rule xii - general design construction requirements book format

8/9/2019 Rule Xii - General Design Construction Requirements Book Format

1/30

RULE XII - GENERAL DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 1201. General Requiremen!

1. Buildings proposed for construction shall comply with all the regulations and specifications

including safety standards embodied in the Administrative Order of DOLE herein set forthgoverning quality characteristics and properties of materials methods of design andconstruction type of occupancy and classification.

!. "he various applicable referral codes shall supplementally guide the planning design layoutcontent construction location#siting installation and maintenance of all buildings#structures.

$. %or the guidance of the general public the &ecretary shall periodically issue generic lists of approved strictly regulated or banned items procedures usages and the li'e relative to thedesign construction and use#occupancy of buildings#structures(

a. )aterials for construction*

b. +rocesses for the production of materials their installation or construction*

c. +rocedures#methodologies#systems for both design and construction*

d. Organi,ational structures#hierarchies for construction*

e. "ypes of occupancy* and

f. -lassifications relative to design construction and occupancy.

. All buildings#structures shall be placed in or upon private property or duly designated publicland and shall be securely constructed in conformance with the requirements of the -ode.

SECTION 1202. E"#a$ai%n& '%un(ai%n& an( Reainin) *all!

1. &ub/ect to the provisions of Articles 0 to 00 of the -ivil -ode of the +hilippines on lateraland sub/acent support the design and quality of materials used structurally in e2cavationfootings and in foundations shall conform to accepted engineering practice.

!. E2cavation and %ills

a. E2cavation and fills for buildings or structures shall be so constructed or protected thatthey do not endanger life or property.

b. 3henever the depth of e2cavation for any construction is such that the lateral and

sub/acent support of the ad/oining property or e2isting structure thereon would beaffected in a manner that the stability or safety of the same is endangered the personunderta'ing or causing the e2cavation to be underta'en shall be responsible for thee2pense of underpinning or e2tending the foundation or footings of the aforementionedproperty or structure.

c. E2cavation and other similar disturbances made on public property shall unlessotherwise e2cluded by the Building Official be restored immediately to its former

1+2


2/30

condition within hours from the start of such e2cavation and disturbances bywhosoever caused such e2cavation or disturbance.

d. Before underta'ing e2cavation wor's drilling or otherwise disturbing the ground thepersons doing the wor' or causing such wor' to be done shall contact all publicutilities#services to determine the possible location of underground facilities to avoidha,ard to public safety health and welfare caused by the inadvertent disruption of suchfacilities.

e. +rotection of Ad/oining +roperty. Any person ma'ing or causing an e2cavation to bemade below e2isting grade shall protect the e2cavation so that the soil of ad/oiningproperty will not cave4in or settle and shall defray the cost of underpinning or e2tendingthe foundation of buildings on ad/oining properties. Before commencing the e2cavationthe person ma'ing or causing the e2cavation to be made shall notify in writing the ownersof ad/oining buildings not less than ten 5167 days before such e2cavation is to be madeand that the ad/oining buildings will be protected by him. "he owners of the ad/oiningproperties shall be given access to the e2cavation for the purpose of verifying if their properties are sufficiently protected by the person ma'ing the e2cavation. Li'ewise theperson causing such e2cavation shall be given access to enter the ad/oining property for the purpose of physical e2amination of such property prior to the commencement and atreasonable periods during the progress of e2cavation. 8f the necessary consent is not

accorded to the person ma'ing the e2cavation then it shall be the duty of the personrefusing such permission to protect his buildings or structure. "he person causing thee2cavation shall not be responsible for damages on account of such refusal by thead/oining property owner to permit access for inspection. 8n case there is a party wallalong a lot line of the premises where an e2cavation is being made the person causingthe e2cavation to be made shall at his own e2pense preserve such party wall in as safea condition as it was before the e2cavation was commenced and shall when necessaryunderpin and support the same by adequate methods.

f. At an early stage and before wor' is commenced a careful and accurate survey of anycrac's in the e2isting ad/oining owner9s premises should be made and where possiblephotographs should be ta'en recorded and agreed between the parties concerned.3here necessary tell4tales should be fi2ed to crac's with the ob/ect of showing any

further movements during demolition and e2cavation. "ell4tales should preferably be inthe form of fi2ed points built in on each side of the crac' and should be capable of beingmeasured by a micrometer or vernier caliper. "hey should be of such a nature that bothhori,ontal and vertical movements could be recorded.

