rtr reference notes

K .

INDO PACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTE

RADIOTELEPHONYAEROMbBILE

NOTES FORRT(R)A COP EXAMINATION

byCapt. S.J.Singh

Vice President - Training

E 14 / 20 Vasant Vihar New Delhi 1 10057

COURSE INDOPACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTEE-14lt9,VASANT VrHA&NEW DELHr I 10057

(+91 tl) 26r s 42s7 / s8, (+91)987 37 1 698',7

SUBJEC:Radio Telephony

AeromobileAERODROM

ATC .p&

COURSE INDOPACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTEE-I4/19.VASANT VI}IAR.NEW DELHI ] IOO57

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SUBJECT

Ra(lio Telephonyieromobile

AtrRODROME &ATC

=

=

' F i g - l

Physical features ofOperational Area ofan Aerodrome

4

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n

6

z

COURSE INDopACrFIcAVIArroNrNsrrrurt--E-] 4/I9,VASANT VIHAR,NEW DELHI I ] l]O57

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SUBJECTRadio Telophony

AeromobileAERODROMf, &

ATC

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Aerodrome Reference PointIt is a designated point established in a horizontal alor near the g9a!9tILq-!9!I!9 of the

landing area. It is marked with a metallic plate embedded in tie ground in the horizontal position

engraved with name of the aerodrome, latitude & longi'ude and elevation of the hjghest point of

landing area.

Aerodrome ElevrtiotThe elevation ofaerodroms reference point (,-41P Gen I 7.5)

COURSE INDOPACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTE8,14/I9,VASANT VIHAR.NEW DELHI ] I ( ] ()57

(+9r l 1) 26154257/58, (+91)987371 6987

SUBJECT

Radio Tel€phonyAeromobile

ADRODROME &ATC

AerodromeA defined area on land or water (including any buildings, installations and equipment)

intended to be used either wholly or in part lor the arrival, departure and surface movement of

aircraft.

Apron

A defined area, on a land aefodfome intendcd to accommodate aircfaft lor puryoses ol loading

unloading passenger, mail or cafgo, fuelling, parking ol maintenance

StandA designated place on apron for lhe purpose ofparking ofaircraft

TaxiwayA <lefine path on a land aerodrome eStablished for the ta-\iing of aircraft and intended to

provide a link between one part ofthe aerodrome and another, including;

a) Airc.aft stand taxi lane. A portion of an apron designated as a ta-\iway and intended topro\ ide access lo aircrafl stand only.

b) iprorf-laxrwgf. e portion ofa ta,\iway system located on an apron and intended to provide

a lhlough ta)(i route across lhe apronc) Raoid exit ta,xiwaY. A taxiway connected to a runway at an acute angle and designed to

allow landing aeroplanes to turn off at higher speeds than are achieved on other taxiways

there by minimizing runway bccupancy tlmes

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SUBJECTRadio Telepho y

AeromobileAERODROj\'IE &

ATC

Taxiway IdentificalionEach taxiway is identified by an English alphabet A ro Z. A taxiway that breaks into parts

due to intersections or otherwise may have a numerical number along with its English lettef, fore.g. Cl, C2, C3, etc.

Runway Holding PositionA designated position intended to pfotect a runway, an obstacle limitation surfaoe, o. an

ILS critical/sensitive area at whicb taxiing aircraft and vehicles shall stop and hold, unlessotherwise authorized by the aefodfome control tower.

ffirfsryffi

ffiFeq€{$

InermPdia le HoldtngH Runway Holding

lIlflll

- ll"

tfiFig-2

Intermediate holding positionA designated position intended for traflc

shall stop and hold until fLrfthef cleared to proceed,

Wind Sock

conkol at which taxiing aircraft and vehicleswhen instructed by aercdrome control tower.

wind flows and swivels along the direction ofof the wind and its approximate speed. It is

Fig- 3It is a conical device made of cloth through whichwind. This gives visual indication of the directioninstalled in open area near runway.

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SUDJECT

Radio TelephonyAeromobile

ADRODRO}IE &ATC

Signal AreaAn area on an a€rodrome used for the display olground signals.

Runrvayi define rectangular area on a land aerodrome prepared for the landing and take-off of

aircratl.

I ig- 4

Rnnway DesignatorA whJe number, to the nearest one-tenth of Magnetic No{h Additional pa'allel runways

are labeled "L" (left). "R" (right), and "C" (cente|.

Fig- 5

ThresholdThe beginning ofthat portion ofrunway usable for landing.

TouchdownThe point where the nominal glide path intercepts the funway'

Runwry StripA dehned area including the runrvay and stop way, ifprovided'

All',1lNG F0lltlT |VARKING

-l

Shoulder

. An area adjaceni to the edge ofa Davement so prepared as to provide a hansition betweenrne pavement and the odjacent surface.

