e

Su.#e0e Cou#t !n '"u!o C!ty on 2.#!l + 19973

PROCEDURE I) RE4IO)2L TRI2L COURTS

[Rules 5 to -93

RULE 5

6I)DS OF PLE2DI)4S

Sect!on 1* Ple"$!ns $ef!ne$*Ple"$!ns "#e t&e %#!tten st"te0ents of t&e

#es.ect!e cl"!0s "n$ $efenses of t&e ."#t!es

su/0!tte$ to t&e cou#t fo# "..#o.#!"te 8u$0ent*Sec* * Ple"$!ns "llo%e$*

T&e cl"!0s of " ."#ty "#e "sse#te$ !n "

co0.l"!nt counte#cl"!0 c#oss:cl"!0 t&!#$

;fou#t& etc*< ."#ty co0.l"!nt o# co0.l"!nt:!n:

!nte#ent!on*T&e $efenses of " ."#ty "#e "llee$ !n t&e "ns%e#

to t&e .le"$!n "sse#t!n " cl"!0 ""!nst &!0*2n "ns%e# 0"y /e #es.on$e$ to /y " #e.ly*

Sec* -* Co0.l"!nt*T&e co0.l"!nt !s t&e .le"$!n "lle!n t&e

.l"!nt!ff=s c"use o# c"uses of "ct!on* T&e n"0es

"n$ #es!$ences of t&e .l"!nt!ff "n$ $efen$"nt

0ust /e st"te$ !n t&e co0.l"!nt*Sec* >* 2ns%e#*

2n "ns%e# !s " .le"$!n !n %&!c& " $efen$!n

."#ty sets fo#t& &!s $efenses*Sec* ?* Defenses*

Defenses 0"y e!t&e# /e ne"t!e o# "ff!#0"t!e*;"< 2 ne"t!e $efense !s t&e s.ec!f!c $en!"l of

t&e 0"te#!"l f"ct o# f"cts "llee$ !n t&e

.le"$!n of t&e cl"!0"nt essent!"l to &!s c"use

o# c"uses of "ct!on*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

2/97

;/< 2n "ff!#0"t!e $efense !s "n "lle"t!on of "

ne% 0"tte# %&!c& %&!le &y.ot&et!c"lly "$0!tt!n

t&e 0"te#!"l "lle"t!ons !n t&e .le"$!n of t&e

cl"!0"nt %oul$ nee#t&eless .#eent o# /"#

#ecoe#y /y &!0* T&e "ff!#0"t!e $efenses !nclu$e

f#"u$ st"tute of l!0!t"t!ons #ele"se ."y0ent

!lle"l!ty st"tute of f#"u$s esto..el fo#0e#

#ecoe#y $!sc&"#e !n /"nk#u.tcy "n$ "ny ot&e#

0"tte# /y %"y of confess!on "n$ "o!$"nce*

Sec* 5* Counte#cl"!0*2 counte#cl"!0 !s "ny cl"!0 %&!c& " $efen$!n

."#ty 0"y &"e ""!nst "n o..os!n ."#ty*Sec* 7* Co0.ulso#y counte#cl"!0*

2 co0.ulso#y counte#cl"!0 !s one %&!c& /e!n

con!@"/le /y t&e #eul"# cou#ts of 8ust!ce

"#!ses out of o# !s connecte$ %!t& t&e

t#"ns"ct!on o# occu##ence const!tut!n t&e

su/8ect 0"tte# of t&e o..os!n ."#ty=s cl"!0 "n$

$oes not #eAu!#e fo# !ts "$8u$!c"t!on t&e

.#esence of t&!#$ ."#t!es of %&o0 t&e cou#t

c"nnot "cAu!#e 8u#!s$!ct!on* Suc& " counte#cl"!0

0ust /e %!t&!n t&e 8u#!s$!ct!on of t&e cou#t /ot&

"s to t&e "0ount "n$ t&e n"tu#e t&e#eof eBce.t

t&"t !n "n o#!!n"l "ct!on /efo#e t&e Re!on"l

T#!"l Cou#t t&e counte#cl"!0 0"y /e cons!$e#e$

co0.ulso#y #e"#$less of t&e "0ount*Sec* +* C#oss:cl"!0*

2 c#oss:cl"!0 !s "ny cl"!0 /y one ."#ty ""!nst "

co:."#ty "#!s!n out of t&e t#"ns"ct!on o#

occu##ence t&"t !s t&e su/8ect 0"tte# e!t&e# of

t&e o#!!n"l "ct!on o# of " counte#cl"!0 t&e#e!n*

Suc& c#oss:cl"!0 0"y !nclu$e " cl"!0 t&"t t&e

."#ty ""!nst %&o0 !t !s "sse#te$ !s o# 0"y /e

l!"/le to t&e c#oss:cl"!0"nt fo# "ll o# ."#t of "

cl"!0 "sse#te$ !n t&e "ct!on ""!nst t&e c#oss:

cl"!0"nt*Sec* 9* Counte#:counte#cl"!0s "n$ counte#:c#oss:cl"!0s*2 counte#cl"!0 0"y /e "sse#te$ ""!nst "n

o#!!n"l counte#:cl"!0"nt*2 c#oss:cl"!0 0"y "lso /e f!le$ ""!nst "n

o#!!n"l c#oss:cl"!0"nt*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

3/97

Sec* 1,* Re.ly*2 #e.ly !s " .le"$!n t&e off!ce o# funct!on of

%&!c& !s to $eny o# "llee f"cts !n $en!"l o#

"o!$"nce of ne% 0"tte#s "llee$ /y %"y of

$efense !n t&e "ns%e# "n$ t&e#e/y 8o!n o# 0"ke

!ssue "s to suc& ne% 0"tte#s* If " ."#ty $oes not

f!le suc& #e.ly "ll t&e ne% 0"tte#s "llee$ !n

t&e "ns%e# "#e $ee0e$ cont#oe#te$*If t&e .l"!nt!ff %!s&es to !nte#.ose "ny cl"!0s

"#!s!n out of t&e ne% 0"tte#s so "llee$ suc&

cl"!0s s&"ll /e set fo#t& !n "n "0en$e$ o#

su..le0ent"l co0.l"!nt*

Sec* 11* T&!#$ ;fou#t& etc*< ."#ty co0.l"!nt*2 t&!#$ ;fou#t& etc*< ."#ty co0.l"!nt !s " cl"!0

t&"t " $efen$!n ."#ty 0"y %!t& le"e of cou#t

f!le ""!nst " .e#son not " ."#ty to t&e "ct!on

c"lle$ t&e t&!#$ ;fou#t& etc*< ."#ty $efen$"nt

fo# cont#!/ut!on !n$e0n!ty su/#o"t!on o# "ny

ot&e# #el!ef !n #es.ect of &!s o..onent=s cl"!0*Sec* 1* '#!n!n ne% ."#t!es*

&en t&e .#esence of ."#t!es ot&e# t&"n t&ose to

t&e o#!!n"l "ct!on !s #eAu!#e$ fo# t&e #"nt!n

of co0.lete #el!ef !n t&e $ete#0!n"t!on of "

counte#cl"!0 o# c#oss:cl"!0 t&e cou#t s&"llo#$e# t&e0 to /e /#ou&t !n "s $efen$"nts !f

8u#!s$!ct!on oe# t&e0 c"n /e o/t"!ne$*Sec* 1-* 2ns%e# to t&!#$ ;fou#t& etc*< ."#ty co0.l"!nt*

2 t&!#$ ;fou#t& etc*< ."#ty $efen$"nt 0"y

"llee !n &!s "ns%e# &!s $efenses counte#cl"!0s

o# c#oss:cl"!0s !nclu$!n suc& $efenses t&"t t&e

t&!#$ ;fou#t& etc*< ."#ty .l"!nt!ff 0"y &"e

""!nst t&e o#!!n"l .l"!nt!ff=s cl"!0* In .#o.e#

c"ses &e 0"y "lso "sse#t " counte#cl"!0 ""!nst

t&e o#!!n"l .l"!nt!ff !n #es.ect of t&e l"tte#=scl"!0 ""!nst t&e t&!#$:."#ty .l"!nt!ff*

RULE 7

P2RTS OF 2 PLE2DI)4

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

4/97

Sect!on 1* C".t!on*

T&e c".t!on sets fo#t& t&e n"0e of t&e cou#t t&e

t!tle of t&e "ct!on "n$ t&e $ocket nu0/e# !f

"ss!ne$*T&e t!tle of t&e "ct!on !n$!c"tes t&e n"0es of

t&e ."#t!es* T&ey s&"ll "ll /e n"0e$ !n t&e

o#!!n"l co0.l"!nt o# .et!t!on /ut !n su/seAuent

.le"$!ns !t s&"ll /e suff!c!ent !f t&e n"0e of

t&e f!#st ."#ty on e"c& s!$e /e st"te$ %!t& "n

"..#o.#!"te !n$!c"t!on %&en t&e#e "#e ot&e#

."#t!es*T&e!# #es.ect!e ."#t!c!."t!on !n t&e c"se s&"ll

/e !n$!c"te$*

Sec* * T&e /o$y*T&e /o$y of t&e .le"$!n sets fo#t& !ts

$es!n"t!on t&e "lle"t!ons of t&e ."#ty=s

cl"!0s o# $efenses t&e #el!ef .#"ye$ fo# "n$

t&e $"te of t&e .le"$!n*;"< P"#"#".&s* : T&e "lle"t!ons !n t&e /o$y of

" .le"$!n s&"ll /e $!!$e$ !nto ."#"#".&s so

nu0/e#e$ "s to /e #e"$!ly !$ent!f!e$ e"c& of

%&!c& s&"ll cont"!n " st"te0ent of " s!nle set

of c!#cu0st"nces so f"# "s t&"t c"n /e $one %!t&

conen!ence* 2 ."#"#".& 0"y /e #efe##e$ to /y

!ts nu0/e# !n "ll succee$!n .le"$!ns*;/< He"$!ns* : &en t%o o# 0o#e c"uses of "ct!on

"#e 8o!ne$ t&e st"te0ent of t&e f!#st s&"ll /e

.#ef"ce$ /y t&e %o#$s f!#st c"use of "ct!on of

t&e secon$ /y secon$ c"use of "ct!on "n$ so on

fo# t&e ot&e#s*&en one o# 0o#e ."#"#".&s !n t&e "ns%e# "#e"$$#esse$ to one of see#"l c"uses of "ct!on !n

t&e co0.l"!nt t&ey s&"ll /e .#ef"ce$ /y t&e

%o#$s "ns%e# to t&e f!#st c"use of "ct!on o#

"ns%e# to t&e secon$ c"use of "ct!on "n$ so on

"n$ %&en one o# 0o#e ."#"#".&s of t&e "ns%e# "#e

"$$#esse$ to see#"l c"uses of "ct!on t&ey s&"ll

/e .#ef"ce$ /y %o#$s to t&"t effect*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

5/97

;c< Rel!ef* : T&e .le"$!n s&"ll s.ec!fy t&e

#el!ef sou&t /ut !t 0"y "$$ " ene#"l .#"ye#

fo# suc& fu#t&e# o# ot&e# #el!ef "s 0"y /e $ee0e$

8ust o# eAu!t"/le*;$< D"te* : Ee#y .le"$!n s&"ll /e $"te$*

Sec* -* S!n"tu#e "n$ "$$#ess*Ee#y .le"$!n 0ust /e s!ne$ /y t&e ."#ty o#

counsel #e.#esent!n &!0 st"t!n !n e!t&e# c"se

&!s "$$#ess %&!c& s&oul$ not /e " .ost off!ce /oB*

T&e s!n"tu#e of counsel const!tutes "

ce#t!f!c"te /y &!0 t&"t &e &"s #e"$ t&e .le"$!n

t&"t to t&e /est of &!s kno%le$e !nfo#0"t!on

"n$ /el!ef t&e#e !s oo$ #oun$ to su..o#t !t

"n$ t&"t !t !s not !nte#.ose$ fo# $el"y*2n uns!ne$ .le"$!n .#o$uces no le"l effect*

Ho%ee# t&e cou#t 0"y !n !ts $!sc#et!on "llo%

suc& $ef!c!ency to /e #e0e$!e$ !f !t s&"ll "..e"#

t&"t t&e s"0e %"s $ue to 0e#e !n"$e#tence "n$

not !nten$e$ fo# $el"y* Counsel %&o $el!/e#"tely

f!les "n uns!ne$ .le"$!n o# s!ns " .le"$!n

!n !ol"t!on of t&!s Rule o# "llees sc"n$"lous

o# !n$ecent 0"tte# t&e#e!n o# f"!ls to .#o0.tly

#e.o#t to t&e cou#t " c&"ne of &!s "$$#ess

s&"ll /e su/8ect to "..#o.#!"te $!sc!.l!n"#y"ct!on*

Sec* >* Ve#!f!c"t!on*EBce.t %&en ot&e#%!se s.ec!f!c"lly #eAu!#e$ /y

l"% o# #ule .le"$!ns nee$ not /e un$e# o"t&

e#!f!e$ o# "cco0."n!e$ /y "ff!$"!t*2 .le"$!n !s e#!f!e$ /y "n "ff!$"!t t&"t t&e

"ff!"nt &"s #e"$ t&e .le"$!n "n$ t&"t t&e

"lle"t!ons t&e#e!n "#e t#ue "n$ co##ect of &!skno%le$e "n$ /el!ef*2 .le"$!n #eAu!#e$ to /e e#!f!e$ %&!c& cont"!ns

" e#!f!c"t!on /"se$ on !nfo#0"t!on "n$ /el!ef

o# u.on kno%le$e !nfo#0"t!on "n$ /el!ef o#

l"cks " .#o.e# e#!f!c"t!on s&"ll /e t#e"te$ "s

"n uns!ne$ .le"$!n*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

6/97

Sec* ?* Ce#t!f!c"t!on ""!nst fo#u0 s&o..!n*T&e .l"!nt!ff o# .#!nc!."l ."#ty s&"ll ce#t!fy

un$e# o"t& !n t&e co0.l"!nt o# ot&e# !n!t!"to#y

.le"$!n "sse#t!n " cl"!0 fo# #el!ef o# !n "

s%o#n ce#t!f!c"t!on "nneBe$ t&e#eto "n$

s!0ult"neously f!le$ t&e#e%!t& ;"< t&"t &e &"s

not t&e#etofo#e co00ence$ "ny "ct!on o# f!le$ "ny

cl"!0 !nol!n t&e s"0e !ssues !n "ny cou#t

t#!/un"l o# Au"s!:8u$!c!"l "ency "n$ to t&e

/est of &!s kno%le$e no suc& ot&e# "ct!on o#

cl"!0 !s .en$!n t&e#e!n ;/< !f t&e#e !s suc&

ot&e# .en$!n "ct!on o# cl"!0 " co0.lete

st"te0ent of t&e .#esent st"tus t&e#eof "n$ ;c* C"."c!ty*

F"cts s&o%!n t&e c"."c!ty of " ."#ty to sue o#

/e sue$ o# t&e "ut&o#!ty of " ."#ty to sue o# /e

sue$ !n " #e.#esent"t!e c"."c!ty o# t&e le"l

eB!stence of "n o#"n!@e$ "ssoc!"t!on of .e#sons

t&"t !s 0"$e " ."#ty 0ust /e "e##e$* 2 ."#ty

$es!#!n to #"!se "n !ssue "s to t&e le"l

eB!stence of "ny ."#ty o# t&e c"."c!ty of "ny

."#ty to sue o# /e sue$ !n " #e.#esent"t!e

c"."c!ty s&"ll $o so /y s.ec!f!c $en!"l %&!c&

s&"ll !nclu$e suc& su..o#t!n ."#t!cul"#s "s "#e.ecul!"#ly %!t&!n t&e .le"$e#=s kno%le$e*