g. -ut slopes for permanent e2cavations shall not be steeper than two 5!7 hori,ontal to one517 vertical and slopes for permanent fills shall not be steeper than two 5!7 hori,ontal toone 517 vertical. Deviation from the foregoing limitations for slopes shall be permittedonly upon the presentation of a geotechnical#geological investigation report acceptable tothe Building Official.

h. On a large site that is at a considerable distance from the surrounding properties andpublic highways deep e2cavation may be carried out in the open in bul' leaving slopes

around the perimeter. 8t is important to ensure that no serious failures of the ban's willoccur to endanger those wor'ing on the site or the public. "he safe angle of the cut slopeshall be determined by an appropriate geotechnical#geological site investigationacceptable to the Building Official.

i. 8n cases where the e2cavation passes through a permeable water4bearing stratumoverlying an impervious bed a bench should be formed at the /unction of the strata tocarry an intermediate intercepting drain.

1+,


3/30

j. 8f groundwater is standing at a considerable head around the e2cavation measures shallbe underta'en to reduce this head by a system of weepholes at the lowest 1#$ section of the e2cavation wall or by enclosing the site with suitable sheet piling or if a water4sealingstratum can be reached within a reasonable distance at the bottom of the e2cavation.

k. 8n fine sands or silts where sheet piling alone is relied upon it will be necessary to watchthe pumping very carefully because in fine4grained materials the removal of even asmall volume of water may cause :blows; in the bottom of the e2cavation or may result indisturbance to ad/oining structures.

l. E2cept in e2cavation inside sloping ban's roc' or within caissons all e2cavationsshould be lined with shotcrete boards runners or sheet piles supported laterally if necessary by framings of wallings and struts which may be of timber steel or reinforcedconcrete to a sufficient e2tent to prevent the e2cavation from becoming dangerous to lifeor limb by movement or caving in of the ad/oining soil.

m. All linings and framings should be inserted as the e2cavation proceeds and should betightened up against the ad/oining soil by wedging or /ac'ing and secured by cleats or other suitable means.

n. Every trench 1.


4/30

$. %ootings %oundations and ?etaining 3alls

a. %ootings and foundations shall be of the appropriate type of adequate si,e and capacityin order to safely sustain the superimposed loads under seismic or any condition of

e2ternal forces that may affect the safety or stability of the structure. 8t shall be theresponsibility of the architect and#or engineer to adopt the type and design of the same inaccordance with the standards set forth by the &ecretary.

b. 3henever or wherever there e2ist in the site of the construction an abrupt change in theground levels or level of the foundation such that instability of the soil could resultretaining walls shall be provided and such shall be of adequate design and type of construction as prescribed by the &ecretary.

SECTION 120,. eneer

1. @eneer is a nonstructural facing of bric' concrete tile metal plastic glass or other similar approved materials attached to a bac'ing or structural components of the building for thepurpose of ornamentation protection or enclosure that may be adhered integrated or anchored either on the interior or e2terior of the building or structure.

!. Design Requirements. "he design of all veneer shall comply with the following(

a. @eneer shall support no load other than its own weight and the vertical dead load of veneer immediately above.

b. &urfaces to which veneer is attached shall be designed to support the additional verticaland lateral loads imposed by the veneer.

c. -onsideration shall be given to differential movements of the supports including thosecaused by temperature changes shrin'age creep and deflection.

d. Adhered veneer and its bac'ing shall be designed to have a bond to the supportingelements sufficient to withstand shearing stresses due to their weights including seismiceffects on the total assemblage.

e. Anchored veneer and its attachment shall be designed to resist hori,ontal forces equal totwice the weight of the veneer.

f. Anchors supports and ties shall be non4combustible and corrosion4resistant.

SECTION 120. En#l%!ure %/ eri#al Oenin)!

1. General. @ertical openings shall be enclosed depending upon the fire resistive requirementsof a particular type of construction as set forth in the -ode.