Selecfion ofRunlyaySelecrion ofrunwrr ro be used for a,r iv. l and.deparrure ofaircrai l js made bJ rerooromet on l roJ . Fac to f5 tha t i r e laken jn locons ide ra l t on to r5e tecUono f fun$a) tn_useared (under :

l . Wind direction2. fraf l lc conJil ion,3. Type ofapproach to iand4. T)pe oJ air.raft5. Sun

F__- clearuay-l

Stop wny.

AthllNG FOJt!'f t,lARKJht6 SHOULDER

."n"," ",* ,f;*?;i::r:i.:hH ;: $:il:: f; :*""#;'"ff;.,:H?avai,ab,e prepared as aClearway. A defined rectangulaf area olarea over'Lhich cn aeroo,.""","i,,* lo',jli,j;T",i,[,"jlilr':j:*::1,$"ffi:il;l a5 a suirabreTake off Run Avrirabre (ToM). The rength of funway decrared availabie and suitabre for theground run ofan aeroplane rckjng olt

3ili*"X, td*:n"ilable (ToDA) The lensth of rake off run availabre prus the rength or

iXr:';;o ttoo o^tance Av{itable (ASDA). The tength of rake of run avaitable plus the tengfi

Landing Disrance Availabte (LDA). Tl

il:l?i*,3:fl:J,"+;#:il::,.:il".i:^lT:f.or runwav, which is decrared avaiiabre and

A unrr established lo pro\ ide A Ta scrvice ro rerodrome tfaff ic.

I l\ DopAcr Frc qvl {TlbNlNsrtrur[J : . I 4 ' I . 9 V A S A N T V I H A R . N E W D E L H I I I l ) O 5 7

1*Ot t t) Z6 stzSz tSS. lrOtlOvlz tAOtiRadio Tetephony

Aeromobile AERODROME &

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SUDJDCT

Radio TelephonyAeromobil€

AERODROME &ATC

Maneuvering AreaThat pad ofan aerodrome Io b.3 used fof take off, landing and taxiing ofaircraft, excluding

apron,

Movement Ar€tThat part of an aerodrome to be used for take off, landing and taxiing of aircraft, and the

apron.

Aerodrome Traffi c Circr!itThe specified path to be flown by aifcraft operating in the vicinity of an aircraft

Aerodrome Tra llicAll traffic on nanoeuvring area of an aerodrome and all aircraft flying in the vicinity of

aerodrome,

Note: A clircraft is in lhe ficinity ofan aerodrdme \)hen it is,, en[ering or leaing an aerodrome

lroltrt circuit.

Aerodrome Traff ic ZoneAn airspace of defined dimensions established around an nerodrome for the protection ol

aerodrone traffic

Air TraflicAll aircraft in flight or operating on the manoeuvl ing area ofan aercdrome

Anita.le.The vertical

mean sea level.

ALTIMETERY

Fig- 7

distance of a level, a point or an object considered as a point, measufed lrom

Eeight.The vefticaldistance of a level, a point or an object considered as a point, measured lrom a

specified datum.

Flight level,A surface of constant atmospheric pressllre, wh'ch is related to a specific pressure datum,

1013.2 hectopascals, and is separated from other surfacei by specified pressure intervals.

LeveLA generic term related lo the vertical position ofan aircraft jn flight and meaning variously,

height, altitude, or flight level.

Elevation.The vertical dislance of a level, a point or an object considercd as point, on ihe sufface of

the earth measured from mean seo,level,

QNH.Aerodrome presslrre deduced to mean sea Ievel pressllre under standard atmospheric

conditions.

eFF. -'. Lt-t dt val aiL {tLv-l,;- d^{d{, dhc* &iJ H !-i,,i1 ^.t lcr !.s.t",af ro0.

Aerodrome pressure deduced to mean sei level pressure under existing atmosphericconditions.

QFE.Aerodrome pressure prevailing at aerodrone.

QNE.Height ofan object or a place measured from the datum of 1013.2 hPa.

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SUBJtrCT


Af,RODROME &ATC

COURSE INDOPACIFIC AVTATION INSTITUTEE- I4l I9,VASANT VIHAR,NEW DELHI 1 I OO57

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SUBJECT


AERODRONTE &ATC

Note- An altimeter:l. When set to a QNH altimeter setting , will indicate altitude;2. When set to QFE altimeter setting will indicate height above the QFE reference datun.3. When set to pressure of 1013.2 hPa, may be used to indicate flight levels.

frontition ahitude.The altitude at or below which the vedical position ofan aircrall is controlled by relerence

to altitudes.

Trahsit,'ah level.The lowest flight level available for use above the transition altitude

Ttunsition la))rr.The airspace between the transition altitude and the transition Ievel

l 0

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SUBJECTRadio Telephony

AeromobileAERODROME &

ATC

METEOROLOGICAL REPORTS

Meteorological ReporfA statement ofobseNed meteorological conditjons related to a specific time and location.

