Root meristems and primary tissues

Root apical meristem mitosis

Be able to identify all of themitotic stages and knowwhat order they occur in.(review)

Root promeristems

apical meristem

promeristems

primary tissues

Root promeristems

What tissues areforming here?

Dicot root primary tissuesYou should be able to identify the tissues and cell types and know the

functions of the cell types.

Be able to identify epidermis, cortex, parenchyma, endodermis, passage cells,stele or vascular cylinder, pericycle, xylem, phloem,residual procambium, casparian strips.

Starch grains in parenchyma cells

Parenchyma cells are where plants store most of their starch.

When proplastids inparenchyma cells are exposedto light, they often developinto chloroplasts.

Plants usually store more starchin their roots than in their stems.Can you think of a possiblereason why they do that?

Monocot root primary tissues

Note that there is parenchymain the middle of this monocotroot. Cells in the outer part ofthe cortex have differentiatedinto fibers, and the epidermisis disappearing.

Be able to identify epidermis,exodermis, cortex and cortical parenchyma, endodermis and endodermal cells, pericycle, primary phloem, primary xylem,vessel cells, sieve cells, undifferentiated xylem parenchyma.

(This is a cross section of a corn or maize root, Zea.)

Root anatomy of another monocot root

Notice that the endodermis is very lignified.Do you think water could pass through this endodermis?)

(These are Smilax root cross sections. The commonName of Smilax is catbrier or sawbrier.)

Be able to identify all tissues and cell types.