Sec* ?* F#"u$ 0!st"ke con$!t!on of t&e 0!n$*In "ll "e#0ents of f#"u$ o# 0!st"ke t&e

c!#cu0st"nces const!tut!n f#"u$ o# 0!st"ke 0ust

/e st"te$ %!t& ."#t!cul"#!ty* ("l!ce !ntent

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

8/97

kno%le$e o# ot&e# con$!t!on of t&e 0!n$ of "

.e#son 0"y /e "e##e$ ene#"lly*Sec* 5* Ju$0ent*

In .le"$!n " 8u$0ent o# $ec!s!on of " $o0est!c

o# fo#e!n cou#t 8u$!c!"l o# Au"s!:8u$!c!"l

t#!/un"l o# of " /o"#$ o# off!ce# !t !s

suff!c!ent to "e# t&e 8u$0ent o# $ec!s!on

%!t&out sett!n fo#t& 0"tte# s&o%!n 8u#!s$!ct!on

to #en$e# !t*Sec* 7* 2ct!on o# $efense /"se$ on $ocu0ent*

&enee# "n "ct!on o# $efense !s /"se$ u.on "

%#!tten !nst#u0ent o# $ocu0ent t&e su/st"nce of

suc& !nst#u0ent o# $ocu0ent s&"ll /e set fo#t& !n

t&e .le"$!n "n$ t&e o#!!n"l o# " co.y t&e#eof

s&"ll /e "tt"c&e$ to t&e .le"$!n "s "n eB&!/!t

%&!c& s&"ll /e $ee0e$ to /e " ."#t of t&e

.le"$!n o# s"!$ co.y 0"y %!t& l!ke effect /e

set fo#t& !n t&e .le"$!n*Sec* +* Ho% to contest suc& $ocu0ents*

&en "n "ct!on o# $efense !s foun$e$ u.on "

%#!tten !nst#u0ent co.!e$ !n o# "tt"c&e$ to t&e

co##es.on$!n .le"$!n "s .#o!$e$ !n t&e

.#ece$!n sect!on t&e enu!neness "n$ $ue

eBecut!on of t&e !nst#u0ent s&"ll /e $ee0e$

"$0!tte$ unless t&e "$e#se ."#ty un$e# o"t&

s.ec!f!c"lly $en!es t&e0 "n$ sets fo#t& %&"t &ecl"!0s to /e t&e f"cts /ut t&e #eAu!#e0ent of "n

o"t& $oes not "..ly %&en t&e "$e#se ."#ty $oes

not "..e"# to /e " ."#ty to t&e !nst#u0ent o#

%&en co0.l!"nce %!t& "n o#$e# fo# "n !ns.ect!on

of t&e o#!!n"l !nst#u0ent !s #efuse$*Sec* 9* Off!c!"l $ocu0ent o# "ct*

In .le"$!n "n off!c!"l $ocu0ent o# off!c!"l "ct

!t !s suff!c!ent to "e# t&"t t&e $ocu0ent %"s

!ssue$ o# t&e "ct $one !n co0.l!"nce %!t& l"%*Sec* 1,* S.ec!f!c $en!"l*

2 $efen$"nt 0ust s.ec!fy e"c& 0"te#!"l "lle"t!on

of f"ct t&e t#ut& of %&!c& &e $oes not "$0!t "n$

%&enee# .#"ct!c"/le s&"ll set fo#t& t&e

su/st"nce of t&e 0"tte#s u.on %&!c& &e #el!es to

su..o#t &!s $en!"l* &e#e " $efen$"nt $es!#es to

$eny only " ."#t of "n "e#0ent &e s&"ll s.ec!fy

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

9/97

so 0uc& of !t "s !s t#ue "n$ 0"te#!"l "n$ s&"ll

$eny only t&e #e0"!n$e#* &e#e " $efen$"nt !s

%!t&out kno%le$e o# !nfo#0"t!on suff!c!ent to

fo#0 " /el!ef "s to t&e t#ut& of " 0"te#!"l

"e#0ent 0"$e !n t&e co0.l"!nt &e s&"ll so

st"te "n$ t&!s s&"ll &"e t&e effect of " $en!"l*

Sec* 11* 2lle"t!ons not s.ec!f!c"lly $en!e$ $ee0e$

"$0!tte$*("te#!"l "e#0ent !n t&e co0.l"!nt ot&e# t&"n

t&ose "s to t&e "0ount of unl!Au!$"te$ $"0"es

s&"ll /e $ee0e$ "$0!tte$ %&en not s.ec!f!c"lly

$en!e$* 2lle"t!ons of usu#y !n " co0.l"!nt to

#ecoe# usu#!ous !nte#est "#e $ee0e$ "$0!tte$ !f

not $en!e$ un$e# o"t&*Sec* 1* St#!k!n out of .le"$!n o# 0"tte# cont"!ne$

t&e#e!n*U.on 0ot!on 0"$e /y " ."#ty /efo#e #es.on$!n to

" .le"$!n o# !f no #es.ons!e .le"$!n !s

.e#0!tte$ /y t&ese Rules u.on 0ot!on 0"$e /y "

."#ty %!t&!n t%enty ;,< $"ys "fte# t&e se#!ce

of t&e .le"$!n u.on &!0 o# u.on t&e cou#t=s o%n

!n!t!"t!e "t "ny t!0e t&e cou#t 0"y o#$e# "ny

.le"$!n to /e st#!cken out o# t&"t "ny s&"0 o#

f"lse #e$un$"nt !00"te#!"l !0.e#t!nent o#

sc"n$"lous 0"tte# /e st#!cken out t&e#ef#o0*RULE 9EFFECT OF F2ILURE TO PLE2D

Sect!on 1* Defenses "n$ o/8ect!ons not .le"$e$*

Defenses "n$ o/8ect!ons not .le"$e$ e!t&e# !n "

0ot!on to $!s0!ss o# !n t&e "ns%e# "#e $ee0e$

%"!e$* Ho%ee# %&en !t "..e"#s f#o0 t&e

.le"$!ns o# t&e e!$ence on #eco#$ t&"t t&e

cou#t &"s no 8u#!s$!ct!on oe# t&e su/8ect0"tte# t&"t t&e#e !s "not&e# "ct!on .en$!n

/et%een t&e s"0e ."#t!es fo# t&e s"0e c"use o#

t&"t t&e "ct!on !s /"##e$ /y " .#!o# 8u$0ent o#

/y st"tute of l!0!t"t!ons t&e cou#t s&"ll

$!s0!ss t&e cl"!0*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

10/97

Sec* * Co0.ulso#y counte#cl"!0 o# c#oss:cl"!0 not set u.

/"##e$*2 co0.ulso#y counte#cl"!0 o# " c#oss:cl"!0 not

set u. s&"ll /e /"##e$*Sec* -* Def"ult $ecl"#"t!on of*

If t&e $efen$!n ."#ty f"!ls to "ns%e# %!t&!n t&e

t!0e "llo%e$ t&e#efo# t&e cou#t s&"ll u.on

0ot!on of t&e cl"!0!n ."#ty %!t& not!ce to t&e

$efen$!n ."#ty "n$ .#oof of suc& f"!lu#e

$ecl"#e t&e $efen$!n ."#ty !n $ef"ult*

T&e#eu.on t&e cou#t s&"ll .#ocee$ to #en$e#

8u$0ent #"nt!n t&e cl"!0"nt suc& #el!ef "s &!s

.le"$!n 0"y %"##"nt unless t&e cou#t !n !ts

$!sc#et!on #eAu!#es t&e cl"!0"nt to su/0!t

e!$ence* Suc& #ece.t!on of e!$ence 0"y /e

$ele"te$ to t&e cle#k of cou#t*;"< Effect of o#$e# of $ef"ult* : 2 ."#ty !n

$ef"ult s&"ll /e ent!tle$ to not!ce of su/seAuent

.#ocee$!ns /ut not to t"ke ."#t !n t&e t#!"l*;/< Rel!ef f#o0 o#$e# of $ef"ult* : 2 ."#ty

$ecl"#e$ !n $ef"ult 0"y "t "ny t!0e "fte# not!ce

t&e#eof "n$ /efo#e 8u$0ent f!le " 0ot!on un$e#

o"t& to set "s!$e t&e o#$e# of $ef"ult u.on

.#o.e# s&o%!n t&"t &!s f"!lu#e to "ns%e# %"s $ue

to f#"u$ "cc!$ent 0!st"ke o# eBcus"/lenel!ence "n$ t&"t &e &"s " 0e#!to#!ous $efense*

In suc& c"se t&e o#$e# of $ef"ult 0"y /e set

"s!$e on suc& te#0s "n$ con$!t!ons "s t&e 8u$e

0"y !0.ose !n t&e !nte#est of 8ust!ce*;c< Effect of ."#t!"l $ef"ult* : &en " .le"$!n

"sse#t!n " cl"!0 st"tes " co00on c"use of "ct!on

""!nst see#"l $efen$!n ."#t!es so0e of %&o0

"ns%e# "n$ t&e ot&e#s f"!l to $o so t&e cou#t

s&"ll t#y t&e c"se ""!nst "ll u.on t&e "ns%e#s

t&us f!le$ "n$ #en$e# 8u$0ent u.on t&e e!$ence.#esente$*;$< EBtent of #el!ef to /e "%"#$e$* : 2 8u$0ent

#en$e#e$ ""!nst " ."#ty !n $ef"ult s&"ll not

eBcee$ t&e "0ount o# /e $!ffe#ent !n k!n$ f#o0

t&"t .#"ye$ fo# no# "%"#$ unl!Au!$"te$ $"0"es*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

11/97

;e< &e#e no $ef"ults "llo%e$* : If t&e $efen$!n

."#ty !n "n "ct!on fo# "nnul0ent o# $ecl"#"t!on

of null!ty of 0"##!"e o# fo# le"l se."#"t!on

f"!ls to "ns%e# t&e cou#t s&"ll o#$e# t&e

.#osecut!n "tto#ney to !nest!"te %&et&e# o#

not " collus!on /et%een t&e ."#t!es eB!sts "n$

!f t&e#e !s no collus!on to !nte#ene fo# t&e

St"te !n o#$e# to see to !t t&"t t&e e!$ence

su/0!tte$ !s not f"/#!c"te$*

RULE 1,

2(E)DED 2)D SUPPLE(E)T2L PLE2DI)4S

Sect!on 1* 20en$0ents !n ene#"l*

Ple"$!ns 0"y /e "0en$e$ /y "$$!n o# st#!k!n

out "n "lle"t!on o# t&e n"0e of "ny ."#ty o# /y

co##ect!n " 0!st"ke !n t&e n"0e of " ."#ty o# "

0!st"ken o# !n"$eAu"te "lle"t!on o# $esc#!.t!on

!n "ny ot&e# #es.ect so t&"t t&e "ctu"l 0e#!ts

of t&e cont#oe#sy 0"y s.ee$!ly /e $ete#0!ne$

%!t&out #e"#$ to tec&n!c"l!t!es "n$ !n t&e 0ost

eB.e$!t!ous "n$ !neB.ens!e 0"nne#*Sec* * 20en$0ents "s " 0"tte# of #!&t*

2 ."#ty 0"y "0en$ &!s .le"$!n once "s " 0"tte#of #!&t "t "ny t!0e /efo#e " #es.ons!e .le"$!n

!s se#e$ o# !n t&e c"se of " #e.ly "t "ny t!0e

%!t&!n ten ;l,< $"ys "fte# !t !s se#e$*Sec* -* 20en$0ents /y le"e of cou#t*

EBce.t "s .#o!$e$ !n t&e neBt .#ece$!n sect!on

su/st"nt!"l "0en$0ents 0"y /e 0"$e only u.on

le"e of cou#t* 'ut suc& le"e 0"y /e #efuse$ !f

!t "..e"#s to t&e cou#t t&"t t&e 0ot!on %"s 0"$e

%!t& !ntent to $el"y* O#$e#s of t&e cou#t u.on

t&e 0"tte#s .#o!$e$ !n t&!s sect!on s&"ll /e0"$e u.on 0ot!on f!le$ !n cou#t "n$ "fte# not!ce

to t&e "$e#se ."#ty "n$ "n o..o#tun!ty to /e

&e"#$*Sec* >* Fo#0"l "0en$0ents*

2 $efect !n t&e $es!n"t!on of t&e ."#t!es "n$

ot&e# cle"#ly cle#!c"l o# ty.o#".&!c"l e##o#s

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

12/97

0"y /e su00"#!ly co##ecte$ /y t&e cou#t "t "ny

st"e of t&e "ct!on "t !ts !n!t!"t!e o# on

0ot!on .#o!$e$ no .#e8u$!ce !s c"use$ t&e#e/y

to t&e "$e#se ."#ty*Sec* ?* 20en$0ent to confo#0 to o# "ut&o#!@e .#esent"t!on

of e!$ence*&en !ssues not #"!se$ /y t&e .le"$!ns "#e t#!e$

%!t& t&e eB.#ess o# !0.l!e$ consent of t&e

."#t!es t&ey s&"ll /e t#e"te$ !n "ll #es.ects "s

!f t&ey &"$ /een #"!se$ !n t&e .le"$!ns* Suc&

"0en$0ent of t&e .le"$!ns "s 0"y /e necess"#y to

c"use t&e0 to confo#0 to t&e e!$ence "n$ to

#"!se t&ese !ssues 0"y /e 0"$e u.on 0ot!on of "ny

."#ty "t "ny t!0e een "fte# 8u$0ent /ut

f"!lu#e to "0en$ $oes not "ffect t&e #esult of

t&e t#!"l of t&ese !ssues* If e!$ence !s

o/8ecte$ to "t t&e t#!"l on t&e #oun$ t&"t !t !s

not %!t&!n t&e !ssues 0"$e /y t&e .le"$!ns t&e

cou#t 0"y "llo% t&e .le"$!ns to /e "0en$e$ "n$

s&"ll $o so %!t& l!/e#"l!ty !f t&e .#esent"t!on

of t&e 0e#!ts of t&e "ct!on "n$ t&e en$s of

su/st"nt!"l 8ust!ce %!ll /e su/se#e$ t&e#e/y*

T&e cou#t 0"y #"nt " cont!nu"nce to en"/le t&e

"0en$0ent to /e 0"$e*Sec* 5* Su..le0ent"l .le"$!ns*

U.on 0ot!on of " ."#ty t&e cou#t 0"y u.on#e"son"/le not!ce "n$ u.on suc& te#0s "s "#e

8ust .e#0!t &!0 to se#e " su..le0ent"l .le"$!n

sett!n fo#t& t#"ns"ct!ons occu##ences o# eents

%&!c& &"e &"..ene$ s!nce t&e $"te of t&e

.le"$!n sou&t to /e su..le0ente$* T&e "$e#se

."#ty 0"y .le"$ t&e#eto %!t&!n ten ;1,< $"ys f#o0

not!ce of t&e o#$e# "$0!tt!n t&e su..le0ent"l

.le"$!n*Sec* 7* F!l!n of "0en$e$ .le"$!ns*

&en "ny .le"$!n !s "0en$e$ " ne% co.y of t&eent!#e .le"$!n !nco#.o#"t!n t&e "0en$0ents