MDTAR.The routine weather report of an aerodrome issued every half an hour. lt gives surface

wind, Visibility, Prevailing weather condition, Temp, Due Point, QNH and trend forecast.

SPECI,This is Selected Speiiai Weatrer report that is issued when a significant change in METAR

report takes place. SPECI is issued in between imm€diately and is valid till the issuance ofthe nextMETAR,

VOLMET.Cuffent Weathef Reports and Aerodrome Forecasts SIGMENT of certain solutions are

broadcast in HF fiom Mumbai and Kolkatta at halfhour intervals.

cAvoK.This is a code word that is spoken lor cloud and visibility OK. It replace visibility, weather

and cloud il:L Visibi l ir) i5 l0 kms. Or morc2. No Cumulonimbus cloud and no other cloud forecast at 1500 melers (5000 feet) or belo\a.3. No precipitatjon, thunderstorm, Sandstorm, Dust storm, Fog forccast.

CLOUD Amount is given.as: .

FEW - Few l to2OktasSCT. - Scattered (halfor less than halfsky is covered), 3 to 4 OktasBKN. - BROKEN (more than halfbur less than OVC), 5 to 7 oktasOVC, OVERCAST (entire sky covered), 8 Oktas

Visibi l i tyThe ability as determined by atmospheric conditions and expressed in units oi distance, to

see and identify prominent unlighted objects by day and prominent lighted objects by night.

Flight VisibilityThe visibility forward from the cockpit olan aircraft in flight.

Ground Visibi l i ty \ hichThe visibility at an aerodfome as reported bi an accredited obse.ver.

Runway Visual R.ngeThe range over which the pilot ofan aircraft on the centr€ line ofthe runway can see lne

runway surface markings or the Iights deiineating the runway or jdentifying its centre irne.

l l

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SUBJECTRadio Tel€phony

AeromobileAIRODRO[ ' IE &

ATC

DewpointIt is the temperature to which a given pafcel ol air must be cooled, at conslant barometric

pressure, lbr water vapot to condense into watef-

STANDARD ATMOSPHEREThe specification ofthe standard 4tmosphere is formulated by ICAO as follows:

a, Ine arr rs a perTect ory gas;

b. Sea levelatmospheric pressurc: 1013.25 HPa;

c. Sea level temperature I5oC

d. The rate of lall of temperaru;e $,ith he;ght 6.50C / km up to I I kn.

e. The temp€rature oiair remains uniform at -56.50 C at 1 1 km and upto 20 km.

f. From20kmto30km A f ise of tempeBture with height about 10 C/km or 0.30 C/1000 ft.

For aviation purposes it is not necessary to specify standard atmosphere above 32 km.

Transition levelIt is the lowest useable flight level above an aerodrome, below which tlte verlical distance

is measured as altitude.

Transition altitudeli is a level at or below which the vertical distance is measured as altitude.

SICMET InformationInibrmation used brv a meteorological rvatch office concel.ning the occu(ence or expected

occurence of specified en-rolite rleather phenomena, which may affect the safety of aircraftope€tions,

AIRMET InformationInfofmation used by a meteorological watch office concerning the occuffence or expecred

occurrence of specified en-route weathef phenomena, which may aflect the salety ol low levelaircraft operations which was not included in the fofecast issued for -low flights.

t2

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SUBJECT


AERODRO]IIE &ATC

AUTOMATIC TERMINAL INFORMATION SERVICE (ATIS)Ai busy aerodromes it bdcomes difficult for the gfound controlle.s to give foutlne

information about the aerodrome ancl weather conditions to aircraft now and then So the requitedinformation is fed jnto a tape recording system that transmits it on a particular frequencycontinuously during the specified times. This facilitates pilots to monitor lhe infofmation as and

when they require without distutbing the contfoller. This system of pfoviding current and routine

inlormation by means of continuous and repetitive broadcasts is known as ATIS The ATIS

message consists ma:nl) ofthe l 'ol lo\ ing elemenl":l. Name ofaerorlrome2. Designator - the wofd INFORMATION and identification letter from ICAo alphabet3, Time ofob5er\ ir ion4, Type olapproach (es) to be expected5, Runway in use6. Transition Ievel7. Essential operational infofmation8. Suface wind direction and speed9. Visibi l i ty / RVR10. Present weather11. Cloud below 5000 feet of below the highest minimum sector altitude, which evef is greater;

Cumulonimbus.12. Air lemperalure13, Dew point14. All imeler selt;ngs15. Trend forecast16. Specified structure

When rapid changing Meteorology conditions make it impractical to lransmit an up-lo-dateweather report, the ATIS message will indicate that weather information will be supplied o0initialcontact with appropriale ATS unit.

