root words, prefixes,and suffixes
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Root Words, Prefixes,and Suffixes. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Examples:abiotic,
anaeorobic,asymmetry,
atrophy
a-, an-(G)
without, not
Examples:antediluvian,
American
-an, -ian
native of, pertaining to
Examples:adjective,adjunct,advise
ad-
at, to, toward
Examples:blockade, lemonade
-ade
result of action
Examples:salvage,
storage, forage
-age
act of, state of, collection of
a grire la ting toEx a mp le s:a g ric u ltu re ,a g ric u ltu ris t
agri
relating to
Examples:agriculture,agriculturist
Ex a mp le:a mp h ib ia n , a mp h ib io u sa mphi-(G)both
Examples:ambidextrous,
ambivalent
ambi-(L)
on both sides
Examples:amble,
ambulance,circumambulate
amb
to go, to walk
Ex a mp le:a mp h ib ia n , a mp h ib io u sa mphi-(G)both
Examples:amphibian, amphibious
amphi-(G)
both
Ex a mp le:a mp h ib ia n , a mp h ib io u sa mphi-(G)both
Examples:antediluvian,
American
-an, -ian
native of, pertaining to
Examples:anaerobic,
anarchy
an-
without
Ex a mp le:a mp h ib ia n , a mp h ib io u sa mphi-(G)both
Examples:assistance, allowance, defiance
-ance, ancy
action, process, state
Examples:androgen,
android
andro-
male
Ex a mp le:a mp h ib ia n , a mp h ib io u sa mphi-(G)both
Examples:annual,
anniversity,annuity
ann-, anno-(L)
year
Examples:animal,
equanimity,unanimous
anim
life, mind, soul, spirit
Examples:antedate,
anteflexion, anterior
ante-(L)
before, in front of
Ex a mp le s:a s s is ta n t,s e rv a n t-a ntpe rforming, a ge nt
Examples:assistant,servant
-ant
performing, agent
Examples:anthropologist,
anthropoid
anthrop-(G)
human
Examples:anthology,Anthozoa
antho, anthos
flower
Examples:anticline,antibody,antibiotic
anti-(G)
against
Examples:anthropologist,
anthropoid
anthrop-(G)
human
Examples:aqueous, aquifer
aqua-(L)
waterEx a mp le s:Arc h a e b a c te ria ,a rc h a e o lo g y,a rc h a ica rc ha , a rc ha ea nc ie nt
Ex a mp le s:Arc h a e b a c te ria ,a rc h a e o lo g y,a rc h a ica rc ha , a rc ha ea nc ie nt
Examples:anthropoid,
anthropological
arthro
jointed
Example:artiodactyl
artio-, artios-
even
Example:ascus
ascus, askos
bag
astr, aster,astro(L, G)
starExamples:
astronomy, astronauts,
asteroid
Ex a mp le s:b a ro me te r,b a ro g ra p hba r-, ba ro-(G)pre s s ure , he a v y, we ight
Examples:barometer,barograph
bar-, baro-(G)
pressure, heavy, weight
Examples:bathyscaphe,bathysphere
bathys
deep
Examples:bilateral,
bipedal, bivalve,biweekly
bi-(L)
two, twice, double
Ex a mp le s:b a ro me te r,b a ro g ra p hba r-, ba ro-(G)pre s s ure , he a v y, we ight
Examples:benefit,
benefactor
bene
good
Examples:carnivore,carnage
carn-
flesh
Examples:cardiac,
cardiology, discord
cardi, cardio, cord, cour
(G)
heart
Ex a mp le s:c e n trip e ta l,c e n trifu g a lc e ntr-, c e ntri-(G)middle
Examples:centripetal,centrifugal
centr-, centri-(G)
middle
Examples:century,
centimeter
cent-, centi-(L)
hundred,hundredth
Ex a mp le s:c e n trip e ta l,c e n trifu g a lc e ntr-, c e ntri-(G)middle
Examples:cephalopod,
cephalic
ceph, cephalo
head
Examples:chemist,
chemistry,
chem-(G)
matter, drug
Examples:triceratops,
keratin
-cerat-, kerat(G)
horn
Examples:chlorophyll,chloroplast
chloros
pale green
Examples:chromatic,
chromatography,chromosome
chroma-, chromo
(G)
colored
Examples:hericide,
insecticide, pesticide
-cide(L)
killer, killing
Examples:chronology,chronometer
chrono-(G)
time
Ex a mp le s:ma gic ia n, optic ia n, phy s ic ia n-c ineha v ing a s pe c ific s k ill
Examples:magician, optician, physician
-cine
having a specific skill
Examples:circumference,
circadian,circuit
circ-,circum-, circa
(L)
around,about
Examples:anticline,syncline
cline
folded
Examples:occlude,
preclusionseclude
clud, clus
close
Examples:covalent,
coefficient, convergent
co-, com-, con-(L, G)
with, together
Examples:corpus luteum,
corpuscles
corpus-(L)
body
Examples:contraception,
contradict
contra
against
Examples:cycle, cyclone,