%&!c& s&"ll /e !n$!c"te$ /y "..#o.#!"te 0"#ks

s&"ll /e f!le$*Sec* +* Effect of "0en$e$ .le"$!ns*

2n "0en$e$ .le"$!n su.e#se$es t&e .le"$!n t&"t

!t "0en$s* Ho%ee# "$0!ss!ons !n su.e#se$e$

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

13/97

.le"$!ns 0"y /e #ece!e$ !n e!$ence ""!nst t&e

.le"$e# "n$ cl"!0s o# $efenses "llee$ t&e#e!n

not !nco#.o#"te$ !n t&e "0en$e$ .le"$!n s&"ll /e

$ee0e$ %"!e$*RULE 11

HE) TO FILE RESPO)SIVE PLE2DI)4S

Sect!on 1* 2ns%e# to t&e co0.l"!nt*

T&e $efen$"nt s&"ll f!le &!s "ns%e# to t&e

co0.l"!nt %!t&!n f!fteen ;l?< $"ys "fte# se#!ce

of su00ons unless " $!ffe#ent .e#!o$ !s f!Be$ /y

t&e cou#t*Sec* * 2ns%e# of " $efen$"nt fo#e!n .#!"te 8u#!$!c"l

ent!ty*&e#e t&e $efen$"nt !s " fo#e!n .#!"te

8u#!$!c"l ent!ty "n$ se#!ce of su00ons !s 0"$e

on t&e oe#n0ent off!c!"l $es!n"te$ /y l"% to

#ece!e t&e s"0e t&e "ns%e# s&"ll /e f!le$

%!t&!n t&!#ty ;-,< $"ys "fte# #ece!.t of su00ons

/y suc& ent!ty*Sec* -* 2ns%e# to "0en$e$ co0.l"!nt*

&e#e t&e .l"!nt!ff f!les "n "0en$e$ co0.l"!nt "s

" 0"tte# of #!&t t&e $efen$"nt s&"ll "ns%e# t&es"0e %!t&!n f!fteen ;l?< $"ys "fte# /e!n se#e$

%!t& " co.y t&e#eof*&e#e !ts f!l!n !s not " 0"tte# of #!&t t&e

$efen$"nt s&"ll "ns%e# t&e "0en$e$ co0.l"!nt

%!t&!n ten ;1,< $"ys f#o0 not!ce of t&e o#$e#

"$0!tt!n t&e s"0e* 2n "ns%e# e"#l!e# f!le$ 0"y

se#e "s t&e "ns%e# to t&e "0en$e$ co0.l"!nt !f

no ne% "ns%e# !s f!le$*T&!s Rule s&"ll "..ly to t&e "ns%e# to "n "0en$e$counte#cl"!0 "0en$e$ c#oss:cl"!0 "0en$e$ t&!#$

;fou#t& etc*< ."#ty co0.l"!nt "n$ "0en$e$

co0.l"!nt:!n:!nte#ent!on*

Sec* >* 2ns%e# to counte#cl"!0 o# c#oss:cl"!0*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

14/97

2 counte#cl"!0 o# c#oss:cl"!0 0ust /e "ns%e#e$

%!t&!n ten ;l,< $"ys f#o0 se#!ce*Sec* ?* 2ns%e# to t&!#$ ;fou#t& etc*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

15/97

RULE 1

'ILL OF P2RTICUL2RS

Sect!on 1* &en "..l!e$ fo# .u#.ose*

'efo#e #es.on$!n to " .le"$!n " ."#ty 0"y 0oe

fo# " $ef!n!te st"te0ent o# fo# " /!ll of

."#t!cul"#s of "ny 0"tte# %&!c& !s not "e##e$

%!t& suff!c!ent $ef!n!teness o# ."#t!cul"#!ty to

en"/le &!0 .#o.e#ly to .#e."#e &!s #es.ons!e

.le"$!n* If t&e .le"$!n !s " #e.ly t&e 0ot!on

0ust /e f!le$ %!t&!n ten ;1,< $"ys f#o0 se#!ce

t&e#eof* Suc& 0ot!on s&"ll .o!nt out t&e $efects

co0.l"!ne$ of t&e ."#"#".&s %&e#e!n t&ey "#e

cont"!ne$ "n$ t&e $et"!ls $es!#e$*Sec* * 2ct!on /y t&e cou#t*

U.on t&e f!l!n of t&e 0ot!on t&e cle#k of cou#t

0ust !00e$!"tely /#!n !t to t&e "ttent!on of t&e

cou#t %&!c& 0"y e!t&e# $eny o# #"nt !t out#!&t

o# "llo% t&e ."#t!es t&e o..o#tun!ty to /e &e"#$*Sec* -* Co0.l!"nce %!t& o#$e#*

If t&e 0ot!on !s #"nte$ e!t&e# !n %&ole o# !n

."#t t&e co0.l!"nce t&e#e%!t& 0ust /e effecte$

%!t&!n ten ;l,< $"ys f#o0 not!ce of t&e o#$e#unless " $!ffe#ent .e#!o$ !s f!Be$ /y t&e cou#t*

T&e /!ll of ."#t!cul"#s o# " 0o#e $ef!n!te

st"te0ent o#$e#e$ /y t&e cou#t 0"y /e f!le$

e!t&e# !n " se."#"te o# !n "n "0en$e$ .le"$!n

se#!n " co.y t&e#eof on t&e "$e#se ."#ty*Sec* >* Effect of non:co0.l!"nce*

If t&e o#$e# !s not o/eye$ o# !n c"se of

!nsuff!c!ent co0.l!"nce t&e#e%!t& t&e cou#t 0"y

o#$e# t&e st#!k!n out of t&e .le"$!n o# t&e

.o#t!ons t&e#eof to %&!c& t&e o#$e# %"s $!#ecte$o# 0"ke suc& ot&e# o#$e# "s !t $ee0s 8ust*

Sec* ?* St"y of .e#!o$ to f!le #es.ons!e .le"$!n*2fte# se#!ce of t&e /!ll of ."#t!cul"#s o# of "

0o#e $ef!n!te .le"$!n o# "fte# not!ce of $en!"l

of &!s 0ot!on t&e 0o!n ."#ty 0"y f!le &!s

#es.ons!e .le"$!n %!t&!n t&e .e#!o$ to %&!c& &e

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

16/97

%"s ent!tle$ "t t&e t!0e of f!l!n &!s 0ot!on

%&!c& s&"ll not /e less t&"n f!e ;?< $"ys !n "ny

eent*Sec* 5* '!ll " ."#t of .le"$!n*

2 /!ll of ."#t!cul"#s /eco0es ."#t of t&e

.le"$!n fo# %&!c& !t !s !nten$e$*RULE 1-

FILI)4 2)D SERVICE OF PLE2DI)4S

JUD4(E)TS 2)D OTHER P2PERS

Sect!on 1* Coe#"e*

T&!s Rule s&"ll oe#n t&e f!l!n of "ll

.le"$!ns "n$ ot&e# .".e#s "s %ell "s t&e

se#!ce t&e#eof eBce.t t&ose fo# %&!c& "

$!ffe#ent 0o$e of se#!ce !s .#esc#!/e$*Sec* * F!l!n "n$ se#!ce $ef!ne$*

F!l!n !s t&e "ct of .#esent!n t&e .le"$!n o#

ot&e# .".e# to t&e cle#k of cou#t*Se#!ce !s t&e "ct of .#o!$!n " ."#ty %!t& "

co.y of t&e .le"$!n o# .".e# conce#ne$* If "ny

."#ty &"s "..e"#e$ /y counsel se#!ce u.on &!0

s&"ll /e 0"$e u.on &!s counsel o# one of t&e0unless se#!ce u.on t&e ."#ty &!0self !s o#$e#e$

/y t&e cou#t* &e#e one counsel "..e"#s fo#

see#"l ."#t!es &e s&"ll only /e ent!tle$ to one

co.y of "ny .".e# se#e$ u.on &!0 /y t&e o..os!te

s!$e*

Sec* -* ("nne# of f!l!n*T&e f!l!n of .le"$!ns "..e"#"nces 0ot!ons

not!ces o#$e#s 8u$0ents "n$ "ll ot&e# .".e#s

s&"ll /e 0"$e /y .#esent!n t&e o#!!n"l co.!est&e#eof .l"!nly !n$!c"te$ "s suc& .e#son"lly to

t&e cle#k of cou#t o# /y sen$!n t&e0 /y

#e!ste#e$ 0"!l* In t&e f!#st c"se t&e cle#k of

cou#t s&"ll en$o#se on t&e .le"$!n t&e $"te "n$

&ou# of f!l!n* In t&e secon$ c"se t&e $"te of

t&e 0"!l!n of 0ot!ons .le"$!ns o# "ny ot&e#

.".e#s o# ."y0ents o# $e.os!ts "s s&o%n /y t&e

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

17/97

.ost off!ce st"0. on t&e enelo.e o# t&e #e!st#y

#ece!.t s&"ll /e cons!$e#e$ "s t&e $"te of t&e!#

f!l!n ."y0ent o# $e.os!t !n cou#t* T&e

enelo.e s&"ll /e "tt"c&e$ to t&e #eco#$ of t&e

c"se*Sec* >* P".e#s #eAu!#e$ to /e f!le$ "n$ se#e$*

Ee#y 8u$0ent #esolut!on o#$e# .le"$!n

su/seAuent to t&e co0.l"!nt %#!tten 0ot!on

not!ce "..e"#"nce $e0"n$ offe# of 8u$0ent o#

s!0!l"# .".e#s s&"ll /e f!le$ %!t& t&e cou#t "n$

se#e$ u.on t&e ."#t!es "ffecte$*Sec* ?* (o$es of se#!ce*

Se#!ce of .le"$!ns 0ot!ons not!ces o#$e#s

8u$0ents "n$ ot&e# .".e#s s&"ll /e 0"$e e!t&e#

.e#son"lly o# /y 0"!l*Sec* 5* Pe#son"l se#!ce*

Se#!ce of t&e .".e#s 0"y /e 0"$e /y $el!e#!n

.e#son"lly " co.y to t&e ."#ty o# &!s counsel o#

/y le"!n !t !n &!s off!ce %!t& &!s cle#k o#

%!t& " .e#son &"!n c&"#e t&e#eof* If no .e#son

!s foun$ !n &!s off!ce o# &!s off!ce !s not

kno%n o# &e &"s no off!ce t&en /y le"!n t&e

co.y /et%een t&e &ou#s of e!&t !n t&e 0o#n!n

"n$ s!B !n t&e een!n "t t&e ."#ty=s o#

counsel=s #es!$ence !f kno%n %!t& " .e#son of

suff!c!ent "e "n$ $!sc#et!on t&en #es!$!nt&e#e!n*

Sec* 7* Se#!ce /y 0"!l*Se#!ce /y #e!ste#e$ 0"!l s&"ll /e 0"$e /y

$e.os!t!n t&e co.y !n t&e off!ce !n " se"le$

enelo.e .l"!nly "$$#esse$ to t&e ."#ty o# &!s

counsel "t &!s off!ce !f kno%n ot&e#%!se "t &!s

#es!$ence !f kno%n %!t& .ost"e fully .#e:."!$

"n$ %!t& !nst#uct!ons to t&e .ost0"ste# to #etu#n

t&e 0"!l to t&e sen$e# "fte# ten ;l,< $"ys !f

un$el!e#e$* If no #e!st#y se#!ce !s ""!l"/le!n t&e loc"l!ty of e!t&e# t&e sen$e# o# t&e

"$$#essee se#!ce 0"y /e $one /y o#$!n"#y 0"!l*Sec* +* Su/st!tute$ se#!ce*

If se#!ce of .le"$!ns 0ot!ons not!ces

#esolut!ons o#$e#s "n$ ot&e# .".e#s c"nnot /e

0"$e un$e# t&e t%o .#ece$!n sect!ons t&e off!ce

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

18/97

"n$ .l"ce of #es!$ence of t&e ."#ty o# &!s

counsel /e!n unkno%n se#!ce 0"y /e 0"$e /y

$el!e#!n t&e co.y to t&e cle#k of cou#t %!t&

.#oof of f"!lu#e of /ot& .e#son"l se#!ce "n$

se#!ce /y 0"!l* T&e se#!ce !s co0.lete "t t&e

t!0e of suc& $el!e#y*Sec* 9* Se#!ce of 8u$0ents f!n"l o#$e#s o# #esolut!ons*

Ju$0ents f!n"l o#$e#s o# #esolut!ons s&"ll /e

se#e$ e!t&e# .e#son"lly o# /y #e!ste#e$ 0"!l*

&en " ."#ty su00one$ /y .u/l!c"t!on &"s f"!le$

to "..e"# !n t&e "ct!on 8u$0ents f!n"l o#$e#s

o# #esolut!ons ""!nst &!0 s&"ll /e se#e$ u.on

&!0 "lso /y .u/l!c"t!on "t t&e eB.ense of t&e

.#e"!l!n ."#ty*Sec* 1,* Co0.leteness of se#!ce*

Pe#son"l se#!ce !s co0.lete u.on "ctu"l

$el!e#y* Se#!ce /y o#$!n"#y 0"!l !s co0.lete

u.on t&e eB.!#"t!on of ten ;1,< $"ys "fte#

0"!l!n unless t&e cou#t ot&e#%!se .#o!$es*

Se#!ce /y #e!ste#e$ 0"!l !s co0.lete u.on

"ctu"l #ece!.t /y t&e "$$#essee o# "fte# f!e

;?< $"ys f#o0 t&e $"te &e #ece!e$ t&e f!#st

not!ce of t&e .ost0"ste# %&!c&ee# $"te !s

e"#l!e#*Sec* 11* P#!o#!t!es !n 0o$es of se#!ce "n$ f!l!n*

&enee# .#"ct!c"/le t&e se#!ce "n$ f!l!n of.le"$!ns "n$ ot&e# .".e#s s&"ll /e $one

.e#son"lly* EBce.t %!t& #es.ect to .".e#s

e0"n"t!n f#o0 t&e cou#t " #eso#t to ot&e# 0o$es

0ust /e "cco0."n!e$ /y " %#!tten eB.l"n"t!on %&y

t&e se#!ce o# f!l!n %"s not $one .e#son"lly* 2

!ol"t!on of t&!s Rule 0"y /e c"use to cons!$e#

t&e .".e# "s not f!le$*Sec* 1* P#oof of f!l!n*

T&e f!l!n of " .le"$!n o# .".e# s&"ll /e .#oe$

/y !ts eB!stence !n t&e #eco#$ of t&e c"se* If !t!s not !n t&e #eco#$ /ut !s cl"!0e$ to &"e /een

f!le$ .e#son"lly t&e f!l!n s&"ll /e .#oe$ /y

t&e %#!tten o# st"0.e$ "ckno%le$0ent of !ts

f!l!n /y t&e cle#k of cou#t on " co.y of t&e

s"0e !f f!le$ /y #e!ste#e$ 0"!l /y t&e

#e!st#y #ece!.t "n$ /y t&e "ff!$"!t of t&e

.e#son %&o $!$ t&e 0"!l!n cont"!n!n " full

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

19/97

st"te0ent of t&e $"te "n$ .l"ce of $e.os!t!n t&e

0"!l !n t&e .ost off!ce !n " se"le$ enelo.e

"$$#esse$ to t&e cou#t %!t& .ost"e fully

.#e."!$ "n$ %!t& !nst#uct!ons to t&e .ost0"ste#

to #etu#n t&e 0"!l to t&e sen$e# "fte# ten ;1,* )ot!ce of l!s .en$ens*

In "n "ct!on "ffect!n t&e t!tle o# t&e #!&t of

.ossess!on of #e"l .#o.e#ty t&e .l"!nt!ff "n$

t&e $efen$"nt %&en "ff!#0"t!e #el!ef !s cl"!0e$!n &!s "ns%e# 0"y #eco#$ !n t&e off!ce of t&e