ATIS Freo. l26.4. i26.6. 126.8.

D-ATIS \is data link ATIS systern, in which pilot gets a wfitten message in the aircraft aboutall the broadcast ofATiS. This removes chances of a pilot listening of writing wrongly of anyofthe information.The provision ofATlS via Data link.

V-ATIS is voice ATIS system where;n the pilot g6ts voice transmission of ATIS only. Theprovision oIATIS by means ofcontinuous and repetitive voice broadcasts.

13

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SUBJECT


AERODRONIE &ATC

GENERAL OPERA.TING PROCEDURES

1,1 INTRODUCTION

The information and instructions transmitted are of importance in the safe and expeditious operation

oi aircraft. lncident and accidents have occuffed in which a conlributing factor has been the use of

non-standard orocedures and philseology cannot be ovetemphasized

1.2 TR{NSMITTING TECHNIOUE

a) before transmitting ,listen out on the frequency to be used to eDsure that thete will be no

ilterference lvith a transmission ftom other station ;

b) use a normal conversational tone, and speak clear and distinct;

c, maintain an even ra(e ol speech not cxceeding 100 words per mil)ule when ii is known

that elements of th. mesiage witl be written down by the recipient, speak at slightly

slower rate;

d) maintail the speaking level at constant level;

e) a slight pause before and after numbers rvill assist in making them easiel to understand;

I avoid using hesitation sound such as "er"i

g) keep microphone at appropriate distancg from the mouth ;

b) suspend speech temporarily if it becomes necessary to the tum head away from the

microphone;

i) depress the tfarsmit switch fully before speaking and do not release it until the message

is completed. This ensure that the entire message is tralNmitted;

j) the transmission of long message should be interrupted lnomentarily fiom time to time

to pennit the trarsmitting operator to conform that the frequency in use is clear and' if

necessary, to pernit the receiving operator to request repetition ofpalt not received'

l 4

1.3 TRANSMISSION OF LETTERS

Syllables to be emphasized afe underlined.

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ATC

Bc

AlphaBravoCharlie

VictorWhiskeyX-RayYankeeZulu

AL FAHBRAH VOHCTIAR LEE oTSHAR LEEDELL TAHECK OHFOKS TROTGOLFHO TELLIN DEE AHJEW LEE ETTKEYLOHLEE MAHMIKENO VEM BEROSS CAHPAH PAHKEH BECKROWMEOHSEE AIR RAHTANG GOYQU NEE FORM orOO NEE FORMVIK TAHWISS KEYECKS RAYYANGKEYzoo Looo

DEFGHIJKLMNoPaRSTU

wxYz

DeltaEchoFoxfotGolfHotelindiaJuliettKiloLimaMike .NoveurberOscarPapaQueo-ecRomeoSienaTangoUniform

15

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SUBJECT


AERODROME &ATC

1,4 TRANSMISSION OF NUMBERS

1.4.1 The syllables printed in capital lettefsZE-RO are given equal emphasis, whereas the

are to be stressed; lof example,f irst syl lable of FOW-er is given

the lwo syl lables inprimary emphasis.

Number or numeral element

L234561

9DecimalHundredThousand

ZE-ROWUNTOOTREEFOW-erFIFESIXSEV-enAITNIN-erDAY-SEE-MALHUN-dredTOU-SAND

1.4.2 All numbers, except as specified in 1.4.3, shlill be transmitted by pronouncing each digit

Aircrali call signs Transmitted as

IT 693AI 107

King fish air six nine threeAir lndia one zero seven

Flight level

FL 180FL 2OO

Tlansmitted as

Flight level one eight zeroFlight level two zero zero

Heading

100 degree080 degree

Transmitted as

Heailing onc zero zeroHeading zero eight zero

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ATC

1.4.3

l 7

II/ind direction and speed

200 degree 70 knots

160 degree l8 knotsgusting 30 knots

Transmitted as

Wind t\vo zero zero degrees seven zeroKnotsWind one six zero degrees one eight knotsCusting thrcc zero knots

Transponder codes

2 4004 2s3

Transmitted as

Sqoawk two four zero zeroSquawk four two five thre€

Runway

2',730

Transmitted as

Runway trvo sevenRunway three zero

Altimeter setting

I 0 1 01 000

Transmitted as

QNll one zero one zeroQNFI one zero zero zero

Altilude

8003 40012000

Tlansmitted as

eight hurdredthree thousand four hundredone two thousand

Cloud height

2 2004 300

Traosmifted as

Trvo thousand two hundr€dFour thousand three hundred

l/isibility

I 000700

Transmitted as

Visibi l i ty one fhousandVisibility seven hundred

Runway tisual rallge

6001 700

RVR six hundredRVR one thousand seven hundred

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SUBJtrCTRrdio T€lephony

Aeromobile

AEROD;IOMf, &ATC

1.4.4 Except as specif ied in 1.4.5 al l six digits of the numefical designator should be used toidenti ly the tfansmitt ing channel in VHF radio telepathy cornmunications, except jn the case olboth be used the fifth and sixth digits being zefos, ir which case only dle first digits should beused.

