'Ruby On Rails' or 'ROR' or 'Rails'

– Developed by Original Author- David Heinemeier Hansson – Initial Release on 13th December 2005 – Versions- 1.0, 1.2, 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.0, 3.1, 3.2, 4.0, 4.1, 4.2

Overview

– Web Application Framework written in Rails under the MIT Licence

– MVC Framework – Providing structures from a database, a web service & web

pages– Encouraging & facilitating the use of web standards- XML

(Extensible Markup Language) or JSON (JavaScript Object Notion) for data transfer, and HTML, CSS & JavaScript for display & user interfacing

– Emphasizing the use of other well-known software engineering patterns & paradigms that include DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself), CoC (Convention over Configuration) & the active record pattern.

Technical Overview

- Uses MVC (Model-View-Controller) Framework in order to organize application programming.

- A Model- in the ROR framework, maps to a table in the database.- A View- in the default configuration of Rails in an 'erb' file that is evaluated & converted toHTML at run-time. On the other hand, many other templating systems can be used for views. - A Controller is a client-side component of Rails, responding to external requests from the

webserver to the applications by determining which file to render.- Includes tools that make the common development task pretty easier, for instance,

scaffoldingthat can automatically construct some of the models & views needed for a basic website. - An extensive use of the JavaScript libraries, Prototype for scripting Ajax actions.- ROR is initially utilized lightweight SOAP for web services. Later, it is replaced by RESETfulweb services.

Technical Overview

Version 2.0 ROR offers both HTML & XML as standardized output formats, andRails 3.1 introduced Saas as CSS templating.

Framework Structure: ROR is separated into diverse packages, including-ActiveRecord, Active Resources, Action Pack, Active Support & Action Mailer.

Deployment: It is often installed using RubyGems- a package manager that isincluded with current versions of Ruby. It is typically deployed with a databaseserver, including MySQL & a web server such as Apache running the PhusionPassenger Module.

Philosophy & Design

It is intended to emphasize the two principles- DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself)

and CoC (Convention Over Configuration)

CoC means a developer only needs to specify unconventional aspects of the

application.

DRY means that information is located in a single & unambiguous place.

Strength Of Rails

It embraces test-driven development that includes- Unit, Functional &

Integration Testing.

There are tree pivotal environments- development, testing &production.

- The Database Support: Oracle, DB2, SQL Server & SQLite - Action Web Service - Action Mailer

Rails Environment

- Runs on myriad diverse web servers. - Mostly development will be done using- WEBrick.- Alternative servers- Apache, Mongrels & Lightly.- Development Environment- Windows, Linux & OS X

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