rule 2 the foundation of the rules
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Rule 2 The Foundation of the Rules. Mike Pasenelli CACPFO Rules Interpreter Revised 22 February 2011. Our Mission. Go over key parts of rule 2. Why Rule 2 Is So Important. 7-5-13, on page 62 - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Rule 2The Foundation of the
RulesMike Pasenelli
CACPFO Rules InterpreterRevised 22 February 2011
Go over key parts of rule 2
2
Our Mission
7-5-13, on page 62 An ineligible A player has illegally touched a
forward pass if he bats, muffs or catches a legal forward pass, unless the pass has first been touched by B.
Assumes: you know the definition of each of the underlined words.
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Why Rule 2 Is So Important
These are highlights only, and are designed to get you into a habit of using the books
I picked out things that are vital to understanding some basic concepts, and things that are not usually discussed by announcers, players or coaches
You have to study rule 2 over and over
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Key Parts of Rule 2
At all times during the game, the ball is either live or dead A dead ball is a ball not in play To have a live ball, you must have the ball declared ready
for play (2-35), then you must have a legal snap or a legal free kick
Prior to a legal snap or legal free kick, if any of 7 fouls occur, they cause the ball to remain dead• You must learn what these• They all have signal 7 in the penalty
No live-ball foul causes the ball to become dead (Fundamental III.2, page 80)
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Ball Live and Dead: 2-1
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Ball Live & Dead 2-1
DEAD BALL
READY FOR PLAY
SNAP OR FREE KICK
LIVE BALL
END OF DOWN
DEAD BALL
2 kinds of neutral zones:• Free kick neutral zones• Scrimmage down neutral zones
Free kick:• The space between the 2 free kick lines, which are
normally the 40 and the 50 on kickoffs• Can be moved by penalty
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Neutral Zone: 2-28
Neutral Zone during a Scrimmage down:• The space between the lines of scrimmage• Line of scrimmage: 2-25-1, the vertical plane through
the point of the ball nearest each team’s goal line• It is exactly one ball length wide
The neutral zone is established when the ball is declared ready for play (2-35)
It may be expanded following the snap up to 2 yards behind the defensive line of scrimmage, in the field of play
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Neutral Zone: 2-28
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Neutral Zone-Scrimmage Downs
Neutral Zone
Neutral Zone
Line of Scrimmage
Line of Scrimmage
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Neutral Zone-Free Kick Downs
Kickers’ free kick line
Receivers’ free kick line
Neutral Zone
2-32-14: The player who snaps the ball is the snapper, not the center
Not defined, but alluded to: an end• A player on the line of scrimmage who has no other
player on the line of scrimmage outside of him 2-32-3: Back: An A player who has no part of his
body breaks the plane of an imaginary line drawn through the waist of the nearest teammate who is legally on the line. For our purposes, B players are either on the line of scrimmage or they’re not.
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Player Designations: 2-32
2-32-3: Note that the player who is going to receive a direct hand to hand snap is, by definition, a back: commonly referred to as the QB
2-32-9: Lineman: An A player who:• Is facing his opponent’s goal line with his shoulders
approximately parallel to it, and• His head or foot breaking an imaginary line drawn
parallel to the line of scrimmage through the waist of the snapper.
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Player Designations: 2-32
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on theline
in thebackfield
in "limbo"i.e. Illegal Position
Rule 2-32-9
Rule 2-32-3
Legal Position at the Snap- on the line- in the backfield
A back is any Team A player, except for the player under the snapper, who has no part of his body breaking the plane of an imaginary line drawn parallel to the line of scrimmage through the waist of the nearest teammate who is legally on the line except for the player under thesnapper, who is also considered a back.
A lineman is any Team A player who is facing his opponent's goal line with the line of his shoulders approximately parallel thereto and with his head or foot breaking the plane of an imaginary line drawn parallel to the line of scrimmage through the waist of the snapper when the ball is snapped.