!. Elevator Enclosures. 3alls and partitions enclosing elevators and escalators shall be of notless than the fire4resistive construction required under the "ypes of -onstruction. Enclosingwalls of elevator shafts may consist of wire glass set in metal frames on the entrance side

1+


5/30

only. Elevator shafts e2tending through more than two storeys shall be equipped with anapproved means of adequate ventilation to and through the main roof of the building*Provided, that in those buildings housing roups % and Occupancies equipped withautomatic fire4e2tinguishing systems throughout enclosures shall not be required for escalators* Provided, further that the top of the escalator opening at each storey shall beprovided with a draft curtain. &uch draft curtain shall enclose the perimeter of the unenclosedopening and shall e2tend from the ceiling downward at least $66 millimeters on all sides.

Automatic sprin'lers shall be provided around the perimeter of the opening and within a 066millimeters of the draft curtain. "he distance between the sprin'les shall not e2ceed 1.6meters center4to4center.

$. Other ertical Openings. All shafts ducts chutes and other vertical openings not covered inparagraph above shall have enclosing walls conforming to the requirements specified under the type of construction of the building in which they are located. 8n other than roup AOccupancies rubbish and linen chutes shall terminate in rooms separated from theremainder of the building by a One4our %ire4?esistive Occupancy &eparation. Openingsinto the chutes shall not be located in required e2it corridors or stairways.

. !ir Ducts. Air ducts passing through a floor shall be enclosed in a shaft. "he shaft shall be

as required in this -ode for vertical openings. Dampers shall be installed where ducts piercethe shaft enclosure walls. Air ducts in roup A Occupancies need not be enclosed in a shaftif conforming to the mechanical provisions of the -ode.

SECTION 120. 'l%%r C%n!ru#i%n

1. %loors shall be of such materials and construction as specified under ?ule @ 4 %ire Cones and%ire4?esistive &tandards and under ?ule 8@ 4 "ypes of -onstruction.

!. All floors shall be so framed and secured into the framewor' and supporting walls as to forman integral part of the whole building.

$. "he types of floor construction used shall provide means to 'eep the beam and girders fromlateral buc'ling.

SECTION 120. R%%/ C%n!ru#i%n an( C%$erin)

1. Roof "overing. ?oof covering for all buildings shall be either fire4retardant or ordinarydepending upon the fire4resistive requirements of the particular type of construction. "he useof combustible roof insulation shall be permitted in all types of construction provided it iscovered with approved roof covering applied directly thereto.

!. Roof #russes. All roofs shall be so framed and tied into the framewor' and supporting walls

so as to form an integral part of the whole building. ?oof trusses shall have all /oints wellfitted and shall have all tension members well tightened before any load is placed in the truss.Diagonal and sway bracing shall be used to brace all roof trusses. "he allowable wor'ingstresses of materials in trusses shall conform to the -ode. -amber shall be provided toprevent sagging.

$. !ttics.

1+


6/30

a. !ccess. An attic access opening shall be provided in the ceiling of the top floor of buildings with a combustible ceiling or roof construction. "he opening shall be located ina corridor or hallway of buildings of three 5$7 or more storeys in height and readilyaccessible in buildings of any height. An opening shall not be less than 066 millimeterssquare or 066 millimeters in diameter. "he minimum clear headroom of 66 millimetersshall be provided above the access opening. %or ladder requirements refer to the+hilippine )echanical Engineering -ode.

b. !rea $eparation. Enclosed attic spaces of combustible construction shall be dividedinto hori,ontal areas not e2ceeding !


7/30

i. 3hen the unit area per occupant for any particular occupancy is not provided for in"able 88.1. the Building Official shall determine the same based on the unit areafor occupancy which it most nearly resembles.

ii. "he occupant load of any area having fi2ed seats shall be determined by thenumber of fi2ed seats installed. Aisles serving the fi2ed seats in said area shall beincluded in determining the occupant load.

iii. "he occupant load permitted in a building or portion thereof may be increasedabove that specified in "able 888.1. if the necessary e2its are provided.

iv. 8n determining the occupant load all portions of a building shall be presumed to beoccupied at the same time.