No te l : - t he fo l l ow ingexamp les i l l us t ra te theapp l i ca t i ono f thep rocedLr fe in l4 '1 :

Channel Transmitted as

I18 .000118.005I18 .0101t8 .025118.050118.100

ONE ONE EICHT DECIMAL ZEROONE ONE EICHT DECIMAI, ZERO ZERO FIVEONE ONE DIG}IT DECIMAL, ZERO ONE ZEROONE ONE EIGHT DECIMAL ZERO TWO FIVEONE ONE EIGHT DECIMAL ZERO FIVE ZEROONE ONE EIGHT DECIMAL ONE ZEROZERO

Note 2r- Caution must be exercised with fespect to the indication oftransmitting channels inVHF radiotelephony commLlnications when all six digits ofthe numerical designator are used lnaimpace where communication channel are separated by 25 kllz, because on aircmll installationswith a channel separation capability of 25 kllz or nrore, it is only possible to select the five digitsoflhe numericaldesignator on lhe rJdio managemenl DJnel

Note 3:- The numerical designator cordsponds to the channel identification in Annex 10,

1.4.5 In airspace where all VHF voice communications channels are separaled by 25 kHz ormore and the use of six digits as in 1.4.4 is not substantiated by the operational requirementdetermined by the appropriate altthorities, the first five digits ofthe numerical designator should beused, except in the case ofboth the fifth and sixth digits being zeros, in which case only the firctfour digits should be used.

Note l i- the fol lowing examples i l lustrate the application ofthe procedure in 1.4.5. and theassociated setting of the aircraft radio management panel for communication equipment wilh

channel separation capabilities of25 kHz and 8.33125 kHz.

l 8

/-

118.000I18 .025I18 .050l18 .075r r8.100

1 t 8 . 0 01 1 8 . 0 2118.05I I8 .071 1 8 . 1 0

118.000118.025n8.050118.075I 1 8 . 1 0 0

ONE ONE EIGHT DECiMAI, ZEROONE ONE EICHT DECIMAL ZERO TWO FIVEONE ONE EIGHT DECIMAL ZERO FIVE ZEROONE ONE EIGHT DECIMAL ZERO SEVEN PIVEONE ONE EICI'IT DECIMAL ONE ZEROZERO

Note 2r Caution must be exercised with respect to the indication of tfansmittjng channels jnVHF radio telepathy communications when five digits of the numerical designator are used inairspace where aircraft are also operafed with channel separation capabilities of 8.33/25 kHz. Onaircraft installations with a channel separation capabil;ty of 8.33 kHz and mofe, it is possible toselect six digits on the radio management panel. lt should th€refore be ensufed that the fifth andsixl0h digits are set to 25 kHz channels (see Note l).

Note 3i The numerical designator corresponds to the channel identification in Annex 10,

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AeromobileAERODRO]\IE &

ATC

Radio management panel settingfar communication eauiDment with

Channel Transmilled as 25 kqz(5dieits \

8.33125kH2(6 dipts \

1 9

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SUBJ[CT


AIRODROME &ATC

1,6 STANDARD WORDS AND PHRASES

The following words phrases shall be used in radio telephony commuricatlon as approprlale anq

shdll have Ihe me,ning given beln\ '

ACKNOWLEDGE "Let ne knolv that you have received and understood this message'"

AFHRM Ye' '

APPROVED "Perm;$sion ofProposed action granted "

BREAK "l hereby indicate the separation belw€en poftions ofthe message"'

Note: - To be used whefe there is no is no elear distinction between

the text and other poftions ofthe message "

.BREAK BREAK "l here by indicate the separation bet\reen messages transmitted tt)

diflerent aircraft in a very busy envir'onment "

CANCEL "Annul th€ previously transmitted clearance "

CHECK "Examine a system or procedurc'':Note: - Not to be used in other context No answer is normally

expected "

CLEARED "Authorized to pr.oqeed under the conditiol] specified "

CONFIRM "l request v;rification of(clearance' instruction' action' information) "

CONTACT "Establish communications wiih "

CORRECTION "An error has been made in this transmission (or message indicated)'

the corlect version is - "

D|SRFCARD lgnore.

20

i

J

Word / phrase Meanin

GOAHEAD "Proceed with yo r message"Note: - Not Llsed \\,henever the possibility exists of misconstru;ng"cO AHEAD,'as an authorization for an aircraft to proceed. Thephfase "CO AHEAD,,may be omitted and, in i ts place, afesponse made. by using the calling aeronaLltical station,s call

. sign tbllowed by the answering aeronautical station call sign.

