ROMAN NUMERALSROMAN NUMERALS——

THE BASICSTHE BASICSFIRST YOU NEED TO LEARN THE BASIC BUILDING BLOCKS OF THE

ROMAN NUMERAL SYSTEM:--THE 7 LETTERS THAT REPRESENT

NUMERICAL VALUES:

I=1 V=5 X=10 L=50 C=100 D=500

M=1,000

II=1=1

VV=5=5

XX=10=10

LL=50=50

HALF OF C!

CC=100=100The first letter

in the Latin word for 100:Centum!

DD= 500= 500D sometimes looks like half of the M—the Latin for 1,000!

In carvings on buildings one can find M as: and D as:

MM=1,000=1,000M IS FOR

THE FIRST LETTER IN THE LATIN WORD

FOR 1,000:MILLE!

On the Gloriette at Schoenbrunn in Vienna, AustriaMDCCLXXV=1775

NOW LET’S FIND OUT NOW LET’S FIND OUT HOW TO BUILD WITH HOW TO BUILD WITH

THOSE BLOCKS:THOSE BLOCKS:Roman numerals generally read

from left to right: keep adding

from the larger to the smaller values, similar to Arabic numerals!

III=3 VI= 6 XI=11 XX=20 XVI=16 XXVI=26

326 = CCCXXVI

A CHANGE OCCURS A CHANGE OCCURS HOWEVERHOWEVER

IF YOU ENCOUNTER IF YOU ENCOUNTER A LARGER NUMBER AS YOU A LARGER NUMBER AS YOU MOVE FROM LEFT TO RIGHT MOVE FROM LEFT TO RIGHT

——YOU THEN HAVE TO STOP: YOU THEN HAVE TO STOP:

SUBTRACT THE SMALLER SUBTRACT THE SMALLER NUMBER FROM THE LARGER NUMBER FROM THE LARGER ONE THAT FOLLOWS. THIS ONE THAT FOLLOWS. THIS ONLY OCCURS WHEN THE ONLY OCCURS WHEN THE

RESULTING VALUE IS RESULTING VALUE IS 44 OR OR 99!!

IV=4 IX=9XIV=14 XIX=19

XXIV=24 XXIX=29XL=40 XLIX=49CD=400 CM=900

SO CCLI=? DCCC=? DXXVI=

BUT CMLXXII= CDLIX= LXXXIV=

CCLI=251 DCCC=800 DXXVI=526

BUT CMLXXII=972

CDLIX=459 LXXXIV=84

SEEN ENOUGH?SEEN ENOUGH?WELL, ALSO:WELL, ALSO:

TO REPRESENT LARGER NUMBERS TO REPRESENT LARGER NUMBERS THE ROMANS PUT A LINE OVER A THE ROMANS PUT A LINE OVER A

ROMAN NUMERAL TO SIGNIFY ROMAN NUMERAL TO SIGNIFY MULTIPLICATION BY MULTIPLICATION BY 1,0001,000::

= = 5,0005,000!!

Important dates in Important dates in Roman history to Roman history to

remember:remember:DCCLIIIDCCLIII BC—THE FOUNDING OF ROME BC—THE FOUNDING OF ROME______________________________________________________________________XLIVXLIV BC—THE ASSASSINATION OF JULIUS BC—THE ASSASSINATION OF JULIUS

CAESAR ON THE IDES OF MARCHCAESAR ON THE IDES OF MARCH______________________________________________________________________LXXIXLXXIX AD—THE ERUPTION OF MT AD—THE ERUPTION OF MT

VESUVIUS THAT BURIED POMPEII AND VESUVIUS THAT BURIED POMPEII AND HERCULANEUMHERCULANEUM

____________________________________________________________________

DCCLIII BCDCCLIII BC—THE FOUNDING OF ROME—THE FOUNDING OF ROME 753 BC753 BCXLIV BCXLIV BC—THE ASSASSINATION OF JULIUS —THE ASSASSINATION OF JULIUS

CAESAR ON THE IDES OF MARCHCAESAR ON THE IDES OF MARCH44 BC44 BC

LXXIX ADLXXIX AD—THE ERUPTION OF MT —THE ERUPTION OF MT VESUVIUS THAT BURIED POMPEII AND VESUVIUS THAT BURIED POMPEII AND HERCULANEUMHERCULANEUM

79 AD79 AD

Memorizing the Memorizing the “ROMAN NUMERAL RAP”“ROMAN NUMERAL RAP”

may help you remember the may help you remember the seven building blocks:seven building blocks:

I is one, V is five, Whatchu mean, Latin’s not alive?X is ten, L is fitty,Roman numerals look so pretty!C’s one hundred, D’s five hun’Say it louder, make it fun:Now M is a thousand, louder still—Roman numerals on the one dollar bill:MDCCLXXVI—FOURTH OF JULY!!!

WHAT DOES WHAT DOES MDCCLXXVIMDCCLXXVI STAND STAND

FOR?FOR?

17761776

THE THE

YEAR THE U.S.YEAR THE U.S.

…………………………………………??

Write down your guesses before the next slide!

The Flintstones - First went to air in MCMLX and continued being made until MCMLXVI

Monty Python and the Holy Grail - was released in MCMLXXV

Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (TMNT) - first appeared in MCMLXXXIV

Scooby Doo - The first episode, 'What a Night for a Knight'

went to air in MCMLXIX and is available on Youtube.The Simpsons - first appeared April XIX, MCMLXXXVII

and has gone on to be the longest running TV series in history.

I HOPE THAT I HOPE THAT RAPS UP RAPS UP

THE ROMAN THE ROMAN NUMERALS NUMERALS FOR YOU!!FOR YOU!!

Check out your activity packet and my teacher webpage for practice!