bicycle
cyci, cyc-,cyclo
(G)
circle, cycle, Examples:
advocacy, normalcy,prophecy
-cy
action, function
Examples:decagon,decimal
dec-, deci-(L)
ten, tenth
Examples:deduce,deform,
defoliate,decompose
de-(L)
away from,remove
Examples:dental, dentist,
denture
den, dens
tooth
Examples:dendrite,
dendrochronology
dendr, dendro
tree
Examples:diatomic,disectiondivision
di-(L)
two
Examples:diaphragm,diameter, diastolic
dia-(G)
across, through, apart
Examples:reduce,deduce, produce
-duc-(L)
to lead, bring, take
Examples:dormant,dormitory,dormancy
-dorm-(L)
sleep
Examples:employee, nominee, refugee
ee-
one who receives the
actionExamples:baker,
carpenter, brewer
-eer, -or
on who, that which
Ex a mp le s:g o ld e n ,wo o d e ne n-ma de of
Examples:golden,wooden
-en
made of
Examples:lengthen,
soften
en-
to cause to be
Examples:endoplasmic, endothermic
end-, endo-(G)
within
Examples:diffence,
conference, urgency
-ence, ency
action, state of, quality
Examples:epicenter,epidermis,epiglottis
epi-(G)
on top
Examples:equation,equinox,equator
equ-, equi(L)
equal
Examples:genesis, neurosis, osmosis
-esis, osis
action, process, condition
Examples:Japanese,
Vietnamese
ese-
a native of
Examples:extinct,
excretion,excretory system
ex-(G)
out of, out from
Examples:exoskeleton, exothermic,exosphere
exo-(G)
outside, outer, external
Examples:generate,
genealogy, genetics
gen-(G)
begin, birth
Examples:carcinogenic,
cytogenic, mutagenic
genesis, -genic
(L)
origin, birth
Examples:gravity,
gravitropism
gravi-(L)
heavy
Examples:seismograph,
telegraph, tropography
-graph, graphy(G)
write, process of recording
Examples:herbaceous,
herbal, herbivore
herba-(L)
grass, plants
Examples:heterotrophic, heterosexual, heterozygous
hetero-(G)
different ,other
Examples:homogeneous, homologous, homzygous
homeo, homo(G)
alike, same
Examples:hominid,
Homo sapiens
hom-, homo-(L)
man
Examples:hydrology,
hydroelectric,hydrophobia
hydr-, hudro-(G)
water
Example:hyaloplasm
hyal, hyalo
glassy
Examples:hypodermic,
hypoglycemia,hypotenuse
hypo-(G)
beneath, below, under
Examples:hypnosis,hypnotic,hynotize
hypno-
sleep
Examples:biblical,physical
-ical
pertaining to,having the nature
of
Examples:metamorphic,
anthropomorphic
-ic, -tic(G)
pertaining to,having to do with
Examples:justice,malice
-ice
condition, state, quality
Examples:ichthyology,ichthyosaur
ichthys
fish
Examples:infrared,
infrasonic
infra-(L)
below
Examples:feminine,
masculine, medicine
-ine
having the nature or
characteristic of
Examples:international,interphase,interstellar
inter-(L)
between, among
Examples:intracellular,intramural
intra-(L)
within, inside
Examples:contagion, infection, aversion
-ion, sion, tion
act of, state of, result of
Examples:introspect,
introversion, introvert
intro-(L)
into, within
Examples:scientist,socialist,terrorist
-ist(G)
one who,that which
Examples:graphite, sulfite,
neophyte
-ite, yte
nature of, quality of
Examples:conclusive,
festive, restive
-ive
causing
Examples:emphasize,
anthropomorphize
-ize
to make (like)
Examples:lever,
elevation,elevator
-lev-(L)
raise
Examples:lingo, lingual,
linguistlinguistics
lingo, lingua
tongue
Examples:biology,zoology
-logos, -logy(G)
word, the study of
Examples:dialogue,
monologue,prologue
log, logue
word, thought, speech
Examples:clearly,
fearlessly
-ly
like
Examples:hemolysis, hydrolysis, lysosome
-lys-, -lysis(L)
dissolution, destruction
Examples:magnify,
magnitude
magni-(L)
great, big
Examples:macrophage,macrocasm
macr-, macro-(g)
long, large, great
Examples:maritime polar,
maritime tropical
mari-(L)
seaExamples:
mechanical digestion,
mechanical energy
mechan-(G)
machine
Examples:mistake,
misfortune,misconception
mis-
bad, wrong
Examples:monocular,
monocotyledon, monoecious
mon-, mono-(G)
one, single
Examples:mortal,
mortality
mort-(L)
death
Examples:metamorphic rock,metamorphosis,
ectomorph
-morph-(G)
shape, form
Examples:nocturnal, equinox
noct-, -nox(L)
night
Examples:nonrenewable,
nonvascular plant,non-sexual
non-(L)
not
