RTS Meeting

January 2008 In-Vehicle Domains

• Powertrain:– Control of engine and transmission

– Several complex control, high computing complexity

– Multitasking and strict timing constraints

– Frequent data exchanges b/w chassis and body

– Requires fault tolerance, predictability and large bandwidth

• Chassis: – Control of suspension, braking and steering (Active safety)

– Closed loop and advanced control systems (similar to Powertrain)

– ABS, ESP, ASC (Automatic Stability Control), 4WD (4 Wheel Drive), EPS (Electronic Power Steering), active suspension, ASR (Anti Slip Regulation), ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control)

– Similar timing req. but more safety related

– X-by-wire applications (steer-by-wire, brake-by-wire, drive-by-wire)

– Requires fault tolerance, predictability, large bandwidth and flexibility to some extent

– Towards time-triggered approaches• Why?

– Dependability (reliability + predictability)– Composability

• Body: – Dashboards, wipers, lights, doors, windows, climate

control etc.

– Comfort functions that necessitate many exchange information

– Not all nodes require a large bandwidth

– LIN and TTP/A mainly used (up to 20 kbps)

– for nodes that require large bandwidth and instant response CAN-B (low speed CAN up to 125 kbps)

• Safety:– Active Safety: ABS, Vehicle Dynamics

Control (VDC) and cruise control

– Passive Safety Systems: Airbags, Seat belt pretensioner

– Requires fault tolerance, predictability, large bandwidth

• Telematics:– Car radio, CD, DVD, hands-free phones, in-vehicle

navigation systems, rear seat entertainment

– Multimedia data streams and QoS with preserving the integrity

– Security of information is important

– Requires large bandwidth, flexibility, security and predictability to some extent

– MOST (Media Oriented System Transport), IDB-1394

• Relatively new protocols for in-vehicle networks– TTP/C: x-by-wire– TTCAN: chassis, active and passive safety

systems and x-by-wire– FlexRay: x-by-wire

Possible Conferences I

• IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC)

• IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS) *

• Conference on Real-Time and Network Systems (RTNS)

• EUROMICRO Conference on Real-Time Systems (ECRTS) *

• International Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Real-Time Systems (WPDRTS)

• International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTCSA)

• International CAN Conference (ICC) *

Possible Conferences II• Workshop on Real-Time Systems (WTR)

• Design, Automation & Test in Europe (DATE) *

• IEEE International Conference on Vehicular Electronics and Safety (ICVES)

• European Congress Embedded Real-Time Software (ERTS)

• International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS)

• Automotive Electronics Conference

• Main Areas of Interest

– Comparison of time-triggered and event-triggered concepts– Comparison of different in-vehicle communication protocols– Application based comparison– Protocol specifications (academic protocols) and timing analysis– Scheduling applied on protocols (such as CAN, TTCAN and

FlexRay)– Using relatively newer protocols for in-vehicle applications:

TTP/C, FlexRay, TTCAN– Improvements on protocols

• Performance improvement (i.e. bus access optimization)• Fault tolerance mechanisms’ improvement for more dependability

(fault detection, fault and error modeling and correction)• MW improvements

• Integration, coherence and interoperability of different in-vehicle networks in a car

• FlexRay Network

• Reservation based approaches for hybrid communication networks

INITIAL RESEARCH QUESTIONS

17.12.2008

• Integration, coherence and interoperability of different in-vehicle networks in a car– Middleware (Communication Layer)

• What are the functions?– Hiding the distribution and the heterogeneity of the system

– Providing high level services (i.e. fault tolerance and frame packing)

– Improving QoS

• OSEK/VDX, OSEK/VDX FTCom and Volcano• OSEK/VDX implementation language and operating system

(real-time application development)

INITIAL RESEARCH QUESTIONS

• FlexRay Network– Scheduler Design

• Schedulability and time analysis• Bus access optimization (min. response time)• Frame packing?• Optimization wrt. different performance metrics?

– Middleware for FlexRay• Current ones for FlexRay?• Additional fault tolerant mechanisms

INITIAL RESEARCH QUESTIONS

• Reservation based approaches for hybrid communication networks– Improvements for FTT-CAN and Server-CAN– Fault tolerance mechanisms– How to implement providing integrity?

INITIAL RESEARCH QUESTIONS