HOW DO YOU READ "Whar is the readabil iry ofmy kansmission?,'

I SAY AGAIN "l repeat for clarity or emphasis.,,

MAINTAIN "Continue in accordance with the condition(s) specified or in itsliieral sense, e.g. "maintain VFR.,'

MONITOR "Listen out on (frequency)."

NEGATIVE "No" of "Permission not granted,, or ,,That is not correct,, or',notcapable.,'

OUT "This exchange oftransmission is ended and no response isexpected."

. Note: - Nor normally used in VHF communicahons.

OVER ,.My transmission is ended and I expect a response from you.',

Not€inot normally used in VHF communicatjon.

READ BACK "Repeat all, or the specified part. of this message back to meexactly as received.,,

RECLEARED "A change has been made to youf last clearance and this newclearance supe$edes your previous clearance or part thercol,,

REPORT "pass me the fol lowing infofmation. _.,,

RXQUEST "l should l ike to knbw ... , ,or , ,1 wish to obtain... , '

COURSE INDOPACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTEE,I4lI9,VASANT VIHAR,NEW DELHI 1 ]0057

(+91 | 1) 26154257158, (+9 t)9873 716987

SUBJXCTRadio Telephony

Aeromobil€Af,RODROMf, &

ATC

21

COURSE INDOPACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTEE-I4/ I9,VASANT VIHAR,NEW DELHI 1 IOO57

(+9r 1 r ) 261 54257/58. (+91 )987371 6987

SUBJECT


AORODROME &ATC

llord / ohrase Mean

ROCER "l have received al l olyouf last transmission "

Notel- Under no cifcumstances to be used in reply to a questlonrequiring "READ BACK" of a ditect answer in the affirmative(AFFIRM) or negative (NEGATIVE).

SAY AGAIN "Repeat all, or the lollcwing part' ' 1'last tfansmission."

SPEAK S I OWER Reduce j ou r ra t c o f speech

STAND BY "Wait and I wil l cal l you "

Note:-The caller would normally re-establish contact ifthe delayis lengIhy STAND BY is not approval or denial

UNABLE "t cannot comply with your feqllest, instruction or clearance "

Note: - UNABLE is normally followed by reason.

WILCO (Abbreviation for "willcomply".)"l understarid your message and will comply rvith it "

WORDS TWICE a) As a request:

"Communication is difficult. Please send every word or group of' words twice,"

b) As information:

"since communication is difficult' even/ word or group ofwordin this message will be sent twic€."

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22

I

I

COURSE .iNDOPACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTE

8,14/ I9,VASANT VIHAR,NEW DELHI t I | )O57(+91 | l ) 261 54257/58, (+91)98737t6987


AeromobileAERODROMII &

ATC

I .7 CALL SIGN

1.7.1 Call \ isn for aeronauticnl stcrion

L7.l. l Aeronautical stations are identif ied by the name ofthe location lol lowed by a suff ix. Thesuffrx indicates the type ofunit or ser.,,ice pfovided.

Unit ofset'vice Call si

Area control centerRadar (in degfee)Approach controlApproach control radar afrivalsApproach control radar depar'turesAerodrome conlrolSutface movement controlClearance deliveryPrccision approach radarDirection-fi nding stationFIight information serviceApron controlCompany dispatchAeronautical station

CONTROLRADARAPPROACHARRIVALDEPARTURETOWERGROUNDDELIVERYPRECISIONHOMERINFORMATIONAPRONDISPATCH

RADIO

1.7.i.2 When satisfactory communiqation has been established, and prov;de that it will not beconfusing, the narne ofthe location or the call sign suffix may be omitted.

1,7.2 Aircraft call sien

1.7.2.1 An aircraft cal l sign shall be ofthe fol lowing type:

a) the characters correspodding to the registretion making oftheaircraft;

b) the telephony designator ofthe airoaft operating agency,follo\red by the last four chafactels ofthg registfation makingoflhe aircra f i : or

c) the telephony designator ofthe aircraft operating agency,followed by the flight identification.

Note: - the name of the aircraft manufacturer or name of the aircraltradiotelephony prefix to the type a) above.

VT-CLM orCessna VT-CLM

AIR INDIA VT- CAB

AIR INDIA ]3 ]

model may be used as

23

COURSE INDOPACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTEE-]4/ I 9 ,VASANT VIHAR.NEW DELHI ] ]0057

(+91 | l )26154257/58,(+9t)98?3716987

SUDJDCT

Radio Tel€phonyA€romobile

AERODROM[ &ATC

1.1.2.2 Altet satisfactory communication has been established, and provided that no confusion isl ikely to occur, aircfaft cal l signs specif ied in | .7.2.1 nlay be abbreviation as fol lows:

le

a) the first and at the least two characters of.the aitcraft VLM orregistrationl Cessna VLM

b) the telephony designator ofthe aircraft operatinf agencyfollowed by least two characters oi the aircraft r! gistrationt A IR INDIA LM

c) no abbreviated Ibrm.