#e!st#y of $ee$s of t&e .#o!nce !n %&!c& t&e

.#o.e#ty !s s!tu"te$ " not!ce of t&e .en$ency of

t&e "ct!on* S"!$ not!ce s&"ll cont"!n t&e n"0es

of t&e ."#t!es "n$ t&e o/8ect of t&e "ct!on o#

$efense "n$ " $esc#!.t!on of t&e .#o.e#ty !n

t&"t .#o!nce "ffecte$ t&e#e/y* Only f#o0 t&e

t!0e of f!l!n suc& not!ce fo# #eco#$ s&"ll "

.u#c&"se# o# encu0/#"nce# of t&e .#o.e#ty

"ffecte$ t&e#e/y /e $ee0e$ to &"e const#uct!e

not!ce of t&e .en$ency of t&e "ct!on "n$ only of!ts .en$ency ""!nst t&e ."#t!es $es!n"te$ /y

t&e!# #e"l n"0es*T&e not!ce of l!s .en$ens &e#e!n"/oe 0ent!one$

0"y /e c"ncelle$ only u.on o#$e# of t&e cou#t

"fte# .#o.e# s&o%!n t&"t t&e not!ce !s fo# t&e

.u#.ose of 0olest!n t&e "$e#se ."#ty o# t&"t

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

20/97

!t !s not necess"#y to .#otect t&e #!&ts of t&e

."#ty %&o c"use$ !t to /e #eco#$e$*

RULE 1>

SU((O)S

Sect!on 1* Cle#k to !ssue su00ons*

U.on t&e f!l!n of t&e co0.l"!nt "n$ t&e ."y0ent

of t&e #eAu!s!te le"l fees t&e cle#k of cou#t

s&"ll fo#t&%!t& !ssue t&e co##es.on$!n su00ons

to t&e $efen$"nts*Sec* * Contents*

T&e su00ons s&"ll /e $!#ecte$ to t&e $efen$"nt

s!ne$ /y t&e cle#k of cou#t un$e# se"l "n$

cont"!n;"< t&e n"0e of t&e cou#t "n$ t&e n"0es of t&e

."#t!es to t&e "ct!on;/< " $!#ect!on t&"t t&e $efen$"nt "ns%e# %!t&!n

t&e t!0e f!Be$ /y t&ese Rules;c< " not!ce t&"t unless t&e $efen$"nt so

"ns%e#s .l"!nt!ff %!ll t"ke 8u$0ent /y $ef"ult

"n$ 0"y /e #"nte$ t&e #el!ef "..l!e$ fo#*2 co.y of t&e co0.l"!nt "n$ o#$e# fo# "..o!nt0ent

of u"#$!"n "$ l!te0 !f "ny s&"ll /e "tt"c&e$

to t&e o#!!n"l "n$ e"c& co.y of t&e su00ons*Sec* -* 'y %&o0 se#e$*

T&e su00ons 0"y /e se#e$ /y t&e s&e#!ff &!s

$e.uty o# ot&e# .#o.e# cou#t off!ce# o# fo#

8ust!f!"/le #e"sons /y "ny su!t"/le .e#son

"ut&o#!@e$ /y t&e cou#t !ssu!n t&e su00ons*Sec* >* Retu#n*

&en t&e se#!ce &"s /een co0.lete$ t&e se#e#

s&"ll %!t&!n f!e ;?< $"ys t&e#ef#o0 se#e "

co.y of t&e #etu#n .e#son"lly o# /y #e!ste#e$

0"!l to t&e .l"!nt!ff=s counsel "n$ s&"ll

#etu#n t&e su00ons to t&e cle#k %&o !ssue$ !t

"cco0."n!e$ /y .#oof of se#!ce*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

21/97

Sec* ?* Issu"nce of "l!"s su00ons*If " su00ons !s #etu#ne$ %!t&out /e!n se#e$ on

"ny o# "ll of t&e $efen$"nts t&e se#e# s&"ll

"lso se#e " co.y of t&e #etu#n on t&e

.l"!nt!ff=s counsel st"t!n t&e #e"sons fo# t&e

f"!lu#e of se#!ce %!t&!n f!e ;?< $"ys

t&e#ef#o0* In suc& " c"se o# !f t&e su00ons &"s

/een lost t&e cle#k on $e0"n$ of t&e .l"!nt!ff

0"y !ssue "n "l!"s su00ons*Sec* 5* Se#!ce !n .e#son on $efen$"nt*

&enee# .#"ct!c"/le t&e su00ons s&"ll /e se#e$

/y &"n$!n " co.y t&e#eof to t&e $efen$"nt !n

.e#son o# !f &e #efuses to #ece!e "n$ s!n fo#

!t /y ten$e#!n !t to &!0*Sec* 7* Su/st!tute$ se#!ce*

If fo# 8ust!f!"/le c"uses t&e $efen$"nt c"nnot

/e se#e$ %!t&!n " #e"son"/le t!0e "s .#o!$e$ !n

t&e .#ece$!n sect!on se#!ce 0"y /e effecte$

;"< /y le"!n co.!es of t&e su00ons "t t&e

$efen$"nt=s #es!$ence %!t& so0e .e#son of

su!t"/le "e "n$ $!sc#et!on t&en #es!$!n

t&e#e!n o# ;/< /y le"!n t&e co.!es "t

$efen$"nt=s off!ce o# #eul"# .l"ce of /us!ness

%!t& so0e co0.etent .e#son !n c&"#e t&e#eof*Sec* +* Se#!ce u.on ent!ty %!t&out 8u#!$!c"l .e#son"l!ty*

&en .e#sons "ssoc!"te$ !n "n ent!ty %!t&out

8u#!$!c"l .e#son"l!ty "#e sue$ un$e# t&e n"0e /y

%&!c& t&ey "#e ene#"lly o# co00only kno%n

se#!ce 0"y /e effecte$ u.on "ll t&e $efen$"nts

/y se#!n u.on "ny one of t&e0 o# u.on t&e

.e#son !n c&"#e of t&e off!ce o# .l"ce of

/us!ness 0"!nt"!ne$ !n suc& n"0e* 'ut suc&

se#!ce s&"ll not /!n$ !n$!!$u"lly "ny .e#son

%&ose connect!on %!t& t&e ent!ty &"s u.on $ue

not!ce /een see#e$ /efo#e t&e "ct!on %"s

/#ou&t*Sec* 9* Se#!ce u.on .#!sone#s*&en t&e $efen$"nt !s " .#!sone# conf!ne$ !n "

8"!l o# !nst!tut!on se#!ce s&"ll /e effecte$

u.on &!0 /y t&e off!ce# &"!n t&e 0"n"e0ent of

suc& 8"!l o# !nst!tut!on %&o !s $ee0e$ $e.ut!@e$

"s " s.ec!"l s&e#!ff fo# s"!$ .u#.ose*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

22/97

Sec* 1,* Se#!ce u.on 0!no#s "n$ !nco0.etents*&en t&e $efen$"nt !s " 0!no# !ns"ne o#

ot&e#%!se "n !nco0.etent se#!ce s&"ll /e 0"$e

u.on &!0 .e#son"lly "n$ on &!s le"l u"#$!"n !f

&e &"s one o# !f none u.on &!s u"#$!"n "$

l!te0 %&ose "..o!nt0ent s&"ll /e "..l!e$ fo# /y

t&e .l"!nt!ff* In t&e c"se of " 0!no# se#!ce

0"y "lso /e 0"$e on &!s f"t&e# o# 0ot&e#*Sec* 11* Se#!ce u.on $o0est!c .#!"te 8u#!$!c"l ent!ty*

&en t&e $efen$"nt !s " co#.o#"t!on ."#tne#s&!.

o# "ssoc!"t!on o#"n!@e$ un$e# t&e l"%s of t&e

P&!l!..!nes %!t& " 8u#!$!c"l .e#son"l!ty se#!ce

0"y /e 0"$e on t&e .#es!$ent 0"n"!n ."#tne#

ene#"l 0"n"e# co#.o#"te sec#et"#y t#e"su#e#

o# !n:&ouse counsel*Sec* 1* Se#!ce u.on fo#e!n .#!"te 8u#!$!c"l ent!ty*

&en t&e $efen$"nt !s " fo#e!n .#!"te 8u#!$!c"l

ent!ty %&!c& &"s t#"ns"cte$ /us!ness !n t&e

P&!l!..!nes se#!ce 0"y /e 0"$e on !ts #es!$ent

"ent $es!n"te$ !n "cco#$"nce %!t& l"% fo# t&"t

.u#.ose o# !f t&e#e /e no suc& "ent on t&e

oe#n0ent off!c!"l $es!n"te$ /y l"% to t&"t

effect o# on "ny of !ts off!ce#s o# "ents

%!t&!n t&e P&!l!..!nes*Sec* 1-* Se#!ce u.on .u/l!c co#.o#"t!ons*

&en t&e $efen$"nt !s t&e Re.u/l!c of t&e

P&!l!..!nes se#!ce 0"y /e effecte$ on t&e

Sol!c!to# 4ene#"l !n c"se of " .#o!nce c!ty o#

0un!c!."l!ty o# l!ke .u/l!c co#.o#"t!ons

se#!ce 0"y /e effecte$ on !ts eBecut!e &e"$ o#

on suc& ot&e# off!ce# o# off!ce#s "s t&e l"% o#

t&e cou#t 0"y $!#ect*Sec* 1>* Se#!ce u.on $efen$"nt %&ose !$ent!ty o#

%&e#e"/outs "#e unkno%n*In "ny "ct!on %&e#e t&e $efen$"nt !s $es!n"te$"s "n unkno%n o%ne# o# t&e l!ke o# %&enee# &!s

%&e#e"/outs "#e unkno%n "n$ c"nnot /e "sce#t"!ne$

/y $!l!ent !nAu!#y se#!ce 0"y /y le"e of

cou#t /e effecte$ u.on &!0 /y .u/l!c"t!on !n "

ne%s.".e# of ene#"l c!#cul"t!on "n$ !n suc&

.l"ces "n$ fo# suc& t!0e "s t&e cou#t 0"y o#$e#*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

23/97

Sec* 1?* EBt#"te##!to#!"l se#!ce*&en t&e $efen$"nt $oes not #es!$e "n$ !s not

foun$ !n t&e P&!l!..!nes "n$ t&e "ct!on "ffects

t&e .e#son"l st"tus of t&e .l"!nt!ff o# #el"tes

to o# t&e su/8ect of %&!c& !s .#o.e#ty %!t&!n

t&e P&!l!..!nes !n %&!c& t&e $efen$"nt &"s o#

cl"!0s " l!en o# !nte#est "ctu"l o# cont!nent

o# !n %&!c& t&e #el!ef $e0"n$e$ cons!sts %&olly

o# !n ."#t !n eBclu$!n t&e $efen$"nt f#o0 "ny

!nte#est t&e#e!n o# t&e .#o.e#ty of t&e

$efen$"nt &"s /een "tt"c&e$ %!t&!n t&e

P&!l!..!nes se#!ce 0"y /y le"e of cou#t /e

effecte$ out of t&e P&!l!..!nes /y .e#son"l

se#!ce "s un$e# sect!on 5 o# /y .u/l!c"t!on !n

" ne%s.".e# of ene#"l c!#cul"t!on !n suc& .l"ces

"n$ fo# suc& t!0e "s t&e cou#t 0"y o#$e# !n

%&!c& c"se " co.y of t&e su00ons "n$ o#$e# of t&e

cou#t s&"ll /e sent /y #e!ste#e$ 0"!l to t&e

l"st kno%n "$$#ess of t&e $efen$"nt o# !n "ny

ot&e# 0"nne# t&e cou#t 0"y $ee0 suff!c!ent* 2ny

o#$e# #"nt!n suc& le"e s&"ll s.ec!fy "

#e"son"/le t!0e %&!c& s&"ll not /e less t&"n

s!Bty ;5,< $"ys "fte# not!ce %!t&!n %&!c& t&e

$efen$"nt 0ust "ns%e#*Sec* 15* Res!$ents te0.o#"#!ly out of t&e P&!l!..!nes*

&en "ny "ct!on !s co00ence$ ""!nst " $efen$"nt%&o o#$!n"#!ly #es!$es %!t&!n t&e P&!l!..!nes

/ut %&o !s te0.o#"#!ly out of !t se#!ce 0"y /y

le"e of cou#t /e "lso effecte$ out of t&e

P&!l!..!nes "s un$e# t&e .#ece$!n sect!on*Sec* 17* Le"e of cou#t*

2ny "..l!c"t!on to t&e cou#t un$e# t&!s Rule fo#

le"e to effect se#!ce !n "ny 0"nne# fo# %&!c&

le"e of cou#t !s necess"#y s&"ll /e 0"$e /y

0ot!on !n %#!t!n su..o#te$ /y "ff!$"!t of t&e.l"!nt!ff o# so0e .e#son on &!s /e&"lf sett!n

fo#t& t&e #oun$s fo# t&e "..l!c"t!on*Sec* 1+* P#oof of se#!ce*

T&e .#oof of se#!ce of " su00ons s&"ll /e 0"$e

!n %#!t!n /y t&e se#e# "n$ s&"ll set fo#t& t&e

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

24/97

0"nne# .l"ce "n$ $"te of se#!ce s&"ll s.ec!fy

"ny .".e#s %&!c& &"e /een se#e$ %!t& t&e

.#ocess "n$ t&e n"0e of t&e .e#son %&o #ece!e$

t&e s"0e "n$ s&"ll /e s%o#n to %&en 0"$e /y "

.e#son ot&e# t&"n " s&e#!ff o# &!s $e.uty*Sec* 19* P#oof of se#!ce /y .u/l!c"t!on*

If t&e se#!ce &"s /een 0"$e /y .u/l!c"t!on

se#!ce 0"y /e .#oe$ /y t&e "ff!$"!t of t&e

.#!nte# &!s fo#e0"n o# .#!nc!."l cle#k o# of

t&e e$!to# /us!ness o# "$e#t!s!n 0"n"e# to

%&!c& "ff!$"!t " co.y of t&e .u/l!c"t!on s&"ll

/e "tt"c&e$ "n$ /y "n "ff!$"!t s&o%!n t&e

$e.os!t of " co.y of t&e su00ons "n$ o#$e# fo#

.u/l!c"t!on !n t&e .ost off!ce .ost"e .#e."!$

$!#ecte$ to t&e $efen$"nt /y #e!ste#e$ 0"!l to

&!s l"st kno%n "$$#ess*Sec* ,* Volunt"#y "..e"#"nce*

T&e $efen$"nt=s olunt"#y "..e"#"nce !n t&e

"ct!on s&"ll /e eAu!"lent to se#!ce of su00ons*

T&e !nclus!on !n " 0ot!on to $!s0!ss of ot&e#

#oun$s "s!$e f#o0 l"ck of 8u#!s$!ct!on oe# t&e

.e#son of t&e $efen$"nt s&"ll not /e $ee0e$ "

olunt"#y "..e"#"nce*RULE 1?(OTIO)S

Sect!on 1* (ot!on $ef!ne$*2 0ot!on !s "n "..l!c"t!on fo# #el!ef ot&e# t&"n

/y " .le"$!n*Sec* * (ot!ons 0ust /e !n %#!t!n*

2ll 0ot!ons s&"ll /e !n %#!t!n eBce.t t&ose 0"$e

!n o.en cou#t o# !n t&e cou#se of " &e"#!n o#t#!"l*

Sec* -* Contents*2 0ot!on s&"ll st"te t&e #el!ef sou&t to /e

o/t"!ne$ "n$ t&e #oun$s u.on %&!c& !t !s /"se$

"n$ !f #eAu!#e$ /y t&ese Rules o# necess"#y to

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

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.#oe f"cts "llee$ t&e#e!n s&"ll /e "cco0."n!e$