Examples:paleontology
paleontologist,Paleolinthic
paleo-(G)
ancient
Examples:Pangaea,panache,
panophobia
pan-(G)
every
Examples:parallel circuit,
parasite, parasitism
para(G)
beside
Examples:pedoscope,
tripod
-ped-, pod-(L)
foot
Examples:percolate,
permeability,perpendicular
per-(L)
through
Examples:perimeter,periphery
peri-(G)
around
Examples:petrified,
petrified fossil,petroleum
petr-(G)
rock
Example:esophagus, Sarcophagia
-phag(G)
eat
Examples:physics,
physical science,physiology
phys-(L, G)
body, natural
Examples:chlorophyll, sporophyll
phyll
leaf
Examples:duplex,
multiplex
-plex(L)
multiplied by a specific number
Examples:pseudopod,
tripod
pod
foot
Examples:report,
transport
-port-(L)
carry
Examples:posterior, postnatal,
postpartum
post(L)
after, behind
Examples:prophase,prediction
pre-, pro-(L, G)
before, forward
Examples:primitive,
prime meridian, primary
prim-(L)
first
Examples:psychologist,psychology,psychosis
psycho
mind
Example:pyroclastic,pyramidal,pyrolusite
pyr, pyro(G)
fire
Examples:quintaplets,pentagon,
quint, penta(L, G)
four, fourth
Examples:quadralateral,
quandrant,quadrillion
quad-(L)
four, fourth
Examples:reproduction,
reactant,reaction
re-(L)
again
Examples:rectroactive,retrospect
retro
backward
Examples:seismograph,seismology
seism(G)
earthquake
Examples:semicircle,semilunar,
semiconductors
semi(G)
half
Examples:osteoperosis,
synthesis,analysis
-sis(G)
condition of
Examples:sequencefrequency
sequ-(L)
follow
Examples:centrosome, lysosome, somatic, somite
soma(G)
body
Examples:inspect,
specticles,retrospective
-spec-, spect-(L)
look
Examples:stratus,
stratosphere
strat-(L)
sheet, spread
Examples:subspecies, substitution
sub, sup(L)
below, under, smaller than
Examples:supraorbital, suprarenal
supra(L)
above, upon
Examples:supercerebral, superconductor
super-(L)
above, upper
Examples:tetrapod,
tetrahedral,
tetra-(L)
four
Examples:terrain,
terrestrial,terrace
terr, terra(L)
earth, land
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Examples:triploid,
tripod, triangle,trilateral
tri-(G)
three
Examples:transcontinental,
transit,transpiration
trans-(L)
across, beyond,through
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Examples:phototropic,troposphere
trop-, tropo-(G)
turn
Examples:autotroph, dystrophy, heterotroph
-troph-,throphe
(G)
to feed or eat
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Examples:frailty,
electricity,likeness
-ty, -ity,-ness(L) (G)
the quality or state of being
subtle
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Examples:unbalance,
unconformity
un-(L, G)
not
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Examples:unicellular,
unit, unisom
uni, unis(L)
one
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Example:vernal equinox
vernal(L)
spring season
Examples:vaccine,
vaccinate
vacc
cow
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Examples:virile,virtue
vir-(L)
manEx a mp le:in v itrov itrogla s s y
Example:invitro
vitro
glassy
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Examples:vocal,
vocabulary
voc-(L)
call
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Examples:volcano,volcanic
vocan-(L)
fire, heat
Examples:revolve,revolver,revolution
-vol-, -volv-(L)
turn, roll
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Examples:herbivore,carnivore
-vor-, vore(L)
devour, eat
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Examples:toward,
forward, upward
-ward
having a particular
direction or location
Example:werewolf
were-
man
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Examples:clockwise,saleswise
-wise
in the direction,with respect to
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Examples:xeric,
xerophyte
xeros(G)
dry
Examples:xenon,
xenophobe
xeno
strange, foreign
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Ex a mp le s:p h o to tro p ic ,tro p o s p h e retrop-, tropo-(G)turn
Examples:holozoic, protozoa, zoology, zoospore
zo, zoon(G)
animal
Example:zygote
zygo, zygous
joined