E*"EP#+O- Accessory areas which ordinarily are only used by persons whooccupy the main areas of occupancy shall be provided with e2its as though theywere completely occupied. owever in computing the ma2imum allowableoccupant load for the floor#building the occupant load of the accessory area#s shallbe disregarded.

b. E%it Requirements. E2ist requirements of a building or portion thereof used for differentpurposes shall be determined by the occupant load which gives the largest number of persons. >o obstruction shall be placed in the required width of an e2it e2ceptpro/ections permitted by the -ode.

c. Posting of Room "apacit&. Any room having an occupant load of more than fifty 5


8/30


9/30

storeys. %loors above the second storey basements and cellars used for other thanservice of the building shall have not less than two 5!7 e2its.

b. idth. "he total width of e2its in meters shall not be less than the total occupant loadserved divided by one hundred si2ty five 510o leaf of an e2it door shall e2ceed 1.!6 meters in width.

e. $pecial Doors. ?evolving sliding and overhead doors shall not be used as requirede2its.

160


10/30

f. Egress from Door. Every required e2it door shall give immediate access to an approvedmeans of egress from the building.

g. "hange in (loor )evel at Doors. ?egardless of the occupant load there shall be a floor or landing on each side of an e2it door. "he floor or landing shall be leveled with or notmore than


11/30

a. idth. &tairways serving an occupant load of more than fifty 5


12/30

i. $tair'a& "onstruction 1 +nterior. 8nterior stairways shall be constructed as specifiedin this -ode. 3here there is enclosed usable space under the stairs the walls andsoffits of the enclosed space shall be protected on the enclosed side as requiredfor one4hour fire resistive construction.

ii. $tair'a& "onstruction 1 E%terior. E2terior stairways shall be of incombustiblematerial( E%cept, that on "ype 888 buildings which do not e2ceed two storeys inheight which are located in less fire4restrictive %ire Cones as well as on "ype 8buildings which may be of wood not less than


13/30

3. $mokeproof Enclosures

A smo'eproof enclosure shall consist of a vestibule and a continuous stairway enclosedfrom the highest point to the lowest point by walls of two4hour fire4resistive construction. 8nbuildings five 5


14/30

d. Openings

All openings into an e2it court less than $.66 meters wide shall be protected by fireassemblies having not less than three4fourth 4 hour fire4resistive rating. E%cept, thatopenings more than $.66 meters above the floor of the e2it court may be unprotected.

11. E%it $igns and +lluminations

E2its shall be illuminated at any time the building is occupied with lights having anintensity of not less than 16.= LG at floor level* E%cept, that for roup A Occupancies thee2it illumination shall be provided with separate circuits or separated sources of power 5butnot necessarily separate from e2it signs when these are required for e2it sign illumination7.

1!. !isles

Every portion of every building in which are installed seats tables merchandiseequipment or similar materials shall be provided with aisles leading to an e2it.

a. idth

Every aisle shall be not less than 66 millimeters wide if serving only one side andnot less than 1.66 meter wide if serving both sides. &uch minimum width shall bemeasured at the point farthest from an e2it cross aisle or foyer and shall be increasedby $6 millimeters for every meter in length towards the e2it cross aisle or foyer.

&ide aisles shall not be less than 1.16 meters in width.

b. E%it Distance

8n areas occupied by seats and in roups and 8 Occupancies without seats the lineof travel to an e2it door by an aisle shall be not more than


15/30

1$. $eats

a. $eat $pacing

3ith standard seating the spacing of rows of seats from bac'4to4bac' shall be not lessthan 6 millimeters. 3ith continental seating the spacing of rows of unoccupied seatsshall provide a clear width measured hori,ontally as follows( "he width of any seat shall be not less than


16/30

"he number of seats between any seat and an aisle shall not be greater than fifteen51


17/30

f. Guardrails

i. uardrails shall be required in all locations where the top of a seat plan' is morethan 1.!6 meters above the grade and at the front of stands elevated more than066 millimeters above grade. 3here only sections of stands are used guardrailsshall be provided as required in the -ode.

ii. ?ailings shall be 1.16 meters above the rear of a seat plan' or 1.16 meters abovethe rear of the steps in an aisle when the guardrail is parallel and ad/acent to theaisle* E%cept, that the height may be reduced to I66 millimeters for guardrailslocated in front of the grandstand.

iii. A midrail shall be placed ad/acent to any seat to limit the open distance above thetop of any part of a seat to !