Note: - the abbr€viated examples are corresponding to I.7.2.1-

1.7.2.2.1 An aircraft shall use its abbreviated call sign only after it has been addressed in thismanner by the aeronautical station.

1.'/.2.3 An aircraft shall not change its rype ofcall sign durirrg flight except when there is aIikelihood that confusion may occur because of similar call sign; in such cases, an aircraft may beinstructed by an air tratlc control unit to change the type olits call sign temporafily.

1.7.2.4 Aircftft in the heavy wake turbulerce category shall include the \'r'ord "HEAVY"immediately after the aircraft call sign in the initial call to the aerodrorne control tower and theapproach control unil.

ROUTINE RT MESSAGES OF A FLIGHT

A ullgll0lsjlsad BACK in full the ATC messages listed below.

Taxi instructionsLevel instructionsHeading inshuctionsRunway in+rseATC clearanceClearance of Take ofl Land, Back track, Hold short off aro Lnt.;rAlt imetef sett ing l ike QNH.QFE,QFFFfequency changesTfansition levelVDF informalion.

A pilot obtains clearances and inlormiition lor his flight.

PRE DEPARTURN

L Pre-flight checkfor VHf with a'r Al C u nit - Crouwlfor HF with RADIo

2. SELCAL check - Grouncl3. Time check - Ground4. Departure information - Glouhd5. Stad-up clearance / pushback request ilparked aI Aerobidge - Cround6. ATC clearance folrel7. Line-up- Tower8. Take-off- ?by'er

TAKE OFF

Line up clearance, ifaircrafl had beeD cleared to Taxj Holding position _ foy,e/Take offclearance - 7or?/

runway,

L2.

COURSE INDOPACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTEE,i4/l9,VASANT VIHAR,NEW DELHI I IOO57

(+91 I I ) 26154257/58. (+9t)9873710987

SUBJXCTRadio Telephony

AeromobileAIRODROME &

ATC ..

25

COURSE INDOPACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTtrE.I4lIg.VASANT VIHAR,NEW DELH] 1 I{)O57

(+91 l l ) 26154257/58. (+91)9873716987

SUDJECT


AIRODROME &ATC

Preflight Check

,., lEi-)<:.=:. >l,r ; /*t r

AIRCRAFTDelhi Qrcund Indair 861Request preflight check

Read you five lrddi 861

civing test cal l 1,2,3,4,5,5,4,3,2,1

Read you five 1rldil 861

AIRCRAFT

,e/ri Radio, lndair 861 on 6647Request, Selcal check, Selcal combination JLCM

Selcaloperating normal, changing over to8938

Delrt Rdo lndair 861 on 8938requesr Selcal check

Selcal opef ation normal lnddil861

SELCAL CheckPrimary 8938; SecondarY 6647

To be carried out first on Secondary and lhen on Primary

RADIO

Cround /Tower1rrldir 861 Read you tve(four/three/two)

OrGive a test cal l

Read you five

lrdail 861, giving Selcal JLCM

Cleared to change over

Giving Selcal on 8938

26

INDOPACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTEE,I4l]9,VASANT VITIAR,NEW DELHI ] 10057

(+91 1lJ 261442i7 t58, (+9t)9873716987Radio TelephonyAeromobile

me Ch

r"i)UTC

Ti eck

lr"hl{::i:i.;-).:.' lF'

AIRCRAFTDelhi Cro|nd lndab86lRequest tine check.

0705,Indab 861

GROUND/TOWERlrdai 861 Delhi Cround Time 0705

Time if07:05:30 is given as "0705 and hall Time 0700 is given as ,,On the hour,,

Depalture Information

Departure information consists the lollowing:Depanure run$c)Wind directioo and speedQNHTemp / Dew pointVisibi l i ty/ RVR if requifedEsscntial informa'ion

Dplhi Cround, lndair 8olRequ€st departure informatioo

Indair 861Runway 27Wind 290 (degree) 05 (knots)T 32; DP l5QNH r 0l2

. Visibiliry 5 (kms) / RVR 500 meters. VOR DPN offrhe air

Runway 27, QNH 1012, VOR DPN ollthe air

That is correct.