/y su..o#t!n "ff!$"!ts "n$ ot&e# .".e#s*Sec* >* He"#!n of 0ot!on*

EBce.t fo# 0ot!ons %&!c& t&e cou#t 0"y "ct u.on

%!t&out .#e8u$!c!n t&e #!&ts of t&e "$e#se

."#ty ee#y %#!tten 0ot!on s&"ll /e set fo#

&e"#!n /y t&e "..l!c"nt*Ee#y %#!tten 0ot!on #eAu!#e$ to /e &e"#$ "n$ t&e

not!ce of t&e &e"#!n t&e#eof s&"ll /e se#e$ !n

suc& " 0"nne# "s to ensu#e !ts #ece!.t /y t&e

ot&e# ."#ty "t le"st tee ;-< $"ys /efo#e t&e

$"te of &e"#!n unless t&e cou#t fo# oo$ c"use

sets t&e &e"#!n on s&o#te# not!ce*

Sec* ?* )ot!ce of &e"#!n*T&e not!ce of &e"#!n s&"ll /e "$$#esse$ to "ll

."#t!es conce#ne$ "n$ s&"ll s.ec!fy t&e t!0e "n$

$"te of t&e &e"#!n %&!c& 0ust not /e l"te# t&"n

ten ;1,< $"ys "fte# t&e f!l!n of t&e 0ot!on*Sec* 5* P#oof of se#!ce necess"#y*

)o %#!tten 0ot!on set fo# &e"#!n s&"ll /e "cte$

u.on /y t&e cou#t %!t&out .#oof of se#!cet&e#eof*

Sec* 7* (ot!on $"y*EBce.t fo# 0ot!ons #eAu!#!n !00e$!"te "ct!on

"ll 0ot!ons s&"ll /e sc&e$ule$ fo# &e"#!n on

F#!$"y "fte#noons o# !f F#!$"y !s " non:%o#k!n

$"y !n t&e "fte#noon of t&e neBt %o#k!n $"y*Sec* +* O0n!/us 0ot!on*

Su/8ect to t&e .#o!s!ons of sect!on 1 of Rule 9

" 0ot!on "tt"ck!n " .le"$!n o#$e# 8u$0ent

o# .#ocee$!n s&"ll !nclu$e "ll o/8ect!ons t&en

""!l"/le "n$ "ll o/8ect!ons not so !nclu$e$

s&"ll /e $ee0e$ %"!e$*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

26/97

Sec* 9* (ot!on fo# le"e*2 0ot!on fo# le"e to f!le " .le"$!n o# 0ot!on

s&"ll /e "cco0."n!e$ /y t&e .le"$!n o# 0ot!on

sou&t to /e "$0!tte$*Sec* 1,* Fo#0*

T&e Rules "..l!c"/le to .le"$!ns s&"ll "..ly to

%#!tten 0ot!ons so f"# "s conce#ns c".t!on

$es!n"t!on s!n"tu#e "n$ ot&e# 0"tte#s of fo#0*

RULE 15

(OTIO) TO DIS(ISS

Sect!on 1* 4#oun$s*!t&!n t&e t!0e fo# /ut /efo#e f!l!n t&e "ns%e#

to t&e co0.l"!nt o# .le"$!n "sse#t!n " cl"!0 "

0ot!on to $!s0!ss 0"y /e 0"$e on "ny of t&e

follo%!n #oun$s;"< T&"t t&e cou#t &"s no 8u#!s$!ct!on oe# t&e

.e#son of t&e $efen$!n ."#ty;/< T&"t t&e cou#t &"s no 8u#!s$!ct!on oe# t&e

su/8ect 0"tte# of t&e cl"!0;c< T&"t enue !s !0.#o.e#ly l"!$;$< T&"t t&e .l"!nt!ff &"s no le"l c"."c!ty to

sue;e< T&"t t&e#e !s "not&e# "ct!on .en$!n /et%een

t&e s"0e ."#t!es fo# t&e s"0e c"use;f< T&"t t&e c"use of "ct!on !s /"##e$ /y " .#!o#

8u$0ent o# /y t&e st"tute of l!0!t"t!ons;< T&"t t&e .le"$!n "sse#t!n t&e cl"!0 st"tes

no c"use of "ct!on;&< T&"t t&e cl"!0 o# $e0"n$ set fo#t& !n t&e

.l"!nt!ff=s .le"$!n &"s /een ."!$ %"!e$

"/"n$one$ o# ot&e#%!se eBt!nu!s&e$

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

27/97

;!< T&"t t&e cl"!0 on %&!c& t&e "ct!on !s foun$e$

!s unenfo#ce"/le un$e# t&e .#o!s!ons of t&e

st"tute of f#"u$s "n$;8< T&"t " con$!t!on .#ece$ent fo# f!l!n t&e

cl"!0 &"s not /een co0.l!e$ %!t&*

Sec* * He"#!n of 0ot!on*

2t t&e &e"#!n of t&e 0ot!on t&e ."#t!es s&"ll

su/0!t t&e!# "#u0ents on t&e Auest!ons of l"%

"n$ t&e!# e!$ence on t&e Auest!ons of f"ct

!nole$ eBce.t t&ose not ""!l"/le "t t&"t t!0e*

S&oul$ t&e c"se o to t#!"l t&e e!$ence

.#esente$ $u#!n t&e &e"#!n s&"ll "uto0"t!c"lly

/e ."#t of t&e e!$ence of t&e ."#ty .#esent!n

t&e s"0e*Sec* -* Resolut!on of 0ot!on*

2fte# t&e &e"#!n t&e cou#t 0"y $!s0!ss t&e

"ct!on o# cl"!0 $eny t&e 0ot!on o# o#$e# t&e

"0en$0ent of t&e .le"$!n*T&e cou#t s&"ll not $efe# t&e #esolut!on of t&e

0ot!on fo# t&e #e"son t&"t t&e #oun$ #el!e$ u.on

!s not !n$u/!t"/le*In ee#y c"se t&e #esolut!on s&"ll st"te cle"#ly

"n$ $!st!nctly t&e #e"sons t&e#efo#*

Sec* >* T!0e to .le"$*If t&e 0ot!on !s $en!e$ t&e 0o"nt s&"ll f!le

&!s "ns%e# %!t&!n t&e /"l"nce of t&e .e#!o$

.#esc#!/e$ /y Rule 11 to %&!c& &e %"s ent!tle$ "t

t&e t!0e of se#!n &!s 0ot!on /ut not less t&"n

f!e ;?< $"ys !n "ny eent co0.ute$ f#o0 &!s#ece!.t of t&e not!ce of t&e $en!"l* If t&e

.le"$!n !s o#$e#e$ to /e "0en$e$ &e s&"ll f!le

&!s "ns%e# %!t&!n t&e .e#!o$ .#esc#!/e$ /y Rule

11 counte$ f#o0 se#!ce of t&e "0en$e$ .le"$!n

unless t&e cou#t .#o!$es " lone# .e#!o$*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

28/97

Sec* ?* Effect of $!s0!ss"l*Su/8ect to t&e #!&t of "..e"l "n o#$e# #"nt!n

" 0ot!on to $!s0!ss /"se$ on ."#"#".&s ;f

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

29/97

.le"$e$ /y " $efen$"nt .#!o# to t&e se#!ce u.on

&!0 of t&e .l"!nt!ff=s 0ot!on fo# $!s0!ss"l t&e

$!s0!ss"l s&"ll /e l!0!te$ to t&e co0.l"!nt* T&e

$!s0!ss"l s&"ll /e %!t&out .#e8u$!ce to t&e #!&t

of t&e $efen$"nt to .#osecute &!s counte#cl"!0 !n

" se."#"te "ct!on unless %!t&!n f!fteen ;1?< $"ys

f#o0 not!ce of t&e 0ot!on &e 0"n!fests &!s

.#efe#ence to &"e &!s counte#cl"!0 #esole$ !n

t&e s"0e "ct!on* Unless ot&e#%!se s.ec!f!e$ !n

t&e o#$e# " $!s0!ss"l un$e# t&!s ."#"#".& s&"ll

/e %!t&out .#e8u$!ce* 2 cl"ss su!t s&"ll not /e

$!s0!sse$ o# co0.#o0!se$ %!t&out t&e "..#o"l of

t&e cou#t*Sec* -* D!s0!ss"l $ue to f"ult of .l"!nt!ff*

If fo# no 8ust!f!"/le c"use t&e .l"!nt!ff f"!ls

to "..e"# on t&e $"te of t&e .#esent"t!on of &!s

e!$ence !n c&!ef on t&e co0.l"!nt o# to

.#osecute &!s "ct!on fo# "n un#e"son"/le lent&

of t!0e o# to co0.ly %!t& t&ese Rules o# "ny

o#$e# of t&e cou#t t&e co0.l"!nt 0"y /e

$!s0!sse$ u.on 0ot!on of t&e $efen$"nt o# u.on

t&e cou#t=s o%n 0ot!on %!t&out .#e8u$!ce to t&e

#!&t of t&e $efen$"nt to .#osecute &!s

counte#cl"!0 !n t&e s"0e o# !n " se."#"te "ct!on*

T&!s $!s0!ss"l s&"ll &"e t&e effect of "n

"$8u$!c"t!on u.on t&e 0e#!ts unless ot&e#%!se

$ecl"#e$ /y t&e cou#t*Sec* >* D!s0!ss"l of counte#cl"!0 c#oss:cl"!0 o# t&!#$:

."#ty co0.l"!nt*T&e .#o!s!ons of t&!s Rule s&"ll "..ly to t&e

$!s0!ss"l of "ny counte#cl"!0 c#oss:cl"!0 o#

t&!#$:."#ty co0.l"!nt* 2 olunt"#y $!s0!ss"l /y

t&e cl"!0"nt /y not!ce "s !n sect!on 1 of t&!s

Rule s&"ll /e 0"$e /efo#e " #es.ons!e .le"$!n

o# " 0ot!on fo# su00"#y 8u$0ent !s se#e$ o# !f

t&e#e !s none /efo#e t&e !nt#o$uct!on ofe!$ence "t t&e t#!"l o# &e"#!n*

RULE 1+

PRE:TRI2L

Sect!on 1* &en con$ucte$*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

30/97

2fte# t&e l"st .le"$!n &"s /een se#e$ "n$

f!le$ !t s&"ll /e t&e $uty of t&e .l"!nt!ff to

.#o0.tly 0oe eB ."#te t&"t t&e c"se /e set fo#

.#e:t#!"l*Sec* * )"tu#e "n$ .u#.ose*

T&e .#e:t#!"l !s 0"n$"to#y* T&e cou#t s&"ll

cons!$e#;"< T&e .oss!/!l!ty of "n "0!c"/le settle0ent o#

of " su/0!ss!on to "lte#n"t!e 0o$es of $!s.ute

#esolut!on;/< T&e s!0.l!f!c"t!on of t&e !ssues;c< T&e necess!ty o# $es!#"/!l!ty of "0en$0ents

to t&e .le"$!ns;$< T&e .oss!/!l!ty of o/t"!n!n st!.ul"t!ons o#

"$0!ss!ons of f"cts "n$ of $ocu0ents to "o!$

unnecess"#y .#oof;e< T&e l!0!t"t!on of t&e nu0/e# of %!tnesses;f< T&e "$!s"/!l!ty of " .#el!0!n"#y #efe#ence

of !ssues to " co00!ss!one#;< T&e .#o.#!ety of #en$e#!n 8u$0ent on t&e

.le"$!ns o# su00"#y 8u$0ent o# of $!s0!ss!n

t&e "ct!on s&oul$ " "l!$ #oun$ t&e#efo# /e

foun$ to eB!st;&< T&e "$!s"/!l!ty o# necess!ty of sus.en$!n

t&e .#ocee$!ns "n$;!< Suc& ot&e# 0"tte#s "s 0"y "!$ !n t&e .#o0.t

$!s.os!t!on of t&e "ct!on*

Sec* -* )ot!ce of .#e:t#!"l*

T&e not!ce of .#e:t#!"l s&"ll /e se#e$ on

counsel o# on t&e ."#ty %&o &"s no counsel* T&e

counsel se#e$ %!t& suc& not!ce !s c&"#e$ %!t&

t&e $uty of not!fy!n t&e ."#ty #e.#esente$ /y

&!0*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

31/97

Sec* >* 2..e"#"nce of ."#t!es*It s&"ll /e t&e $uty of t&e ."#t!es "n$ t&e!#

counsel to "..e"# "t t&e .#e:t#!"l* T&e non:

"..e"#"nce of " ."#ty 0"y /e eBcuse$ only !f "

"l!$ c"use !s s&o%n t&e#efo# o# !f "

#e.#esent"t!e s&"ll "..e"# !n &!s /e&"lf fully

"ut&o#!@e$ !n %#!t!n to ente# !nto "n "0!c"/le

settle0ent to su/0!t to "lte#n"t!e 0o$es of

$!s.ute #esolut!on "n$ to ente# !nto

st!.ul"t!ons o# "$0!ss!ons of f"cts "n$ of

$ocu0ents*Sec* ?* Effect of f"!lu#e to "..e"#*

T&e f"!lu#e of t&e .l"!nt!ff to "..e"# %&en so

#eAu!#e$ .u#su"nt to t&e neBt .#ece$!n sect!on

s&"ll /e c"use fo# $!s0!ss"l of t&e "ct!on* T&e

$!s0!ss"l s&"ll /e %!t& .#e8u$!ce unless

ot&e#%!se o#$e#e$ /y t&e cou#t* 2 s!0!l"# f"!lu#e

on t&e ."#t of t&e $efen$"nt s&"ll /e c"use to

"llo% t&e .l"!nt!ff to .#esent &!s e!$ence eB

."#te "n$ t&e cou#t to #en$e# 8u$0ent on t&e

/"s!s t&e#eof*Sec* 5* P#e:t#!"l /#!ef*

T&e ."#t!es s&"ll f!le %!t& t&e cou#t "n$ se#eon t&e "$e#se ."#ty !n suc& 0"nne# "s s&"ll

ensu#e t&e!# #ece!.t t&e#eof "t le"st tee ;-* 2ns%e# to co0.l"!nt:!n:!nte#ent!on*

T&e "ns%e# to t&e co0.l"!nt:!n :!nte#ent!on

s&"ll /e f!le$ %!t&!n f!fteen ;1?< $"ys f#o0

not!ce of t&e o#$e# "$0!tt!n t&e s"0e unless "

$!ffe#ent .e#!o$ !s f!Be$ /y t&e cou#t*RULE ,

C2LE)D2R OF C2SES

Sect!on 1* C"len$"# of c"ses*T&e cle#k of cou#t un$e# t&e $!#ect su.e#!s!on

of t&e 8u$e s&"ll kee. " c"len$"# of c"ses fo#

.#e:t#!"l fo# t#!"l t&ose %&ose t#!"ls %e#e

"$8ou#ne$ o# .ost.one$ "n$ t&ose %!t& 0ot!ons to

set fo# &e"#!n* P#efe#ence s&"ll /e !en to

&"/e"s co#.us c"ses elect!on c"ses s.ec!"l

c!!l "ct!ons "n$ t&ose so #eAu!#e$ /y l"%*Sec* * 2ss!n0ent of c"ses*

T&e "ss!n0ent of c"ses to t&e $!ffe#ent /#"nc&esof " cou#t s&"ll /e $one eBclus!ely /y #"ffle*