Snapper
Bob MasucciJuly, 2000
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Free-blocking Zone 2-17
Initial contact made below the waist, not against a runner
If the initial contact is with the hands, you do not have BBW
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Blocking Below the Waist 2-3-7
A delayed block, andAt the knees or below, andAgainst an opponent who is in contact with a teammate of the blocker, and
In the free blocking zoneNote: illustration has the wrong rule reference, should be 2-3-8
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Chop Block 2-3-8
Clipping is a block against an opponent when• The initial contact is from behind• At or below the waist• Not against an opponent who is a runner or pretending
to be a runner 2-32-13: Runner is a player in possession of a live
ball or is simulating possession of a live ball
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Clipping/Blocking in the Back 2-5
By definition, it is not possible to trip the runner
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Tripping: 2-45
Batting is an intentional act It consists of intentionally slapping or striking the
ball with the arm or hand For a player to bat the ball, he must make an
intentional act An ineligible A player has illegally touched a
forward pass if he bats, muffs or catches a legal forward pass, unless the pass has first been touched by B.
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Batting 2-2
Means more than simply gaining possession• Possession of the ball in flight
2-34-1: Possession implies being held or controlled• And first coming to the ground inbounds
If an airborne player receives the ball and lands so his first contact is inbounds, then he has caught the ball.
If the first contact is out of bounds, then there is no catch and the pass is incomplete
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Catch 2-4
A catch of a pass thrown by an opponent
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Interception 2-23
Catching the ball is always preceded by touching If touching the ball causes it to become dead,
securing possession of it is meaningless An ineligible A player has illegally touched a
forward pass if he bats, muffs or catches a legal forward pass, unless the pass has first been touched by B.
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Catching 2-4-2 & Touching 2-44
A catch means the ball has not hit the ground Gaining possession of a live ball after it strikes
the ground is a recovery Catch, interception or recovery only tells you
about the status of the ball, not the player• A player can recover a kick or fumble while on his feet• A player can catch or intercept a pass or fumble while
he is down on the ground
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Catching 2-4 & Recovery 2-36
A catch or recovery in which there is • Joint possession of a live ball• By opposing players• Who are inbounds
A simultaneous catch or recovery causes the ball to become dead and it belongs to the offense
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Simultaneous Catch or Recovery 2-4-3
A muff is the touching of a loose ball in an unsuccessful attempt to secure possession
A fumble is any loss of player possession other than by handing, passing or a legal kick
Key difference: a fumble means a player had possession and then lost it• Forward pass caught and fumbled equals live ball• Forward pass muffed and hits the ground is
incomplete
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Muff 2-27 & Fumble 2-18
Catching the ball is always preceded by touching If touching the ball causes it to become dead,
securing possession of it is meaningless An ineligible A player has illegally touched a
forward pass if he bats, muffs or catches a legal forward pass, unless the pass has first been touched by B.
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Catching 2-4-2 & Touching 2-44
Of a free kick• A catch by a receiver• In or beyond the neutral zone to the receiver’s goal line• After a valid signal
Of a scrimmage kick• A catch by a receiver• Beyond the neutral zone to the receiver’s goal line• After a valid signal
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Fair Catch: 2-9
In return for protection from being blocked or tackled, the receiver gives up the right to advance the ball
Awarded fair catch-a choice an offended team has for kick-catching interference
Valid fair catch signal:• Extending and lateral waving of one arm, at full arms
length above the head, by a receiver
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Fair Catch: 2-9
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Invalid/Illegal Fair Catch Signals: 2-9
Invalid-any signal by a receiver before the kick is caught or recovered• That does not
meet the requirements of a valid signal
• After the kick has touched a receiver
• After the kick has touched the ground
Illegal-any signal by a runner◦ After the kick has
been caught◦ After the kick has
been recovered
Where?• In the field of play
Who?• By any K player
When?• Before it crosses R’s free kick line and before it is
touched there by any R player
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First Touching of A Free Kick 2-12-1
Where?• In the field of play
Who?• By any K player
When?• Beyond the neutral zone expanded and before it is
touched there by R and before it has come to rest
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First Touching of A Scrimmage Kick 2-12-2
2 kinds of downs:• Scrimmage downs• Free kick downs
Scrimmage downs begin with a legal snap Free kick downs start with a legal kick All downs end when the ball next becomes dead
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Down: 2-7
The loss of the right to replay the down Does not automatically mean that the next down