18/30

v. (our 597 E%its Required

%our 57 e2its shall be required when a stand or section of a stand accommodatesmore than 1666 occupants* E%cept, that for an open air stand with seats withoutbac'rest four 57 e2its need not be provided unless there are accommodations for more than three thousand 5$6667 occupants.

vi. idth

"he total width of e2its in meters shall not be less than the total occupant loadserved divided by one hundred si2ty five 510


19/30

SECTION 120+. S78li)9!

1. All s'ylights shall be constructed with metal frames e2cept those for roups A and Occupancies. %rames of s'ylights shall be designed to carry loads required for roofs. Alls'ylights the glass of which is set at an angle of less than


20/30

for elevators which run to the roof and in all other cases shall not e2tend more than $.06meters in height with the roof.

6. !rea

"he aggregate area of all penthouses and other roof structures shall not e2ceed one third51#$7 of the area of the supporting roof.

$. Prohibited 4ses

>o penthouse bul'head or any other similar pro/ection above the roof shall be used for purposes other than shelter of mechanical equipment or shelter of vertical shaft openings inthe roof. A penthouse or bul'head used for purposes other than that allowed by this &ectionshall conform to the requirements of the -ode for an additional storey.

. "onstruction

?oof structures shall be constructed with walls floors and roof as required for the mainportion of the building e2cept in the following cases(

a. On "ypes 888 and 8@ constructions the e2terior walls and roofs of penthouses which are1.o tower or spire shall occupy more than one4fourth 51#7 of the street frontage of anybuilding to which it is attached and in no case shall the base area e2ceed 1


21/30

-himneys shall be designed anchored supported reinforced constructed and installedin accordance with generally accepted principles of engineering. Every chimney shall becapable of producing a draft at the appliance not less than that required for the safeoperation of the appliance connected thereto. >o chimney shall support any structuralload other than its own weight unless it is designed to act as a supporting member.-himneys in a wood4framed building shall be anchored laterally at the ceiling line and ateach floor line which is more than 1.6 meters above grade e2cept when entirely withinthe framewor' or when designed to be free standing.

b. alls

Every masonry chimney shall have walls of masonry units bric's stones listed masonrychimney units reinforced concrete or equivalent solid thic'ness of hollow masonry andlined with suitable liners in accordance with the following requirements(

i. :asonr& "himne&s for Residential #&pe !ppliances

)asonry chimneys shall be constructed of masonry units or reinforced concretewith walls not less than 166 millimeters thic'* or of rubble stone masonry not lessthan $66 millimeters thic'. "he chimney liner shall be in accordance with the -ode.

ii. :asonr& "himne&s for )o' /eat !ppliances

)asonry chimneys shall be constructed of masonry units or reinforced concretewith walls not less than !66 millimeters thic'* E%cept, that rubble stone masonryshall be not less than $66 millimeters thic'. "he chimney liner shall be inaccordance with the -ode.

iii. :asonr& "himne&s for :edium1/eat !ppliances

)asonry chimneys for medium4heat appliances shall be constructed of solidmasonry units of reinforced concrete not less than !66 millimeters thic' E%cept,that stone masonry shall be not less than $66 millimeters thic' and in addition shall

be lined with not less than 166 millimeters of firebric' laid in a solid bed of fire claymortar with solidly filled head bed and wall /oints starting not less than 066millimeters below the chimney connector entrance. -himneys e2tending =.


22/30

than I.66 meters above the roof of the combustion chamber common bric' alone!66 millimeters in thic'ness may be used.

vi. :asonr& "himne&s for "ommercial and +ndustrial #&pe +ncinerators

)asonry chimneys for commercial and industrial type incinerators of a si,edesigned for not more than 116 'ilograms of refuse per hour and having ahori,ontal grate area not e2ceeding 6.o masonry chimney shall be corbeled from a wall more than 1


23/30

Every inlet to any masonry chimney shall enter the side thereof and shall be of not lessthan $ millimeters thic' metal or 10 millimeters refractory material.