27

Example LAIRCRAFT

Push back for Start uP

Stand /8, Security checks carfied out, Persons onbaad 120

Request Push back, Informalion GoA

Pushback approveG, -|t?dail 861

Holding Position Runway 28Taxi via Bravo and Charlie.lndair 861

START UP

Delhi Grcund Indait 861 He vYStand -18, Security checks carded out, Persons onboard 120

Requesi Sran I p. Infofmalion Gol/

Indair 861 Hea'tystart up appfoved1rldi," 861 slart uP at 35,

Start up approved, dail 861Orstartrp35' Indair 861

I bat ls corfect

Taxi InstructionAIRCRAFTDelhi Cto'rnd I dair 861 , Heaty .Stand 18, Req Taxi, Information Golf

Delhi Crotnd Intlair 861, HeavY

GROUND/TOWERJndair 861 Hea'tyPush back appfoved

CROUND/TOWERlrddil 861 Clear€d to HoldingPosition Runway2s, taxi via Bravo'Alpha and Charlie

COURSE rr,,txipLcmtc a.vraTIoN INSTITUTDE-I4ll9,VASANT VIHAR,NEW DELH] I Il](]57

(+91 I 1) 26154257/58, (+91)987371 6987

SUBJXCT


AORODRONID &ATC

28

COURSE INDOPACIFIC AVIATION INSTITUTEE-14lI9,VASANTVrHAR,NEWDELHI 110057

(-r91 t 1) 26t 542.57/58, (+9t)987371698',7

SUBJDCTRadio Telephony

AeromobileAf,RODROME &

ATC

ATC CLEARANCEATC cleamnce given fo rircraft must be w tten by the pilot very carefully and should beread back fully by him. This is a stringent requirement.

DelhiTower Indair 861Request ATC clearance

1,id.lir,861 is cleared to kolkatta asp€r flight plan route at Flight level330 After departufe climb straightahead to Flighr level 70, then turnleft, climb ro flight level 330.

,frdai," 861 is cleared to kolkafta asper flight plan route at Flight level330, After departure climb straightahead to Flight level 70, then turnleft, cl imb to f l ight level 330.

This is coffectIndair 861

TAKE OFF'

AIRCRAFTDelhiTo\\er Indair 361Ready for departure

TOWERlrdair 861 Cleared for tak€ off.

Cleared for take off,lzdair 861

29

k .

.'1

Example.4: I fyou see a tfain accidenl that h^s reccntly taken place.

Pan-lan Pa )- ld ) Pan.PanDeihi Radio IC 345I see a train accident, Engine andFour bogies derailed, Passengers

- Rushing out, Repofiing ovef the silePosition 70 miles Outbound JaipurReqrrgsl iake action

IC 345 Roger you] Pan call .

WIND SIIEAI].

This js an unusual weather phenomenon of a band of strong uind blowihg al lou,I levels and exists lor shott dumtion oftimes. Ii aflecls lbe landing and raking ofl.air'cralt.

Timr:ly krowledgc ofthis is esscntial for airoraft. An aircr.aft that first expcficnces thisrepofts to ATC so that the subsequent airc|aft can be cautioned about i1.

AIR{JRAFT

DelhiTower lC 367E\pt ' f lcr,ccd wind Shcnr nr 8I0 f-.clLoss of airspeed 20 krs,

' Strong right dfift.lC 367 Dclhi l 'owef

. Itoger, Wjod Sheaf

LOW P.\SS

A pilot when coll l ing in lor landin! upon not gclt ing the si lnal in cl)cl(| r jbrJrisundel caniage ofbeing down wil l request to Jly low past the Contrcl l 'orrrcr l i rr visqrl r: Iccl i .

De l l r i l o r ve r iC 540N o l o c r i f r ' ; n n i . N r i ^ f f ^ r

landing gear (Under carriage)Requesi Lo$ Pa.s

. IC 540 cleafed forlriw pass

. Not below 500 fool

. R/w 28, surface wil1(l :170 0sQFE 998 hPa. Repod frinal

Cleared Low Pass, fNot beJo\r 500 fccr r ' /or &^lr lIVU 28. QfE aos l,PaW;ll repof Final.

( lapt S. l : i inth.r0? ( lA l t l i

Mbl : 9873716987 . 989955357 ,1

RADIO COMMUNICATION FAILUIIT

Receiver Failure

AIRCRAFT sI4-rraN

Murnbai Rad'o IC 440 on 2872. (.ecoIdary)NO RESPONSE

Chennai Radio IC 440 on 2872, (secondary)r\rr\ p raDr\^lcF

Nagpur ConLrol IC 440 on 123.9.Do 1ou read

#

Any aircmft IC 440 on 123.9,Do you rcad

NO RBSPONSE

NO RESPONSE \

Mumbai Radio Chennai RadioIC 440 on 10065 (Pri) Transmitting Blind due \Receivef lai lure.Position, Mumbai/ChennaiFIR 12 I 5, FL.330l{yderobad1230, Colf nexrContinuing f l ight to Chcnnai as pcr f l igbt ptanETA Chennai 1300,Enduance J hrs.Wil l rran.nrit again ar l2l0 on 6581I sa ) aga in Mumba i Rad io Chenna i Rad io . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .w i11 r rans rn ; r aga in a r I 230on t0065IC 440

rtr reference notes

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