will be a higher number There are 5 fouls that carry a loss of down
penalty: Opie’s hand pass touches the ground• OPI• Illegal handing• Illegal forward pass• Illegal touching• Intentional grounding
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Loss of Down: 2-7
A player is illegally in the neutral zone• During the time when the ball is marked ready for play
until the ball is snapped or free kicked An entering substitute is not considered a player
for encroachment purposes until he is on his side of the neutral zone
We don’t have “offsides” in our code
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Encroachment: 2-8
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The field is 160’ wide It is divided into thirds in the field of play (2-10-
2), which is the area bounded by the boundary lines and the goal lines
The things that divide the field into thirds are hash marks
The lines in the back of the end zones are the end lines
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Lines and Field: 2-26, 2-10
Any attempt by a player or non-player• To strike or engage a player or non-player in a combative manner unrelated to football
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Fighting 2-11
Short version—what and who put the ball in the end zone?• When the ball goes from the field of play into the end
zone, we have to know what and who put it there Can be from a carry, snap, pass, fumble or kick Can’t be from muffing or batting a pass, kick or
fumble in flight
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Force 2-13
Kicks going into R’s end zone-force is not a factor
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Force 2-13
2-16-1: A foul is a rule infraction for which a penalty is prescribed
Committing illegal touching is a foul 2-16-5: A penalty is a result imposed by rule
against a team or team member that has committed a foul• Most often a yardage penalty• Can be an automatic first down or loss of down or
something else
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Fouls and Penalties
2-16-2a: Dead ball foul, as opposed to a live ball foul
2-16-2b: Double is one or more live ball fouls (not non-player or USC) committed by each team
2-16-2e: Multiple means 2 or more against the same team
2-16-2c: Flagrant-a very severe foul
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Fouls and Penalties
Transferring player possession from one player to a teammate in such a way that the ball is still in contact with the 1st player when it is touched by the teammate-handing is not a pass
Forward handing occurs when the runner releases the ball when the entire ball is beyond the yard line where the runner is positioned
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Handing the Ball: 2-19
2-24-1: Kicking is an intentional act• If a player is attempting to recover a loose ball and he hits it with his foot, that is not a kick
We have 2 types of kicks:• Free kicks• Scrimmage kicks
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Kicks: 2-24
Any legal kick from in or behind the neutral zone
Place kick (attempting a field goal or try)• Ball is in a fixed position on the ground or on a tee• Can have a teammate be the holder
Drop kick (attempting a field goal or try)• Player drops the ball and kicks it when it touces the
ground or as it is rising from the ground Punt-player drops the ball and kicks it before it
touches the ground
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Scrimmage Kicks: 2-24
Free kicks• Kickoff
Beginning of each half After a successful field goal After any try Place kick/drop kick
• Free kick following a safety (place kick/drop kick/punt)• Fair catch/awarded fair catch (place kick/drop kick)
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Free Kicks: 2-24
You must memorize the following: “A kick is a kick until it’s possessed or is dead by
rule.” It is one of the simplest statements to make, but
easiest to forget It has major implications during kicking downs
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Kicks: 2-24-2
Any intentional striking of the ball that does not comply with articles 3 and 4:• Kicking a ball that is loose on the ground• Kicking a ball beyond the line of scrimmage• Kicking a ball beyond the free-kick line• Kicking a ball after a change of possession
After an illegal kick, the ball is treated as a fumble
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Illegal Kicks: 2-24-9
There are only 2 kinds of passes:• Forward passes• Backward passes
What’s not on the list: “lateral” How the passer throws the pass does not
matter, and, for purposes of forward or backward, where he throws it from does not matter
What matters is whether the pass was forward or backward
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Passes: 2-31
The determination as to whether a pass is forward of backward is determined by the initial direction of the pass
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Passes: 2-31
A spot is a place on the field 2-41-4: Inbounds spot
• We only snap or free kick the ball between the inbounds lines (hashmarks), so when the ball is dead in a side zone or out of bounds we next snap it from the inbounds spot
2-41-10: Succeeding spot• Where the ball would next be snapped or free kicked if a
foul had not occurred.
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Spots: 2-41
2-41-6: PSK spot• The spot where the kick ends
2-41-9: Spot where the run ends• Where the ball becomes dead in the runner’s possession• Where the runner loses player possession if the run is
followed by a loose ball
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Spots: 2-41
Go over key parts of rule 2
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Our Mission