T&e "ss!n0ent s&"ll /e $one !n o.en sess!on of

%&!c& "$eAu"te not!ce s&"ll /e !en so "s to

"ffo#$ !nte#este$ ."#t!es t&e o..o#tun!ty to /e

.#esent*RULE 1

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

34/97

SU'POE)2

Sect!on 1* Su/.oen" "n$ su/.oen" $uces tecu0*Su/.oen" !s " .#ocess $!#ecte$ to " .e#son

#eAu!#!n &!0 to "tten$ "n$ to test!fy "t t&e

&e"#!n o# t&e t#!"l of "n "ct!on o# "t "ny

!nest!"t!on con$ucte$ /y co0.etent "ut&o#!ty

o# fo# t&e t"k!n of &!s $e.os!t!on* It 0"y "lso

#eAu!#e &!0 to /#!n %!t& &!0 "ny /ooks

$ocu0ents o# ot&e# t&!ns un$e# &!s cont#ol !n

%&!c& c"se !t !s c"lle$ " su/.oen" $uces tecu0*Sec* * 'y %&o0 !ssue$*

T&e su/.oen" 0"y /e !ssue$ /y"< t&e cou#t /efo#e %&o0 t&e %!tness !s #eAu!#e$

to "tten$/< t&e cou#t of t&e .l"ce %&e#e t&e $e.os!t!on !s

to /e t"kenc< t&e off!ce# o# /o$y "ut&o#!@e$ /y l"% to $o so

!n connect!on %!t& !nest!"t!ons con$ucte$ /y

s"!$ off!ce# o# /o$y o#$< "ny Just!ce of t&e Su.#e0e Cou#t o# of t&e

Cou#t of 2..e"ls !n "ny c"se o# !nest!"t!on.en$!n %!t&!n t&e P&!l!..!nes*

&en "..l!c"t!on fo# " su/.oen" to " .#!sone# !s

0"$e t&e 8u$e o# off!ce# s&"ll eB"0!ne "n$

stu$y c"#efully suc& "..l!c"t!on to $ete#0!ne

%&et&e# t&e s"0e !s 0"$e fo# " "l!$ .u#.ose*)o .#!sone# sentence$ to $e"t& #eclus!on

.e#.etu" o# l!fe !0.#!son0ent "n$ %&o !s conf!ne$

!n "ny .en"l !nst!tut!on s&"ll /e /#ou&t outs!$et&e s"!$ .en"l !nst!tut!on fo# "..e"#"nce o#

"tten$"nce !n "ny cou#t unless "ut&o#!@e$ /y t&e

Su.#e0e Cou#t*

Sec* -* Fo#0 "n$ contents*

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

35/97

2 su/.oen" s&"ll st"te t&e n"0e of t&e cou#t "n$

t&e t!tle of t&e "ct!on o# !nest!"t!on s&"ll

/e $!#ecte$ to t&e .e#son %&ose "tten$"nce !s

#eAu!#e$ "n$ !n t&e c"se of " su/.oen" $uces

tecu0 !t s&"ll "lso cont"!n " #e"son"/le

$esc#!.t!on of t&e /ooks $ocu0ents o# t&!ns

$e0"n$e$ %&!c& 0ust "..e"# to t&e cou#t .#!0"

f"c!e #ele"nt*Sec* >* Gu"s&!n " su/.oen"*

T&e cou#t 0"y Au"s& " su/.oen" $uces tecu0 u.on

0ot!on .#o0.tly 0"$e "n$ !n "ny eent "t o#

/efo#e t&e t!0e s.ec!f!e$ t&e#e!n !f !t !s

un#e"son"/le "n$ o..#ess!e o# t&e #ele"ncy of

t&e /ooks $ocu0ents o# t&!ns $oes not "..e"#

o# !f t&e .e#son !n %&ose /e&"lf t&e su/.oen" !s

!ssue$ f"!ls to "$"nce t&e #e"son"/le cost of

t&e .#o$uct!on t&e#eof*T&e cou#t 0"y Au"s& " su/.oen" "$ test!f!c"n$u0

on t&e #oun$ t&"t t&e %!tness !s not /oun$

t&e#e/y* In e!t&e# c"se t&e su/.oen" 0"y /e

Au"s&e$ on t&e #oun$ t&"t t&e %!tness fees "n$

k!lo0et#"e "llo%e$ /y t&ese Rules %e#e not

ten$e#e$ %&en t&e su/.oen" %"s se#e$*

Sec* ?* Su/.oen" fo# $e.os!t!ons*P#oof of se#!ce of " not!ce to t"ke "

$e.os!t!on "s .#o!$e$ !n sect!ons 1? "n$ ? of

Rule - s&"ll const!tute suff!c!ent

"ut&o#!@"t!on fo# t&e !ssu"nce of su/.oen"s fo#

t&e .e#sons n"0e$ !n s"!$ not!ce /y t&e cle#k of

t&e cou#t of t&e .l"ce !n %&!c& t&e $e.os!t!on !s

to /e t"ken* T&e cle#k s&"ll not &o%ee# !ssue

" su/.oen" $uces tecu0 to "ny suc& .e#son %!t&out

"n o#$e# of t&e cou#t*Sec* 5* Se#!ce*

Se#!ce of " su/.oen" s&"ll /e 0"$e !n t&e s"0e

0"nne# "s .e#son"l o# su/st!tute$ se#!ce of

su00ons* T&e o#!!n"l s&"ll /e eB&!/!te$ "n$ "

co.y t&e#eof $el!e#e$ to t&e .e#son on %&o0 !t

!s se#e$ ten$e#!n to &!0 t&e fees fo# one

7/27/2019 RULES 1 TO 71

36/97

$"ys "tten$"nce "n$ t&e k!lo0et#"e "llo%e$ /y

t&ese Rules eBce.t t&"t %&en " su/.oen" !s

!ssue$ /y o# on /e&"lf of t&e Re.u/l!c of t&e

P&!l!..!nes o# "n off!ce# o# "ency t&e#eof t&e

ten$e# nee$ not /e 0"$e* T&e se#!ce 0ust /e 0"$e

so "s to "llo% t&e %!tness " #e"son"/le t!0e fo#

.#e."#"t!on "n$ t#"el to t&e .l"ce of

"tten$"nce* If t&e su/.oen" !s $uces tecu0 t&e

#e"son"/le cost of .#o$uc!n t&e /ooks $ocu0ents

o# t&!ns $e0"n$e$ s&"ll "lso /e ten$e#e$*Sec* 7* Pe#son"l "..e"#"nce !n cou#t*

2 .e#son .#esent !n cou#t /efo#e " 8u$!c!"l

off!ce# 0"y /e #eAu!#e$ to test!fy "s !f &e %e#e

!n "tten$"nce u.on " su/.oen" !ssue$ /y suc&

cou#t o# off!ce#*Sec* +* Co0.ell!n "tten$"nce*

In c"se of f"!lu#e of " %!tness to "tten$ t&e

cou#t o# 8u$e !ssu!n t&e su/.oen" u.on .#oof

of t&e se#!ce t&e#eof "n$ of t&e f"!lu#e of t&e

%!tness 0"y !ssue " %"##"nt to t&e s&e#!ff of

t&e .#o!nce o# &!s $e.uty to "##est t&e

%!tness "n$ /#!n &!0 /efo#e t&e cou#t o# off!ce#

%&e#e &!s "tten$"nce !s #eAu!#e$ "n$ t&e cost of

suc& %"##"nt "n$ se!@u#e of suc& %!tness s&"ll /e

."!$ /y t&e %!tness !f t&e cou#t !ssu!n !t s&"ll$ete#0!ne t&"t &!s f"!lu#e to "ns%e# t&e su/.oen"

%"s %!llful "n$ %!t&out 8ust eBcuse*Sec* 9* Conte0.t*

F"!lu#e /y "ny .e#son %!t&out "$eAu"te c"use to

o/ey " su/.oen" se#e$ u.on &!0 s&"ll /e $ee0e$ "

conte0.t of t&e cou#t f#o0 %&!c& t&e su/.oen" !s

!ssue$* If t&e su/.oen" %"s not !ssue$ /y "

cou#t t&e $!so/e$!ence t&e#eto s&"ll /e .un!s&e$

!n "cco#$"nce %!t& t&e "..l!c"/le l"% o# Rule*Sec* 1,* EBce.t!ons*

T&e .#o!s!ons of sect!ons + "n$ 9 of t&!s Rule

s&"ll not "..ly to " %!tness %&o #es!$es 0o#e

t&"n one &un$#e$ ;1,,< k!lo0ete#s f#o0 &!s

#es!$ence to t&e .l"ce %&e#e &e !s to test!fy /y

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37/97

t&e o#$!n"#y cou#se of t#"el o# to " $etent!on

.#!sone# !f no .e#0!ss!on of t&e cou#t !n %&!c&

&!s c"se !s .en$!n %"s o/t"!ne$*RULE

CO(PUT2TIO) OF TI(E

Sect!on 1* Ho% to co0.ute t!0e*In co0.ut!n "ny .e#!o$ of t!0e .#esc#!/e$ o#

"llo%e$ /y t&ese Rules o# /y o#$e# of t&e cou#t

o# /y "ny "..l!c"/le st"tute t&e $"y of t&e "ct

o# eent f#o0 %&!c& t&e $es!n"te$ .e#!o$ of t!0e

/e!ns to #un !s to /e eBclu$e$ "n$ t&e $"te of

.e#fo#0"nce !nclu$e$* If t&e l"st $"y of t&e

.e#!o$ "s t&us co0.ute$ f"lls on " S"tu#$"y "

Sun$"y o# " le"l &ol!$"y !n t&e .l"ce %&e#e t&e

cou#t s!ts t&e t!0e s&"ll not #un unt!l t&e neBt

%o#k!n $"y*Sec* * Effect of !nte##u.t!on*

S&oul$ "n "ct /e $one %&!c& effect!ely

!nte##u.ts t&e #unn!n of t&e .e#!o$ t&e

"llo%"/le .e#!o$ "fte# suc& !nte##u.t!on s&"ll

st"#t to #un on t&e $"y "fte# not!ce of t&e

cess"t!on of t&e c"use t&e#eof*T&e $"y of t&e "ct t&"t c"use$ t&e !nte##u.t!ons&"ll /e eBclu$e$ !n t&e co0.ut"t!on of t&e

.e#!o$*

RULE -

DEPOSITIO)S PE)DI)4 2CTIO)S

Sect!on 1* De.os!t!ons .en$!n "ct!on %&en 0"y /e t"ken*'y le"e of cou#t "fte# 8u#!s$!ct!on &"s /een

o/t"!ne$ oe# "ny $efen$"nt o# oe# .#o.e#ty%&!c& !s t&e su/8ect of t&e "ct!on o# %!t&out

suc& le"e "fte# "n "ns%e# &"s /een se#e$ t&e

test!0ony of "ny .e#son %&et&e# " ."#ty o# not

0"y /e t"ken "t t&e !nst"nce of "ny ."#ty /y

$e.os!t!on u.on o#"l eB"0!n"t!on o# %#!tten

!nte##o"to#!es* T&e "tten$"nce of %!tnesses 0"y

/e co0.elle$ /y t&e use of " su/.oen" "s .#o!$e$

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!n Rule 1* De.os!t!ons s&"ll /e t"ken only !n

"cco#$"nce %!t& t&ese Rules* T&e $e.os!t!on of "

.e#son conf!ne$ !n .#!son 0"y /e t"ken only /y

le"e of cou#t on suc& te#0s "s t&e cou#t

.#esc#!/es*Sec* * Sco.e of eB"0!n"t!on*

Unless ot&e#%!se o#$e#e$ /y t&e cou#t "s .#o!$e$

/y sect!on 15 o# 1+ of t&!s Rule t&e $e.onent

0"y /e eB"0!ne$ #e"#$!n "ny 0"tte# not

.#!!lee$ %&!c& !s #ele"nt to t&e su/8ect of

t&e .en$!n "ct!on %&et&e# #el"t!n to t&e cl"!0

o# $efense of "ny ot&e# ."#ty !nclu$!n t&e

eB!stence $esc#!.t!on n"tu#e custo$y

con$!t!on "n$ loc"t!on of "ny /ooks $ocu0ents

o# ot&e# t"n!/le t&!ns "n$ t&e !$ent!ty "n$

loc"t!on of .e#sons &"!n kno%le$e of #ele"nt

f"cts*Sec* -* EB"0!n"t!on "n$ c#oss:eB"0!n"t!on*

EB"0!n"t!on "n$ c#oss:eB"0!n"t!on of $e.onents

0"y .#ocee$ "s .e#0!tte$ "t t&e t#!"l un$e#

sect!ons - to 1+ of Rule 1-*Sec* >* Use of $e.os!t!ons*

2t t&e t#!"l o# u.on t&e &e"#!n of " 0ot!on o#"n !nte#locuto#y .#ocee$!n "ny ."#t o# "ll of "

$e.os!t!on so f"# "s "$0!ss!/le un$e# t&e #ules

of e!$ence 0"y /e use$ ""!nst "ny ."#ty %&o

%"s .#esent o# #e.#esente$ "t t&e t"k!n of t&e

$e.os!t!on o# %&o &"$ $ue not!ce t&e#eof !n

"cco#$"nce %!t& "ny one of t&e follo%!n

.#o!s!ons;"< 2ny $e.os!t!on 0"y /e use$ /y "ny ."#ty fo#

t&e .u#.ose of cont#"$!ct!n o# !0.e"c&!n t&e

test!0ony of $e.onent "s " %!tness;/< T&e $e.os!t!on of " ."#ty o# of "ny one %&o

"t t&e t!0e of t"k!n t&e $e.os!t!on %"s "n

off!ce# $!#ecto# o# 0"n"!n "ent of " .u/l!c

o# .#!"te co#.o#"t!on ."#tne#s&!. o#

"ssoc!"t!on %&!c& !s " ."#ty 0"y /e use$ /y "n

"$e#se ."#ty fo# "ny .u#.ose

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;c< T&e $e.os!t!on of " %!tness %&et&e# o# not "