/. "learance

-ombustible materials shall not be placed within o. 1 gaugecopper galvani,ed iron or other equivalent corrosion4resistant ferrous metal with allseams and connections of smo'eproof unsoldered construction. "he hoods shall be

sloped at an angle of


24/30

f. "learance to "ombustible :aterials

-ombustible materials shall not be placed within o. 1! gaugemetal. 3hen fully opened damper opening shall be not less than I6J of the required

flue area. 3hen fully open damper blades shall not e2tend beyond the line of the inner face of the flue.

h. )intel

)asonry over the fireplace opening shall be supported by a non4combustible lintel.

i. /earth

Every fireplace shall be provided with a bric' concrete stone or other approved non4combustible hearth slab at least $66 millimeters wider on each side than the fireplaceopening and pro/ecting at least


25/30

a. "onstruction and #ests ; Dry standpipes shall be of wrought iron or galvani,ed steel andtogether with fittings and connections shall be of sufficient strength to withstand !6'ilograms per square centimeter of water pressure when ready for service withoutlea'ing at the /oints valves or fittings. "ests shall be conducted by the owner or thebuilding contractor in the presence of a representative of the Building Official whenever deemed necessary for the purpose of certification of its proper function.

b. $i2e Dry standpipes shall be of such si,e as to be capable of delivering I66 liters of water per minute from each of any three 5$7 outlets simultaneously under the pressurecreated by one 517 fire engine or pumper based on the standard equipment available.

c. umber Required Every building four 57 or more storeys in height where the area of any floor above the third 5$rd7 floor is I>E-"8O> "O D?M &"A>D+8+E;.

$. et $tandpipes Every roup and 8 Occupancy of any height and every roup -Occupancy of two 5!7 more storeys in height and every roup B D E % and Occupancyof three 5$7 or more storeys in height and every roup and E Occupancy over 166 sq.meters in area shall be equipped with one or more interior wet standpipes e2tending from thecellar or basement into the topmost storey* Provided, that roup buildings having no stageand having a seating capacity of less than five hundred 5


26/30

standpipes systems capable of delivering the required quantity and pressure fromany two 5!7 outlets simultaneously* for all other Occupancies only one 517 outletneed be figured to be opened at one time. 8n no case shall the internal diameter of a wet standpipe be less than


27/30

/. /ose and /ose Reels ; Each hose outlet of all interior wet standpipes shall be suppliedwith a hose not less than $ millimeters in diameter. &uch hose shall be equipped with asuitable brass or bron,e no,,le and shall be not over !$.66 meters in length. Anapproved standard form of wall hose reel or rac' shall be provided for the hose and shallbe located so as to ma'e the hose readily accessible at all times and shall be recessed inthe walls or protected by suitable cabinets.

. 0asement Pipe +nlets Basement pipe inlets shall be installed in the first 51st7 floor of everystore warehouse or factory where there are cellars or basements under same* E%cept,where in such cellars or basements there is installed a fire4e2tinguishing system as specifiedin the -ode or where such cellars or basements are used for ban'ing purposes safe depositvaults or similar uses.

a. :aterial All basement pipe inlets shall be of cast iron steel brass or bron,e with lids of cast brass or bron,e and shall consist of a sleeve not less than !66 millimeters indiameter through the floor e2tending to and flush with the ceiling below and with a topflange recessed with an inside shoulder to receive the lid and flush with the finished floor surface. "he lid shall be a solid casting and shall have a ring lift recessed on the top

thereof so as to be flushed. "he lid shall have the words :%O? %8?E DE+A?")E>"O>LM DO >O" -O@E? G+; cast on the top thereof. "he lid shall be installed in such amanner as to permit its removal readily from the inlet.

b. )ocation. Basement pipe inlets shall be strategically located and 'ept readily accessibleat all times to the %ire Department.


28/30


29/30

more than one 517 ventilator is provided they shall be so spaced as to provide proper e2haustventilation. @entilators shall not be required for enclosed platforms having a floor area of


30/30

fused by heat will cause closure of the shutter by gravity. &hutters of a si,e greater than1$66 sq. centimeters shall be equipped with a counter4balance. "here shall also be afusible lin' located over the upper maga,ine of each pro/ector which upon operating willclose all the shutters. 8n addition there shall be provided suitable means for manuallyclosing all shutters simultaneously from any pro/ector head and from a point within thepro/ection room near each e2it door. &hutters on openings not in use shall be 'eptclosed* E%cept that shutters may be omitted when only acetate safety film is used.

rule xii - general design construction requirements book format

Documents