."#ty 0"y /e use$ /y "ny ."#ty fo# "ny .u#.ose

!f t&e cou#t f!n$s ;1< t&"t t&e %!tness !s $e"$

o# ;< t&"t t&e %!tness #es!$es "t " $!st"nce

0o#e t&"n one &un$#e$ ;1,,< k!lo0ete#s f#o0 t&e

.l"ce of t#!"l o# &e"#!n o# !s out of t&e

P&!l!..!nes unless !t "..e"#s t&"t &!s "/sence

%"s .#ocu#e$ /y t&e ."#ty offe#!n t&e

$e.os!t!on o# ;-< t&"t t&e %!tness !s un"/le to

"tten$ o# test!fy /ec"use of "e s!ckness

!nf!#0!ty o# !0.#!son0ent o# ;>< t&"t t&e ."#ty

offe#!n t&e $e.os!t!on &"s /een un"/le to

.#ocu#e t&e "tten$"nce of t&e %!tness /y

su/.oen" o# ;?< u.on "..l!c"t!on "n$ not!ce

t&"t suc& eBce.t!on"l c!#cu0st"nces eB!st "s to

0"ke !t $es!#"/le !n t&e !nte#est of 8ust!ce "n$

%!t& $ue #e"#$ to t&e !0.o#t"nce of .#esent!n

t&e test!0ony of %!tnesses o#"lly !n o.en cou#t

to "llo% t&e $e.os!t!on to /e use$ "n$;$< If only ."#t of " $e.os!t!on !s offe#e$ !n

e!$ence /y " ."#ty t&e "$e#se ."#ty 0"y

#eAu!#e &!0 to !nt#o$uce "ll of !t %&!c& !s

#ele"nt to t&e ."#t !nt#o$uce$ "n$ "ny ."#ty

0"y !nt#o$uce "ny ot&e# ."#ts*

Sec* ?* Effect of su/st!tut!on of ."#t!es*

Su/st!tut!on of ."#t!es $oes not "ffect t&e #!&t

to use $e.os!t!ons .#e!ously t"ken "n$ %&en "n

"ct!on &"s /een $!s0!sse$ "n$ "not&e# "ct!on

!nol!n t&e s"0e su/8ect !s "fte#%"#$ /#ou&t

/et%een t&e s"0e ."#t!es o# t&e!# #e.#esent"t!es

o# successo#s !n !nte#est "ll $e.os!t!ons

l"%fully t"ken "n$ $uly f!le$ !n t&e fo#0e#

"ct!on 0"y /e use$ !n t&e l"tte# "s !f o#!!n"lly

t"ken t&e#efo#*Sec* 5* O/8ect!ons to "$0!ss!/!l!ty*

Su/8ect to t&e .#o!s!ons of sect!on 9 of t&!s

Rule o/8ect!on 0"y /e 0"$e "t t&e t#!"l o#

&e"#!n to #ece!!n !n e!$ence "ny $e.os!t!on

o# ."#t t&e#eof fo# "ny #e"son %&!c& %oul$

#eAu!#e t&e eBclus!on of t&e e!$ence !f t&e

%!tness %e#e t&en .#esent "n$ test!fy!n*

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Sec* 7* Effect of t"k!n $e.os!t!ons*2 ."#ty s&"ll not /e $ee0e$ to 0"ke " .e#son &!s

o%n %!tness fo# "ny .u#.ose /y t"k!n &!s

$e.os!t!on*Sec* +* Effect of us!n $e.os!t!ons*

T&e !nt#o$uct!on !n e!$ence of t&e $e.os!t!on o#

"ny ."#t t&e#eof fo# "ny .u#.ose ot&e# t&"n t&"t

of cont#"$!ct!n o# !0.e"c&!n t&e $e.onent 0"kes

t&e $e.onent t&e %!tness of t&e ."#ty !nt#o$uc!n

t&e $e.os!t!on /ut t&!s s&"ll not "..ly to t&e

use /y "n "$e#se ."#ty of " $e.os!t!on "s

$esc#!/e$ !n ."#"#".& ;/< of sect!on > of t&!s

Rule*Sec* 9* Re/utt!n $e.os!t!on*

2t t&e t#!"l o# &e"#!n "ny ."#ty 0"y #e/ut "ny

#ele"nt e!$ence cont"!ne$ !n " $e.os!t!on

%&et&e# !nt#o$uce$ /y &!0 o# /y "ny ot&e# ."#ty*Sec* 1,* Pe#sons /efo#e %&o0 $e.os!t!ons 0"y /e t"ken

%!t&!n t&e P&!l!..!nes*!t&!n t&e P&!l!..!nes $e.os!t!ons 0"y /e t"ken

/efo#e "ny 8u$e not"#y .u/l!c o# t&e .e#son#efe##e$ to !n sect!on 1> &e#eof*

Sec* 11* Pe#sons /efo#e %&o0 $e.os!t!ons 0"y /e t"ken !n

fo#e!n count#!es*In " fo#e!n st"te o# count#y $e.os!t!ons 0"y /e

t"ken ;"< on not!ce /efo#e " sec#et"#y of e0/"ssy

o# le"t!on consul ene#"l consul !ce:consul

o# consul"# "ent of t&e Re.u/l!c of t&e

P&!l!..!nes ;/< /efo#e suc& .e#son o# off!ce# "s

0"y /e "..o!nte$ /y co00!ss!on o# un$e# lette#s#o"to#y o# ;c< t&e .e#son #efe##e$ to !n

sect!on 1> &e#eof*Sec* 1* Co00!ss!on o# lette#s #o"to#y*

2 co00!ss!on o# lette#s #o"to#y s&"ll /e !ssue$

only %&en necess"#y o# conen!ent on "..l!c"t!on

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"n$ not!ce "n$ on suc& te#0s "n$ %!t& suc&

$!#ect!on "s "#e 8ust "n$ "..#o.#!"te* Off!ce#s

0"y /e $es!n"te$ !n not!ces o# co00!ss!ons

e!t&e# /y n"0e o# $esc#!.t!e t!tle "n$ lette#s

#o"to#y 0"y /e "$$#esse$ to t&e "..#o.#!"te

8u$!c!"l "ut&o#!ty !n t&e fo#e!n count#y*Sec* 1-* D!sAu"l!f!c"t!on /y !nte#est*

)o $e.os!t!on s&"ll /e t"ken /efo#e " .e#son %&o

!s " #el"t!e %!t&!n t&e s!Bt& $e#ee of

cons"nu!n!ty o# "ff!n!ty o# e0.loyee o# counsel

of "ny of t&e ."#t!es o# %&o !s " #el"t!e

%!t&!n t&e s"0e $e#ee o# e0.loyee of suc&

counsel o# %&o !s f!n"nc!"lly !nte#este$ !n t&e

"ct!on*Sec* 1>* St!.ul"t!ons #e"#$!n t"k!n of $e.os!t!ons*

If t&e ."#t!es so st!.ul"te !n %#!t!n

$e.os!t!ons 0"y /e t"ken /efo#e "ny .e#son

"ut&o#!@e$ to "$0!n!ste# o"t&s "t "ny t!0e o#

.l"ce !n "cco#$"nce %!t& t&ese Rules "n$ %&en

so t"ken 0"y /e use$ l!ke ot&e# $e.os!t!ons*Sec* 1?* De.os!t!on u.on o#"l eB"0!n"t!on not!ce t!0e "n$

.l"ce*2 ."#ty $es!#!n to t"ke t&e $e.os!t!on of "ny.e#son u.on o#"l eB"0!n"t!on s&"ll !e

#e"son"/le not!ce !n %#!t!n to ee#y ot&e# ."#ty

to t&e "ct!on* T&e not!ce s&"ll st"te t&e t!0e

"n$ .l"ce fo# t"k!n t&e $e.os!t!on "n$ t&e n"0e

"n$ "$$#ess of e"c& .e#son to /e eB"0!ne$ !f

kno%n "n$ !f t&e n"0e !s not kno%n " ene#"l

$esc#!.t!on suff!c!ent to !$ent!fy &!0 o# t&e

."#t!cul"# cl"ss o# #ou. to %&!c& &e /elons* On

0ot!on of "ny ."#ty u.on %&o0 t&e not!ce !s

se#e$ t&e cou#t 0"y fo# c"use s&o%n enl"#e o#

s&o#ten t&e t!0e*Sec* 15* O#$e#s fo# t&e .#otect!on of ."#t!es "n$ $e.onents*

2fte# not!ce !s se#e$ fo# t"k!n " $e.os!t!on /y

o#"l eB"0!n"t!on u.on 0ot!on se"son"/ly 0"$e /y

"ny ."#ty o# /y t&e .e#son to /e eB"0!ne$ "n$ fo#

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oo$ c"use s&o%n t&e cou#t !n %&!c& t&e "ct!on

!s .en$!n 0"y 0"ke "n o#$e# t&"t t&e $e.os!t!on

s&"ll not /e t"ken o# t&"t !t 0"y /e t"ken only

"t so0e $es!n"te$ .l"ce ot&e# t&"n t&"t st"te$

!n t&e not!ce o# t&"t !t 0"y /e t"ken only on

%#!tten !nte##o"to#!es o# t&"t ce#t"!n 0"tte#s

s&"ll not /e !nAu!#e$ !nto o# t&"t t&e sco.e of

t&e eB"0!n"t!on s&"ll /e &el$ %!t& no one .#esent

eBce.t t&e ."#t!es to t&e "ct!on "n$ t&e!#

off!ce#s o# counsel o# t&"t "fte# /e!n se"le$

t&e $e.os!t!on s&"ll /e o.ene$ only /y o#$e# of

t&e cou#t o# t&"t sec#et .#ocesses

$eelo.0ents o# #ese"#c& nee$ not /e $!sclose$

o# t&"t t&e ."#t!es s&"ll s!0ult"neously f!le

s.ec!f!e$ $ocu0ents o# !nfo#0"t!on enclose$ !n

se"le$ enelo.es to /e o.ene$ "s $!#ecte$ /y t&e

cou#t o# t&e cou#t 0"y 0"ke "ny ot&e# o#$e#

%&!c& 8ust!ce #eAu!#es to .#otect t&e ."#ty o#

%!tness f#o0 "nnoy"nce e0/"##"ss0ent o#

o..#ess!on*Sec* 17* Reco#$ of eB"0!n"t!on o"t& o/8ect!ons*

T&e off!ce# /efo#e %&o0 t&e $e.os!t!on !s to /e

t"ken s&"ll .ut t&e %!tness on o"t& "n$ s&"ll

.e#son"lly o# /y so0e one "ct!n un$e# &!s

$!#ect!on "n$ !n &!s .#esence #eco#$ t&e

test!0ony of t&e %!tness* T&e test!0ony s&"ll /e

t"ken steno#".&!c"lly unless t&e ."#t!es "#eeot&e#%!se* 2ll o/8ect!ons 0"$e "t t&e t!0e of t&e

eB"0!n"t!on to t&e Au"l!f!c"t!ons of t&e off!ce#

t"k!n t&e $e.os!t!on o# to t&e 0"nne# of t"k!n

!t o# to t&e e!$ence .#esente$ o# to t&e

con$uct of "ny ."#ty "n$ "ny ot&e# o/8ect!on to

t&e .#ocee$!ns s&"ll /e note$ /y t&e off!ce#

u.on t&e $e.os!t!on* E!$ence o/8ecte$ to s&"ll

/e t"ken su/8ect to t&e o/8ect!ons* In l!eu of

."#t!c!."t!n !n t&e o#"l eB"0!n"t!on ."#t!es

se#e$ %!t& not!ce of t"k!n " $e.os!t!on 0"y

t#"ns0!t %#!tten !nte##o"to#!es to t&e off!ce#s%&o s&"ll .#o.oun$ t&e0 to t&e %!tness "n$ #eco#$

t&e "ns%e#s e#/"t!0*Sec* 1+* (ot!on to te#0!n"te o# l!0!t eB"0!n"t!on*

2t "ny t!0e $u#!n t&e t"k!n of t&e $e.os!t!on

on 0ot!on o# .et!t!on of "ny ."#ty o# of t&e

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$e.onent "n$ u.on " s&o%!n t&"t t&e eB"0!n"t!on

!s /e!n con$ucte$ !n /"$ f"!t& o# !n suc& 0"nne#

"s un#e"son"/ly to "nnoy e0/"##"ss o# o..#ess

t&e $e.onent o# ."#ty t&e cou#t !n %&!c& t&e

"ct!on !s .en$!n o# t&e Re!on"l T#!"l Cou#t of

t&e .l"ce %&e#e t&e $e.os!t!on !s /e!n t"ken 0"y

o#$e# t&e off!ce# con$uct!n t&e eB"0!n"t!on to

ce"se fo#t&%!t& f#o0 t"k!n t&e $e.os!t!on o#

0"y l!0!t t&e sco.e "n$ 0"nne# of t&e t"k!n of

t&e $e.os!t!on "s .#o!$e$ !n sect!on 15 of t&!s

Rule* If t&e o#$e# 0"$e te#0!n"tes t&e

eB"0!n"t!on !t s&"ll /e #esu0e$ t&e#e"fte# only

u.on t&e o#$e# of t&e cou#t !n %&!c& t&e "ct!on

!s .en$!n* U.on $e0"n$ of t&e o/8ect!n ."#ty o#

$e.onent t&e t"k!n of t&e $e.os!t!on s&"ll /e

sus.en$e$ fo# t&e t!0e necess"#y to 0"ke " not!ce

fo# "n o#$e#* In #"nt!n o# #efus!n suc& o#$e#

t&e cou#t 0"y !0.ose u.on e!t&e# ."#ty o# u.on

t&e %!tness t&e #eAu!#e0ent to ."y suc& costs o#

eB.enses "s t&e cou#t 0"y $ee0 #e"son"/le*Sec* 19* Su/0!ss!on to %!tness c&"nes s!n!n*

&en t&e test!0ony !s fully t#"nsc#!/e$ t&e

$e.os!t!on s&"ll /e su/0!tte$ to t&e %!tness fo#

eB"0!n"t!on "n$ s&"ll /e #e"$ to o# /y &!0

unless suc& eB"0!n"t!on "n$ #e"$!n "#e %"!e$ /y

t&e %!tness "n$ /y t&e ."#t!es* 2ny c&"nes !n

fo#0 o# su/st"nce %&!c& t&e %!tness $es!#es to0"ke s&"ll /e ente#e$ u.on t&e $e.os!t!on /y t&e

off!ce# %!t& " st"te0ent of t&e #e"sons !en /y

t&e %!tness fo# 0"k!n t&e0* T&e $e.os!t!on s&"ll

t&en /e s!ne$ /y t&e %!tness unless t&e ."#t!es

/y st!.ul"t!on %"!e t&e s!n!n o# t&e %!tness

!s !ll o# c"nnot /e foun$ o# #efuses to s!n* If

t&e $e.os!t!on !s not s!ne$ /y t&e %!tness t&e

off!ce# s&"ll s!n !t "n$ st"te on t&e #eco#$ t&e

f"ct of t&e %"!e# o# of t&e !llness o# "/sence

of t&e %!tness o# t&e f"ct of t&e #efus"l to s!n

toet&e# %!t& t&e #e"son !en t&e#efo# !f "ny"n$ t&e $e.os!t!on 0"y t&en /e use$ "s fully "s

t&ou& s!ne$ unless on " 0ot!on to su..#ess

un$e# sect!on 9 ;f< of t&!s Rule t&e cou#t

&ol$s t&"t t&e #e"sons !en fo# t&e #efus"l to

s!n #eAu!#e #e8ect!on of t&e $e.os!t!on !n %&ole

o# !n ."#t*

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Sec* ,* Ce#t!f!c"t!on "n$ f!l!n /y off!ce#*T&e off!ce# s&"ll ce#t!fy on t&e $e.os!t!on t&"t

t&e %!tness %"s $uly s%o#n to /y &!0 "n$ t&"t t&e

$e.os!t!on !s " t#ue #eco#$ of t&e test!0ony

!en /y t&e %!tness* He s&"ll t&en secu#ely se"l

t&e $e.os!t!on !n "n enelo.e !n$o#se$ %!t& t&e

t!tle of t&e "ct!on "n$ 0"#ke$ De.os!t!on of

;&e#e !nse#t t&e n"0e of %!tness

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eB.enses !ncu##e$ /y &!0 "n$ &!s counsel !n so

"tten$!n !nclu$!n #e"son"/le "tto#neys fees*Sec* ?* De.os!t!on u.on %#!tten !nte##o"to#!es se#!ce

of not!ce "n$ of !nte##o"to#!es*2 ."#ty $es!#!n to t"ke t&e $e.os!t!on of "ny

.e#son u.on %#!tten !nte##o"to#!es s&"ll se#e

t&e0 u.on ee#y ot&e# ."#ty %!t& " not!ce st"t!n

t&e n"0e "n$ "$$#ess of t&e .e#son %&o !s to

"ns%e# t&e0 "n$ t&e n"0e o# $esc#!.t!e t!tle "n$

"$$#ess of t&e off!ce# /efo#e %&o0 t&e $e.os!t!on

!s to /e t"ken* !t&!n ten ;1,< $"ys t&e#e"fte#

" ."#ty so se#e$ 0"y se#e c#oss:!nte##o"to#!es

u.on t&e ."#ty .#o.os!n to t"ke t&e $e.os!t!on*

!t&!n f!e ;?< $"ys t&e#e"fte# t&e l"tte# 0"y

se#e #e:$!#ect !nte##o"to#!es u.on " ."#ty %&o

&"s se#e$ c#oss: !nte##o"to#!es* !t&!n tee

;-< $"ys "fte# /e!n se#e$ %!t& #e:$!#ect

!nte##o"to#!es " ."#ty 0"y se#e #ec#oss:

!nte##o"to#!es u.on t&e ."#ty .#o.os!n to t"ke

t&e $e.os!t!on*Sec* 5* Off!ce#s to t"ke #es.onses "n$ .#e."#e #eco#$*

2 co.y of t&e not!ce "n$ co.!es of "ll

!nte##o"to#!es se#e$ s&"ll /e $el!e#e$ /y t&e

."#ty t"k!n t&e $e.os!t!on to t&e off!ce#

$es!n"te$ !n t&e not!ce %&o s&"ll .#ocee$.#o0.tly !n t&e 0"nne# .#o!$e$ /y sect!ons 17

19 "n$ , of t&!s Rule to t"ke t&e test!0ony of

t&e %!tness !n #es.onse to t&e !nte##o"to#!es

"n$ to .#e."#e ce#t!fy "n$ f!le o# 0"!l t&e

$e.os!t!on "tt"c&!n t&e#eto t&e co.y of t&e

not!ce "n$ t&e !nte##o"to#!es #ece!e$ /y &!0*Sec* 7* )ot!ce of f!l!n "n$ fu#n!s&!n co.!es*

&en " $e.os!t!on u.on !nte##o"to#!es !s f!le$

t&e off!ce# t"k!n !t s&"ll .#o0.tly !e not!cet&e#eof to "ll t&e ."#t!es "n$ 0"y fu#n!s&

co.!es to t&e0 o# to t&e $e.onent u.on ."y0ent of

#e"son"/le c&"#es t&e#efo#*Sec* +* O#$e#s fo# t&e .#otect!on of ."#t!es "n$ $e.onents*

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2fte# t&e se#!ce of t&e !nte##o"to#!es "n$

.#!o# to t&e t"k!n of t&e test!0ony of t&e

$e.onent t&e cou#t !n %&!c& t&e "ct!on !s

.en$!n on 0ot!on .#o0.tly 0"$e /y " ."#ty o# "

$e.onent "n$ fo# oo$ c"use s&o%n 0"y 0"ke "ny

o#$e# s.ec!f!e$ !n sect!ons 1? 15 "n$ 1+ of t&!s

Rule %&!c& !s "..#o.#!"te "n$ 8ust o# "n o#$e#

t&"t t&e $e.os!t!on s&"ll not /e t"ken /efo#e t&e

off!ce# $es!n"te$ !n t&e not!ce o# t&"t !t s&"ll

not /e t"ken eBce.t u.on o#"l eB"0!n"t!on*Sec* 9* Effects of e##o#s "n$ !##eul"#!t!es !n

$e.os!t!ons*;"< 2s to not!ce*: 2ll e##o#s "n$ !##eul"#!t!es

!n t&e not!ce fo# t"k!n " $e.os!t!on "#e %"!e$

unless %#!tten o/8ect!on !s .#o0.tly se#e$ u.on

t&e ."#ty !!n t&e not!ce*;/< 2s to $!sAu"l!f!c"t!on of off!ce#*: O/8ect!on

to t"k!n " $e.os!t!on /ec"use of

$!sAu"l!f!c"t!on of t&e off!ce# /efo#e %&o0 !t !s

to /e t"ken !s %"!e$ unless 0"$e /efo#e t&e

t"k!n of t&e $e.os!t!on /e!ns o# "s soon

t&e#e"fte# "s t&e $!sAu"l!f!c"t!on /eco0es kno%n

o# coul$ /e $!scoe#e$ %!t& #e"son"/le $!l!ence*;c< 2s to co0.etency o# #ele"ncy of e!$ence*:

O/8ect!ons to t&e co0.etency of " %!tness o# t&e

co0.etency #ele"ncy o# 0"te#!"l!ty oftest!0ony "#e not %"!e$ /y f"!lu#e to 0"ke t&e0

/efo#e o# $u#!n t&e t"k!n of t&e $e.os!t!on

unless t&e #oun$ of t&e o/8ect!on !s one %&!c&

0!&t &"e /een o/!"te$ o# #e0oe$ !f .#esente$

"t t&"t t!0e*;$< 2s to o#"l eB"0!n"t!on "n$ ot&e#

."#t!cul"#s*: E##o#s "n$ !##eul"#!t!es occu##!n

"t t&e o#"l eB"0!n"t!on !n t&e 0"nne# of t"k!n

t&e $e.os!t!on !n t&e fo#0 of t&e Auest!ons o#

"ns%e#s !n t&e o"t& o# "ff!#0"t!on o# !n t&econ$uct of t&e ."#t!es "n$ e##o#s of "ny k!n$

%&!c& 0!&t /e o/!"te$ #e0oe$ o# cu#e$ !f

.#o0.tly .#osecute$ "#e %"!e$ unless #e"son"/le

o/8ect!on t&e#eto !s 0"$e "t t&e t"k!n of t&e

$e.os!t!on*

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;e< 2s to fo#0 of %#!tten !nte##o"to#!es*:

O/8ect!ons to t&e fo#0 of %#!tten !nte##o"to#!es

su/0!tte$ un$e# sect!ons ? "n$ 5 of t&!s Rule

"#e %"!e$ unless se#e$ !n %#!t!n u.on t&e

."#ty .#o.oun$!n t&e0 %!t&!n t&e t!0e "llo%e$

fo# se#!n succee$!n c#oss o# ot&e#

!nte##o"to#!es "n$ %!t&!n tee ;-< $"ys "fte#

se#!ce of t&e l"st !nte##o"to#!es "ut&o#!@e$*;f< 2s to 0"nne# of .#e."#"t!on*: E##o#s "n$

!##eul"#!t!es !n t&e 0"nne# !n %&!c& t&e

test!0ony !s t#"nsc#!/e$ o# t&e $e.os!t!on !s

.#e."#e$ s!ne$ ce#t!f!e$ se"le$ !n$o#se$

t#"ns0!tte$ f!le$ o# ot&e#%!se $e"lt %!t& /y

t&e off!ce# un$e# sect!ons 17 19 , "n$ 5 of

t&!s Rule "#e %"!e$ unless " 0ot!on to su..#ess

t&e $e.os!t!on o# so0e ."#t t&e#eof !s 0"$e %!t&

#e"son"/le .#o0.tness "fte# suc& $efect !s o#

%!t& $ue $!l!ence 0!&t &"e /een "sce#t"!ne$*

RULE >

DEPOSITIO)S 'EFORE 2CTIO) OR PE)DI)4 2PPE2L*

Sect!on 1* De.os!t!ons /efo#e "ct!on .et!t!on*2 .e#son %&o $es!#es to .e#.etu"te &!s o%n

test!0ony o# t&"t of "not&e# .e#son #e"#$!n "ny

0"tte# t&"t 0"y /e con!@"/le !n "ny cou#t of t&eP&!l!..!nes 0"y f!le " e#!f!e$ .et!t!on !n t&e

cou#t of t&e .l"ce of t&e #es!$ence of "ny

eB.ecte$ "$e#se ."#ty*Sec* * Contents of .et!t!on*

T&e .et!t!on s&"ll /e ent!tle$ !n t&e n"0e of t&e

.et!t!one# "n$ s&"ll s&o% ;"< t&"t t&e

.et!t!one# eB.ects to /e " ."#ty to "n "ct!on !n

" cou#t of t&e P&!l!..!nes /ut !s .#esently

un"/le to /#!n !t o# c"use !t to /e /#ou&t ;/* O#$e# "n$ eB"0!n"t!on*

If t&e cou#t !s s"t!sf!e$ t&"t t&e .e#.etu"t!on

of t&e test!0ony 0"y .#eent " f"!lu#e o# $el"y

of 8ust!ce !t s&"ll 0"ke "n o#$e# $es!n"t!n o#

$esc#!/!n t&e .e#sons %&ose $e.os!t!on 0"y /e

t"ken "n$ s.ec!fy!n t&e su/8ect 0"tte# of t&e

eB"0!n"t!on "n$ %&et&e# t&e $e.os!t!ons s&"ll /e

t"ken u.on o#"l eB"0!n"t!on o# %#!tten!nte##o"to#!es* T&e $e.os!t!ons 0"y t&en /e

t"ken !n "cco#$"nce %!t& Rule - /efo#e t&e

&e"#!n*Sec* ?* Refe#ence to cou#t*

Fo# t&e .u#.ose of "..ly!n Rule - to

$e.os!t!ons fo# .e#.etu"t!n test!0ony e"c&

#efe#ence t&e#e!n to t&e cou#t !n %&!c& t&e

"ct!on !s .en$!n s&"ll /e $ee0e$ to #efe# to t&e

cou#t !n %&!c& t&e .et!t!on fo# suc& $e.os!t!on%"s f!le$*

Sec* 5* Use of $e.os!t!on*If " $e.os!t!on to .e#.etu"te test!0ony !s t"ken

un$e# t&!s Rule o# !f "lt&ou& not so t"ken !t

%oul$ /e "$0!ss!/le !n e!$ence !t 0"y /e use$

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!n "ny "ct!on !nol!n t&e s"0e su/8ect 0"tte#

su/seAuently /#ou&t !n "cco#$"nce %!t& t&e

.#o!s!ons of sect!ons > "n$ ? of Rule -*Sec* 7* De.os!t!ons .en$!n "..e"l*

If "n "..e"l &"s /een t"ken f#o0 " 8u$0ent of "

cou#t !nclu$!n t&e Cou#t of 2..e"ls !n .#o.e#

c"ses o# /efo#e t&e t"k!n of "n "..e"l !f t&e

t!0e t&e#efo# &"s not eB.!#e$ t&e cou#t !n %&!c&

t&e 8u$0ent %"s #en$e#e$ 0"y "llo% t&e t"k!n of

$e.os!t!ons of %!tnesses to .e#.etu"te t&e!#

test!0ony fo# use !n t&e eent of fu#t&e#

.#ocee$!ns !n t&e s"!$ cou#t* In suc& c"se t&e

."#ty %&o $es!#es to .e#.etu"te t&e test!0ony 0"y

0"ke " 0ot!on !n t&e s"!$ cou#t fo# le"e to t"ke

t&e $e.os!t!ons u.on t&e s"0e not!ce "n$ se#!ce

t&e#eof "s !f t&e "ct!on %"s .en$!n t&e#e!n* T&e

0ot!on s&"ll st"te ;"< t&e n"0es "n$ "$$#esses of

t&e .e#sons to /e eB"0!ne$ "n$ t&e su/st"nce of

t&e test!0ony %&!c& &e eB.ects to el!c!t f#o0

e"c& "n$ ;/< t&e #e"son fo# .e#.etu"t!n t&e!#

test!0ony* If t&e cou#t f!n$s t&"t t&e

.e#.etu"t!on of t&e test!0ony !s .#o.e# to "o!$

" f"!lu#e o# $el"y of 8ust!ce !t 0"y 0"ke "n

o#$e# "llo%!n t&e $e.os!t!ons to /e t"ken "n$

t&e#eu.on t&e $e.os!t!ons 0"y /e t"ken "n$ use$

!n t&e s"0e 0"nne# "n$ un$e# t&e s"0e con$!t!ons

"s "#e .#esc#!/e$ !n t&ese Rules fo# $e.os!t!onst"ken !n .en$!n "ct!ons*

RULE ?

I)TERRO42TORIES TO P2RTIES

Sect!on 1* Inte##o"to#!es to ."#t!es se#!ce t&e#eof*Un$e# t&e s"0e con$!t!ons s.ec!f!e$ !n sect!on 1

of Rule - "ny ."#ty $es!#!n to el!c!t 0"te#!"l

"n$ #ele"nt f"cts f#o0 "ny "$e#se ."#t!es s&"ll

f!le "n$ se#e u.on t&e l"tte# %#!tten!nte##o"to#!es to /e "ns%e#e$ /y t&e ."#ty

se#e$ o# !f t&e ."#ty se#e$ !s " .u/l!c o#

.#!"te co#.o#"t!on o# " ."#tne#s&!. o#

"ssoc!"t!on /y "ny off!ce# t&e#eof co0.etent to

test!fy !n !ts /e&"lf*

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50/97

Sec* * 2ns%e# to !nte##o"to#!es*T&e !nte##o"to#!es s&"ll /e "ns%e#e$ fully !n

%#!t!n "n$ s&"ll /e s!ne$ "n$ s%o#n to /y t&e

.e#son 0"k!n t&e0* T&e ."#ty u.on %&o0 t&e

!nte##o"to#!es &"e /een se#e$ s&"ll f!le "n$

se#e " co.y of t&e "ns%e#s on t&e ."#ty

su/0!tt!n t&e !nte##o"to#!es %!t&!n f!fteen

;1?< $"ys "fte# se#!ce t&e#eof unless t&e

cou#t on 0ot!on "n$ fo# oo$ c"use s&o%n

eBten$s o# s&o#tens t&e t!0e*Sec* -* O/8ect!ons to !nte##o"to#!es*

O/8ect!ons to "ny !nte##o"to#!es 0"y /e

.#esente$ to t&e cou#t %!t&!n ten ;1,< $"ys "fte#

se#!ce t&e#eof %!t& not!ce "s !n c"se of "

0ot!on "n$ "ns%e#s s&"ll /e $efe##e$ unt!l t&e

o/8ect!ons "#e #esole$ %&!c& s&"ll /e "t "s

e"#ly " t!0e "s !s .#"ct!c"/le*Sec* >* )u0/e# of !nte##o"to#!es*

)o ."#ty 0"y %!t&out le"e of cou#t se#e 0o#e

t&"n one set of !nte##o"to#!es to /e "ns%e#e$ /y

t&e s"0e ."#ty*Sec* ?* Sco.e "n$ use of !nte##o"to#!es*

Inte##o"to#!es 0"y #el"te to "ny 0"tte#s t&"t

c"n /e !nAu!#e$ !nto un$e# sect!on of Rule -

"n$ t&e "ns%e#s 0"y /e use$ fo# t&e s"0e .u#.oses

.#o!$e$ !n sect!on > of t&e s"0e Rule*Sec* 5* Effect of f"!lu#e to se#e %#!tten !nte##o"to#!es*

Unless t&e#e"fte# "llo%e$ /y t&e cou#t fo# oo$

c"use s&o%n "n$ to .#eent " f"!lu#e of 8ust!ce

" ."#ty not se#e$ %!t& %#!tten !nte##o"to#!es0"y not /e co0.elle$ /y t&e "$e#se ."#ty to !e

test!0ony !n o.en cou#t o# to !e " $e.os!t!on

.en$!n "..e"l*RULE 5

2D(ISSIO) ' 2DVERSE P2RT

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Sect!on 1* ReAuest fo# "$0!ss!on*2t "ny t!0e "fte# !ssues &"e /een 8o!ne$ "

."#ty 0"y f!le "n$ se#e u.on "ny ot&e# ."#ty "

%#!tten #eAuest fo# t&e "$0!ss!on /y t&e l"tte#

of t&e enu!neness of "ny 0"te#!"l "n$ #ele"nt

$ocu0ent $esc#!/e$ !n "n$ eB&!/!te$ %!t& t&e

#eAuest o# of t&e t#ut&a